scholarly journals MAZHAB SARTONO DAN SEJARAH SOSIOLOGIS

Sosio Informa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mochamad Syawie

(The Sartono School and Sociological Histpry) - Today, social phenomenon is growing, to be more complex and intertwined. Multidicilpline approach is the logic method to meet the complex and multidimentional phenomenon. Monodicipline approach become useles in the social study context, because the result only able to write in narrative model describedon a narration paper. The narrative model only describe a narration without pretention relative with how and why it can be. The ideal type is a construct, something that be developed in researcher mind. The construct is an instrument to identify the concrete social symptoms. The professional who have linked with this area are sociologist and historian, as their analysis using both social and historical science. The impact of the symptoms rise the new subdicipline nomely historical sociology or sociological history. This indicate that there is magnify growth in the social science. The explanation shown above between social and historical science is intertwined, so the reproachement efforts need to be done continueing.

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Yusuf Yusuf

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan latar belakang Jepang di Bima dan reaksi Sultan dan masyarakat Bima terhadap kedatangan Jepang serta dampaknya terhadap masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan ilmu sejarah, sehingga tahap penelitian yang dilakukan adalah (1) Heuristik atau pengumpulan data, (2) Kritik (3) Interprtasi dan (4) Historiografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahwa Berdasarkan  pada pembagian wilayah kontrol pendudukan Jepang di Bima bahwa kawasan Indonesia bagian timur berada di bawah kontrol Armada (Angkatan) Laut yang berpusat di Makassar. Setelah menduduki Sulawesi Selatan pada tanggal 9 Februari 1942, Jepang terus melakukan gerak invasinya ke Nusa Tenggara, antara lain Kupang di Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) serta Bima di Kepulauan Sumbawa. Armada Laut Jepang dibawah pimpinan Kolonel Saito mendarat di Pelabuhan Bima pada tanggal 17 Juli 1942. Kedatangannya di sambut baik oleh penduduk setempat, sekalipun mereka (masyarakat Bima) di selimuti rasa khawatir atas rencana Asisten Residen Belanda, H.E. Haak untuk kembali berkuasa di Bima, karena itu dengan mudah Jepang menduduki Bima. Dampak keberadaan Jepang di Bima dibidang sosial diantaranya terjadi keresahan sosial dan porak-porandanya tata kehidupan sosial masyarakat. Agama dan adat yang selama ini dijunjung tinggi oleh masyarakat “terpaksa” harus dilanggar. Sementara dampak dibidang Ekonomi, berupa keterpurukkan Ekomomi, sebab masyarakat tidak lagi mencurahkan perhatian sepenuhnya untuk mengolah lahan pertaniannya. Penderitaan masyarakat berakhir setelah Jepang kalah dan menyerah tanpa syarat kepada sekutu pada bulan Agustus 1945. Sejak itu, pemerintahan pendudukan Jepang berakhir di Bima khususnya dan Indonesia pada umumnya. Kata Kunci: Pendudukan, Japang di BimaAbstractThis study aims to describe the background of Japan in Bima and the reaction of the Sultan and the people of Bima to the arrival of Japan and its impact on society. This study uses a historical science approach, so the stages of research carried out are (1) Heuristics or data collection, (2) Criticism (3) Interpretation and (4) Historiography. The results showed that based on the division of the Japanese occupation control area in Bima that the eastern part of Indonesia was under the control of the Naval Fleet (Force) based in Makassar. After occupying South Sulawesi on February 9, 1942, Japan continued to make its invasion moves to Nusa Tenggara, including Kupang in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) and Bima in the Sumbawa Islands. The Japanese Sea Fleet under the leadership of Colonel Saito landed at the Port of Bima on July 17, 1942. His arrival was welcomed by local residents, even though they (the Bima people) were shrouded in worry over the plan of the Assistant Resident of the Netherlands, H.E. Haak to return to power in Bima, because it easily Japan occupied Bima. The impact of the existence of Japan in Bima in the social field included social unrest and ruins of the social order of the community. Religion and customs that have been upheld by the community are "forced" to be violated. While the impact on the economy, in the form of deterioration in the economy, is because the community no longer pays full attention to cultivate its agricultural land. The suffering of the people ended after Japan's defeat and surrender unconditionally to the allies in August 1945. Since then, the Japanese occupation government ended in Bima in particular and Indonesia in general. Keywords: Occupation, Japanese in Bima


2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-253
Author(s):  
Ali Wafa

Abstrak: Guru merupakan salah satu faktor yang menentukan keberhasilan proses pembelajaran. Proses  pembelajaran harus ditunjang oleh fasilitas pembelajaran atau sumber belajar yang memadai serta didukung oleh kemampuan dan keterampilan guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif karena endekatan ini cocok digunakan untuk memperoleh pemahaman mendalam tentang fenomena sosial. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah observasi dan wawancara. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui (1) peningkatan mutu pembelajaran berbasis aneka sumber; (2) perncanaan pembelajaran berbasis aneka sumber belajar; (3) dampak peningkatan mutu pembelajaran. Hasil penelitiannya (1) dalam meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran sekolah melengkapi fasilitas atau sumber belajar yang memadai dan melakukan pembinaan guru-guru secara terus-menerus; (2) dalam perencanaan guru mengacu pada kurikulum khususnya silabus sebagai acuan utama dalam menyusun perencanaan pembelajaran dan disesuaikan dengan kondisi sekolah. Di dalamnya memuat materi, media, pendekatan, metode, dan penilaian; (3) pada tahun 2016-2017  banyak meraih prestasi baik tingkat Kabupaten, Madura, Jawa Timur, Nasional dan bahkan Internasional.   Kata Kunci: Mutu Pembelajaran, Sumber Belajar   Abstract: The teacher is one factors that determine the success of learning process. The learning process should be supported by learning facility  or learning resources that are adequate and supported by teachers ability and skills in learning implemention. This research used a descriptive approach because it is suitable for obtaining a deep understanding  of the social phenomenon. The methode was used in data collection are observation and interview.The purpose of this study is to know: (1) the improvement of leaning resources based learning; (2) the planning of learning resources various learning resources; (3) the impact of learning gualities improvement. The results of his research (1) in improving the quality of school learning complementary facilities or learning resources adequate and continuous mentoring the teachers; (2) in teacher planing refers to curriculum especially syllabus as the main reference in preparing lesson planning and adapted to school conditions. Inside determines the material, media, approaches, methods, and assessments; (3) at 2016-2017 a lot of achievement both district level, Madura, East Java, National and even international.   Keywords: Quality of Learning and Learning Resources


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-334
Author(s):  
Nurmala Dewi ◽  
Amelia Amelia ◽  
Tati Mardewi ◽  
Furi Indriyani

This study aims to analyze the social inequality portrayed in the Parasit movie directed by Bong Joon Ho. For research method, a qualitative approach is chosen to be applied which is content analysis as research design. In collecting the data, the writers use the Parasite movie as an object of the research, and search a lot of references from the internet and libraries to support the theories as baselines of analysis. Parasite movie depicts the two families’ lives, Park's family and Kim's family, where the social conditions and the daily lifestyles are very contrastive; the first family is rich and wealth and the later one is poor and deprivation. These social inequalities reflect a social phenomenon in the real world which becomes the motives for fraudulent and greedy character and gradually leads to criminal actions. The gaps between both families are demonstrated in some aspects, such as economy and work, education, house, food, and fashion. And the disparities shown by those elements indicate where the social class they belong and what the impact to their life.


Author(s):  
Walter Houston

The Hebrew expression in the Old Testament mishpat u-tsedaqa, conventionally translated ‘justice and righteousness’, has a particular application to the social responsibility of the king. The state, in the person of the king, is seen in the Old Testament as having an obligation to exercise its power on behalf of the most vulnerable. This may be illustrated by the widespread evidence from the ancient Near East of administrative and judicial action undertaken by kings to cancel debts, provide for the release of debt slaves, remit taxes, order the return of distrained property, and so forth. Although the impact of such measures would have been limited, and the tradition is attenuated in later levels of the text, the ideal of the state as the protector of the poor may be applied to the state’s relationship with the modern capitalist economy. It demands that the economy should be regulated to protect the most vulnerable against the impoverishment resulting from its transformation by globalized capitalism. The reality, however, especially in the UK and the US, is that the state colludes with capitalism to increase inequality and deepen poverty.


Author(s):  
Олег Омеличкин ◽  
Oleg Omelichkin

The paper deals with some theoretical and methodological issues of political culture typology. It examines the principal approaches and classifications and elicits their fractionality, eclecticism and diversity of criteria. It is emphasized that the differentiation of political cultures is supposed to occur on political grounds. The author understands the concept of culture as a specific system of values and models of political participation which are widely recognised in society and serve to structure the political process. Originally, they are not perfectly homogeneous and often act in various combinations with other types. The research proposes a typology of political culture based on the content-related and formative characteristics of the social phenomenon in question. The identified types present complex theoretical constructs which include variegated and non-random combinations of system-forming attributes and features. The author studies the role and types of political subcultures reflecting the impact of social, national, religious, geographic and other factors. He also substantiates the possibility of the esthetic evaluation of politics.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 414-423
Author(s):  
W. A. Yorose ◽  
E. Y. Tenkorang ◽  
S. Mariwah

There is increasing awareness in disaster research about the diverse ways in which disasters affect humanity. The impact of disaster stretches from individuals and households to nation-states. Most disaster discourses focus on the impact, mitigation, management, preparedness and response, but neglecting the issues surrounding the social and natural causes of disaster and their interrelationship. Using content analysis from previous studies, we review some of the discussions on disaster construction as a social or natural phenomenon. The review showed that issues about disaster construction largely centre on natural, social or human and technological factors. It is concluded that the issues triggering the construction of disasters are central to disaster preparedness and mitigation, as they lay the platform upon which decisions are made regarding which policy to put in place to prevent, mitigate or prepare for disasters. Keywords: Disaster, Literature Review, Management, Natural Phenomenon, Social Phenomenon, Mitigation


2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Obie

Abstract: Society and culture of human being always change as an ever –present phenomena in the world. A distinction is sometimes made then between processes of change within the social structure, which serve in part to maintain the structure, and, even the processes itself can be slow or fast through evolusion and revolusion.   One of the factors that quicken the social change process is the government interventions. This study aims at analyzing the social change on the Bajo Tribe community as the impact of various government programs at Tomini bay coastal. This research used strategy of historical sociology. The kinds of data collected were primer and secondary data that were analyzed by using qualitative approac. The result showed that various   government programs at Tomini bay, such as designating conservation area, granting concession license to private sectors through forest concession right (FCR)), indefeasible right of use (IRU), and fishing industry at the bay had caused the loss of access of the Bajo tribe community to coastal and marine resources area. Various interventions of government programs had implication on resettlement of the Bajo tribe community, causing the Bajo tribe divided into sea Bajo and land Bajo. The loss of access of the Bajo tribe to coastal and marine resources caused traditional institution weaken which made its philosophy of living in harmony with nature, and  conservation ethics fade away, its local wisdom, and self identity lose, and its social capital destructed.  الملخص: كان المجتمع وحضارته متغيّرين في أيّ كان المجتمع وهذه الحضارة. ويكون الفرق في كون هذا التغيّر. قد تكون عملية التغيّر متمهّلة أو سريعة وقد تكون عن طريق التطوّر والثّورة. وأحد العناصر المسرعة في عملية هذا التغيّر هو تدخّل الحكومة. حاولت هذه الدراسة تحليل التغيّر الاجتماعي في قبيلة "باجو" نتيجة لتطبيق البرامج الحكومية في سواحل خليج توميني. استخدمت هذه الدراسة الأسلوب الاجتماعي التاريخي. والبيانات المحصولة عليها في شكل البيانات الأولية والبيانات الثانوية ويكون تحليل البيانات بالمدخل الكيفي. دلّت نتائج البحث على أن البرامج المتنوّعة من الحكومة في ساحل خليج توميني في شكل اثبات مناطق الحفاظ، وتسليم الإذن لعملية الحفاظ تجاه الشركات الأهلية عن طريق HPH وHGU و تربية الأسماك (بركة الأسماك)، وأدت هذه البرامج إلى ضياع فرصة الاستفادة لقبيلة باجو تجاه الموارد السواحلية والبحرية. وتدخّل برامج الحكومة أدى إلى إعادة توطين مجتمع باجو وتفريقهم إلى مجتمع باجو البحري ومجتمع باجو البرّيّ.  وضياع فرصة الاستفادة لمجتمع باجو تجاه موارد الطاقات السواحلية والبحرية أدّى إلى ضعف المؤسسات التقاليدية وأدّى هذا إلى تلاشي فلسفة الحياة المنسجمة بالعالم. وتلاشي خُلق عملية الحفاظ، وضياع الحكمة المحلية، وتلاشى الهوية وفساد الرأسمال الإجتماعي.  Abstrak: Masyarakat dan kebudayaan manusia di manapun pada dasarnya selalu  berada dalam keadaan berubah. Perbedaannya ada yang berlangsung secara lambat, cepat, atau bahkan melalui proses evolusi dan revolusi. Salah satu faktor yang mempercepat proses perubahan sosial adalah intervensi pemerintah. Kajian ini bertujuan menguraikan perubahan sosial pada komunitas Suku Bajo sebagai akibat masuknya berbagai program pemerintah di pesisir Teluk Tomini. Penelitian ini menggunakan strategi sosiologi sejarah (historical sociology). Jenis data yang terkumpul berupa data primer dan data sekunder, yang dianalisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa berbagai program pemerintah di pesisir Teluk Tomini, berupa penetapan kawasan konservasi, serta pemberian izin konsesi kepada swasta melalui Hak Pengusahaan Hutan (HPH), Hak Guna Usaha (HGU), dan usaha tambak telah menyebabkan hilangnya akses komunitas Suku Bajo terhadap sumber daya pesisir dan laut. Intervensi berbagai program pemerintah tersebut berimplikasi resettlement bagi komunitas Suku Bajo, sehingga menyebabkan terbelahnya komunitas Suku Bajo menjadi Bajo laut dan Bajo darat. Hilangnya akses Suku Bajo terhadap sumber daya pesisir dan laut, menyebabkan kelembagaan adat semakin melemah yang mengakibatkan memudarnya falsafah hidup selaras dengan alam, memudarnya etika konservasi, hilangnya kearifan lokal, hilangnya identitas diri, dan hancurnya modal sosial.


Rural History ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Wrightson

It is now roughly a quarter of a century since the proponents of a new social history of early modern England offered students of the period a novel agenda and an unprecedented opportunity. Prior to the 1960s social history had been variously understood as the history of everyday life, of the lower classes and popular movements, or as a junior partner in the relatively recently-established firm of economic and social history (occupied in the main with the study of social institutions and social policy). As such, it had produced more than a few pioneering works of outstanding quality and lasting value (some of them about to enjoy a revived recognition after decades of relative neglect). But it was not a field close to the centre of historical preoccupation. It was at best contextual, at worst residual.From the early 1960s, however, came a call for a social history of a new type, one conceived as the history of social relationships and of the culture which informs them and gives them meaning. The new agenda was deeply influenced by the social sciences and envisaged an ever closer relationship with sociology, social anthropology and demography. Peter Laslett wrote of ‘sociological history’ or ‘historical sociology’ and Keith Thomas of the need for a ‘more systematic indoctrination’ in the concepts and methodologies of the social sciences. As applied to history, all this was both radical and liberating. In the face of an established curriculum which appeared in many respects restrictive and in some dessicated, it proposed a massive and necessary broadening and deepening of historical concern: the creation of a range of historical enquiry appropriate to the preoccupations and understandings of the late twentieth century.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-254
Author(s):  
Arditya Prayogi

The popularity of the qualitative approach has recently increased. Especially in the social sciences (including the humanities), where this approach has its own place, although, the most important substance in science, namely the theory itself, is actually qualitative. This is further strengthened by the essence of a qualitative approach (in the social sciences of the humanities) which emphasizes the investigation of a social phenomenon and human problem. This article describes how a qualitative approach is used (particularly) in the science of history, as well as the various characteristics inherent in qualitative research which is so closely related to the science of history. This article was written using descriptive analytical method supported by literature study as the data mining process. From the results of the description, it is known that history as a family of humanities will inevitably (still) use a qualitative approach in its scientific description. This qualitative approach is in the form of a narrative-descriptive-analytical explanation of history, which makes history, apart from being a science, also a story. The task of history is to tell stories through narrative texts, so that a qualitative approach is embedded in the science of history.Keywords: Approach, Qualitative, Historical Science


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