An Evaluation of Role of Police Forensic Science Laboratories in Countering Terrorism in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-154
Author(s):  
Farhat Ullah ◽  
Mohammed Shafiq ◽  
Asif Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Science Laboratory ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Counter Terrorism ◽  
Science Laboratories ◽  
Systematic Sampling Method

Forensic Science is a powerful tool to counter terrorism both in pre-incidence deterrence as well post-incident deterrence. The present study explores out the effectiveness of police Forensic Science Laboratory (FSL) along with the significance and its role to counter terrorism in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa - Pakistan. Data were taken by using a Structured questionnaire from 217 respondents, including 99 legal practitioners (lawyers dealing criminal cases), 54 journalists (crime reporters from the different newspapers), and 64 police personnel (from the various ranks working in police department). A stratified proportionate random sampling technique as employed to find out the sample size for each stratum while a systematic sampling method was applied to select the respondents from the three chosen sample groups. A Chi-square and Gamma tests were employed to find out the relationship between independent and dependent variable. It was found that the forensic science laboratory has a significant relationship with countering terrorism including DNA tests, crime scene photography; and fingerprints are highly effective in criminal investigation. It was concluded from the study that capacities of forensic science laboratory needed to be enhanced to counter terrorism more efficiently. The study suggests that enhancing expertise in FSL on modern scientific grounds as framed to enhance the effectiveness of the use of facilities of FSL.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with Methamphetamine/ICE use in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol VI (I) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Sameer Ul Khaliq Jan ◽  
Hamid Alam ◽  
Ayub Khan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Exam Preparation ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Chi Square Test

The present study aims to analyze the causative factors which are responsible for the use of a stimulant drug methamphetamine which is commonly known as ice. For this purpose, data were collected from the two districts, i.e. Peshawar and Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A conceptual framework consists of Independent variable (ice use frequency) and dependent variables (risk factors). Data was collected through a structured questionnaire from a sample of 180 ice users by a snowball sampling technique. A Chi-square test was applied to examine the association between independent and dependent variables. The results reveal that a significant (p=0.05) association was found between various risk factors, i.e. easy availability, friends insistence, try out new experiences/curiosity, and use of ice for exam preparation with frequent use of ice. The study recommends that awareness may be created through educational, religious institution and media for the prevention and rehabilitation of ice addiction.

scholarly journals Operationalisation of Floating Voters Hypothesis in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-60
Author(s):  
Hassan Shah ◽  
Ashfaq U. Rehman ◽  
Wajid Mehmood
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
General Election ◽  
Basic Question ◽  
The Political ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Political Awareness ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Almost All

Vote bank of almost all the political parties in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) is fluctuating in every general election. It is believed that a significant ratio of floating voters exists in KP. These voters play a significant role as key deciders in every general election. But the basic question is "who are the floating voters and how do they influence the outcomes of the general elections in KP? This study is an attempt to test the floating voters’ hypothesis in KP. For testing this hypothesis, a four variable scale that includes, decision to vote; political awareness; satisfaction from the performance of the political party and interest in political and/or party affairs is used. Data collection is done through a closed-ended survey questionnaire and a multi-stage sampling technique is used for this purpose. Data is collected from three geographical regions of KP i.e., North, Centre, and South. The study population is total voters of KP, and a representative sample of 1200 respondents is determined through a statistical formula. Chi-Square test is used for the correlations of independent and dependent variables. The analysis of data confirmed the "floating voters’ hypothesis" and identified a significant ratio of floating voters in the KP.

scholarly journals Usage and Perceived Side Effects of Personal Protective Measures against Mosquitoes among Current Users in Delhi

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charu Kohli ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
G. S. Meena ◽  
M. M. Singh ◽  
Jyotiranjan Sahoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Systematic Sampling Method

Background. Mosquito-borne diseases constitute an important cause of morbidity and mortality. The use of personal protective measures (PPM) like mats, bednets, screening, repellents, liquid vaporizers, mosquito coils, and so forth has been advocated as an effective tool in control of mosquito-borne diseases, but data about the safety profile of personal protective measures is still scarce.Objective. To study the usage and side effects of personal protective measures against mosquitoes among current users in Delhi.Materials and Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study among 350 adult individuals selected by systematic sampling method. Data was collected using pretested semistructured questionnaire after taking written informed consent. Data was analysed using SPSS version 17. Chi-square/Fisher’s Exact test was used for qualitative variables to find association andPvalue <0.05 was considered significant.Results. Out of 350 families selected, 210 belonged to rural area and 140 to urban area. Personal protective measures were used by 219 (62.5%) subjects. Liquid vaporizer was the most preferred method (41.4%). Most common perceived side effect of personal protective measures was headache (7.7%). Other perceived side effects were cough (3.2%), sore throat (2.7%), allergy (1.3%), and eye irritation (0.9%) predominantly among coil users.Conclusion. There is a need to have a close watch for side effects of personal protective measures among users. Further research is also needed to develop safe and effective personal protective measures against mosquitoes.

scholarly journals Discontinued Anti-Hypertensive medication: a case control study on the stroke patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zaid Hossain ◽  
Khan Abul Kalam Azad ◽  
Pratyay Hasan ◽  
Tahmeed Hussain ◽  
Kazi Monisur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

Though it is long known that irregular intake of antihypertensive may cause harm, but still there is much lack of awareness among the patients in this matter. This case controlled study was done in Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, to determine the relationship between discontinuation of antihypertensive drugs and the risk of stroke among hypertensive patients. Number of cases was 72. Control group was selected via random sampling of stroke free treated hypertensive group, similar in age to stroke cases. Sampling technique was random systematic sampling. The relationship was determined employing statistical methods including Chi-square (?2) test using computer programs, and significant association between discontinuation of antihypertensive and development of stroke in hypertensive adult patients was found ?2(1,N= 103) = 32.637, p<0.001. Odd’s ratio is 15.83. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v22i2.21530 J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 22, No.2, October, 2013, Page 173-178

scholarly journals Infrastructural Facility and the Students’ Academic Performance - A Critique

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adejompo Stephen Fagbohunka
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: The paper underscores the infrastructural facility and the student’s academic performance in Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria. Thirty questionnaires were administered through a systematic sampling technique in each of the six faculties making a total of 180 questionnaires. The paper has found out a positive relationship between the student’s academic performance, power supply and health facilities. However, the internet facilities and transportation facilities were not adequate, whereas water supply was adequate. A test of the impact of infrastructural facility on the student’s academic performance, using a Chi Square statistical technique revealed a significant value of 177.1 at 0.05 % level. The paper recommends that the existing facilities should be upgraded and significantly improved by the government; urgent attention should be given to the development of the internet facilities and transportation sector of the University. Also, private partnership should be encouraged in the infrastructural development of the University.

scholarly journals Menurunkan Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue dengan Pengetahuan dan Pelaksanaan Pencegahan

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Rita Sari ◽  
Anifatmawati Anifatmawati
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Relationship Of

<em>Background: DHF is still an endemic problem for people. Prevention and eradication of DHF until now has not been able to free the community from DHF. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship of knowledge and implementation of DHF prevention with the incidence of DHF in South Pringsewu in the working area of Pringsewu Public Health Center in 2015. Methods: The subjects of this study are the South Pringsewu community of 80 respondents. This research type is analytic survey, using quantitative research methods with cross sectional approach. The sampling technique in this research uses systematic sampling technique. Bivariate analysis using chi-square test with a confidence level of 95%. Results: The results of the study showed that there was a relationship between the level of knowledge and the incidence of DHF with p value 0.012 (p value &lt;0.05) and there was a correlation between the implementation of prevention with DHF incidence with p value 0.002 (p value &lt;0.05). Conclusion: The incidence of DHF is related to the factor of lack of knowledge and the implementation of prevention of DHF endemic emergence</em>

scholarly journals War against Terrorism and its Impact on Children’s Academic Performance In District Swat Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Arab Naz ◽  
Muhammad Adnan Ali ◽  
Nasim Khan Mahsud ◽  
Waseem Khan
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Behavior

Terrorism has immensely affected the lives and standard of living of common masses across the country. Such a menace gave birth to numerous apprehensions and affected lives of subject masses and adversely impacted the institutions. The current study tends to investigate the impacts of war against terrorism/militancy on children’s education, specifically on their academic performance in District Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Data has been collected from 200 children of class 9th and 10th in the target area using stratified random sampling technique through interview schedule. Besides, the analysis has been performed through SPSS, using Chi-Square test where findings of the study show that militancy and terrorism have multiple and diverse impacts upon students’ academic achievements and learning performance in the form of grading, marks’ attainment, enrollment and behavior.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN ACNE VULGARIS (JERAWAT) PADA REMAJA DI SMK TARUNA PEKANBARU TAHUN 2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
HASTUTI MARLINA ◽  
HETTY ISMAINAR
Keyword(s):  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Skin Condition ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease of the follicles pilosebaseous, characterized by comedones, papules, pustules, and nodules.The main causes of acne as yet known with certainty, but there is strong suspicion is a multifactorial disease, including heredity, hormonal balance, diet, skin condition and hygiene. Acne is a skin disease that is often found in adolescents by (85%).. Based on the results of the survey in 5 SMK Pekanbaru on class X , obtained the highest number of cases of acne that is in SMK Taruna Pekanbaru many as 113people. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of acne vulgaris in adolescents in SMK Taruna Pekanbaru 2014. The research is quantitative cross-sectional study research design that was held on 5-9 May 2014, in SMK Taruna Pekanbaru. The population this is the entire student SMK Taruna Pekanbaru class X at 302 people, and obtained a large sample of 117people, with rendom systematic sampling technique using a questionnaire measuring instruments. Data analiysis of univariate and bivariate using chi square test.The results showed that there is a relationship of knowledge obtainable, (p value = 0,006 dan POR = 3,06, 95%CI : 1,43-6,75), foods that can emergence the onset of acne obtainable (p value = 0,009 and POR = 2,88, 95%CI : 1,35-6,14, the frequency of facial wash (cleaning) obtainable (p value = 0,009 and POR = 2,88, 95%CI : 1,35-6,14) and the condition of facial skin obtainable (p value = 0,005, POR = 3,12 , 95%CI : 1,46-6,68) with incidence of acne vulgaris. It is recommended for adolescents to avoid foods that can emergence the onset of acne, skin treatment to reduce excess oil production by applying frequency facial wash (cleaning) on a regular basis.

scholarly journals Hypertension Relationship with The Incidence of Cataract in The Elderly in The Eye of dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Ida Rahmawati ◽  
Loren Juksen ◽  
Jopi Ishan Putra
Keyword(s):  
Low Vision ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Cataract is eye disease which can cause low vision and blindness. Blindness cases are highest in Indonesia and in the World due to cataract. Cataract could be happened because of degenerative factors that can be influenced by aging. Hypertension is either degenerative disease due to free radicals and decrease in antioxidant so that, can increase of lens opacity.This research aims to know the relationship between hypertension on elderly in Outpatient Eye Care Dr. M Yunus Hospital, Bengkulu Province, years 2018. This technic research used cross sectional. The subject in this research is all of elderly with cataract who getting  treatment in Outpatient Eye Care Dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu. The sampling technique uses proportional systematic sampling, obtained 90 respondents. Statistical tests using chi-square (X2). To determine the closeness of the relationship using Contingency Coefficient (C). The result of this research obtained; a) there were 29 respondents (32.2%) with hypertension and 61 respondents or 67.8% without hypertension; b) there were 27 respondents (30.0%) with mature cataract and 63 respondents or 70.0% with immature cataract. The result of Chi Square Analysis obtained p= 0.279 < α = 0.05 meaning there is no relationship between hypertention and cataract

scholarly journals ANALYZING PATIENT SATISFACTION WITH REGARDS TO PROVISION OF FREE MEDICINES IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PAKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Neelam Farid ◽  
Mussawir Shah ◽  
Akhtar Ali ◽  
Dawood Jan
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Test Statistics ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Independent Variable

Objective: To measure the association between provision of free medicines and patient satisfaction with regard to new health policy. Materials and methods: A total of 384 sampled respondents (admitted patients, Male/Female) who visited the OPD for surgical and medical components were selected through random sampling technique from three public teaching hospitals namely, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Hayatabad Medical Complex and Lady Reading Hospital in district Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa respectively. A conceptual framework consisted of independent variable namely provision of free medicines and a dependent variable patient satisfaction was tabulated and analyzed through chi-square test statistics. The multi-variate analysis of the study intimated a non –significant association between patient satisfaction and provision of free medicines controlling family type and it was found a non-spurious relationship while comparing at bi-variate level. Results: The findings revealed that any health policy with provision of special attention to patients by taking along the relevant stakeholders does yield the desired results. All these provisions may include the services with a strong mechanism of monitoring, evaluation based on reward and punishment.

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