Examination of nutritional knowledge levels of physical education and sports stakeholders in gender variable: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background and Study Aim. Nutrition knowledge is related to dietary behavior in athletes. Therefore, it may also have an impact on performance. Athletes with better nutrition knowledge have more healthy dietary habits. This meta-analysis study focused on the impact of gender on the nutrition knowledge levels of physical education and sports stakeholders. Material and Methods. This study adopted a meta-analysis research design, which is used to analyze, synthesize, and interpret quantitative findings from an array of studies through advanced statistical techniques. A meta-analysis involves combining the findings of studies carried out in different places and at different times on the same topic and obtaining a quantitatively accurate result based on a large sample. This study employed the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA, v. 2.0) to determine effect sizes and the variance of each study and to compare groups. Cohen’s kappa intercoder reliability and outlier tests were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results. We focused on 31 studies with a total sample size of 4575. We calculated the effect size of each study. We found a statistically significant effect size in favor of female stakeholders (d = 0.15; 95% CI -0.22 -0.09) in the fixed effects model, which was a weak result according to Cohen’s classification. We determined a statistically significant effect size in favor of female stakeholders (d = 0.15; 95% CI -0.29-0.01) in the random-effects model. These results suggest a slight difference in nutrition knowledge levels between male and female physical education and sports stakeholders. This result can pave the way for further research. Conclusions. It is understood from the physical education and sports stakeholders that there is a weak difference in the nutritional knowledge levels of women compared to men. It is thought that people who study on sports nutrition and nutrition programs will benefit from the present finding. In addition, it is estimated that the researches to be carried out on the relevant subject will take the current study as a reference.

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The efficacy of n-3 fatty acids DHA and EPA (fish oil) for perinatal depression

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114510004125 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 104 (11) ◽

pp. 1577-1585 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Linda A. W. Jans ◽

Erik J. Giltay ◽

A. J. Willem Van der Does

Keyword(s):

Effect Size ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Perinatal Depression ◽

Post Partum ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Placebo Treatment ◽

Small Sample ◽

Future Research ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Beneficial Effects

Depressive symptoms are common during pregnancy and the post-partum period. Although essential n-3 PUFA may have beneficial effects on depression, it remains unclear whether they are also effective for perinatal depression. The purpose of the present study was to assess the efficacy of n-3 supplementation for perinatal depression, by performing a meta-analysis on currently available data. After a thorough literature search, we included seven randomised controlled trials in the meta-analysis, all with EPA and/or DHA supplementation. Most studies were judged to be of low-to-moderate quality, mainly due to small sample sizes and failure to adhere to Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials guidelines. Some studies were not primarily designed to address perinatal depression. A total of 309 women on n-3 fatty acid supplementation were compared with 303 women on placebo treatment. n-3 Supplementation was not found to be significantly more effective than placebo at post-treatment with a pooled effect size (Hedges's g) of − 0·03 (95 % CI − 0·18, 0·13; P = 0·76) using a fixed-effects model. Heterogeneity was low-to-moderate (I2 = 30 %). In a subgroup analysis of three small studies of pregnant women with major depression, there was some indication of effectiveness (effect size 0·17; 95 % CI − 0·21, 0·55). In conclusion, the question of whether EPA and DHA administration is effective in the prevention or treatment of perinatal depression cannot be answered yet. Future research should focus on women who are clinically depressed (or at risk). The quality of research in this area needs to improve.

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Effects of TACE and preventive antiviral therapy on HBV reactivation and subsequent hepatitis in hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis

Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1093/jjco/hyz046 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (7) ◽

pp. 646-655 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Su-Su Zhang ◽

Jin-Xia Liu ◽

Jing Zhu ◽

Ming-Bing Xiao ◽

Cui-Hua Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Antiviral Therapy ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Hbv Reactivation ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Central Register ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background and aim The impact of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and preventive antiviral therapy on the occurrence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation and subsequent hepatitis remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of TACE and preventive antiviral therapy on the risk of HBV reactivation and subsequent hepatitis. Meanwhile, we explored the role of HBeAg status in HBV reactivation after TACE. Methods We performed this meta-analysis with 11 included studies to assess the effect of TACE and preventive antiviral therapy on predicting clinical outcomes in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The pooled odds ratios (OR) were calculated using a random or fixed effects model. PUBMED, MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled were searched for the included articles (from 2000 to December 2017). Results Our results showed that TACE significantly increased the risk of HBV reactivation (OR: 3.70; 95% CI 1.45–9.42; P < 0.01) and subsequent hepatitis (OR: 4.30; 95% CI 2.28–8.13; P < 0.01) in HCC patients. There was no significant difference in HBV reactivation after TACE between HBeAg positive and negative patients (OR: 1.28; 95% CI 0.31–5.34; P = 0.73). Preventive antiviral therapy could statistically reduce the rate of HBV reactivation (OR: 0.08; 95% CI 0.02–0.32; P < 0.01) and hepatitis (OR: 0.22; 95% CI 0.06–0.80; P = 0.02) in those with TACE treatment. Conclusions The present study suggested that TACE was associated with a higher possibility of HBV reactivation and subsequent hepatitis. Preventive antiviral therapy is significantly in favor of a protective effect.

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Exercise is an effective treatment modality for reducing cancer-related fatigue and improving physical capacity in cancer patients and survivors: a meta-analysis

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/h11-082 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

pp. 892-903 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Elliott M. McMillan ◽

Ian J. Newhouse

Keyword(s):

Effect Size ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Exercise Intervention ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Control Groups ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Cancer Related Fatigue ◽

Effective Treatment Modality ◽

Underlying Mechanisms

The use of exercise interventions to manage cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a rapidly developing field of study. However, results are inconsistent and difficult to interpret across the literature, making it difficult to draw accurate conclusions regarding the true effectiveness of exercise interventions for CRF management. The aims of this study were to apply a meta-analysis to quantitatively assess the effects of exercise intervention strategies on CRF, and to elucidate appropriate exercise prescription guidelines. A systematic search of electronic databases and relevant journals and articles was conducted. Studies were eligible if subjects were over the age of 18 years, if they had been given a diagnosis of or had been treated for cancer, if exercise was used to treat CRF as a primary or secondary endpoint, and if the effects of the intervention were evaluated quantitatively and presented adequate statistical data for analysis. A total of 16 studies, representing 1426 participants (exercise, 759; control, 667) were included in a meta-analysis using a fixed-effects model. The standardized mean difference effect size (SMD) was used to test the effect of exercise on CRF between experimental and control groups. The results indicate a small but significant effect size in favour of the use of exercise interventions for reducing CRF (SMD 0.26, p < 0.001). Furthermore, aerobic exercise programs caused a significant reduction in CRF (SMD 0.21, p < 0.001) and overall, exercise was able to significantly improve aerobic and musculoskeletal fitness compared with control groups (p < 0.01). Further investigation is still required to determine the effects of exercise on potential underlying mechanisms related to the pathophysiology of CRF.

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The relationship between time to surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and survival in breast cancer patients:a meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-44882/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

YongCheng Su ◽

XiaoGang Zheng

Keyword(s):

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽

Random Effects ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Disease Free Survival ◽

Significant Heterogeneity ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Free Survival ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Abstract PURPOSE: This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the impact of delaying surgery in operable breast tumor patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) on survival. METHODS:An electronic literature retrieval was conducted on PubMed/Medline and EMBASE((between January 2000 and June 2020).The primary end point was overall survival(OS),secondary end points included disease-free survival (DFS) or recurence-free survival (RFS).The HR with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using a random-effects or fixed-effects model. RESULTS:The combined HR for OS was 1.51 (95% CI:1.30-1.76; P=0.000) by fixed effects model.No statistically significant heterogeneity was found (P=0.168, I 2 =31.3%).The pooled HR for RFS/DFS was 1.59 (95%CI:1.30-1.95,I 2 = 66.0%) by random-effects model,with significant heterogeneity. CONCLUSION:Our meta-analysis revealed a significant adverse association between longer TTS after NAC and more inferior OS and RFS/DFS in patients with breast cancer.Clinicians and patients should minimize surgical delay after NAC as much as possible.

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Investigating the marital satisfaction in terms of gender: A meta-analysis studyEvlilik doyumunun cinsiyet açısından incelenmesi: Bir meta-analiz çalışması

Journal of Human Sciences ◽

10.14687/jhs.v14i4.4830 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 3328

Author(s):

Rüstem Göktürk Haylı ◽

Emine Durmuş ◽

Ali Kış

Keyword(s):

Marital Satisfaction ◽

Effect Size ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Random Effects Models ◽

Marriage Satisfaction ◽

Relevant Field ◽

Trim And Fill ◽

Fail Safe

The purpose of this research is to apply a meta-analysis to determine whether there is a difference in marital satisfaction according to gender. For this purpose, 64 thesis about the subject of marriage satisfaction was reached from the databases of National Thesis Center of the Council of Higher Education. Theses included 27 theses with gender variables and data that correspond to the coding protocol. The sample of the study consisted of a total of 6,755 people including 3418 female (50,6%) and 3337 male (49,4%). The effect size of marriage satisfaction by sex was determined by using the Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) analysis method known as Cohen’s d in the literature. As a result of Egger's Regression Test, Orwin's Fail-Safe N, Duval and Tweedie's Trim and Fill method and funnel graph, it was determined that there was no publication bias in the research. In the study, a negligible effect size in favour of male was found both the fixed effects model and random effects models (Fixed: d = -0.12 Random: d = -0.08) and the study was heterogeneous (Q = 94.83, p = 0.00, I2 = 72, 58). The findings of the research were discussed in the context of the relevant field and some suggestions were presented.Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetBu araştırmanın amacı, evlilik doyumunda cinsiyete göre fark olup olmadığını belirlemek için bir meta-analiz uygulamaktır. Bu amaçla Yükseköğretim Kurulu Başkanlığı Ulusal Tez Merkezi Veri Tabanından evlilik doyumunu konu alan 64 teze ulaşılmıştır. Bu tezlerden cinsiyet değişkenine yer verilen ve kodlama protokolüne uyan veriler içeren 27 tez, araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemini 3418’i kadın (%50,6), 3337’si erkek (%49,4) olmak üzere toplam 6755 kişi oluşturmaktadır. Evlilik doyumunun cinsiyete göre etki büyüklüğü, alan yazında Cohen d olarak bilinen Standardize Ortalamalar Farkı (SOF) analiz yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Yayın yanlılığını belirlemek amacıyla uygulanan Egger’in Regresyon Testi, Orwin’in Güvenli N Sayısı, Duval ve Tweedie’nin Kırp ve Doldur yöntemi ve huni grafiği sonucunda araştırmada yayın yanlılığı olmadığı saptanmıştır. Araştırmada hem sabit etkiler hem de rastgele etkiler modeline göre erkekler lehine önemsiz düzeyde (SEM: d=-0.12 REM: d=-0.08) bir etki büyüklüğü saptanmış ve araştırmanın heterojen (Q=94.83, p=0,00; I2= 72,58) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın bulguları ilgili alan yazın çerçevesinde tartışılmış ve birtakım öneriler sunulmuştur.

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Dampak Kebijakan Moneter Pada Output Di Negara-Negara ASEAN Tahun 1980-2014

Jurnal Riset Manajemen Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Widya Wiwaha Program Magister Manajemen ◽

10.32477/jrm.v4i1.191 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 58-70

Author(s):

Nur Widiastuti

Keyword(s):

Monetary Policy ◽

Interest Rate ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Least Square ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

State Data ◽

Ordinary Least Square ◽

The Impact

The Impact of monetary Policy on Ouput is an ambiguous. The results of previous empirical studies indicate that the impact can be a positive or negative relationship. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of monetary policy on Output more detail. The variables to estimatate monetery poicy are used state and board interest rate andrate. This research is conducted by Ordinary Least Square or Instrumental Variabel, method for 5 countries ASEAN. The state data are estimated for the period of 1980 – 2014. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the impact of monetary policy on Output shown are varied.Keyword: Monetary Policy, Output, Panel Data, Fixed Effects Model

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A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis about the Effect of Bisphosphonates on the Risk of Skeletal-Related Event in Men with Prostate Cancer

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871520620666200521114815 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (13) ◽

pp. 1604-1612

Author(s):

Congcong Wu ◽

Hua Jiang ◽

Jianghua Chen

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Control Group ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Related Event ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Skeletal Related Event

Background: Although the adjuvant therapy of bisphosphonates in prostate cancer is effective in improving bone mineral density, it is still uncertain whether bisphosphonates could decrease the risk of Skeletal- Related Event (SRE) in patients with prostate cancer. We reviewed and analyzed the effect of different types of bisphosphonates on the risk of SRE, defined as pathological fracture, spinal cord compression, radiation therapy to the bone, surgery to bone, hypercalcemia, bone pain, or death as a result of prostate cancer. Methods: A systemic literature search was conducted on PubMed and related bibliographies. The emphasis during data extraction was laid on the Hazard Ratio (HR) and the corresponding 95% Confidence Interval (CI) from every eligible Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). HR was pooled with the fixed effects model, and preplanned subgroup analyses were performed. Results: 5 RCTs (n = 4651) were included and analyzed finally after screening 51 articles. The meta-analysis of all participants showed no significant decrease in the risk of SRE when adding bisphosphonates to control group (HR = 0.968, 95% CI = 0.874 - 1.072, p = 0.536) with low heterogeneity (I2 = 0.0% (d.f. = 4) p = 0.679). There was no significant improvement on SRE neither in the subgroups with Metastases (M1) or Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer (CSPC) (respectively HR = 0.968, 95% CI = 0.874 - 1.072, p = 0.536, I2 = 0.0% (d.f. = 4) p = 0.679; HR = 0.954, 95% CI = 0.837 - 1.088, p = 0.484, I2 = 0.0% (d.f. = 3) p = 0.534). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that bisphosphonates could not statistically significantly reduce the risk of SRE in patients with prostate cancer, neither in the subgroups with M1 or CSPC.

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Cultural and Creative Cities and Regional Economic Efficiency: Context Conditions as Catalyzers of Cultural Vibrancy and Creative Economy

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13137150 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (13) ◽

pp. 7150

Author(s):

Silvia Cerisola ◽

Elisa Panzera

Keyword(s):

Fixed Effects ◽

Local Context ◽

Creative Economy ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Creative Cities ◽

Economic Output ◽

Innovative Methodology ◽

Holistic Conception ◽

Panel Fixed Effects ◽

The Impact

Following the hype that has been given to culture and creativity as triggers and enhancers of local economic performance in the last 20 years, this work originally contributes to the literature with the objective of assessing the impact of cultural and creative cities (CCCs) on the economic output of their regions. In this sense, the cultural and creative character of cities is considered a strategic strength and opportunity that can spillover, favoring the economic system of the entire regions in which the cities are located. Through an innovative methodology that exploits a regional production function estimated by a panel fixed effects model, the effect of cities’ cultural vibrancy and creative economy on the output of their regions is econometrically explored. The data source is the Cultural and Creative Cities Monitor (CCCM) provided by the JRC, which also allows the investigation of the possible role played by the enabling environment in catalyzing the action of cultural vibrancy and creative economy. The results are thoroughly examined: especially through cultural vibrancy, CCCs strategically support the output of their region. This is particularly the case when local context conditions—such as human capital and education, openness, tolerance and trust, and quality of governance—catalyze their effect. Overall, CCCs contribute to feeding a long-term self-supporting system, interpreted according to a holistic conception that includes economic, social, cultural, and environmental domains.

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Statin use and clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Postgraduate Medical Journal ◽

10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-139172 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. postgradmedj-2020-139172

Author(s):

Rimesh Pal ◽

Mainak Banerjee ◽

Urmila Yadav ◽

Sukrita Bhattacharjee

Keyword(s):

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Adjusted Risk ◽

Risk Estimates ◽

Statin Use

PurposeObservations studies have shown that prior use of statins is associated with a reduced risk of adverse clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. However, the available data are limited, inconsistent and conflicting. Besides, no randomised controlled trial exists in this regard. Hence, the present meta-analysis was conducted to provide an updated summary and collate the effect of statin use on clinical outcomes in COVID-19 using unadjusted and adjusted risk estimates.MethodsPubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases were systematically searched using appropriate keywords till December 18 2020, to identify observational studies reporting clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients using statins versus those not using statins. Prior and in-hospital use of statins were considered. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Unadjusted and adjusted pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% CIs were calculated.ResultsWe included 14 observational studies pooling data retrieved from 19 988 patients with COVID-19. All the studies were of high/moderate quality. Pooled analysis of unadjusted data showed that statin use was not associated with improved clinical outcomes (OR 1.02; 95% CI 0.69 to 1.50, p=0.94, I2=94%, random-effects model). However, on pooling adjusted risk estimates, the use of statin was found to significantly reduce the risk of adverse outcomes (OR 0.51; 95% CI 0.41 to 0.63, p<0.0005, I2=0%, fixed-effects model).ConclusionsStatin use is associated with improved clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Individuals with multiple comorbidities on statin therapy should be encouraged to continue the drug amid the ongoing pandemic.

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Association between early bronchiolitis and the development of childhood asthma: a meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043956 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. e043956

Author(s):

Guizuo Wang ◽

Dong Han ◽

Zhengdong Jiang ◽

Manxiang Li ◽

Shumei Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Life ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Late Onset ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Later Life ◽

Analysis Data ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Registration Number

ObjectiveEarly life bronchiolitis has been hypothesised to be associated with the subsequent risk of persistent wheezing or asthma. However, the link remains controversial. The objective of our study was to evaluate the association between bronchiolitis before 2 years of age and the late-onset wheezing/asthma.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsPubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for studies published between 1955 and January 2020. Meanwhile, we also checked through the reference lists of relevant articles to see whether these references included reports of other studies that might be eligible for the review. Cohort and case–control studies assessing the association between early-life bronchiolitis and late-onset wheezing/asthma were included in this meta-analysis. Data were extracted by two independent reviewers. Results were pooled using a random-effects model or fixed-effects model according to the heterogeneity among studies.Results32 original articles with 292 844 participants, which met the criteria, were included in this meta-analysis. Bronchiolitis before 2 years of age was associated with an increased risk of subsequent wheezing/asthma (relative risk=2.46, 95% CI 2.14 to 2.82, p<0.001). After categorising studies into different groups based on age at the end of follow-up, geographical region and study quality, the association still remained significant.ConclusionsThe meta-analysis indicates an association between bronchiolitis before 2 years of age and the wheezing/asthma in later life. Well-designed and highly standardised prospective studies that better address bias due to potential confounding factors are needed to validate the risk identified in our meta-analysis.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018089453.

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