scholarly journals Design and research on a software and hardware complex for monitoring the condition of a pet

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-92
Author(s):  
Daria Krivonogova ◽  
◽  
Zoya Pedоnova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Blood Oxygenation ◽  
Optical Methods ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Current State ◽  
Animal Medicine ◽  
New Type

This article analyzes the current state and a potential use of pulseoximeters in veterinary medicine. Promising optical methods such as optical coherence tomography, pulseoximeter, and hyperspectral imaging have been clinically introduced into human medicine. But even though human and small animal medicine shares a personalized modern approach, biophotonics is still rarely used in veterinary medicine. Pulseoximeters are most often used when monitoring the condition of an animal during general anesthesia. Prospective optical devices for small animals, such as dogs and cats, should be reliable and resistant to damage (for example, due to bites or chewing), offering convenient and short measurements. The potential of using pulseoximeters for pet monitoring has yet to be explored. In this paper, we considered two methods of measurement, namely lumen oximetry and reflection oximetry. Based on the literature sources, we can conclude that the method of optical reflection oximetry has the same diagnostic value as the method of lumen oximetry and therefore can be used for veterinary pulseoximeters without losing the accuracy of pulse measurement and blood oxygenation. According to the results of the existing devices review, it was found that they mainly use the lumen oximetry method. This method is convenient for performing measurements in animals under anesthesia, but it is problematic for use on actively moving animals. The purpose of this work is to develop a new model of pulseoximeter for animals. A new type of the device based on an earlier unused method is proposed, and its advantages and disadvantages are described. Components for creation are proposed and a scheme based on these components is constructed.

scholarly journals Physiotherapy in small animal medicine

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 323-334
Author(s):  
Y. Samoy ◽  
B. Van Ryssen ◽  
J. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Human Medicine ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Animal Medicine ◽  
Physiotherapeutic Assessment

The benefits of physiotherapy have been extensively demonstrated in human medicine. Although physiotherapy has been performed in veterinary medicine for already several decades, it is only very recently that scientific research on this subject is increasing. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the different veterinary physiotherapeutic assessment and treatment techniques and possibilities, and correlate them to the data in the veterinary literature.

scholarly journals Current Review of Optical Neural Interfaces for Clinical Applications

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 925
Author(s):  
Younghoon Park ◽  
Sung-Yun Park ◽  
Kyungsik Eom
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Neural Interfaces ◽  
Optical Methods ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Optical Readout ◽  
Current State ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Living Neurons

Neural interfaces, which enable the recording and stimulation of living neurons, have emerged as valuable tools in understanding the brain in health and disease, as well as serving as neural prostheses. While neural interfaces are typically based on electrical transduction, alternative energy modalities have been explored to create safe and effective approaches. Among these approaches, optical methods of linking neurons to the outside world have gained attention because light offers high spatial selectivity and decreased invasiveness. Here, we review the current state-of-art of optical neural interfaces and their clinical applications. Optical neural interfaces can be categorized into optical control and optical readout, each of which can be divided into intrinsic and extrinsic approaches. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each of these methods and offer a comparison of relative performance. Future directions, including their clinical opportunities, are discussed with regard to the optical properties of biological tissue.

Modern IT-Technologies in Personnel Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
А. Зименкова ◽  
A. Zimenkova ◽  
И. Ржанова ◽  
I. Rzhanova ◽  
А. Лобачева ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personnel Management ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Summary Table ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Goals And Objectives

The article reveals the current state and prospects of companies using IT technologies in HR. The goals and objectives of the study are given. Examples of modern technological trends in Russia and in the world are given. The features of various services and sites that are used in the modern approach to personnel management and recruitment, as well as their advantages and disadvantages are revealed. An analysis is given of the current state of use of the latest technologies in Russia and the prospects for using them in the future. Conclusions are made about the need to improve the use of information technologies in personnel management, their modernization and, directly, the introduction of new technologies in the management of the organization's personnel. Also, a summary table is provided on the provided technological developments in the field of personnel management. All described sites and technologies will help companies in the age of rapidly developing technologies to increase the productivity and efficiency of both staff and the company as a whole.

ESEM - A multipurpose surface Electron Microscope

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 632-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.D. Danilatos
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Environmental Scanning ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Saturated Water Vapor ◽  
Surface Electron ◽  
Current State ◽  
Saturated Water ◽  
New Type ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

Over recent years a new type of electron microscope - the environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) - has been developed for the examination of specimen surfaces in the presence of gases. A detailed series of reports on the system has appeared elsewhere. A review summary of the current state and potential of the system is presented here.The gas composition, temperature and pressure can be varied in the specimen chamber of the ESEM. With air, the pressure can be up to one atmosphere (about 1000 mbar). Environments with fully saturated water vapor only at room temperature (20-30 mbar) can be easily maintained whilst liquid water or other solutions, together with uncoated specimens, can be imaged routinely during various applications.

scholarly journals Dynamic Manipulation of THz Waves Enabled by Phase-Transition VO2 Thin Film

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Chang Lu ◽  
Qingjian Lu ◽  
Min Gao ◽  
Yuan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Optical Methods ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Device Structure ◽  
Current State ◽  
Insulator Metal Transition ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Fs Laser ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
Thz Applications ◽  
Thz Waves

The reversible and multi-stimuli responsive insulator-metal transition of VO2, which enables dynamic modulation over the terahertz (THz) regime, has attracted plenty of attention for its potential applications in versatile active THz devices. Moreover, the investigation into the growth mechanism of VO2 films has led to improved film processing, more capable modulation and enhanced device compatibility into diverse THz applications. THz devices with VO2 as the key components exhibit remarkable response to external stimuli, which is not only applicable in THz modulators but also in rewritable optical memories by virtue of the intrinsic hysteresis behaviour of VO2. Depending on the predesigned device structure, the insulator-metal transition (IMT) of VO2 component can be controlled through thermal, electrical or optical methods. Recent research has paid special attention to the ultrafast modulation phenomenon observed in the photoinduced IMT, enabled by an intense femtosecond laser (fs laser) which supports “quasi-simultaneous” IMT within 1 ps. This progress report reviews the current state of the field, focusing on the material nature that gives rise to the modulation-allowed IMT for THz applications. An overview is presented of numerous IMT stimuli approaches with special emphasis on the underlying physical mechanisms. Subsequently, active manipulation of THz waves through pure VO2 film and VO2 hybrid metamaterials is surveyed, highlighting that VO2 can provide active modulation for a wide variety of applications. Finally, the common characteristics and future development directions of VO2-based tuneable THz devices are discussed.

scholarly journals Isoprostanes in Veterinary Medicine: Beyond a Biomarker

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Ashley K. Putman ◽  
G. Andres Contreras ◽  
Lorraine M. Sordillo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Biological Action ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Animal Medicine ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Oxidized Products ◽  
Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress

Oxidative stress has been associated with many pathologies, in both human and animal medicine. Damage to tissue components such as lipids is a defining feature of oxidative stress and can lead to the generation of many oxidized products, including isoprostanes (IsoP). First recognized in the early 1990s, IsoP are formed in numerous biological fluids and tissues, chemically stable, and easily measured by noninvasive means. Additionally, IsoP are highly specific indicators of lipid peroxidation and thereby are regarded as excellent biomarkers of oxidative stress. Although there have been many advancements in the detection and use of IsoP as a biomarker, there is still a paucity of knowledge regarding the biological activity of these molecules and their potential roles in pathology of oxidative stress. Furthermore, the use of IsoP has been limited in veterinary species thus far and represents an avenue of opportunity for clinical applications in veterinary practice. Examples of clinical applications of IsoP in veterinary medicine include use as a novel biomarker to guide treatment recommendations or as a target to mitigate inflammatory processes. This review will discuss the history, biosynthesis, measurement, use as a biomarker, and biological action of IsoP, particularly in the context of veterinary medicine.

Rating assessment of economic security of municipalities in the region

2021 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
M. S. Syupova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Current State ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
Negative Factors

Ensuring the economic security of municipalities is one of the key conditions for stable socio-economic de-velopment of the region. Recently, intraregional differentiation of territories has been growing, which increases the risk of the formation of negative factors that reduce the quality of life of the population. In order to neutralize and prevent acute social and economic problems, constant monitoring of the current state of the municipal econ-omy is necessary. As such a management tool, a rating assessment of the economic security of municipalities in the region can be used. The ranking of territories allows you to visualize the relative advantages and disadvantages of the development of territories. In addition, a systematic comparative analysis of controlled socio-economic pa-rameters will allow regional authorities to evaluate the results of the activities of local governments and improve the effectiveness of regional socio-economic policy. The article proposes a methodology for rating the economic security of municipalities, during which it is possible to visually assess the depth of the threats studied at the level of each territory. To this end, the proposed methodology is based on a system of indicators that identify the main problem areas of the socio-economic condition of the territories. To form the rating, the studied indicators are normalized and integral indices characterizing the level of economic security of municipalities are calculated. The methodology proposes criteria for assessing the level of municipal economic security (high; above average; aver-age; crisis; critical). According to the results of the study, a rating of municipal districts of the Khabarovsk Terri-tory was compiled. The study showed that the territories of the region are characterized by an unstable socio-economic condition. The leading positions in the rating are occupied by areas with an average level of economic security. Most municipal districts of the region have a crisis level of economic security, which provides for the de-velopment of a set of measures aimed at eliminating existing problems.

Exploring Valued Personality Traits in Practicing Veterinarians

2021 ◽  
pp. e20210051
Author(s):  
Andrea J. Kunze ◽  
Christopher Seals
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Emotional Stability ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Pet Owners ◽  
Medicine Community

We examined differences in valued Big Five personality traits of small animal veterinarians between members and nonmembers of the veterinary medicine community. Between fall 2019 and spring 2020, data were collected from an online survey sent to eligible persons across a US midwestern state. Eligible persons included veterinary office clients (i.e., pet owners) and persons practicing/training in veterinary medicine. Participants completed demographic questions and 10 Likert scale items about which Big Five personality characteristics they prefer in a veterinarian. Descriptive data were determined and checked for assumptions of linearity and normality. Data for the primary analyses were analyzed using Spearman’s correlations and Kruskal–Wallis H tests. Participants who were members of the veterinary community of practice valued the characteristic openness more than clients but valued emotional stability less than clients. Moreover, tests revealed that young adults (aged 18–24) valued extraversion more than all other age groups but least valued agreeableness. Last, participants aged 55 and older valued agreeableness and emotional stability more than the 18–44 age groups. Findings indicate individuals from different membership and age groups have varying preferences in what personality traits they expect in a veterinarian. Clients care more about their veterinarian being able to handle adversity. Older adults want their veterinarian to be trusting and creative. These findings encourage veterinary medical education to spotlight the development of skills congruent with these desired personality traits. Gaining such skills will be useful for veterinarians who seek to grow or build lasting relationships with clientele and colleagues.

The role of motivation in talent selection and ­development in competitive sport

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Current State ◽  
Talent Selection ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Performance Development ◽  
The Right

The early and long-term development of promising young athletes is a decisive factor in being internationally competitive in top-level sports. Among the multitude of talent criteria suggested in the literature, motivation plays a prominent role in the area of psychological characteristics. It is recognised in practice and research as a relevant criterion for performance development across all sports. This article provides an overview of the current state of talent research in the field of motivation. First, the most common theories of motivation in competitive sports are described, then different measurement methods and their advantages and disadvantages as well as the predictive value of motivation for athletic performance are discussed. Finally, implications for practice are suggested. It can be summarised that motivation in sport is conceptualised and operationalised in different ways and that the decision for the right measurement instrument depends on the goal of the assessment. To get a comprehensive picture of an athlete’s motivational status, it is useful to assess several aspects of motivation through different methods.

scholarly journals Cannabinoids on the Brain

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 632-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Irving ◽  
Mark G. Rae ◽  
Angela A. Coutts
Keyword(s):  
Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
Endocannabinoid System ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Cellular Targets ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Type ◽  
Reward Pathways ◽  
The Brain

Cannabis has a long history of consumption both for recreational and medicinal uses. Recently there have been significant advances in our understanding of how cannabis and related compounds (cannabinoids) affect the brain and this review addresses the current state of knowledge of these effects. Cannabinoids act primarily via two types of receptor, CB1and CB2, with CB1receptors mediating most of the central actions of cannabinoids. The presence of a new type of brain cannabinoid receptor is also indicated. Important advances have been made in our understanding of cannabinoid receptor signaling pathways, their modulation of synaptic transmission and plasticity, the cellular targets of cannabinoids in different central nervous system (CNS) regions and, in particular, the role of the endogenous brain cannabinoid (endocannabinoid) system. Cannabinoids have widespread actions in the brain: in the hippocampus they influence learning and memory; in the basal ganglia they modulate locomotor activity and reward pathways; in the hypothalamus they have a role in the control of appetite. Cannabinoids may also be protective against neurodegeneration and brain damage and exhibit anticonvulsant activity. Some of the analgesic effects of cannabinoids also appear to involve sites within the brain. These advances in our understanding of the actions of cannabinoids and the brain endocannabinoid system have led to important new insights into neuronal function which are likely to result in the development of new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of a number of key CNS disorders.

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