Effectiveness of Matoa Leaf (Pometia pinnata) Extract as an Antibacterial Staphylococcus epidermidis

A natural alternative that can be used to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria is matoa leaves (Pometia pinnata). Matoa leaves contain secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, tanins, and saponins which are known as an antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of matoa leaves extract as an antibacterial agent for Staphylococcus epidermidis. This study used the disc diffusion method, using deodorant as a positive control, aquadest as a negative control and concentration variations matoa leaves extract of 15%, 20%, 25% and 30%. The matoa leaves were extracted using the maceration method with 96% ethanol. Antibacterial testing in this study was characterized by a clear zone or zone of inhibition around the disc paper. The results of the antibacterial test in this study have to different inhibition zones, that is a sample concentration of 15% the inhibition zone value is 0,125 mm. The sample concentration of 20% the inhibition zone is 3 mm. The sample concentration of 25% the inhibition zone is 2,312 mm and the sample concentrasion of 30% the inhibition zone is 0,875 mm. The extract of matoa leaves can be used as an antibacterial, because according to Pan Chen Wu Tang and zao (2009) the extract of matoa leaves could be applied as inhibitor of the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis at a sample concentration of 20% is in the weak to moderate category

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AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL BIJI KAPULAGA JAWA (Amomum compactum Soland. ex Maton) TERHADAP Streptococcus pyogenes

EKOLOGIA ◽

10.33751/ekologia.v20i1.1985 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 31-39

Author(s):

Oom Komala ◽

. Ismanto ◽

Muhammad Alan Maulana

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Natural Treatment ◽

Amomum Compactum

Streptococcus pyogenes is one of the pathogenic bacteria that causes pharyngitis. Natural treatment to overcome these problems is to use cardamom seeds. The purpose of this study was to test the antibacterial activity, determine the concentration of inhibitory zone and phytochemical compounds from ethanol 96% extract of Java cardamom seeds (Amomum compactum Soland. Ex Maton) against Streptococcus pyogenes. The method is used solid dilution and paper disc diffusion method. The solid dilution method is used for the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) test with a concentration of 1.25%, 2.5%, 5% and 7.5% while the paper diffusion method is used for the Inhibition zone Diameter (IZD) using five treatments namely three concentrations of ethanol 96% extract of Java cardamom seeds (7.5%, 10% and 12%), one positive control of amoxicillin 0.01 mg/mL and one negative control of sterile distilled water. IZD data were analyzed using ANOVA with a confidence level of 95% and α = 0.05 and Duncan's further tests to determine differences between treatments. The results showed that the MIC was at a concentration of 7.5% while for the IZD test which had the highest activity there was a concentration of 12% with an average inhibition diameter of 12.03 ± 0.14 mm. In addition, ethanol 96% extract of Java cardamom seeds contain alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids and tannins which function in antibacterial activity.

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THE EFFECTIVENESS TEST OF MATOA (PometiaPinnata) ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA TOWARDS BACTERIA NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION

Journal of Health, Technology and Science (JHTS) ◽

10.47918/jhts.v1i1.23 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 37-40

Author(s):

Denny Chandra Halid

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Nosocomial Infection ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Endophytic Bacteria ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Series Design ◽

Inhibition Zones ◽

The One

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Matoa (Pometiapin-nata) endophytic bacteria towards bacteria nosocomial infection namely Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The subjects in the study were Matoa plant endophytic bacterial isolates on the stem (tw-igs). The positive control used is meropenem & negative control of aquades. This type of research uses quasi-experiments with a research design us-ing the One-Group Time-Series Design. The result of the study shows that there are 2 endophytic bacterial iso-lates in Matoa plants namely BEM 1 and BEM 2. Both endophytic bacterial isolates can kill and inhibits bacterial nosocomial infections Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epider-midis with inhibition zones in the range of 16mm-22mm with a strong category very strong that it has the po-tential to be used as an antibacterial

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The Potential of Mango (Mangifera infica L.) Peel of Apple Varieties By Infusion And Maceration In Inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa And Propionibacterium acnes

Medicra (Journal of Medical Laboratory Science/Technology) ◽

10.21070/medicra.v4i1.904 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Vifin Putri Rahmawati ◽

Chylen Setiyo Rini

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Mangifera Indica ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Chemical Components ◽

Extract Concentration ◽

Potential Test ◽

Antibacterial Potential

Plants have many chemical components. The use of natural ingredients as an alternative treatment in dealing with diseases, especially acne. One of them is mango (Mangifera indica L.) varieties of apples obtained at the Larangan Main Market in Sidoarjo. This study aims to determine the potential of infusion and maceration of mango skin varieties in inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Propionibactrium acne at various concentrations. This antibacterial potential test was carried out using the diffusion method of the wells. The antibacterial potential is characterized by the formation of a clear zone around the well called the inhibition zone. This study uses 10 concentrations namely 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% and Clindamycin as positive control and aquades as negative control. Based on the results of the Two Way ANOVA test data obtained were not normally distributed, therefore a comparison test was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test with a sign value (α <0.05). This showed that there were significant differences in the use of various concentrations. The maceration extract concentration of 100% is the best concentration to form a zone of inhibition against P. aeruginosa of 17.9 mm and P. acne bacteria of 13.2 mm. The results of the infusion extract concentration did not form inhibitory zones in both of P. aeruginosa and P. acnes.

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CRUDE EXTRACTS OF MAGNOLIA ALBA FLOWERS USING N-HEXANE AND METHANOL SOLVENTS AND THEIR ANTI-ACNE POTENTIAL

Journal of medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences ◽

10.22270/jmpas.v10i6.1607 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 3789-3793

Author(s):

Sofia Munira

Keyword(s):

Propionibacterium Acnes ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Positive Control ◽

Hexane Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Disc Diffusion Method ◽

Bacterial Inhibition

This study aimed to test the antibacterial activity of n-hexane and methanol extracts of white cempaka flowers (Magnolia alba) against Propionibacterium acnes bacteria. The extract was obtained by using the maceration method for 72 hours. Each extract was tested for its antibacterial properties using the disc diffusion method with the variant concentration of the extract used was 0.05%; 2%; 4%; 6%; and 8%. The results showed that the methanol extract had a higher inhibition zone than the n-hexane extract. In n-hexane extract, the lowest concentration of 0.05% showed an inhibition zone of 6.6 mm and the highest concentration of 8% had an inhibition zone of 9.6 mm. Whereas in methanol extract, the inhibition zone obtained was 7.3 mm at a low concentration of 0.05%, but at the highest concentration of 8% the inhibition zone obtained was 11.6 mm. The effect of extract concentration on the diameter of the inhibition zone formed is very significant (directly proportional), where the higher the concentration used, the larger the diameter of the inhibition zone produced. Antibacterial testing for both extracts showed a weak (< 10 mm) to moderate (> 10 mm) bacterial inhibition, which was similar with the inhibition zone obtained from the positive control (11-11.3 mm; moderate bacterial inhibition).

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Uji Aktivitas Antimikroba Ekstrak Jamur Lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum) Menggunakan Pelarut Etanol 96% Terhadap Staphylococcus aureus

Journal of Pharmacy and Science ◽

10.53342/pharmasci.v2i2.80 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 41-44

Author(s):

Prasetyo Handrianto

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Ganoderma Lucidum ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Negative Control ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Disc Diffusion Method ◽

Traditional Medicines ◽

Paper Disc

ABSTRAKStaphylococcus aureus merupakan bakteri yang relatif sering dijumpai pada manusia. Beberapa infeksi yang disebabkan oleh Staphylococcus aureus antara lain, bisul, infeksi luka dan pneumonia. Salah satu obattradisional yang dapat digunakan untuk mengobati infeksi yang disebabkan oleh Staphylococcus aureus adalah jamur lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum). Penelitian dilakukan dengan 5 konsentrasi ekstrak etanol jamur lingzhi, yaitu kontrol negatif (0 µg/ml), 20 µg/ml, 40 µg/ml, 60 µg/ml, 80 µg/ml dan 100 µg/ml dan dilakukan 6 kali pengulangan. Metode yang digunakan dalam uji aktivitas antimikroba yaitu metode difusi kertas cakram. Data zona hambat dianalisis dengan uji Anova One-Way. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol jamurlingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum) dengan konsentrasi 100 µg/ml memiliki rata-rata daya hambat tertinggi yaitu sebesar 18,0 mm (sangat aktif). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin besar konsentrasi ekstrak jamur lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum), maka akan berpengaruh besar pula terhadap zona hambat bakteri Staphylococcus aureus.Keyword : Antibakteri, Ganoderma lucidum, Staphylococcus aureus, Etanol.ABSTRACTStaphylococcus aureus is a bacteria that can cause infections , such as boils , wound infections and pneumonia. One of the traditional medicines that can be used to treat these infections are fungal lingzhi (Ganodermalucidum). The study was conducted with five concentrations of negative control (0 µg/ml), 20 µg/ml, 40 µg/ml, 60 µg/ml, 80 µg/ml, and 100 µg/ml with six repeats. The method used in the test of antimicrobial activity is paper disc diffusion method. Data of inhibition zone were analyzed by Anova-One Way test. The results showed that the ethanol extract of lingzhi mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum) at concentration 100 µg/ml has highest average of inhibitory regions as big as 18,0 mm. It can be concluded that the greater the concentration of extract of lingzhi mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum) , it will affect the greater the inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus.Keyword : Antibakteri, Ganoderma lucidum, Staphylococcus aureus, Etanol.

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Formulation and Antibacterial Activity of Liquid Soap Containing Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.) Leaves Extract

Borneo Journal of Pharmacy ◽

10.33084/bjop.v4i1.1589 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 43-50

Author(s):

Asiska Permata Dewi ◽

Dini Mardhiyani

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Foam Stability ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Liquid Soap ◽

Disc Diffusion Method ◽

Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽

Terminalia Catappa

Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.) is traditionally used by the community to treat infections of the skin caused by bacteria or fungi. In this study, T. catappa leaves extract was added to the liquid soap formula as an antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine the secondary metabolite compounds contained in T. catappa leaves extract, physical evaluation of the preparation, and antibacterial activity of liquid soap. Liquid soap formula is made with various concentrations of T. catappa leaves extract F0 (0%), F1 (1%), F2 (2%), and F3 (3%). The resulting soap was evaluated for organoleptic, pH, high foam, homogeneity, irritation, and its activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Escherichia coli using the disc diffusion method. The results showed that the T. catappa leaves extract contained flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoids. The liquid soap formula F0 is clear, while F1, F2, and F3 have the characteristics of brown-dark brown, homogeneous, pH between 4.6-5.2, foam stability between 67-72%, which is not significantly different and stable after five minutes of testing, and it does not irritate the skin. Terminalia catappa leaves extracts liquid soap has antibacterial activity at a concentration of 1%, 2%, and 3%, with the largest inhibition zone diameter produced by S. aureus.

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GEL ANTI JERAWAT EKSTRAK DAUN BUTA-BUTA (Excoecaria agallocha L.) DAN PENGUJIAN ANTIBAKTERI Staphylococcus epidermidis

Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) ◽

10.22487/j24428744.2015.v1.i2.6215 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 65-72

Author(s):

Ika Olivia Borman ◽

Yusriadi Yusriadi ◽

Evi Sulastri

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Positive Control ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Activity Data ◽

Excoecaria Agallocha ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Stability

Buta-Buta (Excoecaria agallocha L.) leaf is a type of mangrove plants that has antibacterial activity againtsbacteriacausing acne, Staphylococcus epidermidis,. This study aims to formulate buta-buta leaf extract with the concentration of 12.5 % into anti-acne gel using two gels, namely HPMC 8% (Formula 1) and Carbopol 940 2%(Formula 2). Antibacterial activity test was carried out by agar diffusion method using well. The stability and antibacterial activity data during 28 days were analyzed statistically using unpaired t-student with a degree of confidence of 95% (α = 0.05). The evaluation results of anti-acne gel form of buta-buta leaf extract in Formula 2 showedbetter characteristics than Formula 1, which include organoleptic examination, homogenity, pH and viscosity during 28 days. The antibacterial test showed the diameter of inhibition zone of Formula 2 is 11.03 mm ±0,01. The statistic analysis showed a significant difference between Formula 2 with a positive control (klindamisin gel).

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UJI EFEKTIFITAS DAUN PANDAN WANGI (PANDANUS AMARYLLIFOIUM ROXB) SEBAGAI ANTIJAMUR TERHADAP PITYSPORUM OVALE

JURNAL FARMASIMED (JFM) ◽

10.35451/jfm.v3i2.591 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 81-85

Author(s):

Saadah Siregar ◽

Riana Topia

Keyword(s):

Fungal Growth ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Oil Glands ◽

Pityrosporum Ovale ◽

Agar Media ◽

Metabolite Content ◽

Pandanus Amaryllifolius

The Pandan Wangi leaf plant is a plant that belongs to the Pandanaceae family. The metabolite content of fragrant pandan leaves (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) Alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins are known to have an antifungal effect. Pityrosporum ovale is a yeast or single-celled fungus that belongs to the genus Malassezia sp, and belongs to the Cryptococcaceae family. Pityrosporum ovale causes superficial dermatomycosis which affects the stratum corneum in the epidermis layer. This fungus is a normal flora on the scalp, but in conditions of hair with excess oil glands, this fungus can thrive. The purpose of this study was to determine the inhibition zone of fragrant pandanus leaves (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) Concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% of Pytirosporum ovale on Potato Dextrose Agar media by diffusion method using disc paper. The diffusion method was used to measure the diameter of the zone of inhibition against fungal growth. The positive control used was ketoconazole 2% and negative control DMSO 1%. The results of the study using the diameter of the inhibition zone at a concentration of 10% were 7.86 mm, the inhibition zone at a concentration of 20% was 8.53 mm, the inhibition zone at a concentration of 30% was 8.76 mm, and the inhibition zone at a concentration of 40% was 9, 43 mm.

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25. The effect of Fingerroot Rhizome (Boesenbergia pandurata) Extract on the Growth of Staphylococcus aureus in Vitro

Jurnal Medika Veterinaria ◽

10.21157/j.med.vet..v13i2.3654 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Silvia P.N Keliat ◽

Darniati Darniati ◽

Abdul Harris ◽

Erina Erina ◽

Rinidar Rinidar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Average Diameter ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Final Conclusion ◽

Distilled Water

This study aimed to determine the inhibitory effect and the concentration of fingerroot extract to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus growth. The data was analyzed descriptively. Ampicillin was used as positive control, distilled water was used as negative control, and the treatments were given fingerroot extract with a concentration of 5%, 15%, 25%, 35% and 45%. This study was conducted with three replications. The parameter measured was the diameter of inhibition zone formed by diffusion method. The average diameter of inhibition zone of the fingerroot extract were 15% : 10.3 mm; 25% : 13,6mm; 35% : 18,7mm; 45% ± 21,1mm, and at a concentration of 5% the inhibition zone is not formed. The final conclusion is that the fingerroot extract can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. The higher concentration of fingerroot extract, the more extensive inhibition zone formed.

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The Effectiveness Of Anchovy Concentration (Stolephorus insularis) as Antimicrobial to Streptococcus mutans (In Vitro)

DENTA ◽

10.30649/denta.v10i1.37 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 71

Author(s):

Almira Fa’Izah ◽

Istien Wardani ◽

Diana Soesilo

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Control Group ◽

Oral Diseases ◽

Clear Zone ◽

Control Group Design

Background: Dental and oral diseases which are often found in children is dental caries. Streptococcus mutans is the main cause of caries. Caries can be prevented by using a topical application of fluoride. The Anchovy (Stolephorus insularis) contains protein, vitamins (A, B1, C), and minerals (Fe, Ca, K, F). Calcium fluoride (CaF2) within the anchovy can inhibit the occurrence of dental caries. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial ability of anchovy extract (Stolephorus insularis) to Streptococcus mutans. Materials and Methods: This study was a laboratory experimental research with post test only control group design. Diffusion method were applied with 2 controls: negative control used DMSO 1%, positive control used NaF solution, and 3 concentrations of anchovy extract (Stolephorus insularis) 3%, 6%, and 12%, each group were composed of 6 samples. Antimicrobial was assessed by measuring the diameter of the clear zone around the discs contained the anchovy extract (Stolephorus insularis). Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann-Whitney test. Result: The results from this study showed clear zone around the discs of the anchovy extract (Stolephorus insularis). The more concentration of the extract showed the more antimirobial zone diameter. The average zone of antimicrobial at the concentration of 3% were 7,11 mm, 6% 9,5 mm, 12% 10,78 mm, for the negative control DMSO 1% 6 mm and the positive control NaF solution 8,16 mm. The largest diameter of the clear zone was at concentration of 12% (P < 0,05). Conclusion: The anchovy extract (Stolephorus insularis) had an antimicrobial effect to the growth of Streptococcus mutans.

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