Perbandingan Area Inefsiensi Antara Nilai Pajak dan Zakat

Tax policies set by the government can cause inefficiencies. Zakat policy is expected to minimize these inefficiencies. This research will try to compare how much inefficiency area caused by the value of tax and zakat. The data used is secondary data in the form of production from five business sectors found in Gross Domestic Product based on 2010 constant prices for the 2014-2018 period from the Central Bureau of Statistics. In this study quantitative calculations were carried out to determine the tax value, zakat value, and the area of triangle inefficiency, then after obtaining the results it would be compared to the magnitude of the triangle of inefficiency based on the value of tax and zakat. Different tests were carried out using SPSS to see whether the difference was significant or not. From the results of independent sample t-test, it is known that there are significant differences between the areas of inefficiency of the tax value and the value of zakat. This states that zakat produces inefficiency areas smaller than taxes.

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GDP and Tax Revenues-Causality Relationship in Developing Countries: Evidence from Palestine

International Journal of Economics and Finance ◽

10.5539/ijef.v8n4p54 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 54

Author(s):

Raed A. M. Iriqat ◽

Ahmad N. H. Anabtawi

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Gross Domestic Product ◽

Government Expenditure ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Domestic Product ◽

Palestinian Authority ◽

Tax Revenues ◽

Causality Relationship ◽

The Government ◽

The Impact

<p>The study aims to investigate the causality relationship between Gross Domestic Product and its components with Tax revenues in developing countries as a case study in Palestine. This study based on an empirical approach using secondary data from Palestine monetary Authority during (1999-2014). The findings exposed mainly that the tax revenues does not Granger Cause each of the Palestinian Gross Domestic Product, Government spending, Consumption, Investment and Balance of trade. In addition, researcher divided period of study into three stages according to changing in income tax act. Moreover, results shows that the impact of macro-economic variables on tax revenues and correlations between dependent and independent variables was changing from one stage to other.</p>This paper concludes that the Palestinian authority should motivate investment conditions and improve the tax collection instruments and decrease the tax invasion. In addition, Palestinian government should rationalize the government consumption spending and increase the government expenditure for the development.

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Analisis PDRB (Produk Domestik Regional Bruto) Dari Sisi Lapangan Usaha Provinsi Sumatra Utara

ETNIK: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Teknik ◽

10.54543/etnik.v1i3.35 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 156-161

Author(s):

Azizah Mudrikah ◽

Aula Maulidah ◽

Nurul Jannah

Keyword(s):

Gross Domestic Product ◽

Economic Activity ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Qualitative Approach ◽

Domestic Product ◽

Goods And Services ◽

The North ◽

Production Factors ◽

North Sumatra ◽

Constant Prices

Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) is the gross addedvalue (NTB) of all goods and services produced from a domesticarea arising from economic activity in a certain period regardlessof whether the production factors are owned by residents or nonresidents. This study aims to analyze the GRDP in North SumatraProvince from the side of the business field. This study uses adescriptive qualitative approach by using secondary data that isreviewed in the literature from various sources such as BPS(Central Statistics Agency), and Bank Indonesia as data analysisfor the Province of North Sumatra in the first quarter and thesecond quarter of 2021. This study looks at the existing variables.on Gross Domestic Product in terms of business fields. The resultsof the analysis of this research are the North Sumatran economybased on the amount of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GDP)based on current prices in the first quarter of 2021 reached Rp207.00 trillion and based on constant prices in 2010 reached Rp133.67 trillion. North Sumatra's economy in the second quarter of2021 compared to the previous quarter grew by 1.83% (q-to-q).

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West Sumatra Education is the Leading Sector in Facing the Covid-19 Pandemic

SENTRALISASI ◽

10.33506/sl.v10i2.1319 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 147

Author(s):

Masruqi Arrazy

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Gross Domestic Product ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Education Sector ◽

Domestic Product ◽

New Normal ◽

Normal Period ◽

West Sumatra ◽

Better Than ◽

Constant Prices

The economy of West Sumatra experienced an economic contraction in 2020 due to the Covid-19 pandemic. However, the education sector experienced better growth compared to national growth. Seeing this, the potential of this sector in West Sumatra needs to be analyzed so that it can be seen whether this sector can be chosen as a priority sector in spurring West Sumatra's economic growth to enter the new normal period. The analysis in this study uses secondary data with the classic Shift Share method. The data in this study are Indonesia's Gross Domestic Product according to Constant Prices and the Gross Regional Domestic Product of West Sumatra according to Constant Prices with the 2019 and 2020 data periods. From the analysis results, it is known that the education sector is growing progressively. This sector in West Sumatra is growing faster than the national one and its competitiveness is better than other sectors in West Sumatra. Another thing according to this research is that the education sector can affect several other sectors during the pandemic. So that this sector is very worthy of being the leading sector in dealing with the new normal situation.

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PENGARUH EKSPOR DAN IMPOR TERHADAP PRODUK DOMESTIK BRUTO INDONESIA TAHUN 2008-2017

ECOPLAN : JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND DEVELOPMENT STUDIES ◽

10.20527/ecoplan.v2i1.13 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 10-20

Author(s):

Dea Fitri Febriyanti

Keyword(s):

Linear Regression ◽

Gross Domestic Product ◽

Multiple Linear Regression ◽

Secondary Data ◽

T Test ◽

Domestic Product ◽

F Test ◽

Simultaneous Test ◽

Dominant Influence

This research is conducted to (1) analyze the effect of export and import simultaneous towards Gross Domestic Product of Indonesia in period 2008-2017; (2) analyze the most dominant factors in influencing Gross Domestic Product of Indonesia in period 2008-2017. This research was taken place in Indonesia and using secondary data obtained from the website Badan Pusat Statistik, Kementerian Perdagangan Republik Indonesia and Katadata and than that will made and analyze using multiple linear regression. This analysis will be tested through partial test (the t test) and simultaneous test (the f test). The result of this research shows that in partial export has an effect towards Gross Domestic Product significantly and import has no effect towards Gross Domestic Product significantly. In simultaneous export and import have an effect towards Gross Domestic Product significantly. Exports are the most dominant influence in influencing Gross Domestic Product of Indonesia in period 2008-2017. Keyword : Export, Import, Gross Domestic Product

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Analysis of Elasticity and Buoyancy and Projection of Tax in Nepal

Tribhuvan University Journal ◽

10.3126/tuj.v32i1.24774 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 105-116

Author(s):

Dil Nath Dangal

Keyword(s):

Gross Domestic Product ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Domestic Product ◽

Fiscal Year ◽

Tax Revenue ◽

Tax System ◽

Indirect Taxes ◽

The Government ◽

Year 2000

This study has been designed to calculate elasticity and buoyancy and projection of various taxes in Nepal from 2018 to 2020. This study is based on secondary data published by the government of Nepal covering a period between the fiscal year 2000 to 2016. The various sources of revenue as a proportion of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) have been analyzed during this period. This study particularly deals with the analysis of elasticity and buoyancy of tax and nontax revenue. The projection of tax revenue since 2018 to 2020 has also been forecasted. The findings reveals that the overall tax system of Nepal seemed to be inelastic during study period, and direct taxes appeared smaller elasticity’s than indirect taxes and those buoyancy coefficients of major taxes became much higher than their respective elasticities.

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Trends in Gross Enrolment Ratio of Male Female Enrolment and Expenditure on Higher Education as Percentage of Gross Domestic Product India

International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology - Regular Issue ◽

10.35940/ijeat.b3349.129219 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 1440-1442

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Gross Domestic Product ◽

Human Resource Development ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Vital Role ◽

Annual Reports ◽

Domestic Product ◽

Technology Services ◽

The Government ◽

Enrolment Ratio

Education plays a vital role in development of the society and the nation at large. It prepares and trained staff in any respect levels to manage capital, technology services and administration at each sector within the economy of the nation. India is presently at the stage of demographic transition wherever growth is retardation down however, the population of young people entering the labor/employment force continues to expand. This young and huge population ought to be educated for the betterment of the state. Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in higher education with respect to gender is having increasing trend. The proportion of students enrolling in the higher education has increased significantly during the last two decades and as a result the higher education institutes, private universities, private and government colleges, in India are increasing significantly. Though the government of India has its own limitations towards funding the higher education should formulate the policy of funding to the universities/educational institutes so that the quality and standard in higher education is maintained. The aim of this paper is to study the trends in male, female enrolment and expenditure on higher education as % of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of country. The secondary data is taken from the annual reports of University Grants Commission, AISHE and Ministry of Human Resource Development of India. The data is analyzed by using MINITAB19 statistical software by fitting quadratic trend and the forecasts for the period 2018-19 to 2027-28 with respect to GER of Male, Female and public expenditure on higher education in India. The accuracy of the fitted model is measured on the basis of Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE). It was observed that student enrolment in higher education is increased but the expenditure on higher education as % of GDP has sown decreasing trend after 2000-2001.

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A STUDY ON DYNAMICS OF INDIA'S GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT FOR 2014-2019

American Journal of Economics ◽

10.47672/aje.554 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 36-49

Author(s):

Mohammed Aslam Khan

Keyword(s):

Gross Domestic Product ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Sustainable Growth ◽

Domestic Product ◽

Gdp Growth ◽

Agriculture Industry ◽

Reserve Bank ◽

The World ◽

The Government

Background: The gross domestic product (GDP) is one of the primary indicators used to gauge the health of a country's economy. It reflects the total market value of all finished products and services produced over a specific period within a country. GDP is presented as a comparison to the previous quarter or year and is considered the benchmark for the economy's size. India is emerging as one of the fastest-growing economies in the world and is expected to rank among the top three economic powers of the world over the next 15-20 years, supported by its stable democracy, population growth, and partnerships.Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to study the dynamics of the Indian economy's GDP growth for the period of 2014 to 2019. The present study tried to understand the trend, contribution, and structure of the various sectors such as agriculture, industry, and services in India's GDP growth.Methodology: The research methodology used in this paper was quantitative since this method can be used to analyze nearly infinite numbers of phenomena. The study used secondary data for the period 2014 to 2019. Data was collected from the Economic Survey of India and Reserve bank of India bulletins. Descriptive and inferential data analysis techniques were employed.Findings: The study of GDP growth between 2014-2019 and sectoral level analysis shows interesting facts that India will reach a $5 Trillion GDP mark by 2024-25 at current prices.Unique contribution to theory, practice, and policy: This paper intended to make policy recommendations that can help India's long-term sustainable growth. The study recommended strategies such as increasing public finance in the agricultural sector and strengthening the integrated public transport projects to the government to maintain stable economic growth to achieve a $5 Trillion economy. This paper will increase the economic researcher's awareness and position it in the library of an institution of higher education

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Tenure Conflicts Resolution Of Colol Custom Community In Ruteng Recreation Park, Nusa Tenggara Timur

KOMUNITAS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN SOCIETY AND CULTURE ◽

10.15294/komunitas.v11i1.15853 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 140-148

Author(s):

Kriswoyo - Rofii

Keyword(s):

Conflict Resolution ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Value Systems ◽

Pull Out ◽

Nature Park ◽

The Difference ◽

The Government ◽

Depth Interviews ◽

Rights Issues

AbstractDetermination of the Ruteng Recreation Nature Park had caused conflicts over tenure for Colol custom community have been in and around the area since before the establishment. Conflict was due for access to agricultural land use and timber had closed by the management. The conflict resolution involves three elements, namely the government, customs and religion which are called the three pillars. This study aims to understand the stages of the tenure conflict, relevant stakeholders and the conflict resolution. The study was conducted Colol village in April to May 2016. Acquisition of data using observation, in-depth interviews with a purposive and snowball and secondary data. Analysis of data using conflict tree analysis, stakeholders and mapping conflicts. The results showed that the cause of the conflict is the difference in value systems that implicates disagreement land status and boundaries as well as the uncertainty of access due to rights issues and access. Conflict resolution is required is to build trust between the parties, improve communication to reduce the differences in perception, increased involvement of indigenous peoples in the management of Ruteng Recreation Park, reconstruction of recreation park boundaries involving the parties, especially the major stakeholders and optimizing the coordination and communication between the parties.Colol Custom Community determine their traditional territory option to pull out of the Ruteng Recreation Park.

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Tingkat Bagi Hasil, Pertumbuhan Likuiditas, dan Produk Domestik Bruto Terhadap Simpanan Mudharabah

Al-Urban Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah dan Filantropi Islam ◽

10.22236/alurban_vol1/is1pp15-25 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 15-25

Author(s):

Ismayana Marhamah

Keyword(s):

Gross Domestic Product ◽

Hypothesis Testing ◽

Hypothesis Test ◽

Profit Sharing ◽

T Test ◽

Domestic Product ◽

Gdp Growth ◽

Islamic Banks ◽

Independent Variable ◽

Test Result

This study aims to determine the effect of profit sharing growth, liquidity growth, gross domestic product (GDP) growth, of mudharabah saving growth in general islamic banks. The variables studied are the influence of profit sharing rate, liquidity growth, gross domestic product (GDP) growth as independent variable and mudharabah saving growth as dependent variable. The population in this study are sharia islamic banks registered in Bank Indonesia (BI) and the amount of gross domestic productquarter-year period 2012-2016.The result of hypothesis testing (t test) shows that the profit sharing growth and gross domestic product partially has significant effect to mudharabah saving growth. Then the test result of liquidity growth partially has no effect and not significant to mudharabah saving growth. The results of simultaneous hypothesis test (test F), show that all independent variabels in this study has significant effect to mudharabah saving growth.

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REGIONAL GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT OF GEORGIA. METHODOLOGICAL CHANGES

World Science ◽

10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30112019/6779 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (11(51)) ◽

pp. 9-12

Author(s):

Inga Benashvili ◽

Mamuka Benashvili

Keyword(s):

Gross Domestic Product ◽

Domestic Product ◽

National Accounts ◽

Regional Structure ◽

New Classification ◽

System Of National Accounts ◽

National Rate ◽

Per Capita ◽

Municipal Level ◽

Constant Prices

The paper is devoted to the methodological changes in the calculation of regional Gross Domestic Product (GDP), mainly due to the introduction of the 2008 version of the System of National Accounts in Georgia. Other changes are related to the transition to a new classification system of economic activity (NACE rev2). Because of this, the regional structure of GDP has changed significantly.Regional GDP on a per capita basis, in 2018 Tbilisi ranks first (6122,5 USD). Then it will be followed by Adjara (5514.3 USD). Their rate is significantly higher than the national rate (4722.0 USD).The priority directions for calculating regional GDP in Georgia are as follows: •Receiving data directly from local units (local KAUs) by improving information sources;•More detailing of regionalization. In particular, at the municipal level; •Calculate regional GDP at constant prices.

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