scholarly journals Qualified athletes’ features of nutrition in cyclic kinds of sports

2021 ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
Oleksander Toporkov ◽  
Serhii Kotliar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clear Definition ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Know How ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Intense Physical Activity

The article considers the structure of nutrition of qualified athletes who compete in cyclic sports. Nutrition in the traini ng of athletes is important during intense physical activity or in difficult competition conditions, so there is a need to use specialized foods for athletes. The use of different foods in terms of carbohydrates, proteins and fats, provides a clear definition of strategies and tactics for their use, simplifying the planning of the diet of athletes, adherence to a diet and a uniform supply of nutrients to the body. It’s recommended to athletes and coaches to participate more actively in the development of the menu and pay attention to the increase in carbohydrates in the diet and the reduction of fats both at home and at training camps. Athletes' needs for macronutrients, vitamins and minerals should not be neglected. The requirements of the body of athletes for cyclic sports in macronutrients, vitamins and minerals are given. No matter whether you are an amateur or a professional, you should definitely make a balanced diet - and this is partly art, and partly science. First of all, you need to correctly select the nutrition, but it is very important to know how much and when to eat. It is also important to fully satisfy the body's needs for hydration. During an intensive training, you need to drink at least of 2.7-3.8 liters of substance per day, an average of 240 ml every hour. Water should be nearly half of the daily intake, but other fluids are also beneficial. Fruit – fresh, dried and fruit juice – are the important source of concentrated carbohydrates, which give the athlete strength for training and materials for recovery. All fruit are nutritious, but some are especially good. The best way to get a variety of phytonutrients is to eat different fruits.

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY – DIET CORRELATION IN A SAMPLE OF TEENAGERS WITHIN TWO HIGH SCHOOLS IN ROMANIA (SPORTS AND THEORETICAL HIGH SCHOOL)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Adriana Albu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Beef Meat ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Sporting Performance ◽  
Intense Physical Activity

Concerning the students practicing performance sport, it is necessary to ensure a balanced diet providing to the body all the nutritional principles. Furthermore, body mass is under permanent control due to the current trend of identification with the sporting performance. The study was conducted on a sample of 236 teenagers from a sports high school and from a theoretical high-school in Romania. Among these students, we have assessed the time allocated to physical activity, the diet, the physical development and the parents’ interest in their activities. Thus, we have found that 53.81% of the young people practiced physical activity daily over 60 minutes, with statistically significant differences overall (p˂0.0000). The dominant cheese intake is 2-3 times a week (32.20%), with insignificant differences overall. Chicken meat is consumed mostly 2-3 times a week (37.71%) with significant differences overall (p˂0.05), a similar situation being recorded for beef meat. Physical development ranges mostly within normal values (72.88%), with insignificant differences overall. All the intense physical activity carried out by the students within the sports high school is not supported by a proper diet, which is an alarming aspect.

scholarly journals Children and nutrition

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 2345
Author(s):  
Evren Ebru Altıncı
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Optimal Performance ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Energy Depletion ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Intense Physical Activity

It is possible to raise healthy generations by improving the awareness levels of the role models (parents, teachers etc.) who will shape the perspectives of future parents towards nutrition and physical activity. That children receive adequate levels of nutrition from proper sources, which is vital for children’s growth and development, is considerably under the control of external factors (e.g. family and friends’ eating habits, third person’s care/knowledge and experiences such as teachers/trainers etc.). Considering nutrition and the intense physical activity of preschoolers, which is an inherent characteristic of that development stage, and especially the children who are guided to do more intense physical activity, the case becomes more complex. Thus, with the aim to address children’s energy depletion from intense physical activity, it is suggested to provide children with attractive alternatives. Including some of these alternatives, this study aims to reveal the significance of an adequate and balanced diet as well as proper planning of physical activity and periodic assessments at the appropriate time and conditions so that the children who start regular physical activity display optimal performance.

INVESTIGATION OF THE ISSUES OF NUTRITION OF STUDENTS USING THE DEFINITION OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Alexandrovna Kozlova ◽  
Anna Nikolaevna Filatova
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adequate Nutrition ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Nutrition And Physical Activity ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Recommendations

The article touches upon the question of the relationship between proper nutrition and physical activity. A study of the nutritional status and lifestyle of students was carried out. The assessment was carried out according to several criteria: the daily diet and its components (this gave an idea of the substances that the body may lack), bad habits and the degree of employment in work or educational activities. The results of the study showed that there is a direct relationship between adequate nutrition and physical activity. Practical recommendations for adjusting the daily diet are given. Attention is focused on food products containing the greatest amount of vitamins and minerals, which, according to the results of the research, were not enough for students.

scholarly journals Introduction of aerobics in classes on physical education of student youth

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
S. Duditska ◽  
Y. Zoriy ◽  
A. Hakman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
The Body ◽  
Theoretical Interpretation ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnastics ◽  
Fitness Industry ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Sports And Physical Activity ◽  
Fitness Programs ◽  
Definition Of

Wellness fitness uses a large arsenal tools of various sports and physical activity. The development of the fitness industry contributes to the expansion and requires classification and definition of methodological features that determine the use of appropriate means. Health-improving fitness classes require students to have knowledge of the fundamentals of the methodology for introducing the selected types of physical activity. This article summarizes the information about the content of selective focus health related aerobics using practical material for the development of basic physical qualities and motor skills of student youth. The purpose of the study is to analyze the content of health aerobics classes and the introduction of modern fitness programs and technologies related to the development of abilities to solve motor and sports problems in physical education of student youth. The study was performed at the theoretical and analytical level. In the process of research we used the following methods: analysis of literature sources, methods of theoretical interpretation (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, generalization). Conclusions. In turn, regular aerobics and rhythmic gymnastics in combination with other types of wellness fitness have a health-improving and training effect on the body. The variety of fitness programs does not mean the arbitrariness of their construction - the used of different types of physical activity must comply with the basic principles of physical education. Experts in the experiment to determine the effectiveness of aerobics concluded that as a result of classes students have improved metabolism, normalized cardiovascular and respiratory systems, increased immunity to various diseases and help lift the mood.

scholarly journals Features of transcutaneous penetration of lead into the human body

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Nikolay A. Kashuba
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Mechanical Methods ◽  
Intense Physical Activity

Introduction. One of the features of lead is its high ability to disintegrate and significantly contaminate the environment. The contamination of hands or the whole body with lead creates a high probability of penetrating micro- and nanoparticles through the skin into the body. Nowadays, this process is not sufficiently studied. There is evidence that inorganic compounds or metallic particles of lead can penetrate through the skin into a human body. Material and methods. centrifuge 10000 rpm, laser emitter (wavelength 625-740 nm), optical microscope, voltampermetric analyzer ABA-2, Analysette 12 Dyna Sizer, magnetic stirrer, distiller, Na2S solution. The studies were conducted in 2017-2018 among the workers of battery sections of technical service stations in Ternopol - 17 people. The research results were processed by the statistical package SPSS 19. Results. The process of mechanical contamination by the skin with lead, rejection of micro particles from the surface of lead, and, to a lesser extent, ultrafine nanoparticles, which can penetrate the sweat glands, was established to occur. The studies have shown in the washings from the palms particles’ skin are detected mainly in the size of 1 μm - 100 nm. In the process of finding the particles of lead in the sweat glands, their length decreases to Nanoscale, allowing them freely entering the body. The decrease in particle size in the sweat glands occurs due to the formation of soluble lead compounds. Presumably, the main chemical contributing to this process is lactic acid. With increasing exposure, the size of lead particles in the sweat glands decreases. Intensive cleaning of the skin surface by mechanical methods, and detergents, followed by contamination with lead, promotes the penetration of lead particles into the sweat glands and its further spread in the body. The intense physical activity was established to contribute to a decrease in particle size, which suggests chemical interaction of lead with lactic acid and the formation of soluble lead lactate. The assumption is confirmed by studies of the composition of sweat, which is detected lead lactate. Conclusion. The lead ability to penetrating a human body transcutaneously in the form of nanoparticles and soluble compounds has been proven. Intense physical activity facilitates the penetration of lead into the body.

KORELASI AKTIFITAS FISIK DAN KOMPOSISI TUBUH DENGAN DAYA TAHAN JANTUNG PARU

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Titing Nurhayati ◽  
Hanna Goenawan ◽  
Reni Farenia ◽  
Adjat Setiadjati Rasjad ◽  
Ambrosius Purba
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Good Physical Condition ◽  
Male Player

Pencak silat refers to performance sport requiring good physical condition. This study objective was to investigate the correlation between the physical activities and the body composition (fat percentage) to the cardiopulmonary endurance in female and male player-categorized athletes of pencak silat at Pelatda PON XVII Jawa Barat. The subjects of the study consisted of 20 pelatda athletes. The athletes conducted test of cardiopulmonary endurance using Astrands bench, daily intake was measured by food records 7x24 hours, physical activity was measured by activity records 7x24 hours, body composition was measured by skinfold calliper. The data was analyzed using Pearsons correlation test. The conclusion, there were a close positive correlation of the physical activity to the cardiopulmonary endurance of all subjects, there was also a close negative correlation of the body composition (fat percentage) to the cardiopulmonary endurance of male athletes, while a weak positive correlation of female athletes.

PROBLEMATIC ASPECTS OF FIRST YEAR CADETS ADAPTATION TO STUDY AT THE MILITARY UNIVERSITY

2018 ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Vladimir Vladimirovich YAKOVLEV ◽  
Tatyana Anatolevna SELITRENIKOVA ◽  
Mikhail Ivanovich STAROV
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Adaptation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Military

We consider the aspects of adaptation to the process of training and physical education of first year cadets. Problems and aspects of physiological adaptation are designated and its connection with activity of cardiovascular system of an organism of first year cadets is shown. The main factor of the considered process of physiological adaptation is shown. The relevance of the study of adaptive mechanisms of the body of first year cadets during the beginning of their training in the military university is proved. The necessity of increasing the volume of physical activity for more successful adaptation of first year cadets to training in a military university is proved. Reflects the results of exposure to prolonged and regular physical activity, compatible with the normal functioning of the organism in which the person developing his adaptive functional reorganization. Studies of functional possibilities of cardiovascular system of first year cadets to specify Robinson's index (for the purpose of quantitative characteristics of the systolic heart function). The estimation of these parameters is necessary to complete the definition of adaptation possibilities of organism of first year cadets. The results of the study of heart rate, systolic blood pressure at rest are also reflected. All studies are aimed at determining the effectiveness of the implementation of the developed system of physical education of first year cadets, aimed at improving the adaptive capacity of their body, to improve the educational process in the military university.

scholarly journals Changes in body composition with a hypocaloric diet combined with sedentary, moderate and high-intense physical activity: a randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hernández-Reyes ◽  
F. Cámara-Martos ◽  
R. Molina-Luque ◽  
M. Romero-Saldaña ◽  
G. Molina-Recio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hypocaloric Diet ◽  
Moderate Exercise ◽  
Intense Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Group ◽  
Intense Physical Activity

Abstract Background There is evidence showing the effectiveness of a hypocaloric diet and the increase in physical activity on weight loss. However, the combined role of these factors, not only on weight loss but also body composition, remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a hypocaloric diet on the body composition of obese adult women throughout different degrees of physical activity during a weight loss program. Methods One hundred and seventeen healthy female volunteers were randomly assigned to one of the experimental groups: a control group with a low-level prescription of physical activity (1–4 METs), moderate physical activity group that performed 10.000 steps walking (5–8 METs) and intense physical activity group that trained exercises by at least 70% of VO2max three times a week (> 8 METs). All subjects followed a hypocaloric diet designed with a reduction of 500 kcal/day. Nutritional counseling was provided throughout the study period to help ensure dietary adherence. Results We found no differences in body weight compared to moderate and intense physical activity (ßstand. = − 0.138 vs. ßstand. = − 0.139). Body fat was lower in women following an intense activity (ßstand. = − 0.436) than those with moderate exercise (ßstand. = − 0.231). The high-intense activity also increased muscle mass at the end of the intervention, standing out above the moderate activity (ßstand. = 0.182 vs. ßstand. = 0.008). Conclusions These findings indicate that a hypocaloric diet, without prescription of physical activity, is adequate to lose weight in the short term (12 weeks), but physical activity is vital to modify the body composition in women with obesity. Body fat was lower when women practiced a moderate exercise compared to hypocaloric diet only, but an intense physical activity was the most effective protocol to obtain a reduction of body fat and maintain muscle mass. Trial registration The study protocol complied with the Declaration of Helsinki for medical studies, it was approved by the bioethical committee of Córdoba University, in the Department of Health at the Regional Government of Andalusia (Act n°284, ref.4156) and retrospectively registered in clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03833791). Registered 2 January 2019.

scholarly journals Investigation of musculoskeletal system injuries in athletes doing bodybuilding and fitness sportsVücut geliştirme ve fitness sporu yapanlarda, kas, iskelet sistemi sakatlıklarının belirlenmesi

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 4023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erkan Çetinkaya ◽  
Halil Tanır ◽  
Emrah Atay ◽  
Çilem Bulut ◽  
Hamdullah Engin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Body Building ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Weekly Training ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fitness Training

The aim of this research is to investigate the musculoskeletal system injuries in athletes doing bodybuilding and fitness sports.The population of the study consists of 143 female (34.5%) and 272 (65.5%) male participants aged between 16-60 (26.16 ± 8.83) doing body building and fitness training in the gymnasiums located in İzmir, Denizli, Aydın, Manisa and Muğla. The "Extended Nordic Musculoskeletal System Questionnaire (ENMSQ)" was used to question musculoskeletal disorders. ENMSQ asks yes / no whether there is pain, pain or discomfort in the nine body regions up to now, within the last 12 months, within the last four weeks, and on the day the assessment is made. The Nordic Musculoskeletal The data obtained from ENMSQ was calculated at a significance level of 0.05 in the 95% confidence interval by the SPSS 22.0 package program.In the study, it was found that there was no significant difference between individuals in terms of getting injured according to variables such as gender, sports training, warming exercises before training (p>0.05); There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between individuals in the knee region according to age variable; on shoulder and knee regions according to BMI values, elbow, hand-wrist and forearm and foot-to-foot area according to frequency of weekly training.In the study, it was concluded that increase in the likelihood of getting injured in the knee and shoulder regions due to increase in age and BMI values for the athletes doing body building and fitness sports. Therefore, doing regular physical activity, adequate and     balanced diet should be regulated the body weight according to height in order to avoid injuries in knee and shoulder areas. In addition, the study found that as the frequency of weekly training decreased in those engaged in body building and fitness, there were increases in elbows, hand-wrists and injuries to the forearms and foot-to-foot areas of them. Therefore, the likelihood of getting injured in the elbow, hand-wrist and forearm and foot-ankle regions can be reduced by increasing the frequency of weekly training and broadening its scope.Extended English abstract is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu araştırmanın amacı vücut geliştirme ve fitness sporu yapanlarda görülen, kas-iskelet sistemi sakatlıklarının belirlenmesidir.Araştırmanın örneklemini İzmir, Denizli, Aydın, Manisa ve Muğla illerinde bulunan spor salonlarında vücut geliştirme ve fitness antrenmanlarına katılan, yaşları 16-60 (26.16±8.83) arasında değişen, 143’ü kadın (%34.5) ve 272‘si erkek (%65.5) olmak üzere 415 gönüllü kişi oluşturmuştur. Kas iskelet sistemi rahatsızlıklarını sorgulamak amacıyla “Genişletilmiş Nordic Kas İskelet Sistemi Anketi (GNKİSA)” kullanıldı. GNKİSA, dokuz vücut bölgesinde şimdiye kadar, son 12 ay içinde, son dört hafta içinde ve değerlendirmenin yapıldığı gün, acı, ağrı veya rahatsızlık olup olmadığını evet/hayır şeklinde sorgular. GNKİSA’dan elde edilen veriler SPSS 22.0 paket programında %95 güven aralığında 0.05 anlamlılık düzeyinde değerlendirildi.Yapılan istatistiki analizlerde yaş değişkenine göre diz bölgesinden; BKİ değerlerine göre omuz ve diz bölgelerinden; haftalık antrenman yapma sıklığına göre dirsek, el-el bileği ve ön kol ile ayak-ayak bileği bölgelerinden sakatlık geçiren ve geçirmeyen bireyler arasında anlamlı bir farklılığın olduğu görüldü (p<0.05).Araştırmada vücut geliştirme ve fitness sporuyla uğraşanlarda yaş ve BKİ değerlerinin artışına bağlı olarak diz ve omuz bölgelerinde sakatlıklarının görülme oranında artışların olduğu sonucuna ulaşıldı. Bu nedenle diz ve omuz bölgelerinde sakatlıklarla karşılaşmamak için düzenli fiziksel aktiviteye katılım, yeterli ve dengeli beslenme ile boy uzunluğuna uygun vücut ağırlığının denetimi sağlanmalıdır. Buna ek olarak, araştırmada vücut geliştirme ve fitness sporuyla uğraşanlarda haftalık antrenman sıklığı azaldıkça dirsek, el-el bileği ve ön kol ile ayak-ayak bileği bölgelerinde görülen sakatlıklarda artışların olduğu ortaya konuldu. Bundan dolayı haftalık antrenman sıklığının arttırılması suretiyle kapsam genişletilerek dirsek, el-el bileği ve ön kol ile ayak-ayak bileği bölgelerinde sakatlık görülme olasılığı azaltılabilir.

scholarly journals Budowanie właściwych wzorców żywieniowych u otyłego dziecka. Studium przypadku

Ekonomia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-206
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Słoma ◽  
Brygida Adamek ◽  
Izabella Krenezel ◽  
Nicola Szeja
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Body ◽  
Daily Physical Activity ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Treatment And Prevention

Building proper nutritional patterns in an obese child: A case studyOne of the most common health and economic problems in developed countries is the issue of overweight. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of individual dietary intervention on weight reduction and build proper nutritional patterns in obese children. A boy at age 11 was referred by a pediatrician to a Metabolic Disorders and Obesity Disorders Clinic. At the time of the first visit, the body weight of the patient was 68.7 kg with a height of 1.54 m value above 97 centile of the OLAF program, obesity. Analysis of the food diary from the seven days before the visit, developed jointly by the patient and his mother, revealed excessive energy supply relative to daily requirements and an incorrect composition of the daily ration. For a half-year period, a balanced diet with a daily caloric deficit of 300 kcal was introduced. During regular follow-up visits, the nutritional education of the child and parents was further enhanced, and the importance of daily physical activity in the treatment and prevention of obesity. After six months of dieting, weight reduction was achieved. Proper dietary patterns have been implemented to the patient and his immediate family. Comprehensive education has resulted in the implementation of daily physical activity. This cannot only be an emergency intervention but also a basis for the prevention of obesity and its complications.

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