A study of Microorganisms causing wound infections after Elective laparotomy

Any purulent discharge from a closed surgical incision, after surgery, together with signs of inflammation of the surrounding tissue should be considered as Post operative (post-op) wound infection. There are two types of wounds in elective laparotomy: clean and contaminated wound Objective: To find out most causative microorganism involved in post-op wound infection in elective laparotomy cases at the Children Hospital and The Institute of Child Health Sciences, Lahore Pakistan. Methods: It was a prospective observational study conducted on patients who developed wound infection after elective laparotomy. This study was conducted in the surgical Units I and II of Children Hospital Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan. The duration of the study was 11 months from January 2019 to November 2019. 150 patients were included in this study. Data was collected by convenient sampling technique. It was a hospital-based study in which patients from both genders were included. Data was obtained by a questionnaire. Patients were asked for wound condition and surgery details were taken to find out the reasons of wound infection. The data selected was analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. Results: Out of total 150 patients who underwent elective laparotomy, 40% patients were identified with Escherichia Coli, 13.3% patients identified with Pseudomonas species, 13.3% patients had klebsiella, 6.7% patients had Pseudomonas Florescence, 6.7% people had Acinetobacter, 6.7% had Staphylococcus aureus, 13.3% did not show any growth. Conclusions: It was concluded that most abundant microorganism isolated from patients who underwent elective laparotomy was Escherichia coli. The most common reasons for wound infection were increase in number of surgeons and increase in duration of illness.

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Removing Self-stigma: The Successes of People with Schizophrenia in Removing Self-stigma Through Self-control

ANIMA Indonesian Psychological Journal ◽

10.24123/aipj.v33i3.1691 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Franciscus Adi Prasetyo ◽

Jajang Gunawijaya

Keyword(s):

Sampling Technique ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Study Data ◽

Self Control ◽

Study Quality ◽

Data Display ◽

Case Study Approach ◽

Study Approach ◽

Depth Interviews

Self-stigma experienced by people who experience schizophrenia has influence on reduced self-esteem, on powerlessness, the weakening of hope, and a motivation towards recovery. The aim of this study is to explain the efforts of people suffering schizophrenia to manage their self-stigma through self-control, using a case study approach. Based on the purposive sampling technique, five people with schizophrenia were selected as the cases to be studied. Data collection techniques utilized in-depth interviews, observation, and documentary studies. The analysis of the study data employed the stages of data reduction, data display, and data verification. Improvement in study quality employed the triangulation of data sources by checking the data to determine its consistency. The results of this study indicate that people with schizophrenia who have the ability to self-control can overcome self-stigma through changes in the manner of viewing themselves, self-training through activities, having endurance, having an honest approach, being able to explain schizophrenia from a positive viewpoint, having initiative, and having a positive attitude and the courage to face challenges.

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Effect of Toothbrushing Simulation Method with Bass Technique on the Dental and Oral Hygiene

Babali Nursing Research ◽

10.37363/bnr.2021.2250 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 83-88

Author(s):

Inayatur Rosyidah ◽

Iva Milia Hani Rahmawati

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simulation Method ◽

Study Data ◽

Rank Test ◽

Signed Rank ◽

Signed Rank Test ◽

Study Population ◽

Independent Variable

Introduction: Toothbrushing practice is a common problem encountered in maintaining children's dental and oral hygiene. The Bass Technique introduces to improve the practice of toothbrushing and promotes dental/oral hygiene among school-aged students. This study aimed to know the effect of the toothbrushing simulation method with bass technique on the dental and oral hygiene practice in Pulo Lor III Elementary School. Methods: This was a pre-experimental study with one group pretest-posttest design. The study population was 49 students aged between 7 to 10 years old in Pulo Lor III Elementary School. Thirty students selected for the study by the purposive sampling technique. The independent variable was the toothbrushing method with the bass technique, while the dependent variable was dental and oral hygiene. An observation sheet and OHI-S questionnaire were employed to collect the study data. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test used to analyze the study data collected. Results: The result revealed after the implementation of the bass technique, the number of participants with poor practice of dental and oral hygiene was increasing by a total of 0 (0%), followed by good and moderate practice of oral hygiene with a percentage of 13 (43.3%) and 17 (56.7%), respectively (p=0.000). The dental and oral hygiene observed after and before the implementation of the bass technique was also significant, with the value of p of 0.000. Conclusion: Toothbrushing with bass technique significantly affected the dental and oral hygiene among students aged between 7 to 10 years old in Pulo Lor III Elementary School, Jombang District.

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Comparison of Working Length Determination in Mandibular Single-Rooted Teeth

Journal of Gandhara Medical and Dental Science ◽

10.37762/jgmds.8-2.164 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 19-23

Author(s):

Ruqayya Sana ◽

Farzana Rehman ◽

Rashid Javaid

Keyword(s):

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Data ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Conventional Radiograph ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Working Length ◽

The Mean ◽

Electronic Apex Locator

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to compare working length calculated with conventional radiographs and an electronic apex locator (IPEX II) during the root canal treatment of mandibular anterior teeth. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Operative Dentistry, Sardar Begum Dental Hospital, Peshawar during February and March 2018. A consecutive sampling technique was used for sampling. Only 30 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria of our study. Detailed medical and dental history was taken. Only patient fulfilling inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. RESULTS: The mean age for patients was 45.33±5.16. 33% out of 30 patients (10) were male and 20 were females. The mean working length calculated from radiographs was 22.25±1.29 (min 20.09-max 24.10). The mean working length calculated by the electronic apex locator (IPEX II) was 22.17±1.28 (min 20.00-max 24.07). The mean difference between working length calculated by radiograph and electronic apex locator was -0.084mm, which means the working length determined by radiographs and by electronic apex locator has no difference in mandibular anterior teeth with single canals. CONCLUSION: Both the methods can be used effectively in endodontics for single-rooted mandibular teeth, but if both are used in combinations can lead to an improvement in the working length accuracy, which may significantly reduce the number of radiographs exposure, and increase the success and comfort for endodontic patients. KEYWORDS: Working Length, Apex Locator, Conventional Radiograph

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Konstruksi Isu Aktual Bidang Ketahanan Nasional Untuk Pengembangan Isi Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Persekolahan

Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional ◽

10.22146/jkn.35490 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 342

Author(s):

Sri Haryati

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Civic Education ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Study Data ◽

Literature Study ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Security Issues ◽

Qualitative Descriptive ◽

Descriptive Approach ◽

Political Economic

ABSTRACTThisi study was aimed at to constructed the actual issues of national resilience ini thei developmenti of educational content of civici educationi as a description of knowledge about the actual issue of citizenship in the national resilience studies asi thei content of civici educationi in school.The research used qualitative descriptive approach. Source of informant data with purposive sampling technique, relevant document and literature study. Data collection was done throughi in-depthi interviewsi, FGD, iobservation, and documenti studyi. The validity of data was done by triangulation process of source and method. iData analysisi was done byireduction, data ipresentation, and iconclusion.Thei resultsi showedi thati the description of the content of civic education was based on the actual issues of national resilience concerning ideological, political, economic, socio-cultural and security issues in the form of basic competence study which translated into indicators to achieved the objectives of basic competence. Based on idataianalysis, it wasiinecessary to studiedi theiactual issue of national resilience to supported the content of civic education education in schoolABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkonstruksi isu aktual bidang ketahanan nasional dalam pengembangan isi pendidikan kewarganegaraan persekolahan berupa deskripsi pengetahuan tentang isu aktual kewarganegaraan bidang ketahanan nasional sebagai isi pendidikan kewarganegaraan persekolahan.Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data informan dengan teknik purposive sampling, dokumen dan kepustakaan yang relevan. Data dikumpulkan dan diolah dengan cara wawancara mendalam, FGD, observasi, dan studi dokumen. Validitas data dilakukan melalui proses trianggulasi sumber dan metode. Data dianalisis melalui reduksi data, pemyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan.Penelitian ini menemukan rumusan tentang deskripsi isi pendidikan kewarganegaraan berdasarkan isu aktual bidang ketahanan nasional yaitu tentang isu-isu ipoleksosbudhankam berupa kajian kompetensi dasar yang diterjemahkan menjadi indikator-indikator untuk mencapai tujuan dari kompetensi dasar tersebut. Berdasarkan analisis data, diperlukan kajian isu aktual ketahanan nasional untuk mendukung isi pendidikan kewarganegaraan persekolahan

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Arabic Video Lyric Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Kosakata Bahasa Arab Siswa

Ta'lim al-'Arabiyyah: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab & Kebahasaaraban ◽

10.15575/jpba.v5i1.11351 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 52-60

Author(s):

Kudsiyah Kudsiyah ◽

Lailatul Mauludiyah ◽

Murdiono Murdiono

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Research ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Study Data ◽

Fifth Grade ◽

Online Game ◽

Test Question ◽

Fifth Grade Students ◽

Paired Samples ◽

Post Test ◽

Related Sample

Video song media was a medium that presents material in the form of text and images as well as monologue sound about the material so that students can watch and listen to videos in the learning process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the video song media in increasing understanding of Arabic vocabulary. This research was a quantitative research. This research was conducted at SD Muahmmadiyah 8 KH Mas Mansur Malang. The subjects taken from this study were the VA class, which amounted to 25 students from a population of 79 students using purposive sampling technique. In this study, data collection techniques were carried out in the form of interviews, questionnaires, tests and documentation. The instrument used in the interview is the interview sheet, while the questionnaire instrument sheet is a questionnaire sheet consisting of several questions related to the video song media, the instrument sheet used in the test is a test question in the form of an interactive online game, the tests used are pretest and posttest. To find out the results of the data in this study the researcher used the T test for the related sample, while to determine the effectiveness of the video media, the researcher used the N-gain formula. The collected research data is presented with descriptive statistics in the calculation of processing using SPSS 20. As for the results and testing of the hypothesis, "the video song media was effective for improving understanding of Arabic vocabulary. This is evidenced by the results obtained from the pre-test value which is smaller than the post-test value or 85.08 <93.20. Based on the output table "Paired Samples Test" it is known that the Sig. (2-tailed) is 0.000 <0.05, meaning that the video song media can improve the understanding of Arabic vocabulary for the fifth grade students of SD Muhammadiyah 8 KH Mas Mansur Malang

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Profitability Analysis and Factors Influencing Profit Level of Small-Scale Broiler Farmers in Nigeria

Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension Economics & Sociology ◽

10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i930415 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 127-135

Author(s):

Afodu Osagie John ◽

Shobo Bolatito Adenike ◽

Ayo-Bello Taofeek Ayodeji ◽

Abasilim Chinwe Frances

Keyword(s):

Sampling Technique ◽

Educational Status ◽

Study Data ◽

Small Scale ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Logit Regression ◽

Profitability Analysis ◽

Cost Of Drugs ◽

Multistage Sampling ◽

Selection Of

Broiler birds are widely praised for its palatability and nutritious values which are mainly for meat purpose, and also serves as source of income to many households in Nigeria. The broiler industry is faced with high cost of production thereby reducing the farmers profit. The study was conducted in three Geopolitical zones in Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was adopted for this study for the selection of 540 broilers farmers out which 392 returned a well filled questionnaire where data were extracted for the study. Data for this study were analysed using descriptive (frequency and percent) budgetary analysis and inferential (Logit regression) statistics. Factors affecting the profit level of broiler farmers were age (γ1= -0.145, p= 10%), households size (γ3= -5.477, p=10%), educational status of the farmers (γ4= 0.228, p= 5%), number of birds (γ7= 0.575, p= 5%), cost of feed (γ8= -1.022, p= 1%), cost of water (γ9= -1.277, p= 1%), cost of drugs (γ10= -1.640, p= 5%) and cost of chick (γ11= -7.104, p= 1%). Young people should be encouraged to be involved in production of broiler, since agriculture has aging population and help in employment creation. Farmers should maintain a low number of households so as to increase their profit. The farmers should have some forms of education on the production of broilers so as to enhance their profit.

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ENHANCING QUALITY TEACHING THROUGH MENTORING: THE PERCEPTION OF PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN OWERRI EDUCATION ZONE OF IMO STATE

Sokoto Educational Review ◽

10.35386/ser.v13i2.204 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 245-255

Author(s):

A. C. Izuagba ◽

A. O. Afurobi ◽

J. Oruwari

Keyword(s):

Professional Development ◽

Primary School ◽

Personal Development ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Study Data ◽

School Teachers ◽

Primary School Teachers ◽

Mentoring System ◽

Area Of Study

The aim of the study was to find out the perception of teachers towards enhancing their professional and human developments through mentoring using Owerri Educational zone. The result of the study would be significant as it would provide a basis for incorporating the mentoring system into teachers' development programmes. Four research questions were formulated to guide the study. A simple random sampling technique with non-replacement balloting was used to sample hundred (900) teachers in the area of study. Data for the study were collected using a structured questionnaire relating to the topic and analysed with simple percentages The result of the analysis showed those primary school teachers were not aware of the benefits of enhancing their profession and personal development through mentoring. Teachers in the area of study had a negative perception towards enhancing their personal and professional development through mentoring by years of experience. The levels o f education, sex are not determining factors in the teacher's perception o f their professional development through mentoring. Based on the result some recommendations were made which include a review of the current development programmes of teachers to incorporate the mentoring system, and team teaching should be encouraged to facilitate networking and sharing of best practices among teachers among others.

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Comparative study on lesions of reproductive disorders of cows and female dromedary camels slaughtered at Addis Ababa, Adama and Akaki abbatoirs with bacterial isolation and characterization

10.21203/rs.3.rs-35515/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Aynalem Mandefro ◽

Tilaye Demissie Ayana ◽

Gemechu Chala Hunderra ◽

Tadesse Gidey Gebrezihar ◽

Bulto Giro Boru ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Addis Ababa ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Normal Structure ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Dromedary Camels ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Pathological Lesions ◽

Isolation And Characterization

Abstract Background: Reproduction is a basic prerequisite to efficient livestock production. Reproductive performance depends upon the normal structure and function of genital organs. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2016 to May 2017 to identify and compare the frequency of pathological lesions in the reproductive tract and to isolate bacteria associated to uterine lesions in female dromedary camels and cows slaughtered at Akaki camel slaughter house and Addis Ababa and Adama municipal abattoirs. Abattoirs were visited once per week for 28 weeks during which three to seven animals on average were slaughtered per day. A purposive sampling technique was employed to examine reproductive tracts of all slaughtered animals (280; 140 cows and 140 camels). Following gross inspection at abattoirs, tissue samples with lesion were collected for histopathological and bacteriological investigation. Result: Various pathological lesions with different degrees of severity were observed in 48 (34.2%) and 51 (36.4%) of dromedary camels and cows, respectively. Uterine lesions were the most prevalent 21.4% lesions observed in dromedary camels followed by ovarian lesions 7.14%; while in cows, ovarian lesions were the major prevalent 16.4% lesions followed by uterine lesion 14.2%. The result showed that there were 56 bacteria isolated from cows uterine lesion with Staphylococcus species 28.5%, Streptococci species 19.6%, Coynebacterium species 8.9%, Escherichia coli 26.78%, Salmonella species 10.7% and Klebsiella species 5.35% being the prominent isolates; while in camels, there were 45 bacteria isolated with Escherichia coli 35.5%, Staphylococcus species 26.6%, Streptococcus species 13.3%, Pseudomonas species 6.6 %, Proteus species 4.4%, Salmonella species 8.8% and Klebsiella species 4.4% being the most frequently isolated. The result showed that the major isolates were similar with slightly higher in cows. Histopathologically, endometrial glands degeneration, sloughing of epithelium, peri-glandular cuffing and infiltrations of inflammatory cell were some of characteristic changes observed in uterus. Conclusions: Pathological lesions in reproductive organs in female dromedary camels and cows showed great prevalence, with similarity in bacterial isolates between the two species. The role of each reproductive lesions and bacterial isolates incriminated as causes of reproductive failures in this livestock species needs further investigation.

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ANALISIS PENGARUH MANAJEMEN RISIKO TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS (Studi Komparatif Pada Bank Umum Konvensional dan Bank Umum Syariah yang Terdaftar di OJK Periode 2012 – 2015)

Jurnal Profita ◽

10.22441/profita.2018.v11.01.001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 001

Author(s):

Hafidz Ridho Ansori ◽

Safira Almunawar

Keyword(s):

Commercial Bank ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Banking System ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Total Sample ◽

Study Data ◽

Capital Adequacy ◽

Financial Ratios ◽

Islamic Banks

Risk management is a good potential events that can be predicted and unpredicted negative impact on income and capital of the Bank. Financial ratios are an alternative to test whether financial ratios useful for making predictions on future profitability. CAR, NPL and LDR is a measure of the ability to predict profitability. Sampling technique used is purposive sampling with criteria Conventional Commercial Bank do / unlock (Dual Banking System) Islamic Banks serving the financial statements of the period 2012 to 2015. The data obtained by the publication of the FSA Directory. Obtained a total sample of 16 with the division 8 8 Conventional Commercial Bank and Commercial Bank Syariah. The independent variables in this study is the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non performace loans (NPLs) and loan to deposit ratio (LDR) while Return on Assets (ROA) as the dependent variable. Methods of data collection in this study is documentation and literature. During the period show that the study data were normally distributed. Based on the test multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity test and autocorrelation test found no deviation from the classical assumption, it indicates that the available data are qualified to use a multiple linear regression model. The comparison of this study showed that the CAR and NPL variable Conventional Commercial Bank affect the ROA, LDR whereas no effect. In contrast to the conventional, all variables Islamic Banks are CAR, LDR and NPL effect on ROA.

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Pengaruh Penggunaan Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS) Eksperimen Laju Reaksi Berbasis Inkuiri Terbimbing Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas XI MIA SMAN 4 Padang

JURNAL EKSAKTA PENDIDIKAN (JEP) ◽

10.24036/jep/vol3-iss1/319 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 75

Author(s):

Margarita Claudya Maida ◽

Bayharti Bayharti ◽

Andromeda Andromeda

Keyword(s):

Reaction Rate ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Learning Outcome ◽

Study Data ◽

Control Group ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Guided Inquiry ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Average Value ◽

Quasi Experimental

This study aims to reveal the effect of using guided inquiry based experiment worksheet on reaction rate topic on students� learning outcome. This research is a quasi-experimental research, using randomized Posttest Only Control Group Design. The research sample consisted of two classes, namely the experiment class and control class obtained through cluster sampling technique. The population were students of class XI MIA SMAN 4 Padang as much as 6 classes, the academic year 2015/2016. Sample were class XI MIA 1 (experimental group) and class XI MIA 3 (control group). Learning outcome ware collected by tests at the end of the study. Data analysis showed that the experiments class learning with guided inquiry based experiment worksheet got learning outcome with average value of 86.27. Meanwhile learning outcomes of student in control class who learned without guided inquiry based experiment worksheet was 74.40. Both of Normality and Homogenous�s results showed that the distribution of the two experimental classes were normal and homogeneous. After the t-test on the real level of 0.05 was found that tcount is greater than ttable. It�s means that research hypothesis (H1) is accepted, so that it can be concluded that the results of student learning using student worksheet guided inquiry-based reaction rate is significantly higher than the student worksheet without a reaction rate-based guided inquiry.

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