scholarly journals Living With Floods: A Comparative Assessment of Resilience to Floods in Tal and Diara Regions of Malda District, West Bengal

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 848-860
Author(s):  
HIRANMAY RISHI ◽  
Subrata Purkayastha
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Local People ◽  
Flood Hazards ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Resilience Index ◽  
Village Elders ◽  
Adaptive Index

Tal and Diara regions of Malda district are extremely prone to floods, still, report higher population density than the state's average density. This indicates that the local population has learned to live with floods by developing resilience to the flood threat through better preparedness, coping, and adaptive strategies. Such micro-level strategies developed by the local people can be useful to policymakers and social scientists alike in terms of better mitigating the flood menace and associated vulnerability. This paper attempts to measure and compare the level of flood resilience of the local people living in Tal and Diara at the household level. Furthermore, the article aims to analyse whether the distance from the major flood-causing rivers, viz. Fulhar in Tal and Ganga in Diara play a role in the degree of resilience of the population to floods. The paper is empirical, where information has been collected from sample households and focus group discussion with village elders in two sets of villages, i.e., Maniknagar and Ratua in Tal and Gopalpur and Nurpur in Diara. The UNDP technique has been used to compute the composite Resilience Index (RI) consisting of Preparedness Index (PI), Immediate Coping Index (ICI), and Adaptive Index (AI). The findings suggest that the villages located in and around the levees of major flood-causing rivers, viz. Maniknagar in Tal and Gopalpur in Diara records a higher level of resilience to floods in comparison to the interior villages, viz. Ratua in Tal and Nurpur in Diara. The paper concludes that in both Tal and Diara, people have learned to cope and adapt to floods and that the closer the distance from the major flood-causing rivers, the higher the villagers' resilience to flood hazards.

Reflections on Local Population Studies and Social Science History

2018 ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Osamu Saito
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Local Source ◽  
Personal Reflection ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Science History ◽  
Social Science History ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Source Materials

This personal reflection of more than 40 years' work on the supply of labour in a household context discusses the relationship between social science history (the application to historical phenomena of the tools developed by social scientists) and local population studies. The paper concludes that historians working on local source materials can give something new back to social scientists and social science historians, urging them to remake their tools.

scholarly journals Watershed regulation and local action: analysis of the Senegal River watershed management by a regional organisation and public participation

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1917-1946 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Sène ◽  
S. Bonin ◽  
O. Soubeyran
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Local People ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Senegal River ◽  
Action Analysis ◽  
Participative Approach ◽  
Regional Organisation ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. Several social scientists have dealt with the usefulness of a participative approach in development plans. The call for sustainable development has increased the focus on this type of approach in a very classical way, which is the case for the creation of new water tanks. Most of these scientists have also pinpointed the major difficulties and failures faced during the execution of this new approach in developing countries. This study is a concrete example which underlines the lack of this type of approach as far as water management in the Senegal River is concerned, mainly in relation to watershed. We base our study on the analysis and criticism of the regional organization OMVS (Organization for the Development of the Senegal River) which is in charge of water management in the Senegal River. The results of the study can, therefore, be summed up as follows: (i) An on-site direct observation, individual interviews, group discussion and information analysis point out the lack of participation of local people in water management in the Senegal River and, in general, the harmful socio-economic impacts resulting from it. (ii) The reasons for this lack of participative approach are mainly due to the model set up by the OMVS in terms of water management in the Senegal River, a model that has excluded or tackled in a very light way the issue of public participation in decision-making through out its juridical and regulation instruments. (iii) Elements of consideration on some measures, which could possibly improve the level of participation of local people in river water management.

scholarly journals Συμμετοχική και προσαρμοζόμενη διαχείριση

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Βασιλική Κλεφτογιάννη
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Local People ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Environmental Pressures ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Primary Sector ◽  
Management Policies

The aim of this study was to examine the applicability of successful participatory and adaptive management in the protected area of Axios-Loudias-Aliakmonas estuaries, based on local people‟s perceptions in relation to protection, as well as on main elements considered to be critical for successful participatory processes. Participatory and adaptive management of protected areas includes involvement of stakeholders in decision making and the ability to adjust management policies to emerging needs, associated with complex and dynamic socio-natural systems. The area of the Axios-Loudias-Aliakmonas estuaries is protected under national, European and international environmental legislation. Simultaneously, the area is one of the most dynamic agro-ecosystems of Greece. Agriculture and fishing/mussel culture are well-developed activities of the primary sector of economy resulting in a number of environmental pressures on the protected area. Until recently, there was no substantial institutional protection of the area. The Common Ministerial Decision designating the area protected, pending for several years, was finally published in 2009. This delay was considered associated with reactions of the local people to potential restrictions imposed on their professional activities. The first part of this study attempts to record perceptions of the local population regarding important issues related with the protected area and explore how they are influenced by age and education of respondents, their economic dependence on it and distance of their residence from its borders. Using a questionnaire, the survey was conducted to a total sample of 822 respondents. The first part reveals a strong spatial variation in the views of local people, which requires special management policies. In general, a positive attitude towards protection was recorded, although there was a part of respondents that expressed negative attitude to protection, associated exclusively with economic interests. This study coincided with a pilot application of adaptive management in the area by the Managing Authority of Axios-Loudias-Aliakmonas estuaries. The Managing Authority applied an evaluating method of the main environmental threats to the area by a group of experts. Given the absence of stakeholders of the primary sector from this process, we decided to explore their views regarding threats by applying a similar approach. To this aim, ten focus groups were formed, seven representing agricultural cooperatives and three representing fishing cooperatives. The results of the second part show that stakeholders of the primary sector tend to underestimate specific threats related to their professional activities. However, most groups recognized the wetland‟s value; also, in a number of cases, their assessment of threats approached the experts‟ assessment. It appears that the conditions for implementing participatory and adaptive management in the region are generally favorable, provided the effective tackling of issues which incite conflict or impede management efforts. Important among them are the disparity between different regions and the association of professional activity and financial interests with the attitude to protection. Active and effective involvement of major stakeholders in early decision making stages, that is the process of participatory and adaptive management itself, can help in addressing these issues.

scholarly journals The attitudes of local people about creating sports-recreational tourist offer in Sajkaska

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-115
Author(s):  
Bojana Kovacevic ◽  
Jovan Plavsa
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Local People ◽  
Sport Tourism ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Cultural Affirmation ◽  
Autonomous Province

Sajkaska is a geographical region in Serbia. It is southeastern part of Backa, located in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. Sajkaska is characterized by suitable tourist-geographical position, a plenty of natural values and various cultural-historical inheritance. These characteristics enable a lot of opportunities for developing sports and recreational activities This paper presents the results collected in the field research about the attitudes of local people about opportunities for development sports-recreational tourism in Sajkaska, as well as involving local community in this process. Initially, the survey was carried in Sajkaska and provided data about the participation of the local communities in the sport tourism development in Sajkaska Involving local community in this process is most easily done through the development of different forms of sports-tourist movements and tourism education programs of local population of Sajkaska. As long as sport tourism development in Sajkaska is well planned and monitored, it can be an effective means of local economic growth, cultural affirmation and environmental protection without compromising a region?s unique attractions.

scholarly journals A new finding of a uniquely large population of Anacamptis morio (Orchidaceae) on the Left-Bank Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Vasyl L. Shevchyk ◽  
Igor V. Solomakha ◽  
Oksana V. Shevchyk ◽  
Tetyana S. Dvirna ◽  
Volodymyr A. Solomakha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Floodplain Forests ◽  
New Finding ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Generative Stage

Abstract The paper presents the results of the research of local population of Anacamptis morio (L.) R. M. Bateman on the territory of the Left-Bank Ukraine. The size of this population was estimated at about 250-300 thousand individuals. The average density of individuals per 1 m2 is 12, while in terms of age structure, dominate individuals in the generative stage (70-75%). A. morio inhabits fresh, forest-meadow biotopes. Its populations are found in fresh eutrophic and moist mesotrophic meadows and in coastal floodplain forests. This species is a part of vegetation of the Koelerio-Corynephoretea and Molinio-Arrhenatheretea classes. Considering the characteristics of the investigated A. morio population and its habitat we assert that the studied territory is unique, valuable and perspective for the creation of a nature reserve.

scholarly journals Pengelolaan sampah berbasis masyarakat di era new normal (Pendampingan pengelolaan bank sampah Puri Berlian Kelurahan Air Putih di era normal)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 329-334
Author(s):  
Titi Antin ◽  
Darusman Darusman ◽  
Yefni Yefni
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Group Discussion ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Local People ◽  
General Knowledge ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Bank Management ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Used Cooking Oil ◽  
Waste Bank

Puri Berlian waste bank is located in RT.04/RW.02 of Air Putih Village, Tampan District. Based on the FGD result (focus group discussion) with the waste bank management, several issues can be identified, namely: waste bank is inactive during the Covid-19 Pandemic that causes the piling of the customers wastes; lack of literacy regarding waste, most of the customers have yet to understand the impacts caused by waste as well as the management of waste banks. The goal to be achieved is re-activating the activity of the waste bank during this new normal era while providing the general knowledge about waste towards the members. The methods used for this study are giving socialization and education regarding the benefit of waste banks, supporting the reactivation of waste bank activities, and formulating the development plan for the waste bank. The results of this study show that the activity of waste storing is recommenced gradually, local people who have not become the member are persuaded to be the customer, and the development of a bank subunit of used cooking oil (minyak jelantah) is explored.

scholarly journals Assessment of Eco Tourist Potential of Recreational Places of Samarkand Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.N. Sadikova ◽  
J.R. Sadikov
Keyword(s):  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Local People ◽  
Recreation Areas ◽  
Statistical Program ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
Recreation Site

The article covers some research data on the potential for the development of eco-tourism in recreational suburban places of the Samarkand region, in particular: Mirankul, Tepa-kul, Agalyk, Nurbulok, Amankutan, Dobusiya, Yukori Chinor, Ming Archa, Kattakurgan reservoir, Zarafshan river and others. The electronic social questionnaire Survey 123 Online of software ArcGIS from Esri was created to survey the local population of Uzbekistan on specific answers from various age groups of society. The author collected an opinion of local people about: favorite of the types of active and passive rest of the population in places of countryside rest places of the Samarkand region; the characterization of each of the presented country vacation spots was made public; the most popular time of year for going on nature in the Samarkand region; positive and negative features of specific suburban recreation areas were identified, most popular of them were matched on the map of the Samarkand region. The opinion of people about the most polluted recreation site of the Samarkand region and on possible method of penalization for vandalism and damage to flora and fauna in Uzbekistan was also revealed. All these data were processed in Excel, the statistical program SPSS, based on these data, charts, graphs and maps were compiled.

scholarly journals The Linkage between Institutional Changes and Food Security in Mtwara Region, Tanzania

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Robert N. Shole ◽  
Kim A. Kayunze
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Institutional Changes ◽  
Direct Relation ◽  
Household Level ◽  
The Government ◽  
Moral Attitudes

This study focuses on the linkage between institutional changes and food security in Mtwara region. Institutional changes in terms of increase numbers of financial, commercial, hospitalizes, education, infrastructures and improved moral and altitudes of farmers have a direct relation with food availability and accessibility. Both formal and informal institutions have potentials to help improvement of food availability and accessibility. However, despite institutions dealing with food security having changed in Mtwara, food security is low. The fundamental question is which one among these institutions, has high impact on food security.This study sought to determine the linkage between institutional changes and food security in Mtwara region. The specific objectives of the study were to identify institutions existing and their functions at household level, analyze various sources of food grains and states of food security at the household level in Mtwara region, and assess the linkages between institutional changes and food security. Structured questionnaire, Focus Group Discussion and Oral interview had been useful for collecting primary information in which the best recorded interviewees were analyzed supplemented by documentaries (text and photography). Findings revealed that financial institutions and education have high impact on food security in the study area. Generally, this study concluded that banks, SACCOS, traditions (moral, attitudes, beliefs), and roadshave slightly difference effect on food security. Since 2010these institutions had been increased and improved and have a direct relation with food security.It is recommended that the, government and other stakeholders should create true transformation in rural people to provide them decent jobs, good living conditions, and different opportunities in order to maintain youth to stay in rural area for maximizing the food production. Further studies should be done on the factors influencing people to stay in rural areas in which agricultural activities are being done.  

scholarly journals Antimicrobial-Resistant Escherichia coli Strains and Their Plasmids in People, Poultry, and Chicken Meat in Laos

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline I. Moser ◽  
Esther Kuenzli ◽  
Edgar I. Campos-Madueno ◽  
Thomas Büdel ◽  
Sayaphet Rattanavong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Core Genome ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Local People ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Long Read

Antimicrobial resistant (AMR) Enterobacterales are widely distributed among the healthy population of the Indochinese peninsula, including Laos. However, the local reservoir of these pathogens are currently not known and possible sources such as agricultural settings and food have rarely been analyzed. In this work, we investigated the extended-spectrum cephalosporin- (ESC-) and colistin-resistant Escherichia coli strains (CST-R-Ec) isolated from the gut of local people, feces of poultry, and from chicken meat (60 samples each group) in Laos. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis based on both short- and long-read sequencing approaches were implemented. The following prevalence of ESC-R-Ec and CST-R-Ec were recorded, respectively: local people (70 and 15%), poultry (20 and 23.3%), and chicken meat (21.7 and 13.3%). Core-genome analysis, coupled with sequence type (ST)/core-genome ST (cgST) definitions, indicated that no common AMR-Ec clones were spreading among the different settings. ESC-R-Ec mostly possessed blaCTX–M–15 and blaCTX–M–55 associated to ISEcp1 or IS26. The majority of CST-R-Ec carried mcr-1 on IncX4, IncI2, IncP1, and IncHI1 plasmids similar or identical to those described worldwide; strains with chromosomal mcr-1 or possessing plasmid-mediated mcr-3 were also found. These results indicate a high prevalence of AMR-Ec in the local population, poultry, and chicken meat. While we did not observe the same clones among the three settings, most of the blaCTX–Ms and mcr-1/-3 were associated with mobile-genetic elements, indicating that horizontal gene transfer may play an important role in the dissemination of AMR-Ec in Laos. More studies should be planned to better understand the extent and dynamics of this phenomenon.

scholarly journals Content Analysis in Determining the Sustainability Potential of Lombok Tourism Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Aryan Agus Pratama ◽  
Busaini Busaini ◽  
Akhmad Saufi
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Local People ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Sense Of Ownership ◽  
Main Driver

The sustainability of the tourism industry should be supported by sustainable development planning that accommodated local potential. This research aimed to study the sustainable potential of the Lombok tourism industry from a supply-driven perspective. This research was done using a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis content. The data were gained through Focus Group Discussion with Lombok tourism activists. Three main categories become relatable dimensions to support the sustainability of Lombok tourism potentials; resources, hope or dreams, and the acts of the Lombok tourism industry. The involvement of local people in its development is referring to the local culture which is Islamic has become the main driver in terms of the sustainability of the Lombok tourism industry.  This dimension is creating a sense of ownership for local people and the destination itself. The role of local people in developing Lombok tourism that referring to the Islamic local culture is the key to Lombok tourism sustainability. 

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