scholarly journals Efektivitas Minyak Atsiri Serai Wangi (Combypogon nardus) Sebagai Insektisida Alami Untuk Kecoa Amerika (Periplaneta americana)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Anindita Riesti Retno Arimurti
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
T Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Transmit Disease ◽  
Essential Oil Compounds

  ABSTRAK Cockroaches are one of the most common types of insects around our neighborhood, and it is one of the most dangerous insects because some species of cockroaches are known to transmit disease in humans such as tuberculosis, typhoid, asthma, cholera, and hepatitis. Eradication of cockroaches can be done physically and chemically, the use of chemical-based insecticides can cause respiratory problems. In an insecticide drug containing natural ingredients contain essential oils, the content of essential oil compounds serve as an anti-insect drug on citronella. This study aimed to determine the effect of essential oils of citronella fragrance to cockroaches. This type of research was experimental. The population in this study were cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) obtained from the houses of villagers of Tanjung, Sampang, Madura. The total sample was 32 adult stage cockroaches. Data analysis was using free T test with error rate of  5% or 0,05.The results showed that cockroaches stopped moving with an average of 15.75. Based on T test results showed the significant results of 0.00 which was smaller than 0.05 then H0 was rejected Ha was accepted. It can be concluded that the essential oils of citronella fragrance have an effect on the death of cockroaches. Keywords: Cockroach, Essential Oil Of Citronella Fragrance (Cymbopogon nardus)

scholarly journals Anti-biofilm and Virulence Factor-Reducing Activities of Essential Oils and Oil Components as a Possible Option for Bacterial Infection Control

Planta Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (08) ◽  
pp. 520-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Reichling
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Virulence Factor ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Reporter Strains ◽  
Violacein Production ◽  
Essential Oil Compounds

AbstractPathogenic biofilm-associated bacteria that adhere to biological or nonbiological surfaces are a big challenge to the healthcare and food industries. Antibiotics or disinfectants often fail in an attempt to eliminate biofilms from those surfaces. Based on selected experimental research, this review deals with the potential biofilm-inhibiting, virulence factor-reducing, and biofilm-eradicating activities of essential oils and single essential oil compounds using Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Chromobacterium violaceum as model organisms. In addition, for the bacteria reviewed in this overview, different essential oils and essential oil compounds were reported to be able to modulate the expression of genes that are involved in the formation of autoinducer molecules, biofilms, and virulence factors. The anti-quorum sensing activity of some essential oils and single essential oil compounds was demonstrated using the gram-negative bacterium C. violaceum. Reporter strains of this bacterium produce the violet-colored compound violacein whose synthesis is regulated by quorum sensing autoinducer molecules called acylhomeserinlactones. Of great interest was the discovery that enantiomeric monoterpenes affected the quorum sensing regulation system in different ways. While the (+)-enantiomers of carvone, limonene, and borneol increased violacein formation, their (−)-analogues inhibited violacein production.For the successful eradication of biofilms and the bacteria living inside them, it is absolutely necessary that the lipophilic volatile substances can penetrate into the aqueous channels of biofilms. As shown in recent work, hydrophilic nano-delivery systems encapsulating essential oils/essential oil compounds with antibacterial effects may contribute to overcome this problem.

Effect of Plant Essential Oils and Their Major Constituents on Cypermethrin Tolerance Associated Detoxification Enzyme Activities in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 2167-2176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torranis Ruttanaphan ◽  
Wanchai Pluempanupat ◽  
Chutikan Aungsirisawat ◽  
Polnarong Boonyarit ◽  
Gaelle Le Goff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Cytochromes P450 ◽  
Detoxification Enzymes ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Activity Measurements ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Essential Oil Compounds

Abstract Essential oils are well known to act as biopesticides. This research evaluated the acute toxicity and synergistic effect of essential oil compounds in combination with cypermethrin against Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The effects of distillation extracts of essential oils from Alpinia galanga Zingiberaceae (Zingiberales) rhizomes and Ocimum basilicum Lamiaceae (Lamiales) leaves; one of their primary essential oil compounds 1,8-cineole; and linalool were studied on second-instar S. litura by topical application under laboratory conditions. The results showed that A. galanga had the highest control efficiency, whereas1,8-cineole provided a moderate efficacy. The mixtures of linalool, 1,8-cineole, O. basilicum, or A. galanga with cypermethrin were synergistic on mortality. Activity measurements of the main detoxification enzymes show that linalool and 1,8-cineole inhibit the activity of cytochromes P450 and carboxylesterases, which could explain their synergistic effect. Based on our results, the use of these mixtures represents an ideal eco-friendly approach, helping to manage cypermethrin resistance of S. litura.

scholarly journals Fumigant toxicity of some essential oils against Red Flour Beetles, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and its safety to mammals

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-776
Author(s):  
T. M. Sileem ◽  
A. L. Mehany ◽  
R. S. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Lethal Concentration ◽  
Median Lethal Concentration ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Garlic Oil ◽  
Garlic Essential Oil

Abstract Fumigant activities for three essential oils; Garlic oil (Allium sativum L); Chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and Nigella (Nigella sativa L.) were assessed at different concentrations against the adult and 20-days old larval stages of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in the laboratory. The accumulative mortality was observed at different exposure periods (3, 5 and 7 days). The residual effect of garlic oil that was the effective oil, on the treated wheat grains was evaluated with respect to histological changes in the liver, kidney, and stomach of rat fed on this treated wheat. The results showed that the mortality rates of treated stages increased with increasing the time of fumigation treatment. Moreover the highest essential oils toxicity at the Median lethal concentration (LC50) values for exposure periods (3, 5 and 7 days) to fumigation were (126, 53, and 47 mg/L air) for adult stage and were (79, 62, and 41 mg/L air) for larval stage, respectively in the case of Garlic oil treatment. While, the lowest essential oils effective was Nigella oil at the Median lethal concentration (LC50) values for exposure periods (3, 5 and 7 days) to fumigation were (3594, 629, and 335 mg/L air) for adult stage and were (1040, 416, and 227 mg/L air) for larval stage, respectively. The toxicity effect of various essential oils against adults and larvae of T. castaneum at the LC50at 7 days fumigation could be arranged in descending order as follows: Garlic oil, Chili pepper oil, and Nigella oil. The histological changes showed that the organs slightly affected at the fumigation for 3 days. It may be concluded that the garlic essential oil is the good effective fumigant to control T. castaneum in the stored products and it recommended that the fumigation period does not exceed 3 days. The garlic essential oil has the potential for applications in IPM programs for stored-grain pests because of its high volatility and fumigant activity and its safety.

scholarly journals Video Based Instructions Meningkatkan Praktik Kebersihan Diri Saat Menstruasi Pada Siswi Disabilitas Intelektual

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Endang Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Wa Ode Diana Harisa
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
T Test ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Based Instruction

Backgrounds: Intellectual Disability students must be able to master the practice of personal hygiene during menstruation skills. However, to teach this skill to them is not easy. They need certain methods to learn these skills to get effective results. Video-Based Instruction is one method to teach these skills. This study aims to determine whether there is an effect of Video-Based Instruction on the practice of personal hygiene during menstruation on Intellectual Disability students. Methods: This is quantitative research with pre-experimental type and one group pretest-posttest design. The data collection tool is a "personal hygiene" questionnaire. The data analysis method uses a paired sample t-test with the help of SPSS version 25. This research conducted at SLB Negeri 3 Central Jakarta with a total sample is 20 respondents selected by the purposive sampling technique. Results: Most respondents were 14 years old (20%), 7th grade (30%), get menarche at 12 and 13 years (25%). The mean score for the practice of personal hygiene during menstruation pre-test is 41.30 and post-test is 53.20. Paired sample t-test results showed that sig. (2-tailed) <0.001. Conclusion: The results showed that it received Ha, which means that there is an effect of Video-Based Instruction on the practice of personal hygiene during menstruation on Intellectual Disabilities students. The results also showed that there are mean score differences of the pre-test and post-test results, which is an increase in the mean score of the post-test results by 11,90.

scholarly journals The Effect of Damask Rose and Orange Blossom on Anxiety in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
Zahra Khalili ◽  
◽  
Zohreh Taraghi ◽  
Ehteram Sadat Ilali ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
T Test ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Damask Rose

Objective: Anxiety is often one of the biggest problems in human life and its consequences are quite noticeable. The use of medications for its control can cause side effects or drug dependence. Anxiety management, which is one of the most important nursing practices, can be done by non-pharmaceutical methods such as aromatherapy. This study aims to compare the effects of aromatherapy using the essential oils of damask rose and orange blossom on anxiety in older adults. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 60 older adults who were selected by using random numbers generated by RANDBETWEEN function in Excel. After obtaining a written informed consent from them, they were asked to inhale %10 damask rose essence for three nights. After one month, they underwent aromatherapy with %10 orange blossom essential oil. In each period, anxiety was measured by the Geriatric Anxiety Scale (GAS). The collected data were analyzed using paired t-test, independent t-test, and Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test in SPSS v. 25 software considering a statistical significance level of P<0.05. Results: Although the GAS score was reduced after aromatherapy with both essential oil (P<0.001), the changes in GAS score were not significantly different in the two periods using damask rose and orange blossom essential oils (P=0.729). Conclusion: Aromatherapy with both damask rose and orange blossom essential oils can reduce anxiety in the elderly.

scholarly journals Potential use of essential oils to enhance heat tolerance in plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masakazu Hara
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Heat Shock Responses ◽  
Essential Oil Compounds

AbstractIsothiocyanates, monoterpenes, and leaf volatiles that are components of essential oils induce the expression of heat shock protein genes in plant systems. Here, the modes of heat shock responses induced by the essential oil compounds and their heat-tolerance-enhancing activities are described. Traditionally, green manure produced from essential-oil-containing plants has been used because such manure is thought to have beneficial effects in fertilizing, allelopathic, antibacterial, and animal-repellent activities. In addition to these effects, stress (especially heat stress)-tolerance-enhancing activities can be expected. Biostimulants containing such essential oils may be able to maintain the yield and quality of crops under increasing ambient temperatures. In this review, chemicals that enhance the heat tolerance of plants are designated as heat tolerance enhancers (HTLEs). Some essential oil compounds can be categorized as HTLEs available for biostimulants.

scholarly journals Comparison of Weidht Gain in Injectable Contraceptive 1-Month And 3-Month Acceptors at The Independent Midwife Practice Tambaksari Surabaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Khoiriya Ardiani ◽  
Eko Nursucahyo ◽  
Tjatur Prijambodo ◽  
Muhammad Anas
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
T Test ◽  
Independent Practice ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Introduction: Injectable contraception is the most widely used type of contraception by Indonesian mothers because of its effective way of working, practical use, and lower price. However, in the use of injectable contraception, there are side effects, one of which is weight gain. Objective: To find out the differences in weight gain for 1-month and 3-months of injecting contraceptive acceptors. Method: This was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design. This research was conducted at the Independent Practice Midwife of Sri Retnaningtyas, Tambaksari District, Surabaya. The total sample is 110 respondents with a consecutive sampling technique. Data collection using medical records and statistical tests using independent sample t-test. Results: Analyzing the weight gain in the contraceptive injection acceptor that is the average injection of 1-month experienced of 2.16 kilograms and injections of 3-months experienced of 2.95 kilograms. The results of the independent t-test with a significance value of 0.039 (p <0.05). Conclusion: There was a significant difference in weight gain between 1-month and 3-months injective contraception acceptors, with the highest increase occurred in 3-months, injective contraceptive acceptors.

scholarly journals Microencapsulation of Jeringau Rhizome essential oils (Acorus calamus L.) using β-Cyclodextrin

2021 ◽  
pp. 189-194
Author(s):  
Ledianasari ◽  
Deby Tristiyanti ◽  
Elva Maulydha Tanjung ◽  
Lovelyta Barani
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Test Results ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Microencapsulation Method ◽  
The Way

Background: The way to improve the stability of jeringau rhizome essential oils is microencapsulation using β-cyclodextrin. Objective: To determine the efficiency of coating the jeringau rhizome essential oil with β-cyclodextrin and examine its thermostability. Method: The microencapsulation method used was freeze-drying with a ratio of 1:20 and 1:30. Results: The microcapsule efficiency at the ratio of 1:20 and 1:30 was 81.67% and 60.70%, respectively. The thermostability test results showed that the degradation constant of 1:20 microcapsule at 50oC and ambient temperature was 0.0054 and 0.0029, respectively, with a half-life of 128.33 hours and 238.97 hours. Meanwhile, the degradation constant of 1:30 microcapsule was 0.0182 and 0.0080, with a half-life of 38.07 hours and 86.63 hours. Conclusion: The highest efficiency is in the ratio of 1:20 with a percentage of 81.67%. In the thermostability test, the 1:20 microcapsule was better protected and had a longer half-life than the 1:30 microcapsule.

scholarly journals Job Stress, Social Anxiety and Social Skills in Male and Female I.T. Executives

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Urvashi Singh ◽  
Shalini Singh ◽  
Poonam
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Skills ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
T Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
It Executives

The present study was conducted to investigate the gender difference in job stress, social anxiety and social skills between male and female IT executives. A total sample of 200 I.T. executives (100 males and 100 females) was taken from the private I.T. companies of Gurgaon and Faridabad. Job Stress Survey (Spielberger and Vagg, 1999), Social Skills Scale (Albert, 2005) and Social Anxiety Scale (Liebowitz, 2004) were administered to measure these variables. Data was analyzed by using t-test. Results clearly revealed the significant gender differences in the above measures. Job stress and social anxiety were found high in males while females had better social skills than male IT executives.

scholarly journals PENGARUH DISIPLIN TERHADAP PRESTASI KERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. SEMEN BATURAJA (PERSERO),TBK. PANJANG PLANT

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
Umar Bakti ◽  
Hairudin Hairudin
Keyword(s):  
Work Performance ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
T Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Normality Test

This study aims to determine the effect of discipline on employee performance at PT. Semen Baturaja (Persero) for the length of the plant. The sampling technique used in this study is the nonprobability sampling technique. The research subjects used were PT. Semen Baturaja (Persero) Tbk with a total sample of 67 employees as respondents. The analytical tool used in this study is t test. To get the test results in this study, a classic assumption test is done, namely the normality test. Then hypothesis testing is performed. Based on the results of T-Test the results of the study concluded that discipline has a positive influence and relationship on employee performance. Keywords: Discipline, Motivation, Competence, Work performance Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh disiplin terhadap prestasi kerja karyawan pada PT. Semen Baturaja (persero) tbk panjang plant. Teknik pengambilan  sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik nonprobability sampling. Subjek penelitian yang digunakan adalah PT. Semen Baturaja (persero) Tbk dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 67 karyawan sebagai responden. Alat analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji t. Untuk mendapatkan hasil pengujian dalam penelitian ini maka dilakukan uji asumsi klasik yaitu uji normalitas. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian hipotesis. Berdasarkan uji t hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa disiplin memiliki pengaruh dan hubungan yang positif terhadap prestasi kerja karyawan. Kata kunci: Disiplin, Motivasi, Kompetensi, Prestasi kerja

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