scholarly journals The Concept of Spiritual Humanism in Mulia Sadra’s Philosophi: an Analysis Study of the Existence of Modern Humans

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 697-704
Author(s):  
Hidayatul Qoriah ◽  
Nurul Khair
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Freedom Of Will ◽  
Mulla Sadra ◽  
Main Work ◽  
Jean Paul ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Emotional Aspects ◽  
Western View ◽  
Modern Era

This paper is a review of Mulla Sadra's thought library about the concept of spiritual humanism and its significance to human existence in the modern era. This paper aims to find out the meaning, principles, and nature of humanism in Mulla Sadra's views through his main work entitled al-Asfar al-Arba'ah and some research on Mulla Sadra's philosophical thinking. By using philosophical descriptive analysis, it can be concluded that the concept of Mulla Sadra's humanism is studied and explored through the discourse of the soul. The implication, humans know and realize the existence of immaterial aspects in their existence is perfect. In addition to knowing that there is a material aspect to human existence, the humanism concept in Mulla Sadra's view is to criticize the views of western philosophers, such as Jean Paul Sartre and Fredrich Nietzsche who view human existence based on material awareness. As a result, human existence is seen through the material side. The implication, human awareness is limited. In the modern era, the majority of people understand their existence as offered by western philosophers, so that the majority of people do not have awareness in realizing and knowing their existence, as they should. In addition, the views of western philosophers on material awareness in human existence cause freedom of will. Freedom of will in the western view causes dehumanism, because it prioritizes emotional aspects and passions in increasing human existence. The results of this paper to provide solutions in raising awareness of human existence, especially regarding the meaning, principles and nature of humanists in the modern era. The more aware humans are of humanist meaning and nature, the higher human existence will be. The implication, humans can reach the level of perfection in themselves without any restrictions. From these various explanations, the author hypothesizes that the concept of spiritual humanist Mulla Sadra can increase human existence and provide solutions to the crisis of human existence in the modern era.

scholarly journals KEBEBASAN KEHENDAK DALAM AL-QUR’AN: STUDI TAFSIR MU’TAZILAH

el-'Umdah ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-200
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rizky HK
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Divine Intervention ◽  
Islamic Tradition ◽  
Jean Paul ◽  
Good And Evil ◽  
Modern Era

This article will describe the quranic interpretation of Mu’tazilite on theological verses which talked about free will. As a rationalist sect in Islamic tradition, Mu’tazilite offered different perspective, which has been known as a more logical sect than a mainstream thought in Islam. As a result, they came with a different perspective on a lot of theological aspects. Mu’tazilite believes, that human have a freedom to choose, Human has a free will. They are free to choose between good and evil. There’s no divine intervention in human act. In modern era, Existensialism came with same statement that human should be free. Existensialist believes that human existensce preceed their essence. This paper will describe the similarity of these two and would try to identificate mu’tazilite method of interpretation with existensialist point of view. This article use qualitative research method with descriptive analysis approach through the collection of related literature studies especially The thought of Jean Paul Sartre and Soren Kierkegaard, Two biggest existensialist. The results of this study indicate that the conception offree will has relevance with Islamic tradition itself, and have a relation wih western philosophy.

scholarly journals MAKNA HIDUP PERSPEKTIF VICTOR FRANKL: KAJIAN DIMENSI SPIRITUAL DALAM LOGOTERAPI

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-115
Author(s):  
Rohmah Akhirul Mukharom ◽  
Jarman Arroisi
Keyword(s):  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Philosophical Foundation ◽  
Spiritual Dimension ◽  
Freedom Of Will ◽  
The Will ◽  
Victor Frankl

This article aims to reveal the concept of logotherapy of Victor Frankl. This study uses descriptive analysis. First, the concept of logotherapy has three pillars in its philosophical foundation, the freedom of will, in this context every human being free to make choices to determine his own choice and destiny. The will to meaning, which every human being has the desire to have meaning in life. The meaning of life is an awareness of the possibility to realize what is being done at that time which then if successfully fulfilled will produce happiness. Second, in logotherapy, there is a noetic dimension which equivalent to the spiritual dimension, which tends toward the anthropological dimension rather than the theological dimension and does not contain religion. Third, the spiritual logotherapy dimension is different from Sufism. If Sufism spiritual affirms the sharia, then logotherapy departs from human existence. The implications of these differences give to a variety of happiness, both spiritual and physical.   Artikel ini bertujuan mengungkap konsep logoterapi yang diformulasikan oleh Victor Frankl. Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis kajian ini menghasilkan beberapa kesimpulan: pertama, konsep logoterapi memiliki tiga landasan filosofis yaitu, kebebasan berkeinginan (the freedom of will). Dalam konteks ini setiap manusia bebas menentukan pilihan dan nasibnya sendiri. Keinginan akan makna (the will to meaning), yaitu manusia memiliki hasrat untuk memiliki makna hidup. Makna hidup adalah sebuah kesadaran untuk mengetahui apa yang dilakukan saat itu hingga menghasilkan kebahagiaan. Kedua, di dalam logoterapi terdapat dimensi spiritual yang cenderung ke arah antropologis daripada kearah teologis serta tidak mengandung konotasi agama. Ketiga, dimensi spiritual logoterapi berbeda dengan dimenssi dalam tasawuf. Jika para sufi mengafirmasi spiritual pada syariat maka logoterapi berangkat dari human exsistence. Implikasi dari kedua perbedaan tersebut melahirkan ragam kebahagiaan baik kebahagiaan ruhani dan ragawi.

You’re Fired! Donald Trump and the 2020 Congressional Elections

The Forum ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-650
Author(s):  
Jamie L. Carson ◽  
Spencer Hardin ◽  
Aaron A. Hitefield
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Vice President ◽  
The United States ◽  
Congressional Elections ◽  
General Election ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Modern Era

Abstract The 2020 elections brought to an end one of the most divisive and historic campaigns in the modern era. Former Vice President Joe Biden was elected the 46th President of the United States with the largest number of votes ever cast in a presidential election, defeating incumbent President Donald Trump in the process. The record turnout was especially remarkable in light of the ongoing pandemic surrounding COVID-19 and the roughly 236,000 Americans who had died of the virus prior to the election. This article examines the electoral context of the 2020 elections focusing on elections in both the House and Senate. More specifically, this article examines the candidates, electoral conditions, trends, and outcomes in the primaries as well as the general election. In doing so, we provide a comprehensive descriptive analysis of the climate and outcome of the 2020 congressional elections. Finally, the article closes with a discussion of the broader implications of the election outcomes on both the incoming 117th Congress as well as the upcoming 2022 midterm election.

scholarly journals KEBEBASAN MANUSIA DAN KONFLIK DALAM PANDANGAN EKSISTENSIALIME JEAN PAUL SARTRE

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Mr Muzairi
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Human Relationship ◽  
Subjective Reality ◽  
Relationship Context ◽  
Jean Paul ◽  
Inner Self ◽  
Objective Meaning

It is important to understand Jean Paul Sartre’s mode of dualism in order to comprehend Sartre’s notion on humanbeings, freedom and conflict. As a man of ontological basis, Sartre put himself as a radical dualist in that it develops a number of ideas such as the meaning of objective and subjective reality, human existence and life. Those thoughts truly reveal the dark side of being in that it exemplifies the conflict in inter-human relationship context. Sartre discusses the objective meaning (en-soi) or “being-in-self”. For Sartre, en-soi is subject matter or the object of understanding that goes beyond human mind or the being of unconscious self. Unlike pour-soi(foritself) that only awares of itself, it denotes the dual characteristics of human that both awares of subject and the inner self. Human serves both as subject and object. Sartre argues that ‘Pour-soi’ underlining the notion of ‘the nihilation” of Being-in-itself’. In a concise word, “man presents himself…as a being that causes of ‘the nihilation’ of ‘Being in-itself” triggered freedom and conflict.

scholarly journals Analysis of Spatial Distribution of PM2.5 and Human Behavior on Air Pollution in Jakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 940 (1) ◽  
pp. 012018
Author(s):  
K I Solihah ◽  
D N Martono ◽  
B Haryanto
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
The Government

Abstract Particulate matter is one of the threatening pollutants harmful to health. Currently, many researchers focus on the problem of PM2.5 concentrations in urban areas. This study aims to estimate the spatial distribution of PM2.5, and identify human behavior on air pollution in Jakarta. The method used were Spline with Tension to build the PM2.5 models, and multiple linear regression models to analyze human behavior on air pollution. The results showed that the annual average of PM2.5 in the last two years tends to be high in western, southern, and eastern parts of Jakarta. In addition, there was a decrease of PM2.5 concentration in 2020 compared to 2019 assumed as a result of Covid-19 Pandemic restrictions. Besides, analysis results showed a significant association between knowledge and attitude aspects on the action aspect. Based on descriptive analysis, people have good knowledge of air pollution and also concern to reduce air pollution. However, the actions for air pollution control are still not maximized which may cause high PM2.5 concentrations in Jakarta. We conclude that to reduce air pollution, the government should focus on the border areas of Jakarta and it can be done by increasing public knowledge and raising awareness for air pollution.

scholarly journals Critic on Auguste Comte’s Positivism in Sociology (An Islamic Sociology Perspective)

TRANSFORMATIF ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-221
Author(s):  
Novita Sari ◽  
Jarman Arroisi
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Social ◽  
Auguste Comte ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Fundamental Value ◽  
The Many ◽  
Research Types ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Modern Era

The rapid science in the modern era, provides significant changes for humans, both in the fields of economics, politics, culture, environment, society, education, and even religion. The 19th century is a century of science that is growing rapidly, this can be seen from the emergence of various scientists who provide concepts, theories based on philosophy with basic ontology, epistemology, and axiology as a contribution to the development of science. One of them, the scientist known as the father of sociology, was Auguste Comte a scientist from France. Comte is famous for its philosophy of postivism because of the many references by scientists in the contemporary era. This is based on the calculation of the success of designing the social structure of modern humans with three stages of law, but one side of the theory he produced has eliminated the fundamental value in humans, namely eliminating the metaphysical basis. In a three-stage law, more concerned with physical values than metaphysical values, this will result in a society that abandons religion and even eliminates the existence of God. The thoughts produced by Comte are thoughts originating from the west, where the basic West is relativism so if viewed from an Islamic point of view this theory will produce atheists and eliminate the sanctity of religion. In Islam religion and society are inseparable because religion is a guideline that is used as a basis in people's lives based on the values of the Qur'an and Sunnah. Therefore in this paper we will study more deeply the criticisms of Aguste Comte's thinking, using qualitative research types, with descriptive analysis methods and theological philosophical approaches. 

OP154 Industry And Clinician Views Of Medtech Innovation Briefings

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (S1) ◽  
pp. 56-56
Author(s):  
Alexia Campbell Burton ◽  
Harriet Unsworth
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Pathway ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Additional Group ◽  
Diagnostic Technologies ◽  
Simultaneous Assessment

Introduction:The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Medtech Innovation Briefings (MIBs) are commissioned by the National Health Service (NHS) England and designed to support NHS and social care commissioners and staff who are considering using new medical devices and other medical, digital or diagnostic technologies. MIBs are fast flexible summaries of single technologies that are intended to be responsive to commissioners needs for information about innovative technologies. MIBs include a description of the technology, how it is used and its potential role in the treatment pathway. They also include a review of relevant published evidence and likely costs. As a relatively new product, the format of MIBs continues to evolve and in 2016 a more streamlined evaluation template was introduced. To ensure MIBs continue to meet users’ needs, a study was conducted to understand the opinions and requirements of core stakeholders and to identify key areas for future development.Methods:An initial cross-sectional online survey with NHS staff who were potential users of MIBs was carried out in December 2015. A second round of online and mail-out surveys were circulated between November 2016 and May 2017 to medical technology manufactures and an additional group of NHS staff. Descriptive analysis was used for all quantitative data and qualitative data was summarized using thematic analysis.Results:Thirty-nine medical professionals and fourty-two manufacturer representatives participated in the surveys. More than half of clinicians were aware of MIBs and thought that raising awareness and visibility should be a future priority. Manufactures regarded MIBs as having a positive or mixed impact on innovation, access, or uptake by the healthcare system.Conclusions:Stakeholders are using MIBs in a variety of ways and there was and a range of suggestions for their future development particularly regarding moving from single technology evaluation to simultaneous assessment of similar technologies.

La puissance du don. Le don comme centre de la relation de l’homme avec Dieu, dans les discours édifiants de Kierkegaard, à la lumière de l’herméneutique du don de Jean Paul II

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Słowikowski
Keyword(s):  
Human Existence ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Creative Power ◽  
John Paul Ii ◽  
Jean Paul ◽  
Individual Character ◽  
God's Word ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Epistle Of James ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis paper is an attempt to read Kierkegaard’s upbuilding discourses centred around the theme “Every Good and Perfect Gift is From Above” in the perspective of hermeneutics of the gift presented by John Paul II in his book Man and Woman He Created Them. The authors analyze two completely different biblical themes-the Pope examines the issue of corporeality of the first people on the basis of Genesis, whereas Kierkegaard studies the creative power of God’s word in human existence, focusing on a passage from the Epistle of James. They show that the relationship between human beings and God, despite its individual character, may come into being only through the involvement of another person. The center of this meeting of two people in God is the already mentioned gift, understood here, in the highest sense, as a gift of love in which both parties are giving and receiving at the same time. The convergence of conclusions of both authors shows the anthropological coherence of the message of the Holy Scripture and gives rise to reflections on the essence of humanity.

scholarly journals The Profile of Students Activities; Before, During and After Learning

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Fikriyanda Fikriyanda ◽  
Daharnis Daharnis ◽  
Verlanda Yuca
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Emotional Aspects ◽  
School Learning

Learning activities are a learning effort by students in physical, mental, intellectual, and emotional aspects from the to hard observed activities that happened inside or outside the classroom. This study describes students learning activities that will impact on student learning outcomes. The method used is descriptive-analysis with a 167 students sample that using proportional random sampling technique, used a questionnaire . The instrument used is a questionnaire. The result of the research is it includes the students learning activities in Junior High school in the medium category which comprises learning activities before learning in school, learning during school, and after learning in school. The implications of this research can be a reference and input for Counselor to improve students learning activities at 19 Junior High school in Bandung.

scholarly journals KONTRIBUSI PENDAPATAN INDUSTRI RUMAH PANGGUNG TERHADAP PENDAPATAN RUMAH TANGGA MASYARAKAT DI DESA WOLOAN SATU UTARA KEC. TOMOHON BARAT

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Yosua Kalangi . Kalangi ◽  
Paulus A. Pangemanan ◽  
Juliana R. Mandei ◽  
Caroline B. D. Pakasi
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
District Office ◽  
North West ◽  
Main Work ◽  
Home Industries ◽  
The Village ◽  
Made In

This study aims to determine the contribution of revenue from industrial houses on stilts on household income. This research was conducted for four months starting in February 2015 to May 2015 in the village of Woloan One North district. Tomohon West. The population in this study was people who became workers in home industries stage. Of the population of 30 samples has taken using simple random sampling method. In this study, the data used are primary and secondary data obtained from the relevant agencies, namely the Village district office Woloan One District Tomohon North West. The data is processed using descriptive analysis. The results showed that the contribution of revenue from the industry is a stilt house by 84% and are potentially in employment. The amount of revenue contribution from home industry is very influential stage in household income, while contributions outside the home industry are less influential stage in household income. For the second job in industry stilt house can be made in the main work as a source of household income communities Woloan One Village North.

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