scholarly journals Challenges of Home Treatment/Care of COVID-19 Patients in Nigeria: A Public Health Risk and a Huge Deceit of our Time

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Azuonwu O
Keyword(s):  
Daily Basis ◽  
Valuable Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Home Based ◽  
The World ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Foreign Policies ◽  
Copy And Paste

Background: Coronavirus disease-2019 was first discovered in a highly populated city of China in late 2019, and has since spread to most countries of the world, causing several morbidities and mortalities. In the bid to contain the disease and curtail its spread, different countries have instituted several policies, and while these policies may work for some countries, it may not work for others. Nevertheless, the disease has affected over 19 million people globally, killing as many as 700,000. Yet, thousands of persons are still being infected on a daily basis. Aim: To x-ray and evaluate the suitability of home-based treatment/care of COVID-19 patients in Nigeria. Methodology: Peer-reviewed articles revealing information about COVID-19 and its effects globally were sourced from different electronic databases (including WHO, Pub Med, Science Direct, NCDC, etc.), and appraised to extract valuable data and information from them for the purpose of analysis and synthesis of developing robust body of knowledge. Findings: The results obtained from our search include some details about COVID-19 infection, the disease epidemiology, diagnosis, management and guidelines for home-based treatment of COVID-19 patients. Also, discussed in this study are some loopholes in the Nigerian health system and leadership that makes it difficult for foreign policies or strategies (on COVID-19 containment) to be implemented in Nigeria. Conclusion/Recommendation: Differences in lifestyles and cultures among different countries of the world means that there is no one-size-fits-all solution to the problems created by the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, each country is advised to determine which policies best suit the lifestyles and cultures peculiar to her inhabitants. There is literally no room for copy and paste syndrome

scholarly journals COVID-XIX-Net: Deep learning empirical comparison between X-ray imaging and POCUS for COVID-19 detection

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4A) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Kandil ◽  
◽  
Ali Kelkawi ◽  
Imtiaz Ahmad ◽  
Mohammed Al-Failakawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
World Health ◽  
Point Of Care Ultrasound ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
The World ◽  
Alternative Means

The novel COVID-19 virus has been spreading vigorously through the world, starting a pandemic that was never experienced before in our modern era. It is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome and carries symptoms such as cough, fever, and shortness of breath. In March 2020, the World Health Organization recognized COVID-19 as a pandemic, with more than 130 million cases in over 200 countries and over 2.8 million deaths since its discovery. With a limited number of test kits available worldwide and the rapid spread of the disease on a daily basis, alternative means of detection are needed. The use of X-ray imaging, CT scans, and lung point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) facilitated early diagnosis of COVID-19 cases. In this study, we leverage InceptionV3 and ResBlocks in building a deep convolutional neural network model, COVID-XIX-Net, to aid in the detection of COVID-19 positive cases through the detection of pneumonic patterns in chest X-ray images and ultrasound scans. COVID-XIX-Net is a multiclass classification model that classifies images into one of 3 classes: healthy, bacterial pneumonia, and COVID-19-induced pneumonic lungs. The proposed model architecture aims at accurately diagnosing COVID-19 cases while maintaining a low number of parameters. COVID-XIX-Net is tested on a balanced X-ray dataset composed of 1,011 images, and an imbalanced ultrasound dataset composed of 1,103 images. After training, cross-validation, and testing, COVID-XIX-Net achieved an accuracy of 99.9% with precision and recall of 0.99 for the X-ray dataset, and an accuracy, precision, and recall of 89.9%, 0.97, and 0.90, respectively, for the case of ultrasound dataset. Results are compared against recent literature showing promising results and great potential with only 24.6M parameters. This work can be further developed and trained to assist medical practitioners in diagnosing COVID-19 cases.

New challenges to the economic security of Russia and the world and counteraction methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1246-1263
Author(s):  
S.B. Zainullin ◽  
O.A. Zainullina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Economic Decline ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
The World ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Global Threat

Subject. The 2020 economic crisis has become a global threat to the economic security of States, corporations and households. The elimination of this threat to economic security is a key priority of the State. Objectives. The article is dedicated to factors of the current crisis, both individually and in aggregate, as well as forecasts of the economic development during the crisis. Methods. The study is based on the scientific knowledge as dialectic, a combination of historical and logical unity, structural analysis, traditional methods of economic analysis and synthesis. Results. We carried out the comparative analysis of crisis theories, forecasted the economic development of the IMF, the World Bank, the Audit Chamber, and considered analytical agencies in dynamics, taking into account adjustments when the crisis manifests itself. Counteraction methods are reviewed from theoretical and practical perspectives. The article also analyzed the international expertise in crisis management. Conclusions and Relevance. The economic crisis was found to be at its initial stage, with negative scenarios being more probable. Proposed and implemented, local measures can mitigate the economic decline, prevent massive bankruptcies and a social explosion. Meanwhile, measures to restructure the economic policy may contribute to overcoming the crisis. The findings can be used by federal government bodies to adjust economic policies, develop programs and strategies for the socio-economic development of regions, and economic security strategies for corporations.

How Phillips saw the light

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 29-31
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Business World ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Freak Show ◽  
The World ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
The One ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Reviews the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoints practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings The problem with developing a reputation of being something of an oracle in the business world is that all of a sudden, everyone expects you to pull off the trick of interpreting the future on a daily basis. Like a freak show circus act or one-hit wonder pop singer, people expect you to perform when they see you, and they expect you to perform the thing that made you famous, even if it is the one thing in the world you don’t want to do. And when you fail to deliver on these heightened expectations, you are dismissed as a one trick pony, however good that trick is in the first place. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

scholarly journals First Report on the Geologic Occurrence of Natural Na–A Zeolite and Associated Minerals in Cretaceous Mudstones of the Paja Formation of Vélez (Santander), Colombia

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Ríos-Reyes ◽  
German Alfonso Reyes-Mendoza ◽  
José Antonio Henao-Martínez ◽  
Craig Williams ◽  
Alan Dyer
Keyword(s):  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Total Sulfur ◽  
Zeolite A ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
The World ◽  
Porosity And Permeability ◽  
First Time

This study reports for the first time the geologic occurrence of natural zeolite A and associated minerals in mudstones from the Cretaceous Paja Formation in the urban area of the municipality of Vélez (Santander), Colombia. These rocks are mainly composed of quartz, muscovite, pyrophyllite, kaolinite and chlorite group minerals, framboidal and cubic pyrite, as well as marcasite, with minor feldspar, sulphates, and phosphates. Total organic carbon (TOC), total sulfur (TS), and millimeter fragments of algae are high, whereas few centimeters and not biodiverse small ammonite fossils, and other allochemical components are subordinated. Na–A zeolite and associated mineral phases as sodalite occur just beside the interparticle micropores (honeycomb from framboidal, cube molds, and amorphous cavities). It is facilitated by petrophysical properties alterations, due to processes of high diagenesis, temperatures up to 80–100 °C, with weathering contributions, which increase the porosity and permeability, as well as the transmissivity (fluid flow), allowing the geochemistry remobilization and/or recrystallization of pre-existing silica, muscovite, kaolinite minerals group, salts, carbonates, oxides and peroxides. X-ray diffraction analyses reveal the mineral composition of the mudstones and scanning electron micrographs show the typical cubic morphology of Na–A zeolite of approximately 0.45 mμ in particle size. Our data show that the sequence of the transformation of phases is: Poorly crystalline aluminosilicate → sodalite → Na–A zeolite. A literature review shows that this is an unusual example of the occurrence of natural zeolites in sedimentary marine rocks recognized around the world.

X-Ray Microanalysis of Art Glass Surfaces

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
R.B. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Metallic Surfaces ◽  
High Quality ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Work Area ◽  
The World ◽  
Glass Surfaces ◽  
Glass Workers

In recent years there has been a virtual explosion in the world of art glass. New glass formulations have brought a host of new colors into the marketplace, and the availability of low-cost, high-quality torches and other tools has brought art glass to the hobbyist. In addition to burn risks and possible cutting injury, there are a number of less obvious hazards that should be known to novice glass workers. One of these is the presence of heavy metals in or on glass surfaces and possibly in the atmosphere immediately surrounding the work area, presenting both potential skin contact and inhalation hazards. This study examines the metallic surfaces generated on five glass colors commonly used in art glass jewelry.

The Ethical Summons Extended by Le Clézio’s “Martin” and Other Casualties of Peer-Victimization

Janus Head ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-135
Author(s):  
Keith Moser ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Peer Victimization ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Nobel Laureate ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
Effects Of Bullying ◽  
Invaluable Tool

This interdisciplinary essay investigates J.M.G. Le Clézio’s short story “Martin” from the collection entitled La Fièvre (Fever) from the lens of recent empirical studies related to bullying. The 2008 Nobel Laureate in Literature creates a rending portrait of the physical and cerebral anguish suffered by casualties of peer-victimization. The profound inner turmoil experienced by the protagonist Martin mirrors the searing pain felt by millions of innocent victims around the world on a daily basis. Although the nefarious, long-term effects of bullying are often dismissed by misinformed individuals as a reflection of “boys being boys,” research unequivocally demonstrates that bullying is a global pandemic that should be taken seriously. In this disquieting narrative from the early part of his illustrious career, Le Clézio extends an ethical summons to the reader which compels us to think harder about the dire social consequences of bullying. Specifically, the tragic dénouement leaves little room for ambivalence concerning the author’s position related to the anguish experienced by casualties of peer-victimization. In “Martin,” it is the destabilizing realism that attacks the sensibilities of the reader the most. Although this text is a work of fiction, it deeply resonates with the reader given that deplorable incidents, which leave deep inner scars, like the one described in “Martin” occur far too often all across the globe. When analyzed in conjunction with the disconcerting research compiled by international scholars from around the world, “Martin” is an invaluable tool that allows us to catch a small glimpse of the unbearable torment felt by the victims of these heinous crimes.

scholarly journals Meta-Transfer Learning Driven Tensor-Shot Detector for the Autonomous Localization and Recognition of Concealed Baggage Threats

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 6450
Author(s):  
Taimur Hassan ◽  
Muhammad Shafay ◽  
Samet Akçay ◽  
Salman Khan ◽  
Mohammed Bennamoun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Learning ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Aviation Security ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Average Precision ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Shot Classification ◽  
Object Proposals ◽  
The World

Screening baggage against potential threats has become one of the prime aviation security concerns all over the world, where manual detection of prohibited items is a time-consuming and hectic process. Many researchers have developed autonomous systems to recognize baggage threats using security X-ray scans. However, all of these frameworks are vulnerable against screening cluttered and concealed contraband items. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, no framework possesses the capacity to recognize baggage threats across multiple scanner specifications without an explicit retraining process. To overcome this, we present a novel meta-transfer learning-driven tensor-shot detector that decomposes the candidate scan into dual-energy tensors and employs a meta-one-shot classification backbone to recognize and localize the cluttered baggage threats. In addition, the proposed detection framework can be well-generalized to multiple scanner specifications due to its capacity to generate object proposals from the unified tensor maps rather than diversified raw scans. We have rigorously evaluated the proposed tensor-shot detector on the publicly available SIXray and GDXray datasets (containing a cumulative of 1,067,381 grayscale and colored baggage X-ray scans). On the SIXray dataset, the proposed framework achieved a mean average precision (mAP) of 0.6457, and on the GDXray dataset, it achieved the precision and F1 score of 0.9441 and 0.9598, respectively. Furthermore, it outperforms state-of-the-art frameworks by 8.03% in terms of mAP, 1.49% in terms of precision, and 0.573% in terms of F1 on the SIXray and GDXray dataset, respectively.

scholarly journals Seaweed as novel food for prevention and therapy for life style related disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Lindarsih Notowidjojo
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Novel Food ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
The World ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Epidemiology Studies ◽  
Prevention And Therapy

Seaweed has long been known and consumed as a functional food and folk medicine, especially in people who live in coastal areas. Research on seaweed has recently increased with the surge need for alternative sources of functional food to deal with health problems related to lifestyle, such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Epidemiology studies have found that population consumed seaweed is on a regular basis have significantly less diet-related diseases.1,2 Even the largest population of old age is in Japan, which consumes the most seaweed in the world.1,3 In countries such as Japan, China, and Korea, approximately 66% of algae species have been used as a daily ingredient in their dishes for many years.

scholarly journals Identification of Nepal’s Soft Power

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 49-65
Author(s):  
Binod Khanda Timilsana
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Power Measurement ◽  
Power Indices ◽  
Political Values ◽  
Hard Power ◽  
Natural Beauty ◽  
The World ◽  
Foreign Policies

Soft power, according to Nye, is a particular power of attraction to a state based on the appeal of its culture, political values, and foreign policies (Nye Jr. 2004, p. 11, 2008, p. 96). In the changing paradigms of state powers from military strength, economic might, political power, technological competency to soft power endeavors, identification of own soft power is the process of measuring own strength. Hard power measures can be observed from out sides as well but soft power potentialities will not appear easily without systematic attempt to expose them in front of international actors. Hard power measurement is easy and more exact than soft power qualities. There are very limited academic attempts visible in identification of Nepal’s soft power. Great soft powers of the world are visible and measurable through soft power indices developed by different think tanks and research agencies. The soft power 30 and Global Soft Power Index are exemplary forums engaged in ranking states in terms of soft powers. Reputation, influence, political values, culture, foreign policies, enterprise, culture, digital, governance, engagements and education are the indicators of soft power. The newly explained taxonomy of soft power includes four subunits of soft power namely resources, instruments, receptions and outcomes. Buddhism is a powerful soft power resource of Nepal. Conflict resolution and peace process model of Nepal is another potential soft power. Culture, engagement in multilateral global and regional forum, natural beauty with the world is highest Mt. Everest, diasporic community of Nepal, social networks, public diplomacy and personal diplomacy are remarkable soft power properties of Nepal. Nonetheless, identification of Nepal’s soft power is in very preliminary phase.

scholarly journals Actual problems in food supplying to the world's population

Ekonomika APK ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 308 (6) ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
Bohdan Dukhnytskyi
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
The World ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Sufficient Food Supply ◽  
Food Shortages ◽  
Theoretical Generalization ◽  
Business Structures ◽  
Global Food

The purpose of the article is to investigate the problem of food shortages for a significant number of the population worldwide, taking into account the history of the problem, its causes, consequences, statistics and prospects for solving in accordance with existing trends. Research methods. Methods used: theoretical generalization - for characterizing international organizations and program goals that work to combat hunger, analysis and synthesis - for consideration the dynamics number of starving people on the planet and identify regions and countries with largest expanding such problem, comparative evaluation - for comparing absolute and relative statistical indicators in various aspects of the problem, historical - for structuring over time the measures taken to ensure sufficient food supply and their actual results, graphic - for better visualization the comparative statistics. Research results. Information on the responsible institutions that settle food shortages around the world is provided, key issues that need attention in the context of food insecurity are described, quantitative indicators of the global food problem are considered, the uneven nature of its distribution is highlighted, given list of the factors that deepen social and economic problems for the population, a clear link between poverty and chronic malnutrition is determined, critical remarks about the reality of prospect to overcome hunger according to the planned schedule are formed. Scientific novelty. An assessment of development the situation with the number of starving people in the world in the coming decades is made, taking into account an expected demographic changes and potential resources of agricultural production as a key sector in this problem. Practical significance. The provisions of the article are aimed at underlining weaknesses in the global food security system, detailing them and presenting to domestic authorities and business structures in order to find a balance between expanding export potential, participating in international initiatives and maintaining economical-effective agricultural sector. Figs.: 1. Refs.: 17.

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