scholarly journals VITAMIN D NANOCAPSULATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 98-105
Author(s):  
Taisiya S. Gutnova ◽  
Dmitry V. Kompantsev ◽  
Alexey A. Gvozdenko ◽  
Vasily N. Kramarenko ◽  
Andrey V. Blinov
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
The Body ◽  
Optimal Composition ◽  
Quantitative Content ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Biopharmaceutical Properties ◽  
Selection Of

The main objective of the planned experiment is to obtain a stabilized nanoemulsion of vitamin D3, followed by obtaining nanocapsules of vitamin D3 with a high biological potential, as well as to analyze the spatial (dimensional) characteristics, to study the stability and stability of the resulting product. In the presented study, the physicochemical and technological properties of the vitamin D substance were studied and the optimal ultradispersion mode was selected. The composition is experimentally established and a technology for obtaining laboratory samples of nanocapsules is proposed. The shape and size of the obtained nanocapsules with vitamin D were studied. Based on the developed experimental model, the optimal composition of nanocapsules was obtained. The quantitative content of vitamin D3 in the analyzed sample of nanocapsules was 76.9% with a holding time of 2.0 min. The results of studying the stability and stability of vitamin D nanocapsules proved their stability for 12 months. The developed vitamin D nanocapsules are a way of modifying the vitamin D substance for the subsequent production of tablets with improved biopharmaceutical properties. The selection of the composition of excipients based on the prediction of their properties, as well as the technology for producing nanocapsules, allows to increase the duration of the therapeutic effect while simultaneously reducing the maximum concentration of the drug in the body. The optimal composition of solubilizers for achieving a more complete, rapid and targeted dissolution of the active substance in a given part of the intestine has been experimentally confirmed. The aim of the study is to obtain a quality drug with improved properties such as adequate bioavailability, safety, low toxicity, no side effects and controlled release.

scholarly journals Prevention of Advanced Cancer by Vitamin D3 Supplementation: Interaction by Body Mass Index Revisited

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1408
Author(s):  
Hermann Brenner ◽  
Sabine Kuznia ◽  
Clarissa Laetsch ◽  
Tobias Niedermaier ◽  
Ben Schöttker
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation

Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated a protective effect of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) supplementation against cancer mortality. In the VITAL study, a RCT including 25,871 men ≥ 50 years and women ≥ 55 years, protective effects of vitamin D3 supplementation (2000 IU/day over a median of 5.3 years) with respect to incidence of any cancer and of advanced cancer (metastatic cancer or cancer death) were seen for normal-weight participants but not for overweight or obese participants. We aimed to explore potential reasons for this apparent variation of vitamin D effects by body mass index. We conducted complementary analyses of published data from the VITAL study on the association of body weight with cancer outcomes, stratified by vitamin D3 supplementation. Significantly increased risks of any cancer and of advanced cancer were seen among normal-weight participants compared to obese participants in the control group (relative risk (RR), 1.27; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07–1.52, and RR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.04–1.97, respectively). No such patterns were seen in the intervention group. Among those with incident cancer, vitamin D3 supplementation was associated with a significantly reduced risk of advanced cancer (RR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.74–0.99). The observed patterns point to pre-diagnostic weight loss of cancer patients and preventive effects of vitamin D3 supplementation from cancer progression as plausible explanations for the body mass index (BMI)—intervention interactions. Further research, including RCTs more comprehensively exploring the potential of adjuvant vitamin D therapy for cancer patients, should be pursued with priority.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Exclusively Breast Fed Infants in Suburban Area Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (44) ◽  
pp. 3730-3735
Author(s):  
Rohit Kumar Agrawal ◽  
Preeti Sharma ◽  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Mehek Jaggi ◽  
Rachna Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Skin Pigmentation ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended up to 6 months of age with all its beneficial effects on child survival. Several studies have shown that adequate intake of vitamin D cannot be met with human milk as the sole source of vitamin D, although risk factors for developing vitamin D deficiency may be low maternal levels of vitamin D, indoor confinement during the day, living at higher altitudes, living in urban areas with tall buildings, air pollution, darker skin pigmentation, use of sunscreen and covering much over the body when outside. An infant who is entirely on breastfeeding and has minimal to no exposure to sunlight is more prone to the development of hypovitaminosis-D. The main purpose of the study was to identify the prevalence & high-risk groups of hypovitaminosis D in exclusively breastfed babies. METHODS It was a cross-sectional observational study consisting of 30 entirely breastfed healthy full-term babies with a birth weight > 2.5 kg. Babies born to mothers with a history of pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, antepartum haemorrhage, tuberculosis, and other chronic medical illnesses were excluded from the study. The period of study was from 1st August 2019 to 30th September 2019. Their serum vitamin D3, serum calcium, serum phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase levels were measured using appropriate methods. RESULTS In our study, 25 infants out of 30 came out as vitamin D deficient. The prevalence of vitamin D3 was found to be 83 %. CONCLUSIONS Breastfeeding is of utmost importance but the nutritional status of the mother, proper exposure to the sun, and vitamin D supplementation are the factors that should be taken care of for the prevention of hypovitaminosis D. KEY WORDS Vitamin D3, Hypovitaminosis D, Exclusive Breast Feeding, term babies, infants, Sun Exposure, Rickets

scholarly journals Exploring Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) Towards Vitamin D among Arts and Commerce Students in Vistas Chennai

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
M. Varaprasanna Rao ◽  
Mashhud Alam
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Knowledge Domain ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Commerce Students ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Introduction: Vitamin D is an essential nutrient and a group of fat-soluble pro-hormones with multiple functions in the body including bone health, regulation of serum calcium and phosphate levels, as well as roles in immune function, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The two major biologically inert precursors of vitamin D are vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) and vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol). Vitamin D3 is also formed when the skin is exposed to solar ultraviolet B and then converted to pre-vitamin D3 (Sunshine Vitamin). The severe vitamin D deficiency in adults and children’s causes softening of bones, muscle weakness and fractures. Aim: The aim of the study is to explore knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Vitamin D among Arts & Commerce students in Vels University Chennai. Methods and Materials: The study was a prospective cross-sectional, carried out in the department of arts and commerce students in VISTAS Chennai. The questionnaire then underwent a series of validation process that included content, face validity and exploratory part. Item response theory (IRT) analysis was utilized for the validation of the knowledge domain. Exploratory factor Analysis (EFA) used for attitude and practice validation. Institutional Ethical Committee (VISTAS-SPS/IEC/VI/2020/05) approval was obtained before conducting the study. Self-online questionnaires link was sent via mail after registration. The questionnaire was divided based on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice with 5 questions each. Completed questionnaires were reviewed, entered into a database (SPSS) and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results and Discussion: In our study, a total of 362 students were included where majority were males from first year commerce department around 18 to 19 years of age. Majority of the students had knowledge on vitamin D, attitude towards every day sun exposure and practice of using sun screens. Conclusion: Our study concluded that the students’ knowledge on vitamin D is good. There was an inconsistent practices towards managing its deficiency. Despite widespread, concern about vitamin D, still attitude and practice towards Vitamin D is yet to known for young generations.

scholarly journals Encapsulation efficiency of vitamin D3 in α-lactalbumin during storage

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (S3) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
A.R. Nareswara ◽  
A.Z. Alamsyah ◽  
D.N. Afifah ◽  
B. Panunggal ◽  
M. Sulchan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Cool Temperature ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Scanning Electron

Vitamin D deficiency causes rickets in children and will precipitate and exacerbate osteopenia, osteoporosis, and fractures in adults. It has been associated with increased risk of common cancers, autoimmune diseases, hypertension, and infectious diseases. A circulating level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D of >75 nmol/L, or 30 ng/mL, is required. Fortification program of vitamin D in daily food products is one of an effective way to increase vitamin D in food. Since vitamin D is a sensitive vitamin, encapsulation of αlactalbumin is needed to protect it from the environments, such as light, heat, and oxidation. In this study, vitamin D3 was encapsulated with α-lactalbumin. The objective was to obtain the stability and the structure of vitamin D3 encapsulated with α-lactalbumin. Encapsulation efficiency (EE) measured by UV-VIS spectrophotometer with wavelength of 264 nm. Structure of vitamin D3 encapsulated with alpha-lactalbumin obtained by scanning electron microscope (SEM) with four different magnification. In this study, vitamin D3 attached inside α-lactalbumin as seen by SEM. The morphology showed the hydrophobic binds between vitamin D3 and α-lactalbumin. Vitamin D3 was successfully encapsulated with α-lactalbumin with an EE 94.89%. The highest EE was from the vitamin D3/α-lactalbumin ratio 5:1. The coating of α-lactalbumin increased the solubility of vitamin D3 in the system. System stored in a cool temperature (5oC). The encapsulation efficiency of the system is 16.44% on the seventh day. It means that it decreases a lot from 100% to 16.44% in seventh day and proof that attachment between the system is weak. Finally, it can conclude that the encapsulation efficiency of α-lactalbumin is high, but the shelf-life is short and attachment between the system is week.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Serum Vitamin D Level and Psychosomatic Symptoms in Females in Mosul City

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janan A. Alrefaee ◽  
Ban K. Rushdi ◽  
Ghada K. Adeeb
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Psychosomatic Symptoms ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Before And After

Background: A widespread severe deficiency of vitamin D (vit D) exists in Iraq, especially among women of reproductive age. Depression or anxiety is related to deficiency of vit D. These patients may present with psychosomatic symptoms which are symptoms with no sufficient organic cause in the body but from psychological causality. The study aimed to investigate the serum level of vit D in females with psychosomatic symptoms residing in Mosul City, Iraq and explore the effect of vitamin D3 (vit D3) supplements for treating psychosomatic symptoms. Methods: A total of 73 female patients aged 15–45 years presented with several symptoms. All patients underwent physical examination and psychiatric interviews. Patients with minimal to mild depression were selected. All included patients underwent investigation of first serum vit D level. The supplementation with vitamin D3 was started. The second serum vit D level was investigated at first post-improvement visit. Results: In the improved group, the post-supplementation serum vit D level was higher than that before the supplementation (p = 0.00). In addition, the vit D serum difference before and after its supplementation was greater in the improved group than the nonimproved one (p = 0.00). Patients not only experienced improvement in their mood swings, but also recovered from other recorded symptoms such as headache, fatigue, tiredness, and joint pain. Conclusion: This study revealed a noticeable association concerning serum levels of 25-OH D and mild depression in addition to psychosomatic symptoms in females living in Mosul City. Supplementation with suitable loading vit D3 dosages improved these symptoms showing a probable causal relationship.

Polymeric advanced delivery systems for antineoplasic drugs: doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil

e-Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Jesús Villarreal-Gómez ◽  
Aracely Serrano-Medina ◽  
Erick José Torres-Martínez ◽  
Graciela Lizeth Perez-González ◽  
José Manuel Cornejo-Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Controlled Drug Release ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Site Of Action ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
The Right ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractConventional pharmaceuticals generally display the inability to transport active ingredients directly to specific regions of the body, amongst some of their main limitations. The distribution of the drugs in the circulatory system may lead to undesired toxicity, and therefore, adverse reactions. To address this situation, a selective transport of drugs is required, that is, releasing drugs specifically to the site of action in appropriate concentrations and in the right time. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to develop delivery systems that respond to several features, such as low toxicity, optimum properties for the transport and release of the drug, as well as a long half-life in the body. This feature paper critically provides an overview of different strategies of controlled drug release for two model antineoplasic drugs, i.e. doxorubicin (DOX) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Any of the presented strategies for drug release possess advantages and disadvantages, and the selection of the strategy used will depend on the targeted tissue and nature of the drug.

The Metabolism of Isotopically Labelled Vitamin D3 in Man: The Influence of the State of Vitamin D Nutrition

1971 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Barbara Mawer ◽  
G. A. Lumb ◽  
K. Schaefer ◽  
S. W. Stanbury
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Serum Pool ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Individual

1. The metabolism of radioactive vitamin D3 has been studied in individuals low or deficient in vitamin D (group I) and in vitamin D treated subjects (group II). 2. In group I there was a smaller serum pool of vitamin D, turning over more rapidly than in group II. The principal metabolite, peak IV, appeared more rapidly in the serum of group I; the level of radioactivity attained in this and in the more polar metabolites, peak V and VI, was also higher than in group II. Peak VI was the major radioactive component in serum after 100 days. 3. Vitamin D treatment of individuals in group I converted the pattern of metabolism of radioactive vitamin D3 to that characteristic of group II. This effect was observed in healthy individuals and in patients with vitamin D deficiency or with chronic renal failure. 4. The metabolic disposal of vitamin D entering the body appears to be determined by the state of vitamin D nutrition in the individual. Reported changes of vitamin D metabolism in diseases such as renal failure could be determined by the nutritional state of the patients studied rather than by the primary disease.

scholarly journals Vitamin D3 increases in abdominal subcutaneous fat tissue after supplementation with vitamin D3

2015 ◽  
Vol 172 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Didriksen ◽  
Anders Burild ◽  
Jette Jakobsen ◽  
Ole Martin Fuskevåg ◽  
Rolf Jorde
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat Tissue

ObjectiveThe objective was to assess the amount of vitamin D3stored in adipose tissue after long-term supplementation with high dose vitamin D3.DesignA cross-sectional study on 29 subjects with impaired glucose tolerance who had participated in a randomized controlled trial with vitamin D320 000 IU (500 μg) per week vs placebo for 3–5 years.MethodsAbdominal subcutaneous fat tissue was obtained by needle biopsy for the measurements of vitamin D3and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3(25(OH)D3). Body fat was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and serum 25(OH)D3level was quantified.ResultsIn the subjects given vitamin D3, the median concentrations of serum 25(OH)D3, fat vitamin D3, and fat 25(OH)D3were 99 nmol/l, 209 ng/g, and 3.8 ng/g, respectively; and correspondingly in the placebo group 62 nmol/l, 32 ng/g, and 2.5 ng/g. If assuming an equal amount of vitamin D3stored in all adipose tissue in the body, the median body store was 6.6 mg vitamin D3and 0.12 mg 25(OH)D3in those given vitamin D3.ConclusionsSubcutaneous adipose tissue may store large amounts of vitamin D3. The clinical importance of this storage needs to be determined.

Vitamin D3 supplementation improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients: Results from an Italian clinical trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Derosa ◽  
Angela D’Angelo ◽  
Chiara Martinotti ◽  
Maria Chiara Valentino ◽  
Sergio Di Matteo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Abstract. Background: to evaluate the effects of Vitamin D3 on glyco-metabolic control in type 2 diabetic patients with Vitamin D deficiency. Methods: one hundred and seventeen patients were randomized to placebo and 122 patients to Vitamin D3. We evaluated anthropometric parameters, glyco-metabolic control, and parathormone (PTH) value at baseline, after 3, and 6 months. Results: a significant reduction of fasting, and post-prandial glucose was recorded in Vitamin D3 group after 6 months. A significant HbA1c decrease was observed in Vitamin D3 (from 7.6% or 60 mmol/mol to 7.1% or 54 mmol) at 6 months compared to baseline, and to placebo (p < 0.05 for both). At the end of the study period, we noticed a change in the amount in doses of oral or subcutaneous hypoglycemic agents and insulin, respectively. The use of metformin, acarbose, and pioglitazone was significantly lower (p = 0.037, p = 0.048, and p = 0.042, respectively) than at the beginning of the study in the Vitamin D3 therapy group. The units of Lispro, Aspart, and Glargine insulin were lower in the Vitamin D3 group at the end of the study (p = 0.031, p = 0.037, and p = 0.035, respectively) than in the placebo group. Conclusions: in type 2 diabetic patients with Vitamin D deficiency, the restoration of value in the Vitamin D standard has led not only to an improvement in the glyco-metabolic compensation, but also to a reduced posology of some oral hypoglycemic agents and some types of insulin used.

Assessment of the Dietary Intakes of 6- and 12-Month-Old Infants in Saudi Arabia

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Riyadh A. Alzaheb ◽  
Norah Alatawi ◽  
Khawla A. Daoud ◽  
Naema Altawil
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Dietary Survey ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
24 Hour Recall ◽  
Adequate Nutrient ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract.Background: Establishing understanding of infants’ dietary intakes can support interventions to improve their diets and overall health. Because information on the dietary intakes of infants aged ≤12 months in Saudi Arabia is scarce, this study examined the diets of infants aged 6 and 12 months in Saudi Arabia and determined their main dietary sources of total energy and macronutrients. Methods: A crosssectional dietary survey employing a single 24-hour recall was performed between May and December 2015 with a sample of mothers of 278 healthy 6-month-old and 259 12-month-old infants. An analysis of the dietary intake data determined the nutrient intake adequacy and the percentage contributions of foods to energy and macronutrient intakes. Results: The respective mean daily energy intakes of the 6-month-old and 12-month-old infants in the study were 703 kcal and 929 kcal. Both age groups recorded adequate nutrient intakes, with the exception that the 6-month-olds’ mean vitamin D intake fell below the recommended Adequate Intake (AI), and the 12-month-olds’ intakes of omega-6 fatty acids and vitamin D were also below the AI, along with their iron intake which fell short of the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). Conclusion: The data generated here will assist health professionals in planning interventions which aim to improve infants’ diets and to offer guidance to parents on the appropriate selection of food for their infants.

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