scholarly journals Trends in Laboratory Diagnostic Methods in Periodontology

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beáta Bolerázska ◽  
Mária Mareková ◽  
Neda Markovská
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Oral Microbiology ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

This work presents a summary of current knowledge on the laboratory diagnosis of periodontitis. It focuses on the theoretical foundations and is supplemented with new knowledge. It subsequently describes specifically the laboratory diagnosis methods of periodontitis: the protein expression of inflammation, oral microbiology and molecular diagnostics. Periodontitis is a serious disease worldwide and its confirmed association with systemic diseases means its severity is increasing. Its laboratory diagnosis has the potential to rise to the level of clinical and diagnostic imaging. The transfer of diagnostic methods from laboratory to clinical use is increasingly used in the prevention and monitoring of the exacerbation and treatment of periodontal disease, as well as of its impact on systemic disease.

Diagnosing systemic diseases.

2021 ◽  
pp. 224-243
Author(s):  
Shou-Hua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Beet Curly Top Virus ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Leaf Chlorosis ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Contact Transmission

Abstract A systemic disease is defined as one where a pathogen infects a plant systemically or affects the plant as a whole. There are certain types of diseases in hemp and cannabis crops that are viewed more as systemic rather than localized, based on both infection behaviour and symptom development. This chapter deals with diagnosing systemic diseases of cannabis crops, including vascular wilt caused by Fusarium Species, witches' broom caused by phytoplasmas, leaf curl caused by Beet curly top virus, plant stunting caused by Hop latent viroid, leaf chlorosis caused by Lettuce chlorosis virus and other viral diseases. Field diagnosis through symptom observation, problem classification, sampling, laboratory diagnosis by visual and microscopic examinations, isolation and colony observation, identification (PCR/DNA-based, morphological, ELISA), pathogenicity test, and key diagnostic evidence are described. Systemic disease management measures are discussed, focusing on inoculum prevention and vector control, monitoring mother plant health, managing insect vectors, controlling weeds, use of resistant varieties, avoiding contact transmission and reducing abiotic stresses.

scholarly journals Infrarenal Infected Aortic Aneurysm Caused by Streptococcus pyogenes

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Floryn Cherbanyk ◽  
Markus Menth ◽  
Bernhard Egger ◽  
Véronique Erard
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Microbiological Characteristics ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Infected Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Infectious Aneurysm

Infectious aneurysm is a rare entity associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Current knowledge on pathogenesis, outcome, diagnosis, management, and follow-up remains debatable. We report the case of a patient with Streptococcus pyogenes aneurysm who was successfully treated with a homograft implant and discuss microbiological characteristics, diagnostic methods, and treatment options currently available for this serious disease.

Cardiac involvement in systemic diseases

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Hagendorff
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Involvement ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Coronary Thrombosis ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Cardiac Events

Systemic diseases are generally an interdisciplinary challenge in clinical practice. Systemic diseases are able to induce tissue damage in different organs with ongoing duration of the illness. The heart and the circulation are important targets in systemic diseases. The cardiac involvement in systemic diseases normally introduces a chronic process of alterations in cardiac tissue, which causes cardiac failure in the end stage of the diseases or causes dangerous and life-threatening problems by induced acute cardiac events, such as myocardial infarction due to coronary thrombosis. Thus, diagnostic methods—especially imaging techniques—are required, which can be used for screening as well as for the detection of early stages of the diseases. Two-dimensional echocardiography is the predominant diagnostic technique in cardiology for the detection of injuries in cardiac tissue—e.g. the myocardium, endocardium, and the pericardium—due to the overall availability of the non-invasive procedure.The quality of the echocardiography and the success rate of detecting cardiac pathologies in patients with primary non-cardiac problems depend on the competence and expertise of the investigator. Especially in this scenario clinical knowledge about the influence of the systemic disease on cardiac anatomy and physiology is essential for central diagnostic problem. Therefore the primary echocardiography in these patients should be performed by an experienced clinician or investigator. It is possible to detect changes of cardiac morphology and function at different stages of systemic diseases as well as complications of the systemic diseases by echocardiography.The different parts of this chapter will show proposals for qualified transthoracic echocardiography focusing on cardiac structures which are mainly involved in different systemic diseases.

scholarly journals Oral and Maxillo-Facial Manifestations of Systemic Diseases: An Overview

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Saverio Capodiferro ◽  
Luisa Limongelli ◽  
Gianfranco Favia
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Hard Tissues ◽  
Current Special Issue

Many systemic (infective, genetic, autoimmune, neoplastic) diseases may involve the oral cavity and, more generally, the soft and hard tissues of the head and neck as primary or secondary localization. Primary onset in the oral cavity of both pediatric and adult diseases usually represents a true challenge for clinicians; their precocious detection is often difficult and requires a wide knowledge but surely results in the early diagnosis and therapy onset with an overall better prognosis and clinical outcomes. In the current paper, as for the topic of the current Special Issue, the authors present an overview on the most frequent clinical manifestations at the oral and maxillo-facial district of systemic disease.

scholarly journals Laboratory diagnosis of pneumonia in the molecular age

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1764-1778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoni Torres ◽  
Nelson Lee ◽  
Catia Cilloniz ◽  
Jordi Vila ◽  
Menno Van der Eerden
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Major Advance ◽  
Lung Microbiome ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Diagnostic Technology

Pneumonia remains a worldwide health problem with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Identification of microbial pathogens which cause pneumonia is an important area for optimum clinical management of pneumonia patients and is a big challenge for conventional microbiological methods. The development and implementation of molecular diagnostic tests for pneumonia has been a major advance in the microbiological diagnosis of respiratory pathogens in recent years. However, with new knowledge regarding the microbiome, together with the recognition that the lungs are a dynamic microbiological ecosystem, our current concept of pneumonia is not totally realistic as this new concept of pneumonia involves a dysbiosis or alteration of the lung microbiome. A new challenge for microbiologists and clinicians has therefore arisen. There is much to learn regarding the information provided by this new diagnostic technology, which will lead to improvements in the time to antibiotic therapy, targeted antibiotic selection and more effective de-escalation and improved stewardship for pneumonia patients. This article provides an overview of current methods of laboratory diagnosis of pneumonia in the molecular age.

Systemic Diseases Associated with Nasal Symptoms

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy A. Settipane
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Proper Treatment ◽  
Csf Rhinorrhea ◽  
Nasal Symptoms ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Careful History

Many systemic diseases are associated with nasal symptoms, Rhinitis associated with asthma is probably the most common with leprosy and fungal infections being the rarest. A careful history and nasal examination in a patient with rhinitis may lead to the discovery of more significant systemic diseases. Proper treatment of systemic disease will often cure or improve the associated rhinitis. Similarly, appropriate treatment of the rhinitis/sinusitis may reduce systemic complaints such as asthma. At times, identification of the cause of rhinitis as in CSF rhinorrhea, Wegeners’ syndrome, etc., alerts one to a life-threatening entity. Thus, it is apparent that the nose is an excellent mirror of some systemic diseases and identifying and understanding the differential diagnosis of nasal symptoms may be a tremendous help in diagnosing the disease and treating the whole patient.

scholarly journals Clinical Progress in Proton Radiotherapy: Biological Unknowns

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 604
Author(s):  
Laura Vanderwaeren ◽  
Rüveyda Dok ◽  
Kevin Verstrepen ◽  
Sandra Nuyts
Keyword(s):  
Proton Irradiation ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Proton Radiation ◽  
Photon Irradiation ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
The Past ◽  
Depth Dose ◽  
Damage Response ◽  
Depth Dose Distribution

Clinical use of proton radiation has massively increased over the past years. The main reason for this is the beneficial depth-dose distribution of protons that allows to reduce toxicity to normal tissues surrounding the tumor. Despite the experience in the clinical use of protons, the radiobiology after proton irradiation compared to photon irradiation remains to be completely elucidated. Proton radiation may lead to differential damages and activation of biological processes. Here, we will review the current knowledge of proton radiobiology in terms of induction of reactive oxygen species, hypoxia, DNA damage response, as well as cell death after proton irradiation and radioresistance.

scholarly journals Complement Components C3 and C4 Indicate Vasculitis Manifestations to Distinct Renal Compartments in ANCA-Associated Glomerulonephritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6588
Author(s):  
Samy Hakroush ◽  
Désirée Tampe ◽  
Peter Korsten ◽  
Philipp Ströbel ◽  
Björn Tampe
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies ◽  
Glomerular Injury ◽  
Tubulointerstitial Injury ◽  
Complement Components ◽  
Tubulointerstitial Lesions ◽  
Low Levels

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and severe complication of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) causing progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD), end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or death. Pathogenic ANCAs, in particular proteinase 3 (PR3) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), trigger a deleterious immune response resulting in pauci-immune necrotizing and crescentic glomerulonephritis (GN), a common manifestation of glomerular injury in AAV. However, there is growing evidence that activation of the complement pathway contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of AAV. We here aimed to compare glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions in ANCA GN and extrarenal manifestation of AAV in association with levels of circulating complement components C3c and C4. Methods: Plasma levels of C3c and C4 in a total number of 53 kidney biopsies with ANCA GN were retrospectively included between 2015 and 2020. Glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions were evaluated according to established scoring systems for ANCA GN and analogous to the Banff classification. Results: We here show that circulating levels of C3c and C4 in ANCA GN were comparable to the majority of other renal pathologies. Furthermore, hypocomplementemia was only detectable in a minor subset of ANCA GN and not correlated with renal or extrarenal AAV manifestations. However, low levels of circulating C3c correlated with AKI severity in ANCA GN independent of systemic disease activity or extrarenal AAV manifestation. By systematic scoring of glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions, we provide evidence that low levels of circulating C3c and C4 correlated with vasculitis manifestations to distinct renal compartments in ANCA GN. Conclusions: We here expand our current knowledge about distinct complement components in association with vasculitis manifestations to different renal compartments in ANCA GN. While low levels of C4 correlated with glomerulitis, our observation that low levels of circulating complement component C3c is associated with interstitial vasculitis manifestation reflected by intimal arteritis implicates that C3c contributes to tubulointerstitial injury in ANCA GN.

Possibilities of cytological diagnostics in gynecology. Human papillomavirus as an interdisciplinary problem

2022 ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Oksana Anatolievna Gizinger ◽  
◽  
Irina Yurievna Lepina ◽  
Marina Nikolaevna Bagdasaryan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Cytological Examination ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Current Stage ◽  
Cytological Diagnostics

The article presents an analysis of current information on the etiology, pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis of human papillomavirus. It is shown that at the current stage of development of laboratory diagnostics there is a reliable screening test — cytological examination of smears taken from the ecto- and endocervix. To diagnose HPV, a combination of microscopic (cytological studies) and molecular genetic (PCR) diagnostic methods is used.

Adenomyosis – its possible effect on endometrial function and receptivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-209
Author(s):  
Karel Crha ◽  
◽  
Michal Ješeta ◽  
Radovan Pilka ◽  
Pavel Ventruba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
New Information

Summary Objective: There have been many studies on adenomyosis, which can impair the quality of life of a woman. There are various kinds of opinions on the pathogenesis, diagnostics and treatment of adenomyosis. The goal of this article is to present the current knowledge of adenomyosis and its impact on the endometrial function and receptivity. Methods: PubMed/Medline, Web of Sciences and Scopus were searched for the articles in English indexed until February 2021 with terms of: adenomyosis, endometrial receptivity, and infertility. Results: Recent studies on angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the endometrium bring new information on the ethiology and pathogenesis of adenomyosis. In clinical practice, the main diagnostic methods of adenomyosis include transvaginal ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging or hysteroscopy, although the definitive confirmation is set by histopathological examination. The rules of #Enzian classification of endometriosis should be applied for the classification of adenomyosis. The treatment of adenomyosis should consider individual clinical presentation and reproductive plans of a patient and should be performed in centers for the treatment of endometriosis. Conclusion: Adenomyosis affects endometrial vascularisation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition/mesenchymal-epithelial transition; thus, it can be the cause of irregular uterine bleeding or embryo implantation failure. The research and analysis of endometrial proteome could lead to the new ways of adenomyosis treatment.

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