scholarly journals Hydroxyapatite Obtained via the Wet Precipitation Method and PVP/PVA Matrix as Components of Polymer-Ceramic Composites for Biomedical Applications

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4268
Author(s):  
Magdalena Głąb ◽  
Sonia Kudłacik-Kramarczyk ◽  
Anna Drabczyk ◽  
Janusz Walter ◽  
Aleksandra Kordyka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
Synthesis Time ◽  
Ceramic Phase ◽  
Wet Precipitation ◽  
Developed Surface

The aspect of drug delivery is significant in many biomedical subareas including tissue engineering. Many studies are being performed to develop composites with application potential for bone tissue regeneration which at the same provide adequate conditions for osteointegration and deliver the active substance conducive to the healing process. Hydroxyapatite shows a great potential in this field due to its osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties. In the paper, hydroxyapatite synthesis via the wet precipitation method and its further use as a ceramic phase of polymer–ceramic composites based on PVP/PVA have been presented. Firstly, the sedimentation rate of hydroxyapatite in PVP solutions has been determined, which allowed us to select a 15% PVP solution (sedimentation rate was 0.0292 mm/min) as adequate for preparation of homogenous reaction mixture treated subsequently with UV radiation. Both FT-IR spectroscopy and EDS analysis allowed us to confirm the presence of both polymer and ceramic phase in composites. Materials containing hydroxyapatite showed corrugated and well-developed surface. Composites exhibited swelling properties (hydroxyapatite reduced this property by 25%) in simulated physiological fluids, which make them useful in drug delivery (swelling proceeds parallel to the drug release). The short synthesis time, possibility of preparation of composites with desired shapes and sizes and determined physicochemical properties make the composites very promising for biomedical purposes.

Development and Characterization Colchicine-Loaded PEGylated Gelatin Nanoparticles for Targeted Delivery to Tumor

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 2058-2063
Author(s):  
G D Chandrethiya ◽  
P K Shelat ◽  
M N Zaveri
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Antitumoral Activity ◽  
Gelatin Nanoparticles

PEGylated gelatin nanoparticles loaded with colchicine were prepared by ethanol precipitation method. Poly-(ethylene glycol)-5000-monomethylether (MPEG 5000), a hydrophilic polymer, was used to pegylate gelatin.  Gluteraldehyde was used as cross-linking agent. To obtain a high quality product, major formulation parameters were optimized.  Spherical particles with mean particles of 193 nm were measured by a Malvern particle size analyzer. Entrapment efficiency was found to be 71.7 ± 1.4% and determined with reverse phase high performance liquid charomatography (RP-HPLC). The in vitro drug release study was performed by dialysis bag method for a period of 168 hours. Lyophilizaton study showed sucrose at lower concentrations proved the best cryoprotectant for this formulation.  Stability study revealed that lyophilized nanoparticles were equally effective (p < 0.05) after one year of storage at 2-8°C with ambient humidity. In vitro antitumoral activity was accessed using the MCF-7 cell line by MTT assay.  The IC50 value was found to be 0.034 μg/ml for the prepared formulation. The results indicate that PEGylated gelatin nanoparticles could be utilized as a potential drug delivery for targeted drug delivery of tumors.  

Hydrogels: A Versatile Drug Delivery Carrier Systems

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1745-1756
Author(s):  
L H Baldaniya ◽  
Sarkhejiya N A
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Protein Delivery ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Control Drug

Hydrogels are the material of choice for many applications in regenerative medicine due to their unique properties including biocompatibility, flexible methods of synthesis, range of constituents, and desirable physical characteristics. Hydrogel (also called Aquagel) is a network of polymer chains that are hydrophilic, sometimes found as a colloidal gel in which water is the dispersion medium. Hydrogels are highly absorbent (contain ~99.9% water), natural or synthetic polymers. Hydrogel also possess a degree of flexibility very similar to natural tissue, due to its significant water content. It can serve as scaffolds that provide structural integrity to tissue constructs, control drug and protein delivery to tissues and cultures. Also serve as adhesives or barriers between tissue and material surfaces. The positive effect of hydrogels on wounds and enhanced wound healing process has been proven. Hydrogels provide a warm, moist environment for wound that makes it heal faster in addition to its useful mucoadhesive properties. Moreover, hydrogels can be used as carriers for liposomes containing variety of drugs, such as antimicrobial drugs. Hydrogels are water swollen polymer matrices, with a tendency to imbibe water when placed in aqueous environment. This ability to swell, under biological conditions, makes it an ideal material for use in drug delivery and immobilization of proteins, peptides, and other biological compounds. Hydrogels have been extensively investigated for use as constructs to engineer tissues in vitro. This review describes the properties, classification, preparation methods, applications, various monomer used in formulation and development of hydrogel products.

Natural, Synthetic and their Combinatorial Nanocarriers Based Drug Delivery System in the Treatment Paradigm for Wound Healing Via Dermal Targeting

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (36) ◽  
pp. 4551-4568
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kashif Iqubal ◽  
Sadaf Saleem ◽  
Ashif Iqubal ◽  
Aiswarya Chaudhuri ◽  
Faheem Hyder Pottoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Wound Site ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Treatment Paradigm

A wound refers to the epithelial loss, accompanied by loss of muscle fibers collagen, nerves and bone instigated by surgery, trauma, frictions or by heat. Process of wound healing is a compounded activity of recovering the functional integrity of the damaged tissues. This process is mediated by various cytokines and growth factors usually liberated at the wound site. A plethora of herbal and synthetic drugs, as well as photodynamic therapy, is available to facilitate the process of wound healing. Generally, the systems used for the management of wounds tend to act through covering the ruptured site, reduce pain, inflammation, and prevent the invasion and growth of microorganisms. The available systems are, though, enough to meet these requirements, but the involvement of nanotechnology can ameliorate the performance of these protective coverings. In recent years, nano-based formulations have gained immense popularity among researchers for the wound healing process due to the enhanced benefits they offer over the conventional preparations. Hereupon, this review aims to cover the entire roadmap of wound healing, beginning from the molecular factors involved in the process, the various synthetic and herbal agents, and combination therapy available for the treatment and the current nano-based systems available for delivery through the topical route for wound healing.

Tuning the mechanical and dielectric properties of zinc incorporated hydroxyapatite

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alliya Qamar ◽  
Rehana Zia ◽  
Madeeha Riaz
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Hexagonal Structure ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
A Minor

Background: Hydroxyapatite is similar to bone mineral in chemical composition, has good biocompatibility with host tissue and bone. Objective: This work aims to tailor the mechanical and dielectric properties of hydroxyapatite with zinc sudstitution, to improve wearability of implant and accelerate the healing process. Method: Pure and zinc incorporated hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 samples have been successfully prepared by means of the chemical precipitation method. Results: The results showed that hydroxyapatite(Hap) having hexagonal structure was the major phase identified in all the samples. It was found that secondary phase of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) formed due to addition of Zinc resulting in biphasic structure BCP (Hap + β-TCP). A minor phase of ZnO also formed for higher concentration of Zn (Zn ≥ 2mol%) doping. It was found that the Zn incorporation to Hap enhanced both mechanical and dielectric properties without altering the bioactive properties. The microhardness increased upto 0.87 GPa for Zn concentration equal to 1.5mol%, which is comparable to the human bone ~0.3 - 0.9 GPa. The dielectric properties evaluated in the study showed that 1.5 mol% Zn doped hydroxyapatite had highest dielectric constant. Higher values of dielectric constant at low frequencies signifies its importance in healing processes and bone growth due to polarization of the material under the influence of electric field. Conclusion: Sample Z1.5 having 1.5 mol% Zn doping showed the most optimized properties suitable for bone regeneration applications.

scholarly journals The Interplay between Drug and Sorbitol Contents Determines the Mechanical and Swelling Properties of Potential Rice Starch Films for Buccal Drug Delivery

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 578
Author(s):  
Bilal Harieth Alrimawi ◽  
May Yee Chan ◽  
Xin Yue Ooi ◽  
Siok-Yee Chan ◽  
Choon Fu Goh
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Rice Starch ◽  
Swelling Behaviour ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
Buccal Drug Delivery ◽  
Swelling Characteristics ◽  
Starch Films ◽  
Film Development

Rice starch is a promising biomaterial for thin film development in buccal drug delivery, but the plasticisation and antiplasticisation phenomena from both plasticisers and drugs on the performance of rice starch films are not well understood. This study aims to elucidate the competing effects of sorbitol (plasticiser) and drug (antiplasticiser) on the physicochemical characteristics of rice starch films containing low paracetamol content. Rice starch films were prepared with different sorbitol (10, 20 and 30% w/w) and paracetamol contents (0, 1 and 2% w/w) using the film casting method and were characterised especially for drug release, swelling and mechanical properties. Sorbitol showed a typical plasticising effect on the control rice starch films by increasing film flexibility and by reducing swelling behaviour. The presence of drugs, however, modified both the mechanical and swelling properties by exerting an antiplasticisation effect. This antiplasticisation action was found to be significant at a low sorbitol level or a high drug content. FTIR investigations supported the antiplasticisation action of paracetamol through the disturbance of sorbitol–starch interactions. Despite this difference, an immediate drug release was generally obtained. This study highlights the interplay between plasticiser and drug in influencing the mechanical and swelling characteristics of rice starch films at varying concentrations.

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS AND PROTECTIVE PROPERTIES OF PECTIN/MONTMORILLONITE COMPOSITES AGAINST ASPIRIN-INDUCED ENTEROCOLITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (35) ◽  
pp. 897-907
Author(s):  
Assemgul S. AUYEZKHANOVA ◽  
Eldar T. TALGATOV ◽  
Sandugash N. AKHMETOVA ◽  
Unzira N. KAPYSHEVA ◽  
Alima K. ZHARMAGAMBETOVA
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Pectin Content ◽  
Water Ph

Long term use of aspirin for prevention of cardiovascular events is limited by its gastrointestinal adverse effects, and, therefore, patients at high risk should receive gastroprotective agents. However, gastroprotective drugs also have a few adverse effects that require searching for safe and effective alternatives. The composites combining the swelling properties of clays and the biological activity of polysaccharides seem to be promising candidates for gastrointestinal protection. This study aimed to characterize pectin/montmorillonite composites and evaluate their protective effect on the gastrointestinal tract of rats taking aspirin over a long period. A series of composites based on montmorillonite (ММТ) and low esterified pectin (Pec) was synthesized using the adsorption-precipitation method. The polysaccharide to clay weight ratios were 1:19, 1:9, and 1:4. The composites were characterized using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Infrared Spectroscopy (IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Pectin was completely fixed on MMT, and the polysaccharide content in the composites was approximately 5, 10, and 20 wt%, respectively. The shifting of the absorption band of the C=O group of the pectin indicated the interaction of the polysaccharide with the clay, confirming effective immobilization of Pec on MMT. Modification with pectin changed the morphology and structure of the MMT due to the surface coating and intercalation into the interlayer space. The composites swelled in acidified water (pH = 2.0), and their swelling ability was higher to compare with unmodified MMT. The sorption capacity of Pec/MMT composites towards acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) was decreased from 6.8 to 1.0 mg g-1 with increasing of pectin content from 5 to 20 wt%. The hybrid composites promoted the protection of the gastrointestinal tract of rats, which were administered ASA with Pec/MMTs for 16 days. Protective properties of the Pec/MMT have been improved with increasing pectin content from 5 to 20 wt%.

scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of apatite silicated powders with wet precipitation method

2021 ◽  
Vol 234 ◽  
pp. 00106
Author(s):  
Houda Labjar ◽  
Hassan Chaair
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wet Precipitation ◽  
Scanning Electron

The synthesis of apatite silicated Ca10(PO4)6-x(SiO4)x(OH)2-x (SiHA) with 0≤x≤2 was investigated using a wet precipitation method followed by heat treatment using calcium carbonate CaCO3 and phosphoric acid H3PO4 and silicon tetraacetate SiC8H20O4 (TEOS) in medium of water ethanol, with three different silicate concentrations. After drying, the samples are ground and then characterized by different analytical techniques like X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron Microscopy (SEM) and chemical analysis.

scholarly journals Formation and Properties of the Ta-Y2O3, Ta-ZrO2, and Ta-TaC Nanocomposites

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
J. Jakubowicz ◽  
M. Sopata ◽  
G. Adamek ◽  
P. Siwak ◽  
T. Kachlicki
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Ceramic Phase ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Bulk Nanocrystalline

The nanocrystalline tantalum-ceramic composites were made using mechanical alloying followed by pulse plasma sintering (PPS). The tantalum acts as a matrix, to which the ceramic reinforced phase in the concentration of 5, 10, 20, and 40 wt.% was introduced. Oxides (Y2O3 and ZrO2) and carbides (TaC) were used as the ceramic phase. The mechanical alloying results in the formation of nanocrystalline grains. The subsequent hot pressing in the mode of PPS results in the consolidation of powders and formation of bulk nanocomposites. All the bulk composites have the average grain size from 40 nm to 100 nm, whereas, for comparison, the bulk nanocrystalline pure tantalum has the average grain size of approximately 170 nm. The ceramic phase refines the grain size in the Ta nanocomposites. The mechanical properties were studied using the nanoindentation tests. The nanocomposites exhibit uniform load-displacement curves indicating good integrity and homogeneity of the samples. Out of the investigated components, the Ta-10 wt.% TaC one has the highest hardness and a very high Young’s modulus (1398 HV and 336 GPa, resp.). For the Ta-oxide composites, Ta-20 wt.% Y2O3 has the highest mechanical properties (1165 HV hardness and 231 GPa Young’s modulus).

scholarly journals Auto-Cross-Linking Hydrogels of Hydrogen Peroxide-Oxidized Pectin and Gelatin for Applications in Controlled Drug Delivery

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia A. Garrido ◽  
Michel Vargas ◽  
Jose F. Alvarez-Barreto
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Controlled Drug Delivery ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
Degree Of Oxidation ◽  
Mediated Oxidation ◽  
Recent Attention

Pectin-based hydrogels for biomedical applications have attracted recent attention due to their low cost, large availability of the materials, and high levels of biocompatibility. Specifically, periodate-oxidized pectin has been combined with chitosan and gelatin to form different structures. However, hydrogen peroxide-mediated oxidation of pectin has not been studied for this application; furthermore, there is little information on the effect of the degree of oxidation on hydrogel characteristics nor has the feasibility of these systems as controlled drug delivery matrices been explored. Thus, the present work proposes to study the properties of gelatin-peroxide-oxidized pectin hydrogels as drug delivery systems in wound dressing applications. Combinations of pectin at different degrees of oxidation (high, low, and native pectin) and gelatin were analyzed and tested by swelling properties, reswelling from xerogel and aerogel forms, SEM, FTIR, and drug release. It was determined that hydrogels that contained oxidized pectin had improved swelling ratios and stability, at 32°C, compared to those with native pectin and only gelatin. The porosity of the oxidized pectin hydrogels allowed to have sustained and high release rates, which would make them an attractive alternative for wound dressings.

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