scholarly journals UNIVERSITETO STUDENTŲ PROFESINĖ KARJERA: SUPRATIMO STRUKTŪRA [UNIVERSITY STUDENT PROFESSIONAL CAREER: UNDERSTANDING STRUCTURE]

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-117
Author(s):  
Vincentas Lamanauskas ◽  
Dalia Augienė
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
University Student ◽  
The Other ◽  
Family Influence ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
Career Model ◽  
Professional Achievement ◽  
The Individual

University study period in a certain sense is a successive step to future career heights. In this respect, it is very important for the students to evaluate the appearing possibilities as early as possible, to purposefully get ready for professional activity after the graduation of university studies. On the other hand, the individual career understanding of every student is likely to be different. Career understanding is constantly changing and this change is conditioned by various factors. Career understanding experiences constant change. Nowadays, career is understood not as resolute climbing of the career ladder. Objectively valued work achievements such as high position, scientific and pedagogic degrees, qualification level showing diplomas, certificates become of little value, if a person does not feel satisfied with his life and activity. Career is considered a phenomenon, for which, first of all, the responsibility must take the individual himself. Today, it is not enough to match the individual to his performed job or profession, to orientate him or direct in one or another known beforehand direction. It is necessary for the individual to know himself, and to take action in constructing his unique career, consciously choosing what is most acceptable, suitable for him. The individual, creating his unique career model, can lay emphasis on and regard as important one or the other factors in his career model and have an individual his career phenomenon understanding. Career understanding can also be conditioned by the social processes going on, their importance perception and possible influence on successful career. The environment investigation helps to look more deeply into labour market, into the spheres or organisations where someone wants to work or employ himself. Evaluating this aspect family influence can also be important, the influence of friends, economic, community influence and so on. Therefore, social context significance evaluation can have influence on a career as a phenomenon perception. Thus, the object of the research is the first course university student career understanding. The aim of the research is to analyse career understanding structure. 265 first course students from three Lithuanian universities participated in the research. 38 statement factorial analysis about career understanding was carried out. In fact, career understanding can be defined by 6 main factors: career as a professional achievement (SI=0.80; SD=0.16, career as personal improvement (SI=0.78; SD=0.16), career as self-realisation (SI=0.76; SD=0.15), career as social relations (SI=0.67; SD=0.22), career as leadership (SI=0.65; SD=0.17) and career as social status (SI=0.60; SD=0.20). Students, studying in social and humanitarian science programmes, usually understand career as professional achievement (experience accumulation, rise, progress, going forward, well-performed work, possibility to become one of the best experts in one’s own sphere). A great number of students understand career as personal improvement (inner potential realisation, individual improvement in successfully chosen activity sphere, lifelong lasting teaching and working path, creative aim satisfaction, professional self-expression, goal attainment and ambition satisfaction). A little smaller part of the students understand career as self-realisation (finding a job, which is pleasant to do, work as a calling, improvement in the direction of a chosen activity). Part of the students understand career as social relations, which are made meaningful by social relation development, man’s cultural and moral maturity, strong bonds with community, nation. A small part of students understand career as leadership (power and responsibility growth, free activity choice, managing the group of people). The smallest part of students emphasize social status in career understanding. For the boys, social activity is more important. Therefore, they more often than girls understand career as personal improvement, as self-realisation, as social relations. Key words: career understanding, factor analysis, personal improvement, university students.

scholarly journals Paradigm Shift among Scheduled Caste in Jharkhand: A Study of Garhwa District

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ambrish Gautam ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Exceptional Case ◽  
Personal Attributes ◽  
The People ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Socially Excluded

Status is a position provided to the person of the concern society based on societal norms, values and customary practices. It is further being divided into two parts, first one is the Ascribed status, and another is Achieved status. The ascribed status is assigned to a person by the group or society, whereas achieved status is earned by the individual through his/her personal attributes and is taken note of by the people in and around his/her location. It is also evident that in majority of the cases, the ascribed status always determines the nature and extent of the achieved status. The ascribed status of the Dalits contributes or hinders in the formation of their achieved status. It also includes their social interaction and social relations with non-Dalits in the exiting local level social structure. This status is being characterized and specified by the process of Sanskritization, social and religious reforms, and the constitutional provisions in the formation of achieved status of Dalits in their different strata of life. The social status is the convergent form of both the ascribed and achieved statuses of a person in each society or social structure. In every circumstance, one’s higher ascribed status always contributes positively to his or her higher achieved status. Conversely, lower the ascribed status, lower is the achieved status though this may be other way round in the exceptional case. Anyway, the symmetrical or linear relationship between the lower ascribed and achieved statuses gets more crystallized, if the person comes from a group which remains socially excluded forever. But due to the prospects of Independence, Education, Constitutional safeguards and Modernisation several kinds of changes occurred in the status of Dalit’s in the society. Through this paper, I have tried to identify the process of social status formation among Dalits in Jharkhand.

scholarly journals Paradigm Shift among Scheduled Caste in Jharkhand: A Study of Garhwa District

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ambrish Gautam ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Exceptional Case ◽  
Personal Attributes ◽  
The People ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Socially Excluded

Status is a position provided to the person of the concern society based on societal norms, values and customary practices. It is further being divided into two parts, first one is the Ascribed status, and another is Achieved status. The ascribed status is assigned to a person by the group or society, whereas achieved status is earned by the individual through his/her personal attributes and is taken note of by the people in and around his/her location. It is also evident that in majority of the cases, the ascribed status always determines the nature and extent of the achieved status. The ascribed status of the Dalits contributes or hinders in the formation of their achieved status. It also includes their social interaction and social relations with non-Dalits in the exiting local level social structure. This status is being characterized and specified by the process of Sanskritization, social and religious reforms, and the constitutional provisions in the formation of achieved status of Dalits in their different strata of life. The social status is the convergent form of both the ascribed and achieved statuses of a person in each society or social structure. In every circumstance, one’s higher ascribed status always contributes positively to his or her higher achieved status. Conversely, lower the ascribed status, lower is the achieved status though this may be other way round in the exceptional case. Anyway, the symmetrical or linear relationship between the lower ascribed and achieved statuses gets more crystallized, if the person comes from a group which remains socially excluded forever. But due to the prospects of Independence, Education, Constitutional safeguards and Modernisation several kinds of changes occurred in the status of Dalit’s in the society. Through this paper, I have tried to identify the process of social status formation among Dalits in Jharkhand.

scholarly journals The Societal Crisis and The Human Dignity: Epistemological View

wisdom ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Ana Bazac
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Methodological Individualism ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Social ◽  
Will To Live ◽  
Individual Consciousness ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Autonomous State ◽  
Real State

The paper aims at emphasising the significances of the concept of dignity through the lens of the relational character of this concept. Even though it appeared in modernity as substantive/essence, as an autonomous state that might be attached to man – and it was developed in the frame of methodological individualism –, dignity is a construct depending on the historical and social relations, thus the culture and values dominant in a certain time. And, because the consideration of the others is assumed by the individual who internalises the intertwining and force of values in the way he seems to not detach his own being from dignity, the paper demonstrates that, although there is an ontological basis of dignity – the human conatus – the concept of dignity is incomprehensible without connect it to, or more, without integrating it within the social complex.First of all, the individual translation of the human conatus in the concept of dignity supposes the social character of man. The instruments of the individual, necessary for his survival, are social. The language through which he expresses his self-consciousness as his own dignity is social. The nuances his self-consciousness transposes as feelings and their expressions are borrowed from the culture known by the individual.But leaving this alone, and considering as a beginning of the analysis only the individual’s feeling of dignity as transposition of his/her will to live, this feeling is vague, ineffable and evanescent if it would not have the positive or negative reactions of society towards it. Indeed, society is the ultimate criterion of the individual consciousness of dignity, because it accredits this individual feeling. If, by absurd, there was no society – or the individual would live in an individual niche and would not know anything about society (but, for the sake of our philosophical experiment, he could express through meaningful words his feelings) – the individual would not be sure that he has a constitutive dignity and he deserves dignity. Only the others authorise this feeling, whether they endorse it or not, having the function of a thermometer measuring the individual belief.Methodological individualism is contradictory concerning the concept of dignity: on the one hand, it lauds to sky this concept (in its essentialist variant) as related to the individual, and on the other hand, it neglects the consequences of social relations over the real state of dignity of all the human beings.Finally, the paper links this relational standpoint to both the surpassing of the abstract individual and the clash of universalistic and particularistic values.

scholarly journals Occupational structure of bearers of Jewish rabbinical, occupational and generic surnames

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 971
Author(s):  
Alexander Jonathan Vidgop ◽  
Nelly Norton ◽  
Nechama Rosenberg ◽  
Malka Haguel-Spitzberg ◽  
Itzhak Fouxon
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Social Status ◽  
The Other ◽  
Occupational Structure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Standard Classification ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Study Choice

We study choice of profession in three groups of Russian-speaking Jewish families with different occupational distributions of the ancestors. This study continues exploration of the persistence of social status of families over centuries that was initiated in recent years. It was found previously that in some cases professions remain associated with the same surnames for many generations. Here the studied groups are defined by a class of the surname of individuals composing them. The class serves as a label that indicates a professional bias of the ancestors of the individual. One group are the bearers of the class of surnames which were used by rabbinical dynasties. The other group is constituted by occupational surnames, mostly connected to crafts. Finally, the last group are generic Jewish names defined as surnames belonging to neither of the above groups. We use the database that consists of 858 and 1057 of the first two groups, respectively, and 7471 generic Jewish surnames. The statistics of the database are those of individuals drawn at random from the considered groups. We determine shares of members of the groups working in a given type of occupations together with the confidence interval. The occupational type’s definition agrees with International Standard Classification of Occupations. It is demonstrated that there is a statistically significant difference in the occupational structure of the three groups that holds beyond the uncertainty allowed by 95% confidence interval. We quantify the difference with a numerical measure of the overlap of professional preferences of different groups. We conclude that in our study the occupational bias of different population groups is preserved at least for two centuries that passed since the considered surnames appeared.

scholarly journals Bringing The Poster Presentation Model into Classroom

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ima Widyastuti (Scopus ID 57210281451)
Keyword(s):  
Poster Presentation ◽  
Present Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Classroom Observations ◽  
Individual Interview ◽  
Classroom Activities ◽  
English Competence ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Recent Action

Making students to speak English in a large classroom becomes a big challenge for teachers. On one hand, there is no enough time for all students speak equally. On the other hand, most students are lack of confidence and English competence. As a result, the students tend to be reluctant toward the speaking activities. There have been many research under the speaking classroom activities, however, modeling professional activity into classrooms has been rare. The recent action research on a Poster Presentation model aims to make students participate in the classroom activities actively by considering their characteristics. From the individual interview and classroom observations of the 17 passive students enrolled on the four Speaking for Academic Purposes classrooms at Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa University, Indonesia, the researchers found that the Poster Presentation model with two rules applied, i.e. no talk no grade and interrelated questions motivated the students’ participation in the speaking classroom activities. However, the Poster Presentation model did not work on those who have never experienced in natural speaking practices before. Thus, managing the classroom using the present model brings double facets among students.

scholarly journals Work values of Lithuanian university students: Internal structure

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-123
Author(s):  
Vincentas Lamanauskas ◽  
Dalia Augienė
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Work Values ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Work Activity ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
Work Value ◽  
The Individual

Individual’s work values define his/her career purposefulness. Individual’s chosen work values allow foreseeing what activity context and career model is important for him/her, seeking to successfully realize oneself in professional activity. Planning his/her professional career an individual is searching for the activity sphere, which could conform not only to his/her personal features, but also to his/her value orientations. Work values important for the individual allow realizing if they form conditions for planning modern career (successfully solve constantly changing activity problems and to correspond to always new raised requirements for a person in the organisation or in labour market), the realisation of which in today’s constantly changing labour market and social context becomes more and more problematic. Empiric research was carried out seeking to discover the work (activity) value structure. The research instrument was created by the authors of the research. Two hundred sixty five first-year students from three Lithuanian universities participated in the research. These are the main higher education institutions, preparing teachers in Lithuania. The obtained results show that work value structure of the first year students studying in social and humanitarian science programmes can be expressed by 6 main factors: responsible activity values, active work values, harmony values, reward values, activity style values, and social status values. Also, the main differences were ascertained between female and male work value structure. Responsible activity values, active work values and harmony values were much more important for female than male students.

scholarly journals Aprendizaje colaborativo de Anatomía facilitado con escenarios y videos, una nueva experiencia para los estudiantes del primer año de Enfermería

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-303
Author(s):  
Mayra Gari ◽  
Nomatemba Nonkelela
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Semester ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Course Variables

Las Ciencias Básicas pueden ser un reto para los estudiantes en los primeros años de la carrera de Enfermería. En la Universidad Walter Sisulu, África del Sur, la conferencia es el método de enseñanza de la Anatomía en el primer semestre, mientras que en el segundo, los alumnos aprenden esta materia de modo activo y en grupos de colaboración. El propósito de este trabajo fue investigar la evaluación que los estudiantes hicieron de variables que impactan en su nuevo ambiente de aprendizaje, así como incursionar en la relación que pueda existir entre ellas para su interpretación. Todos los estudiantes que finalizaron el primer año en los cursos 2014-16 recibieron un cuestionario con 16 ítems, y el 80.7% (n=168) de las encuestas entregadas fue incluido en este trabajo. Se calculó la estadística descriptiva de las 16 variables y el análisis factorial exploratorio con extracción de factores comunes y rotación oblimin. Los participantes evaluaron satisfactoriamente atributos sobre ellos mismos, sobre el resto de los integrantes de su grupo y acerca del diseño del curso. El análisis factorial exploratorio permitió agrupar las variables en dos dimensiones, una relacionada con las  habilidades cognitivas del individuo y la regulación de su aprendizaje, y otra segunda dimensión referida a las relaciones e inter-acciones sociales que se despliegan entre los individuos cuando aprenden en colaboración. Learning Basic Sciences can be a challenge for first year nursing students. At Walter Sisulu University (South Africa), learning Anatomy is lecture-based in the first semester, but active and collaborative in the second semester. This paper investigated how students assessed their Anatomy learning environment of the second semester, as well as explored the possibility to group the variables studied. A questionnaire with 16 items was handed to all students at the end of academic years 2014-16, and 80.7% (n=168) of the total, was included in this study. Descriptive statistic of the variables was calculated and exploratory factor analysis with maximum likelihood extraction was the mean to explore the dimensionality of the scale. Participants satisfactorily assessed items related to attributes of the individual, attributes of the other members of her/his group, as well as the design of the course. Variables could be grouped into two dimensions: the first dimension being related to the cognitive strategies and skills that the individual as an agent displayed maximizing the learning opportunities afforded by the course, and, the other dimension related to the social relations and interactions that unfold among students when they learn in collaboration.

scholarly journals Socio-psychological Training for Readiness for Interaction in Professional Activity of Employers and Specialists with Blindness

Pedagogika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-236
Author(s):  
Yevhenii Klopota ◽  
Olha Klopota ◽  
Vytautas Gudonis
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Self Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Psychological Training ◽  
Emotional Component

The article contains the results of an experimental analysis of the peculiarities and prospects of the interaction of specialists with blindness with their potential employers. Young people with blindness and chiefs of different organizations and institutions (potential employers) took part in the experimental analysis of the readiness for interaction in professional activities. We have received positive dynamics in influencing the emotional component of self-identity of people with profound visual impairment; tendency on a behavior, focused on solving the problem; increasing the level of self-control and independence of other people‘s estimation. On the other hand, the most of potential employers have proven themselves in full capability of people with visual impairment, who can provide a productive professional career.

Career success as a socio-psychological condition for the realization of personality in professional activity

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Vera Yu. Bedina
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Career Success ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
Professional Careers ◽  
Subjective Awareness ◽  
Effective Components ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Psychological Features

We focused attention on the socio-psychological aspect of a career, expressed in its targeted, procedural and effective components. Such a vision allows us to consider it as a purposeful process of active self-realization in professional activity on the basis of existing meta-skills and subjective awareness of career success. We also noted the connection between developed communication skills and a successful career. And on what values are central to the structure of the individual, its further path and goals, and then the strategy for their implementation, depend. In order to prove the last statement, we gave the results of an empirical study. According to the received data, the main life values that guide young specialists in building successful professional careers are safety, kindness, independence, achievement, universalism, conformism. Correlation analysis of distinguished values, career goals and strategies for their achievement made it possible to distinguish the typology of careers of young specialists at a university (stable career, team, unstable, independent, conformal, professional, active). We considered in detail factors both contributing and preventing successful construction of professional career, successful realization of personality in career. The identified theoretical aspects formed the basis for further empirical study of the goals, motives, values, strategies, factors and other socio-psychological features of the successful professional career of young specialists in various fields.

Fighting in NIH/S male mice: consequences for behaviour in resident-intruder tests and physiological parameters

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kaliste-Korhonen ◽  
S. Eskola
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Resident Intruder

Fighting is known to occur frequently in male mouse groups. In this study with outbred NIH/S mice, the possible impact of individual aggressiveness on fighting in groups and on the social status of animals was studied. Male mice were pre-tested in a resident-intruder (RI) test and rated as initially aggressive or non-aggressive according to their attack behaviour against an intruder. Thereafter they were randomly allocated to new social groups, with four mice per cage. Fighting in groups was increased when several initially aggressive animals were included in the group. Within the groups, animals were rated as dominants and subordinates according to their behaviour toward a strange intruder introduced into their home-cage (Group Intruder, GI) test and the occurrence of wounds. Additionally, subordinates were divided into aggressive and non-aggressive categories according to their behaviour in the second RI test, which was performed 3 weeks after grouping. The behaviour in the RI test prior to group-housing did not predict the individual social status or possibility of being wounded in the new social environment. On the other hand, the social relationships in the new group affected the behaviour in a subsequent RI test. All dominants showed aggressive behaviour during the second RI test. Those subordinates which behaved aggressively during this test received the most numerous and serious wounds, suggesting that in the new groups their interactions with the other group members were mostly aggressive. The reduced weight of epididymal adipose tissue in dominant and aggressive subordinates may indicate that they had fought continuously. Social status or levels of fighting in a group did not affect individual weight gain or the other physiological parameters measured. The wounded animals had enlarged spleens and reduced weights of epididymal adipose tissue, which were probably the results of increased activity of the immune system and reduced welfare, respectively. In conclusion, individual aggressiveness seems to be greatly affected by the demands of the social environment. Fighting in mouse groups leading to wounded animals may have effects on physiological research parameters.

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