scholarly journals STUDY OF THE TOTAL CONTENT OF ANTIOXIDANTS, POLYSACCHARIDES, ELEMENT COMPOSITION AND AMINO ACIDS OF VEGETABLE RAW MATERIAL OF RIBES NIGRUM L.

2021 ◽  
pp. 265-274
Author(s):  
Similla Leont'yevna Adzhiakhmetova ◽  
Nadezhda Mikhaylovna Chervonnaya ◽  
Dmitriy Igorevich Pozdnyakov ◽  
Eduard Tonikovich Oganesyan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ribes Nigrum ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Macro Elements ◽  
Amperometric Method ◽  
Pectin Substances

This paper presents information on the total content of antioxidants, polysaccharides, micro and macro elements and amino acids of Ribes nigrum L. leaves. The purpose of this work is to study the chemical composition of Ribes nigrum L. leaves. The flavonoids were quantified spectrophotometrically, pectin substances gravimetrically, and the percentage of functional groups in pectin substances was carried out by the titrimetric method. The determination of the lipid-cholesterol blood profile of pectin substances isolated from of Ribes nigrum L. leaves was performed on 30 rats. The procedure for introducing solutions of the studied pectin substances and cholesterol solution were separated by a 2-hour interval. The total content of antioxidants was determined by amperometric method. The maximum content of antioxidants was revealed in the extraction of Ribes nigrum L. leaves, obtained by extraction with ethyl alcohol 50%. The content of water-soluble polysaccharides and pectin substances from of Ribes nigrum L. leaves is 2.17±0.06 and 9.91±0.28, respectively. The studied pectin substances belong to the group of low esterified pectins. The use of pectin substances from of Ribes nigrum L. leaves contributed to the correction of dyslipidemia. The sum of flavonoids in the analyzed object is 0.67±0.01%. The extraction of Ribes nigrum L. leaves obtained by extraction with purified water revealed aspartic and glutamic acids, alanine, proline, methionine and valine. Based on the data obtained, potassium predominates in the extraction from currants obtained by extraction with ethyl alcohol 70%. During the study, flavonoids, polysaccharides, amino acids, micro and macro elements of Ribes nigrum L. leaves were studied.

scholarly journals An Identification and Study of Amino Acids of Erigeron annuus Herb

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
S. Kovalev ◽  
A. Golovach ◽  
V. Kovalev
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Precolumn Derivatization ◽  
Amino Acids Composition ◽  
Erigeron Annuus

Amino acids in the extract of Erigeron annuus herb were determined using an automatic precolumn derivatization with fluorenylmethyl-chloroformate and reversed-phase liquid chromatography with fluorescence and UV Vis detection. This objective is reached with automatic derivatization using o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) for primary amino acids and 9-Fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC) for secondary amino acids. Then derivatization integrates into high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The applied procedure is fast with easily reproduced results. The insufficient knowledge about amino acids composition of herb of Erigeron annuus is the basis for study. This work reports on content of 16 free and bound amino acids (391.41 μg/mg) in the plant raw material and influence’s evaluation of different extraction types on the amino acid profile. The total content of free amino acids was 4.66 μg/mg; proline prevailed (2.498 μg/mg). The total content of bound amino acids was 386.7 μg/mg; proline (146.8 μg/mg), arginine (67.8 μg/mg), phenylalanine (25.8 μg/mg), asparagine (24.3 μg/mg), histidine (20.4 μg/mg), alanine (18.2 μg/mg), serine (16.6 μg/mg), valine (16.0 μg/mg) were the dominant amino acids. Nine amino acids were classified as essential.

The relationship between antioxidant activity and the component composition of milk of black-and-white cows in the winter-stall period

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 86-96
Author(s):  
A. A. Savina ◽  
◽  
O. A. Voronina ◽  
L. P. Ignatieva ◽  
N. V. Bogolyubova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Amperometric Method

The aim of the work was to study the component composition of milk of black-and-white cows in the winter-stall period and its main biochemical parameters. In this work, the total amount of water-soluble antioxidants (TAWSA) was assessed by the amperometric method (using "TsvetYauza 01-AA" device) and the average values of the milk component composition for four groups of cows, which were formed by the number of somatic cells (NSC) found in their milk. Milk of mastitis cows causes food poisoning that is why 1 groups were formed according to the NSC values: 200) less than 2 thousand units/ml, 200) from 499 to 3 thousand units/ml, 500) from 999 to 4 thousand units/ml and 1000) more than XNUMX thousand units/ml for milk samples of black-and-white cows of the Moscow region, which was used as raw material. The TAWSA values for 33 milk samples from cows in group 1 ranged from 6,80 to 27,91 mg/g (mean value 15,95±3,70 mg/g). The correlations between TAWSA and the following parameters of milk: mass fraction of fat (MFF) – 0,305; protein mass fraction true (PMF1) and total (PMF2) – 0,197 and 0,210; lactose – 0,156; dry fat-free milk residue (FFMR) – 0,276; total dry matter (TDM) – 0,399; freezing point (FP) – 0,112; pH – 0,114; the number of somatic cells (NSC) – (–0,052) are found. The TAWSA values for 15 milk samples from cows in group 2 ranged from 10,46 to 18,99 mg/g (average value 14,45±3,50 mg/g) are found. The correlations between TAWSA and the following parameters of milk: MFF – 0,332; PMF1 and PMF2 – 0,296 and 0,303; lactose – (–0,308); FFMR – 0,159; TDM – 0,391; FP – 0,226; pH – (–0,211); NSC – 0,193. The TAWSA values for 13 milk samples of cows in group 3 ranged from 10,46 to 18,99 mg/g (average value 16,04±3,60 mg/g) are found. The correlations between TAWSA and the following parameters of milk: MFF – (–0,352); PMF1 and PMF2 – (– 0,411) and (–0,401); lactose – (–0,166); FFMR – (–0,462); TDM – (–0,504); FP – (–0,766); pH – (–0,047); NSC – (–0,698). The TAWSA values for 12 milk samples from cows in group 4 ranged from 5,80 mg/g to 20,30 mg/g (average value 14,58±3,50 mg/g) are found. The correlations between TAWSA and the following parameters of milk: MFF – 0,159; PMF1 and PMF2 – 0,046 and 0,077; lactose – (–0,317); FFMR – (–0,237); TDM – 0,058; FP – (–0,036); pH – (–0,477); NSC – (–0,072) are found. These data obtained are of great importance both in assessing the physiological-biochemical status and the state of the antioxidant defense system of the cows' organism.

scholarly journals THE COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF SOME SAMBUCUS L. SPECIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Любовь (Lyubov') Николаевна (Nikolaevna) Скрыпник (Skrypnik) ◽  
Алина (Alina) Андреевна (Andreevna) Курашова (Kurashova)
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Sambucus Ebulus ◽  
Amperometric Method

The antioxidant properties of fruits, flowers, leaves, bark (or stem) of elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.), red elderberry (Sambucus racemosa L.) and dwarf elder (Sambucus ebulus L.) were investigated. The total content of anthocyanins and total phenolic compounds content by using of Folin-Ciocalteu assay were determined spectrophotometrically. The total content of water-soluble antioxidants was investigated by amperometric method. The antioxidant activity (AOA) of plant extracts was measured using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical, ABTS (2,2’azinobis(3)ethylbenzthiazoline-6- sulfonic acid) radical and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) assays. It was established that the fruits of plants of the genus Sambucus L. were characterized by the maximum level of all studied antioxidants. High content of anthocyanins and phenolic compounds was determined in the leaves of elderberry and dwarf elder. The flowers of these elderberry species were distinguished by a high total content of water-soluble antioxidants. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in fruits extracts in comparison with other parts of the plant. Higher antioxidant activity was identified in the extract of the fruits of elderberry and dwarf elder than of the red elderberry fruits. The most optimal method for evaluating the antioxidant activity of elder extracts was the FRAP assay, which showed the highest correlation between AOA and individual antioxidant components, compared to DPPH and ABTS assays. Comparative analysis of antioxidant content and antioxidant activity of various plant parts of three elderberry species showed that the most promising sources of biologically active substances with antioxidant properties are fruits and flowers of elderberry and dwarf elder.

scholarly journals AMINO ACID PROFILE OF PHASEOLUS VULGARIS PODS AND DRY EXTRACT PREPARED OF THEM

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
L. V. Vronska ◽  
A. Ye. Demyd
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Dry Extract

The aim of the research was to study the amino acid profile of the phaseolus vulgaris pods and extract prepared of them. Materials and methods. Five samples of raw material of phaseolus vulgaris pods (erect herbaceous bushes varieties with white seeds) were collected in the Ternopil and Volyn regions, dry extract of phaseolus vulgaris pods was obtained according to previously developed technology. The study of amino acid composition of the raw materials of phaseolus vulgaris pods and extract prepared of them was carried out using a thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results and discussion. The better separation of amino acids in TLC-research of the raw material of phaseolus vulgaris pods was observed in the system of solvents isopropanol - formic acid - water (40: 2: 10). As a result of the study, aspartic and glutamic acids, glycine, valine, tyrosine and leucine were identified. The amino acid profile of the studied samples of raw material is quite homogeneous in composition: 7 essential amino acids (histidine, threonine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, isoleucine and leucine) and 8 non-essential amino acids (aspartic and glutamic acids, arginine, serine, glycine, alanine, tyrosine and proline); lysine was found among the bound amino acids in the 4th sample of raw material. Proline predominates in all samples of raw materials among free amino acids. Among the bound amino acids the content of glutamic acid, which is the product of the glutamine hydrolysis, is the highest. The content of glycine, serine and alanine is also high. Among the essential amino acids, leucine, phenylalanine, histidine, threonine, isoleucine, valine were determined in content descending order. The quantitative determination of amino acids in the extract of phaseolus vulgaris pods proved that the content of proline was the highest (12.47 mg / g); the content of some compounds was also high: aspartic (5.41 mg / g) and glutamic (3.41 mg / g) acids, arginine (5.10 mg / g; both in free and bound forms), glycine (1.02 mg / g) and serine (1.04 mg / g). Among the essential amino acids in the extract, the amount of valine (0.80 mg / g), phenylalanine (0.67 mg / g), threonine (0.66 mg / g), leucine (0.63 mg / g) and isoleucine (0.58 mg / g) was a little different. The total content of amino acids in the extract was 3.2%. Conclusions. 1. The amino acid profile of five samples of phaseolus vulgaris pods was studied by the HPLC method. It has been established that the composition is quite homogeneous, and the total content varies within 0.7-1.1%. 2. In the dry extract of phaseolus vulgaris pods the content of 5 essential and 7 non-essential amino acids has been determined. The content of free amino acids in the extract is 0.52%; the total content of free and bound amino acids is 3.2%. 3. When studying the stability and establishing the shelf life of the dry extract of phaseolus vulgaris pods, it is necessary to take into account the presence of free amino acids and protein substances.  

Interrelationships among Microbiological, Physicochemical, and Biochemical Properties of Terrincho Cheese, with Emphasis on Biogenic Amines

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 2779-2785 ◽  
Author(s):  
OLIVIA PINHO ◽  
ANA I. E. PINTADO ◽  
ANA M. P. GOMES ◽  
M. MANUELA E. PINTADO ◽  
F. XAVIER MALCATA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Nitrogen

Changes in the microbiological, physicochemical, and biochemical characteristics of Terrincho cheese as represented by native microflora, pH, water activity, soluble nitrogen fractions, free amino acids, and biogenic amines (e.g., ethylamine, dimethylamine, tryptamine, phenylethylamine, putrescine, cadaverine, histamine, tyramine, cystamine, and spermine) during ripening were monitored. Terrincho is a traditional Portuguese cheese manufactured from raw ewe's milk. The main groups of microorganisms (lactococci, lactobacilli, enterococci, pseudomonads, staphylococci, coliforms, yeasts, and molds) were determined following conventional microbiological procedures. Free amino acids and biogenic amines were determined by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, following extraction from the cheese matrix and derivatization with dabsyl chloride. The total content of free amino acids ranged from 1,730 mg/kg of dry matter at the beginning of the ripening stage to 5,180 mg/kg of dry matter by day 60 of ripening; such an increase was highly correlated with the increase of water-soluble nitrogen in total nitrogen, 12% trichloroacetic acid–soluble nitrogen in total nitrogen, and 5% phosphotungstic acid–soluble nitrogen in total nitrogen throughout ripening. Histamine was consistently present at very low levels, whereas putrescine, cadaverine, and tryptamine were the dominant biogenic amines and increased in concentration during ripening. Ethylamine, tryptamine, phenylethylamine, and cystamine reached maxima by 30 days of ripening and decreased thereafter. Significant correlations between amino acid precursors and corresponding biogenic amines, as well as between biogenic amines and microbial viable numbers, were observed.

GRAIN QUALITY FORECASTING BY AMINO ACID CONCENTRATION IN THE LEAF JUICE

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
N.N. NOVIKOV ◽  
◽  
A.A. ZHARIKHINA ◽  
N.E. SOLOVYEVA
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Stem Node ◽  
Leaf Juice

Field experiments with soft wheat and malting barley, conducted on sod-podzolic medium loamy soil showed that under the influence of increasing rates of nitrogen nutrition in the leaf juice in the first stem node phase, the concentration of amino acids decreases. This fact is confirmed by high correlation coefficients. There is also a close correlation between the concentration of amino acids in the leaf juice, plant productivity and grain quality indicators. Wheat showed a close negative correlation of the concentration of amino acids in the leaf juice with the weight of 1000 grains, the total content of proteins and gluten in the grain, as well as gliadin and glutenin proteins, and a close positive correlation with the content of water-soluble, non-extractable proteins in the grain and the activity of proteases. The concentration of amino acids in the malting barley leaf juice was negatively correlated with the total content of proteins in the grain, the amount of gordeins, the total activity of amylases, and positively correlated with the test value indicators, grain extractivity, and the content of water-soluble proteins in the grain. The research results indicate that the concentration of amino acids in the leaf juice in the first stem node phase provides for a fairly accurate diagnoctics of nitrogen nutrition and prediction of the quality of soft wheat and malting barley grains.

scholarly journals BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES OF THE HERB OF URTICA DIOICA

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
V. Ya. Yatziuk ◽  
G. A. Chaly ◽  
O. V. Soshnikova
Keyword(s):  
Total Content ◽  
Urtica Dioica ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Quantitative Content ◽  
Phenol Composition ◽  
First Time ◽  
Active Substances

We have established the qualitative composition and the quantitative content of biologically active substances of the herb of Urtica dioica. Aminoacid composition, monosaccharide set of PSK and PV, the presence of 4 macro- and 18 microelements and their quantitative content have been studied for the first time. Investigating the phenol composition of the herb of Urtica dioica by HPLC has revealed in the raw material alongside with the previously described gallic, coffeic acids, rutine and quercetine the presence of hyperoside, luteolin-7-glycoside, 3,4-isoramnetin diglycoside, chlorogenic acid, aesculetin. We were the first to determine the total content of water-soluble polysaccharides, pectin substances, astringent substances, pigments (carotenoids and chlorophylls),vitamin K1, triterpene compounds and saponins of the triterpene type.

scholarly journals SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF POLYSACCHARID CONTENT IN RAW MATERIALS REYNOUTRIA JAPОNICA

2018 ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Ольга (Ol'ga) Геннадиевна (Gennadievna) Зорикова (Zorikova) ◽  
Артем (Artem) Юрьевич (Yur'evich) Маняхин (Manyakhin) ◽  
Светлана (Svetlana) Александровна (Aleksandrovna) Боровая (Borovaya) ◽  
Светлана (Svetlana) Петровна (Petrovna) Раилко (Railko)
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Reynoutria Japonica ◽  
Plant Ecophysiology ◽  
Material Preparation ◽  
Maximum Content ◽  
Pectin Substances

The dynamics of the accumulation of water-soluble polysaccharides in various organs of Reynoutria japonica Hout (Polygonaceae), harvested in the Ussuriisk region of the Primorye Territory in different phases of vegetation, has been studied. As a result of the studies, four polysaccharide fractions were isolated from the raw materials of R. japonica organs: water-soluble polysaccharides, pectin substances, hemicellulose A and B, which are fixed in all organs of the plant during the observation period.The chemical composition of R. japonica has been studied insufficiently and unilaterally. The secondary metabolites of the phenolic complex have been studied mainly, whereas there is practically no information on the carbohydrate composition, although this group of compounds plays an important role in the plant ecophysiology and shows a pronounced physiological activity. The conducted studies have established that the maximum content of biologically active polysaccharides (water-soluble polysaccharides and pectin substances) in the leaves is noted in the phase of the beginning of vegetation, in the buds of budding and flowering phases, in the roots in the phase of drying. The content of hemicellulose A and B is characterized by stability and changes insignificantly during the season.The obtained results allow to establish scientifically justified terms of raw material preparation for effective practical use.

scholarly journals COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF AMINO ACIDS IN LEAVES OF AMARANTHUS TRICOLOR L. CV. EARLY SPLENDOR

2019 ◽  
pp. 96-98
Author(s):  
M. S. Gins ◽  
V. K. Gins ◽  
S. M. Motyleva ◽  
A. A. Baikov ◽  
E. M. Gins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Phenyl Group ◽  
Total Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Amaranthus Tricolor

Material for research was fresh leaves of Amaranthus tricolor L. varieties Early Splendor. They were grown in a greenhouse (Federal Scientific Vegetable Center, Moscow region). Using GC-MS, 8 and 11 amino acids were identified in extracts of hetero- and autotrophic leaves. One of the mechanisms that provide resistance to stresses of various natures is the accumulation of free amino acids; therefore, the total content of antioxidants can serve as an indicator of plant resistance. The amino acids found in amaranth leaves have pronounced functional activity in the human body. For example, tyrosine is the most important neurotransmitter, stimulates the brain, is involved in the control of stress. In humans, the precursor of tyrosine is the essential amino acid phenylalanine, while tyrosine is formed by hydroxylation of the phenyl group of phenylalanine. In this case, the lack of the latter in food leads to a deficiency of tyrosine in the body. Tryptophan controls the body's protective and adaptive functions. Amino acids valine, leucine, glutamine, proline - stimulate the growth of beneficial intestinal flora and biomass accumulation. Thus, the amino acid composition determines the nutritional and pharmacological value of amaranth leaf biomass. This indicates that amaranth leaves are a promising raw material for creating functional products and herbal remedies.

Interactions of water-soluble zinc porphyrin with amino acids

1988 ◽  
Vol 153 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Mikros ◽  
A. Gaudemer ◽  
R. Pasternack
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Zinc Porphyrin ◽  
Soluble Zinc
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document