scholarly journals Facial Mask Use and COVID-19 Protection Measures in Jefferson County, Kentucky: Results from an Observational Survey, November 5−11, 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Seyed Karimi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Survey Study ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Jefferson County ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Facial Mask ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
Zip Code

Introduction: The transmission of respiratory infectious diseases such as COVID-19 can significantly decrease by mask-wearing. However, accurate information about the extent and proper use of the facial mask is scarce. This study’s main objective was to observe and analyze mask-wearing behavior and the level of COVID-19 protection measures in indoor public areas (PAs) of Jefferson County, Kentucky. Methods: For conducting the observational survey study, targets were indoor PAs, and zip codes were defined as surveying clusters. The number of selected PAs in each zip code was proportional to the population and the total number of PAs in that zip code. The PA pool in a zip code was divided into four groups, followed by random selection without replacement from each group. Results: A total of 191 PAs were surveyed: 50 of them were grocery stores, 56 were convenience stores or pharmacies, 39 were wine and liquor stores, and 46 were other stores. At least one unmasked and one incorrectly masked staff were observed in 26% and 40% of the sampled PAs, respectively. Also, in 29% and 35% of the PAs, at least one unmasked and one incorrectly masked visitor were observed, respectively. The rates varied by PA size and county district. Eighty percent of unmasked staff and 75% of the unmasked visitors were male. The rate of unmasked males varied from 50% to 100% across districts. About 66% of unmasked staff among all Jefferson County districts were young adults. More than one-fourth of all the PAs provided hand sanitizer for visitors’ use, and only 2% of the PAs provided masks to their visitors. Conclusion: Messaging about mask use and correct usage may need to particularly target the 19-44-year-old male population, as these individuals were the most prevalent among those unmasked and masked incorrectly. Additionally, businesses’ protective measures may depend on their resources to operate in such a manner. Hand sanitizer is easier to offer visitors, while staffing to regularly sanitize carts or funds to provide a sufficient number of wipes, gloves, or masks may present further opportunities for government assistance.

PERANCANGAN APLIKASI SENSUS PENDUDUK PADA BADAN PUSAT STATISTIK KOTA MAKASSAR BERBASIS ANDROID

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Nurkhalik Wahdanial Asbara
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
The Government ◽  
Population Ratio

Technological developments and changes in government systems are developing rapidly. Both of these lead to efforts to carry out duties, protect functions and serve the community. This encourages the government to take various adjustment steps quickly in line with the dynamics of development that occur. One of them is through a population census. The population census is an important issue that must be handled properly. The population census in this study takes population data in an area based on the number of male population, female population, ratio, and population density. The data was taken and submitted to the Makassar City Statistics Agency. Population Census is a presentation of information that has the ability to present accurate information, and helps facilitate the search for a population census data. The population census is carried out every 5 years which is carried out by census officers to carry out data collection to each resident's house, the data collection process is carried out by conventional recording and submitting it to the central statistics agency for database entry. With this application, it is expected to provide convenience to Population census officers to perform the process of inputting population data and the data is directly stored in the database without having to return to the office to input again.

scholarly journals Pharmacists’ Perception of the Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19) in Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11541
Author(s):  
Tamara Al-Daghastani ◽  
Odate Tadros ◽  
Shereen Arabiyat ◽  
Deema Jaber ◽  
Husam AlSalamat
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Second Wave

Objectives: To analyze the role of pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic, to measure pharmacists’ attitude toward COVID-19 safety measures (wearing masks, wearing gloves, isolation shield, good hygiene, etc.), and explore their perspectives regarding a second wave of the virus. Methods: This cross-sectional online survey study was conducted in Jordan during the COVID-19 outbreak in July 2020 to discuss Jordanian pharmacists’ awareness of safety at their workplace during the COVID-19 outbreak, their sources of information, and their predictions for COVID-19 vaccination. Results: The participants (n = 311) were all pharmacists mostly aged between 23–30 years old (45%) and female (83%). The primary source of information about COVID-19 was social networking (38.9%). Pharmacists were committed to social distancing (86.5%) and wearing masks (76.2%). They expressed levels of agreement to their role in decreasing COVID-19 spread (94.2%) and correcting false information (94.5%); they expressed levels of expectation toward concern about a second COVID-19 wave (83%) that would be more severe than the previous one (43.4%). Pharmacists expected that an influenza vaccine might be helpful in decreasing severity and spread of the COVID-19 pandemic (56.9%). Pharmacists expected COVID-19 vaccine development within 6 months of administering our study survey (84.9%) and that vaccination might be effective in preventing COVID-19 (93%) infection. Conclusion: Pharmacists expressed positive roles on COVID-19 spread through exemplary actions, self-commitment to protection measures, and public health awareness. Social media as a source of health information should be cautiously investigated, and pharmacists should always refer to evidence-based sources. The role of pharmacists is particularly important for the upcoming era of COVID-19 vaccination administration and awareness.

WIC Cash Value Voucher Redemption Behavior in Jefferson County, Alabama, and Its Association With Fruit and Vegetable Consumption

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelsea R. Singleton ◽  
William Opoku-Agyeman ◽  
Ermanno Affuso ◽  
Monica L. Baskin ◽  
Emily B. Levitan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Farmers Markets ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Jefferson County ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Supplemental Nutrition Program ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Cash Value Voucher

Purpose: To examine cash value voucher (CVV) redemption behavior and its association with fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption among women who participate in the Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Jefferson County, Alabama. Participants: Between October 2014 and January 2015, 300 women (mean age: 27.6 years; 66.8% non-Hispanic black; 45.1% obese) who participated in the Birmingham WIC program were surveyed. Measures: Self-reported information on demographics, produce shopping behaviors, and residential access to fresh produce retailers (eg, supermarkets and farmers markets) was examined. Fruit and vegetable intake was collected via the Block Fruit–Vegetable–Fiber screener. Participants who self-reported redeeming the WIC CVV in each of the 3 prior months were classified as regular redeemers. Analysis: Multivariable-adjusted regression models were used to examine associations between variables of interest and regular WIC CVV redemption. Results: There were 189 (63.0%) study participants classified as regular WIC CVV redeemers. Regular redeemers and other participants (ie, irregular redeemers and nonredeemers) were similar with respect to demographics. Regular redeemers were more likely to use grocery stores to purchase FVs ( P = .003) and consumed significantly more servings of FVs per day (β = .67; standard error = 0.24; P = .007). Conclusion: Regular WIC CVV redemption was associated with some produce shopping behaviors and increased FV consumption and among WIC participants in Jefferson County, Alabama.

Local Storytelling for Invigorating the Tourism Image- Focusing on TV Contents -

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Ji-Hun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Tv Program ◽  
Tourism Image ◽  
Validity Tests ◽  
Surrounding Landscape ◽  
Relationship Of

Area and surrounding landscape introduced by visual media stimulate viewers and positively affect the local tourism. Thus, this study aimed to identify psychological factors of viewers and provide storytelling and marketing implications to invigorate a local tourism (based on identified factors). Therefore, this study selected samples and conducted a survey study with targeting people watched a local or tourism TV program more than once. The reliability and validity tests were conducted to the collected effective sample. Moreover, a frequency analysis was used to evaluate the general characteristics of study subjects. Afterward, the fitness of a structural equation model and the causal relationship of each concept were verified. The implications of this study were as follows. First, when a story for a tourism attraction is created, a producer and people working for local tourism should work together to select an actor and a suitable subject. Moreover, a story should have many stimulus elements to give the viewer a desire to visit or experience the surrounding landscape and a famous restaurant. Secondly, a program producer must pay attention to provide accurate information so that viewers can trust the given information. Moreover, it is necessary for a TV program to deal with important information and do's and don'ts upon the cooperation of local tourism workers and people experienced the area so viewers can fully understand the situation. Thirdly, program producers and tourism workers must increase expectation by providing representative images and information. Lastly, program producers have to provide detailed information related to the introduced food, accommodation, surrounding environment, and experience. Moreover, stories should be presented in order to stimulate the emotions of viewers.

Der Wolf im Nationalpark der Abruzzen – Erfahrungen sammeln und Vergleiche mit der Schweiz ziehen | The Wolf in the Abruzzi National Park – Gaining experience and comparing with Switzerland

2002 ◽  
Vol 153 (4) ◽  
pp. 140-145
Author(s):  
Dani Rüegg ◽  
Paolo Camin ◽  
Luzius Fischer ◽  
Philippe Heimann
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
National Park ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Adaptive Behaviour ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Forestry Society ◽  
The Media

Slowly but surely the wolf is moving north and has reached the southern frontiers of Switzerland. Individual animals have already crossed the border and surfaced in the media as the«problem animals». The pressure arising from the wolf's impulse to settle will continue, and probably even increase. The working group Forest and Wild Animals of the Swiss Forestry Society spent 5 days in Italy on a field trip with the aim of collecting information and gaining knowledge of the wolf in Italy, in order to carry out a comparative study with Switzerland. In central Italy, where the wolf has always lived, hunting is not made impossible nor has cattle breeding ever been in doubt. In addition, local tourist industries have cleverly managed to market the wolf. The most striking feature is that the population in Italy understands how to go about their work without – or with a minimum of – conflict with the wolf. This is also the determining difference when it comes to coping with the diffusion of the wolf with as little conflict as possible. People in Switzerland still have to learn to cope with the wolf. Consistent and thorough herding and protection measures for sheep must be introduced and supported. The game populations in Switzerland are high but – as with sheep holding – not adapted to the presence of the wolf. Initially, therefore,attacks are to be expected in some regions until the game has acquired a more adaptive behaviour. The immigration of the wolf into Switzerland will hardly pass without conflict. Perhaps, however, it can be facilitated if the population of Switzerland can (re-)learn to live with the wolf. One great difference between Italy and Switzerland springs immediately to mind: while the population density is low in those areas of Italy where the wolf has its habitat, in Switzerland there are very few regions with a comparably low population density. This does not pose a problem for the wolf– it is adaptable – but it does add to the potential for conflict that can be expected to arise from the ongoing immigration. Within the present, ever-changing framework, humankind's relation with the wolf will continue to give rise to new questions. Successful answers and results will only follow from consistently solid work based on accurate information. This is all the more true because it concerns long-term development to meet a goal which calls for the integration of demands, claims,opinions and realpolitik, and the pressure from the wolf. We believe that our report contributes towards this goal.

scholarly journals Predictors of the COVID-19 Social Distancing Practice among Undergraduate Health Students in Samarinda City, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Hadijah Aspan ◽  
Pramon Viwattanakulvanid
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Target Population ◽  
World Health ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The Government

Social distancing is a health protocol recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for reducing the spread of COVID-19. Undergraduate health students play an important role in the dissemination of accurate information. This study identified predictors that influenced the COVID-19 social distancing practice and examined the sources of social distancing information among undergraduate health students in Samarinda City, Indonesia. This cross-sectional online survey study (March-April 2021) to involved 422 undergraduate students from medicine, public health, and pharmacy faculties at Mulawarman University. Binary logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with the COVID-19 social distancing practice. The results showed that age (AOR 1.47; 95% CI 1.97–2.22, p = 0.045), sex (AOR 2.26; 95% CI 1.38–3.69, p=0.001), and attitude (AOR 2.61, 95% CI: 1.75, 3.90, p<0.001) were significantly associated with social distancing practices. The top three sources of COVID-19 social distancing information used were social media (80.6%), websites (14.0%), and television (3.8%). The study findings encourage the government to disseminate more health information on social media and education programs to this target population.

Misperceptions regarding protective barrier method use for safer sex among African-American women who have sex with women

Sexual Health ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina A. Muzny ◽  
Hanne S. Harbison ◽  
Elizabeth S. Pembleton ◽  
Edward W. Hook ◽  
Erika L. Austin
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Safer Sex ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Jefferson County ◽  
Barrier Methods ◽  
Female Condoms

Background Barrier methods for HIV and sexually transmissible infection (STI) prevention among women who have sex with women (WSW) are available, although their effectiveness has not been systematically investigated. These methods are infrequently used by WSW. As part of a larger study on STI risk perceptions and safer sex among African-American WSW, we discovered several misperceptions regarding barrier methods that may be associated with their limited use. Methods: Participants were recruited from the Jefferson County Health Department STI Clinic and through word of mouth in Birmingham, Alabama, for focus group discussions exploring perceptions of STI risk and safer sex. Results: Seven focus groups with 29 participants were conducted (age range: 19–43 years). Several misperceptions regarding barrier methods were identified, notably the conflation of dental dams and female condoms. Descriptions of the use of barrier methods were qualified with phrases suggesting their hypothetical, rather than actual, use. Additional evidence that barrier methods are not actually used came from beliefs that dental dams and female condoms are available in major grocery stores or department store chains. Conclusions: Those providing sexual health services to WSW should be cautious in assuming that WSW have accurate information regarding barrier methods for safer sex. Sexual health services provided to WSW should include an accurate description of what barrier methods are, how to distinguish them from barrier methods more commonly used during heterosexual sex (female and male condoms), and how to use them correctly. Future studies are needed to address how effectively these measures reduce transmission of STIs among WSW.

scholarly journals Integrated Hand Cleaner and Dryer Product Design using QFD as a Solution for New Normal Era

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Putri Amalia ◽  
Setyawan Wahyu ◽  
Diyas Aledya Yahya ◽  
Ari Adrianto
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
House Of Quality ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Quality Function ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Price Range ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
Quality Function Development

At this time the coronavirus pandemic has resulted in new adaptations in daily life through new normal rules that have many rules against public activities such as using masks, keeping distance, and maintaining cleanliness by washing hands using water or hand sanitizer after interacting with objects or people in public areas. This resulted in increased use and demand for hand sanitizers and public facilities for handwashing. This study aims to obtain the design of cleaning tools and hand dryers that suit the wishes of the community. The method used in this application of Quality Function Development (QFD) by using matrix House of Quality (HOQ) to obtain the criteria of cleaning tools and hand dryers according to the wishes of the community. The results of this study obtained the design of automatic and integrated cleaning tools and hand dryers in one tool that uses a hand sanitizer made of natural antiseptic so that it does not require water and soap and with a price range of Rp.700.000

scholarly journals Association between smoking and obstructive sleep apnea in adult and aged male population – A survey based study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Ranjith Raj VPRB ◽  
Karthik Ganesh Mohanraj ◽  
Murugan Thamaraiselvan
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Present Survey ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Spss Software

Smoking is defined as the process where a person inhales smoke either from burnt paper or electronic cigarette with or without containing tobacco.There are various drugs and substances which can be abused in the form of smoking. In the earlier days smoking cigarettes were branded as an healthy lifestyle. One such deteriorating effect of smoking could be OSA abbreviating to obstructive sleep apnea.Obstructive sleep apnea can be defined as the obstruction of the airway either completely or partially during the sleep. India being a country with a huge population of smokers has inadequate public health awareness. The aim of the study is to analyse if there is any association between smoking and obstructive sleep apnea. Our study is a survey based study among the Indian population.No ethical approval was required from the study due to the self volunteering of the participants.Sample size of this study was n=100. Pre tested questionnaire containing questions based on smoking,sleep patterns derived from Berlin’s & STOP BANG questionnaire. Questionnaire was circulated online among 100 participants above the age of 18 using Google Forms. The results were first imported to Excel then to SPSS software for further analysis. The present study population had male participation of 57%, and female participation of 43%, 59% of the study population were not aware of obstructive sleep apnea,75% of the participants declared that they are not addicted to smoking yet 25% are addicted,96% of the participants population found the study to be useful. The present survey study concluded that there may be an association between smoking and obstructive sleep apnea in the adult and aged population.

scholarly journals Prevalence of unmasked and improperly masked behavior in indoor public areas during the COVID-19 pandemic: Analysis of a stratified random sample from Louisville, Kentucky

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0248324
Author(s):  
Seyed M. Karimi ◽  
Sonali S. Salunkhe ◽  
Kelsey B. White ◽  
Bert B. Little ◽  
W. Paul McKinney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Sample ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
City District ◽  
Public Area ◽  
Use Behavior

Wearing a facial mask can limit COVID-19 transmission. Measurements of communities’ mask use behavior have mostly relied on self-report. This study’s objective was to devise a method to measure the prevalence of improper mask use and no mask use in indoor public areas without relying on self-report. A stratified random sample of retail trade stores (public areas) in Louisville, Kentucky, USA, was selected and targeted for observation by trained surveyors during December 14–20, 2020. The stratification allowed for investigating mask use behavior by city district, retail trade group, and public area size. The total number of visited public areas was 382 where mask use behavior of 2,080 visitors and 1,510 staff were observed. The average prevalence of mask use among observed visitors was 96%, while the average prevalence of proper use was 86%. In 48% of the public areas, at least one improperly masked visitor was observed and in 17% at least one unmasked visitor was observed. The average prevalence of proper mask use among staff was 87%, similar to the average among visitors. However, the percentage of public areas where at least one improperly masked staff was observed was 33. Significant disparities in mask use and its proper use were observed among both visitors and staff by public area size, retail trade type, and geographical area. Observing unmasked and improperly masked visitors was more common in small (less than 1500 square feet) public areas than larger ones, specifically in food and grocery stores as compared to other retail stores. Also, the majority of the observed unmasked persons were male and middle-aged.

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