Profitability Analysis of Tree Growing in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania

This study aimed at determining the extent to which the smallholder tree growers benefit from tree growing activities. It strove to accomplish the following: (i) analyse costs and benefits associated with tree growing activities; (ii) determine profitability indices; and (iii) assess economic status of respondents in the study area. Stratified random sampling technique was used to draw respondents. Mixed research methods for data collection were employed: household survey using semistructured questionnaire, key informants’ interviews, focus group discussions, and researcher’s direct observation. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Microsoft Excel computer programmes. Profitability was analysed by gross profit margin (GPM) and return on investment (ROI). Findings suggested that tree growing activities are profitable with GPM of 21% and ROI of 26%. ANOVA results showed no statistical difference within study districts between tree growers and non-tree growers. The possible explanation of this situation could be that tree growers have not invested much the benefits they get from tree growing into asset endowment. ANOVA results on household income revealed a similar pattern except in Njombe DC where there was a statistical significant difference in household income between tree growers and non-tree growers (F (1, 64) = 5.989, P = 0.017 ). The effect size of the difference is medium (Eta = 0.08). It is concluded that tree growing activities in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania are economically profitable.

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Emotional Intelligence and Self Esteem in Male and Female School Students

International Journal of Indian Psychology ◽

10.25215/0402.153 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Dr. Syeda Razia Bukhari ◽

Syeda Ishrat Fatima ◽

Amenah Rashid ◽

Farhana Saba

Keyword(s):

Emotional Intelligence ◽

Economic Status ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Self Esteem ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Male And Female ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

Cross Sectional Design

The aim of the research is to investigate that emotional intelligence and self-esteem in male and female school students. The present research design is research cross sectional design. Sample contained 200 students (100 =male, 100= female) (mean age = 14.16, SD = 0.740) all belonging to the upper, middle and lower Scio economic status. Whole sample was collected from different schools of Karachi, Pakistan with the help of convenient sampling technique. First, the confidentiality about the participants demographic information was assured after that about the purpose and procedure of research explained to participants. The participants who given consent of participation in research, the demographic form, Urdu version of Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965), and Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue) (K.V. Petrides) were administered on them. Statistical Analysis (t-Test for independent) applied to assess the difference of emotional intelligence and self esteem among male and female.The results reveals there is significant difference among emotional intelligence of male and female school students (t (198) = 6.597, P< .05) and there is also significant difference in self esteem of male and female school students (t (198) = 2.837, P< .05).

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Stability and mutual impact of perception of parental pressure and infants' social support – A study based on the difference between employment status and household income

International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education ◽

10.1177/0020720921997059 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 002072092199705

Author(s):

Yong Wang

Keyword(s):

Household Income ◽

Employment Status ◽

Working Mothers ◽

Social Research ◽

Research Report ◽

Parental Pressure ◽

Income Levels ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

The Stability

The purpose of this study is to explore the stability and interaction between parental pressure and social research report, as well as the role of employment status and family income levels in this process. This study used a special study on Korean children (PSKC) 2–4 waves. Use t-test, correlation and autoregressive cross-delay modeling to analyze the data. The main findings of this study are: First, over time, parental pressure and mother’s social research report are consistent. Secondly, the pressure of motherhood and childcare has an obvious lagging effect on upbringing, and vice versa. Third, there is no significant difference between working mothers and non-working mothers in terms of the stability of working parents' pressure, social research report and social research report for children's pressure channels. However, parental pressure can only predict the social research report of working mothers. Fourth, there is no significant difference between the stability and interaction of these two structures in household income levels. In short, the results show that, over time, parental pressure is consistent with mother’s social research report. The results also show that there is a significant cross-lag effect between the mothers’ perceptions of mutual pressure analysis. In the process from parental pressure to social research report, I found the difference between working and non-working mothers. The advantage of this study is that the expected longitudinal design was adopted during infancy and the priority between the two structures can be considered. The results of this study can be used as a source of intervention plans to help parents withstand severe parenting pressure and lack of social research report.

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Study of Maternal and Fetal Outcome among Booked and Unbooked Patients at tertiary Hospital

Birat Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.3126/bjhs.v5i2.31376 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 1027-1030

Author(s):

Shanti Sunuwar Subedi ◽

Rakina Bhansakarya ◽

Sajjan Kumar Sharma

Keyword(s):

Sampling Technique ◽

Secondary Level ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Fetal Outcome ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference

Introduction: To evaluate the maternal and perinatal outcome in booked and unbooked cases. Objectives: To assess the maternal and fetal outcomes in unbooked and booked patients. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional comparative study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology from Augustti2019 to January 2020. Using a convenient sampling technique, 204 samples were taken and cross-sectional study was done. Results: There were total 204 cases in this study;102were booked and 102 were unbooked. In this study, 85(83%) of booked cases were educated up to secondary level as compared toti65 (64%) of unbooked cases. There was no significant difference in Apgar score in 1 and 5 minute between booked and unbooked cases. More babies in the unbooked group were transferred to NICU as compared to the booked group and the difference was significant (9.8%vs 1.9%). Greater proportion of booked cases had spontaneous vaginal delivery (81.3% vs 59.8%) and complications like preterm delivery, anemia, preeclampsia/ eclampsia, complicated labor and puerperal sepsis was also less in the booked group. Conclusions: The study showed that unbooked mothers and their newborns had higher chance of having complications.

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Differences in Self-Concept of Students from Intact Families And Non-Intact Families

Jurnal Aplikasi IPTEK Indonesia ◽

10.24036/4.33282 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 151-158

Author(s):

Monika Veronika ◽

Afdal Afdal

Keyword(s):

Sampling Technique ◽

Total Sample ◽

Self Concept ◽

Counseling Services ◽

Individual Counseling ◽

Guidance Services ◽

Intact Families ◽

Self Confidence ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference

This research is motivated by the phenomenon of the number of students from non-intact families lacking self-confidence, thus causing him to be less able to see himself positively. The purpose of this study is to see the difference in self-concept of students from intact families and families not intact. This research is a quantitative type of research with a comparative descriptive method. The population in this study were all students of SMP 25 Padang in the 2018/2019 academic year, totaling 744 students. The total sample of 260 students (150 students from intact families and 110 students from non-intact families) was selected using the Stratified Random Sampling technique. The research instrument used was a Likert scale questionnaire. Data were analyzed by percentage formula technique and formula t test with the help of SPSS for Windows 16. 0. The results revealed that (1) self-concept of students from intact families were in the high category (2) self-concept of students from non-intact families in the category quite high, and (3) there is a significant difference between the self-concept of students from intact families and non-intact families with a significant level of 0,000. Based on the results of the study it was suggested to counselors to be able to provide guidance and counseling services, information services, individual counseling services, group guidance services and group counseling services to students from non-intact families, in order to help students realize positive self-concepts.

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DIASTASIS RECTI AMONG PREGNANT AND POSTPARTUM WOMEN IN KANO, NIGERIA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Pakistan Journal of Rehabilitation ◽

10.36283/pjr.zu.6.1/003 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 15-20

Author(s):

Fatima Bichi ◽

Dr. Shumaila Hanif

Keyword(s):

Post Partum ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Postpartum Women ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Common Location ◽

Diastasis Recti ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference

Diastasis Recti (DR) is a common muscular condition often present during and after pregnancy. This cross-sectional correlational study investigated the prevalence of DR among pregnant and postpartum women. A total of 250 pregnant and postpartum women were recruited using convenience sampling technique from obstetrics and gynaecology department, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. Age, body mass, height, BMI, parity, trimester, duration of DR postpartum, location of DR and DR status was recorded for each participant. Presence of DR was confirmed using the finger width method. Descriptive statistics of mean, SD, percentage were used to describe the data and determine the prevalence. Inferential statistics of Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation were used to analyse the relationship between prevalence of DR and age, parity and duration of DR postpartum. Chi square was computed to determine the difference in prevalence of DR across trimesters. The result of this study indicated high prevalence of DR in post-partum and pregnant women (84% and 64.7% respectively); the most common location of DR was at the umbilicus in both pregnant and postpartum women. Prevalence of DR was high among the multigravida; and a significant relationship was found between prevalence of DR and age and parity of participants. There was a significant difference in prevalence of DR across the trimesters. It can be concluded that prevalence of DR among pregnant and postpartum women is high; age and parity are determinants of DR prevalence. Evaluation of DR should be considered as routine assessment in both pregnant and postpartum women.

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Kecemasan Siswa dalam Ujian Praktik Kejuruan Ditinjau dari Jenis Kelamin

Jurnal Aplikasi IPTEK Indonesia ◽

10.24036/4.14334 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 43-49

Author(s):

Tyesa Sri Handayuni ◽

Ifdil Ifdil

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Research ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Female Students ◽

Vocational School ◽

School Students ◽

Test Technique ◽

Male And Female ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

Exam Anxiety

Anxiety is an unpleasant emotion that is characterized by worry and fear. A lot of subject matter is memorized and learning tends to be boring make students suppressed and can cause anxiety to accumulate during exams. This study aims to analyzed exam anxiety among vocational school students in professional placement based on male and female, and identify the differences exam anxiety among vocational school students in professional placement based on gender. This research is quantitative research with descriptive and comparative methods. With a sample of 115 students using a proportional random sampling technique. Data obtained by providing instrument kecemasan siswa dalam menghadapi ujian praktik kejuruan. Data were analyzed descriptively by determining the mean, standard deviation and percentage. To see the difference in anxiety among vocational school students in professional placement based on male and female was used the t-test technique with analyze Independent Samples Test. The results showed that exam anxiety among vocational school students in professional placement of male students was generally in the low category and exam anxiety among vocational school students in professional placement of female students was generally in the high category and there was a significant difference between the exam anxiety among vocational school students in professional placement of male and female students. This research shows the need for efforts to reduce exam anxiety among vocational school students in professional placement of students so that students can exam effectively.

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THE IMPLEMENTATION OF POE2WE MODEL USING SCIENTIFIC APPROACH IN LINEAR LEARNING IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Prosiding SNFA (Seminar Nasional Fisika dan Aplikasinya) ◽

10.20961/prosidingsnfa.v3i0.28546 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 196

Author(s):

Nana Nana

Keyword(s):

High Schools ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Learning Model ◽

Model Learning ◽

School Year ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Scientific Approach ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference ◽

Pbl Model

Abstract: This research aimed to find out and to analyze the difference between the students receiving learning using the scientific approach with POE2WE model and those receiving PBL learning model, and to find out the model effectiveness of Physical learning in Senior High Schools. The sample of research was the students of Senior High Schools in Ciamis Regency taken randomly (using a random sampling technique). The research method employed was a comparative study conducted in several schools in Ciamis Regency becoming the model of the 2013 curriculum application in the school year of 2013/2014 in the Linear Movement Material of Tenth Grade. To collect the data, several research instruments were used: pre-test and post-test, student questionnaire, observation on the implementation of POE2WE model learning and interview to get the teachers’ response. The data were analyzed using the t-test to see the difference of normalized gain in two groups. The result of research showed that there was a significant difference the students receiving learning using a scientific approach with POE2WE model and those receiving PBL learning model. The data showed that the mean scores of pretest and posttest for the learning using POE2WE model and the one using the PBL model were 42.50 and 29.93, respectively and there was an increase in the mean class learning outcome with N-gain = 0.8 (high category) for POE2WE model and N-gain = 0.5 (medium category) for the PBL model. The effectiveness test obtained Sign value (2-tailed) (0.000) < α (0.05) meaning that POE2WE model was more effective than the PBL model.

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Pengaruh metode latihan dan koordinasi mata-tangan terhadap hasil keterampilan servis atas bola voli

Jurnal Keolahragaan ◽

10.21831/jk.v5i1.12773 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 100

Author(s):

Yohana Bela Christian Sari ◽

Guntur Guntur

Keyword(s):

Sampling Technique ◽

Training Methods ◽

Training Method ◽

Massed Practice ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Research Population ◽

Practice Method ◽

Hand Coordination ◽

The Difference

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) perbedaan pengaruh metode massed practice dan metode manipulasi jarak servis terhadap hasil keterampilan servis atas (top spin) bola voli (2) perbedaan hasil servis atas (top spin) bola voli yang memiliki koordinasi mata-tangan tinggi dan koordinasi mata-tangan rendah terhadap hasil keterampilan servis atas (top spin) bola voli, dan (3) interaksi antara metode latihan dan koordinasi mata-tangan terhadap hasil keterampilan servis atas (top spin) bola voli. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan eksperimen dengan rancangan faktorial 2 x 2. Populasi penelitian ini adalah anak latih ekstrakurikuler SMP di Kalasan Sleman Yogyakarta, yang berjumlah 42 orang. Sampel penelitian ini 22 diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan tes koordinasi mata-tangan dan servis atas bola voli dengan menggunakan tes russlle-lange volleyball serve test. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Anava. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) ada perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan antara latihan servis atas dengan menggunakan metode latihan massed practice dan metode latihan manipulasi jarak terhadap hasil servis atas (top spin) bola voli, (2) ada perbedaan yang signifikan hasil servis atas (top spin) bola voli antara anak latih yang memiliki koordinasi mata-tangan tinggi dan koordinasi mata-tangan rendah, dan (3) ada interaksi antara metode latihan servis atas dan koordinasi mata-tangan terhadap hasil servis atas bola voli.Kata kunci: massed practice dan manipulasi jarak, koordinasi mata-tangan, hasil servis atas (top spin) bola voli. The Effects of Training Method and Eye-Hand Coordination on the Results of Volleyball Serving Skill AbstractThis study aims to investigate: (1) the difference of the effects of massed practice method and serving distance manipulation method on the results of volleyball topspin serving skill, (2) the difference of the effects of the volleyball topspin serving with high eye-hand coordination and low eye-hand coordination on the results of volleyball topspin serving skill, and (3) the interaction between the training method and eye-hand coordination on the results of volleyball topspin serving skill. The study employed experimental method with a 2 x 2 factorial design. The research population comprised students joining the extracurricular of volleyball at SMP Kalasan, Sleman, Yogyakarta, with a total of 42 students. The sample consisted of 22 students, selected by means of purposive sampling technique. All data obtained through this study to test and measure eye-hand coordination tests and results of volleyball topspin serving were measured by Russell-Lange volleyball serving test. The data were analyzed by ANOVA. The results of the study are as follows. (1) There is a significant difference of the effects of topspin serving training through the massed practice training method and the distance manipulation training method on the results of volleyball topspin serving. (2) There is a significant difference in the results of volleyball topspin serving between the students with high eye-hand coordination and those with low eye-hand coordination. (3) There is an interaction between the serving training methods and eye-hand coordination on the results of volleyball topspin serving.Keywords: massed practice and serving distance manipulation methods, eye-hand coordination, results of volleyball topspin serving

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THE EFFECT OF MIND MAPPING LEARNING METHODS ON SOCIAL STUDIES MATERIALS COMPREHENSION OF STUDENTS

International Journal Pedagogy of Social Studies ◽

10.17509/ijposs.v4i1.15704 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 23-32

Author(s):

Firda Ratna Dila

Keyword(s):

Social Studies ◽

Junior High School ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Control Group ◽

Mind Mapping ◽

Learning Methods ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Difference

This study aims to examine the effect of mind mapping learning methods on social studies materials comprehension of students at Baleendah 2nd Junior High School. This study used a quasi-experimental method with the design of "nonequivalent control group design" with the pattern of "pretest" and "posttest" and carried out treatments in class VIII-F as the experimental class group and VIII-H as the control group used as a comparison. Sampling uses a purposive sampling technique. Data collection on the social studies material comprehension of students use questions as the main data. After the data is collected, the analysis is carried out quantitatively through hypothesis testing or T-Test. The results of the difference between "pretest" and "posttest" in the experimental class given treatment showed a significant difference in improvement, while the control class between "pretest" and "posttest" which were not given treatment the results were no difference or no improvement. It can be said that there are influences from mind mapping learning methods to on social studies materials comprehension of students.Keywords: comprehension of material, Mind Mapping Learning Method, Social Studies Learning

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PERSEPSI PETANI TERHADAP UPJA (USAHA PELAYANAN JASA ALSINTAN) DI KECAMATAN TAWANGSARI KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO

AGRITEXTS: Journal of Agricultural Extension ◽

10.20961/agritexts.v42i1.43307 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 31

Author(s):

Listya Gustani Husnayati ◽

Suwarto Suwarto ◽

Hanifah Ihsaniyati

Keyword(s):

Formal Education ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Economic Environment ◽

Significant Relation ◽

High Category ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Survey Technique ◽

The Difference ◽

Very High ◽

Cluster Random Sampling

The aim of this research is to know the peasants’ perception factors to UPJA, to analyze the peasants’ perception to UPJA, to analyze the correlation between the peasants’ perception maker with the peasants’ perception to UPJA, and to analyze the difference of the peasants’ perception to UPJA based on the farmers area and peasants’ position in the peasants’ group. The basic method used in this research was descriptive quantitative with survey technique. The location of the research was determined by the purposive that was in Tawangsari District Sukoharjo Regency, by taking 2 peasants’ group that was Ngudi Rejeki in Dalangan and Ngudi Makmur in Majasto Village. The sample was determined by multistage cluster random sampling technique, as many as 60 farmer’s respondents. The data analysis used was rank spearman and U Mann-Whitney. The result of this research indicate that the perception form factor was the age of the farmers in the medium category, formal education in the high category, non-formal education in the low category, experience in the medium category, income in the very high category, wide land in the very broad categories and the economic environment in the medium category. The Peasants’ Perception to UPJA that was 61.67% farmer’s respondents had the good perception to UPJA. There was a significant relation between non-formal education and the economic environment with peasants’ perception to UPJA at 99% level of confidence, at 90% level there was a significant relation between the experience, income and land area with the peasants’ perception to UPJA, while the age and formal education there was no significant correlation with the farmers perception to UPJA. There was a significant difference perception to UPJA based on peasants’ area and peasants’ position in peasants’ group.

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