scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF KATUK (Sauropus androgynus L. Merr) ETHANOL EXTRACT ON OVARIAN MATURITY OF MUD CRAB (Scylla sp)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-05
Author(s):  
Awaludin Awaludin
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Gonad Somatic Index ◽  
Mangrove Crab ◽  
Trash Fish ◽  
Ovarian Morphology ◽  
Ovarian Maturity

Katuk leaves are plants that contain sterols. Sterols are steroid precursors used for the development of mud crab ovaries. This study aims to determine the development of mangrove crab ovaries by giving katuk leaf extract. Stages of research include katuk leaf extraction, experiments by injecting the mother crab consisting of 3 treatments consisting of treatment A (control), treatment B (0.25 mg / g body weight), treatment C (0.5 mg / g body weight) ) maintained for 20 days by feeding trash fish and measuring parameters including morphological ovarian development, gonad somatic index, and hepatosomatic index. The results of the study on C treatment on the 20th day of observation by ovarian morphology have developed in the TKO IV phase, the final B TKO III treatment and the A-phase TKO III treatment. GSI on the 20th day in treatment C showed the highest GSI value of 16.1% and the lowest in treatment A was 12.2%. It can be concluded that the administration of katuk extract can accelerate the ovarian maturity of mud crabs.

scholarly journals The Effect of Ethanol Extract Karamunting (Melastoma Malabathricum) Leaf of Ovarian Maturation of Mud Crab (Scylla sp) in Traditional Ponds

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Awaludin ◽  
Nuril Fahrizah ◽  
Heppi Iromo ◽  
Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Ovarian Development ◽  
Gonad Index ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Morphological Observation ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Melastoma Malabathricum ◽  
Somatic Gonad

Karamunting is a plant that contains cholesterol. Cholesterol is needed by mud crabs as precursors of reproductive hormones in ovarian development. This study aims to determine the effect of karamunting leaf extract which is injected with mangrove crabs (Scylla sp) on the level of ovarian maturity. The stages of the research included extraction of karamunting leaves using ethanol 70%, experiments by injecting the parent crabs consisting of 3 treatments A (control), B treatment (0.25 mg / g body weight), C treatment (0.5 mg / g body weight) maintained for 20 days by feeding trash fish and measuring parameters including morphological ovarian development, somatic gonad index (GSI), and hepatosomatic index (HSI). The results showed that by giving karamunting extract at the end of the GSI study on control (1.70%), treatment A (5.61%), treatment B (4.24%) while on ovarian development with morphological observation at the end of the study on treatment ovarian control develops in the TKG II phase, A treatment in the TKG V phase while treatment B in TKG IV. This shows that by giving karamunting extract can provide the development of mud crab ovaries.

scholarly journals HEPATOSOMATIK INDEKS DAN DIAMETER HEPATOSIT MENCIT (Mus musculus L.) BETINA SETELAH PAPARAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN MIMBA (Azadirachta indica Juss.)

Pro-Life ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Anisa Nurul Hasana ◽  
Agung Janika Sitasiwi ◽  
Sri Isdadiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Neem Tree ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Neem Leaves ◽  
Hepatocyte Damage ◽  
Paraffin Method

Neem leaves is one part of the neem tree which can be used as a traditional medicinal herb. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of neem leaf ethanol extract on hepatosomatic index (HSI) and hepatocyte diameter in female mice. The study used a Complete Randomized Design consist of 4 treatments and 5 replications including K (aquadest), P1, P2 and P3 (neem leaf ethanol extract with dose of 8.4,11.2 and 14 mg/ kg BW/day. The treatment was administered orally with a volume of 0.2 mL for 21 days. Body weight were measured every 7 days. The liver was isolated, weighed and histologically prepared with paraffin method, HE staining and 5 μm incision thickness. HSI value determined from body weight and liver weight. Hepatocyte diameter were measured on 7 hepatocytes per lobule. The data was analyzed using ANOVA at 95% confidence level. The results showed that neem leaf ethanol extract had no significant effect (p> 0,05) on  body weight, liver weight, HSI value and hepatocyte diameter, but the liver microanatomy showed hepatocyte damage. It can be concluded that exposure of neem leaf ethanol extract for 21 days still safe to be used for reference of traditional medicine. Keywords: Neem leaf, HSI, hepatocyte diameter

scholarly journals The Potency Of Extract Tegining Ganang Leaf (Cassia Planisiqua Burm.f.) As Analgesic On Mice (Mus musculus L.) By Chemical And Hot Plate Induction Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Sister Sianturi ◽  
Amelia Febriani ◽  
Rahmi Syariifatul ◽  
Desy Satrana
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Chemical Induction ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Indigenous Plant ◽  
In Vivo Testing

<em>Tegining ganang (</em>Cassia planisiliqua<em>) is an indigenous plant of Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara which has potentials to treat various diseases. Previous research showed that the plant has analgesic activity, but the results were still less satisfactory due to the low analgesic effectiveness (&lt;50 %). This study aimed to examine the analgesic potential of tegining ganang leaf extract through chemical induction and hot plate induction methods. In vivo testing was conducted on male mice using those two methods to evaluate plant effectiveness as both a central and peripheral analgesic. Tegining ganang leaves collected from the village of Peresak, West Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara Province, were extracted in ethanol 70%. The treatments were extract dosages, viz. 200, 400, 800 mg.kg<sup>-1</sup> body weight (BW) of mice. The positive control treatments for the chemical induction and hot plate induction methods were Acetosal and Tramadol</em><em>, respectively. Meanwhile, the negative control treatment was Na CMC at 0.5%. The analgesic effectiveness of the extract in both chemical and hot plate induction methods was 50 %. The  optimum  effectiveness  for  chemical induction was at 800 mg.kg<sup>-1</sup> body weight, whereas for hot plate induction was at 200 mg.kg<sup>-1 </sup>body weight. The results indicated that the ethanol extract of tegining ganang leaves was potential to be developed as an analgesic material.</em>

Penetapan Kebutuhan Harian Pakan Ikan Rucah untuk Penggemukan Kepiting Bakau Scylla paramamosain di Keramba Jaring Dasar

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Sandi Permadi ◽  
Sri Juwana
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
The Body ◽  
Scylla Paramamosain ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Mangrove Crab ◽  
Trash Fish ◽  
Mangrove Crabs ◽  
Net Cages

<strong>Determination of Daily Requirement of Trash Fish Feed to Fatten The Mangrove Crab Scylla paramamosain in Bottom Net Cages.</strong> Mangrove crab fattening is part of the crab farming activities that attracts the interests of the farmers due to its relatively short period, i.e. 14–21 days per cycle. Trash fish is a natural feed for Mangrove crabs that is easily available at an affordable price. Scientific information on the daily requirement of trash fish feed to fatten the Mangrove crabs is still scarce. The accessable scientific information on the amount of daily feeding is still limited to the rearing of the crabs. Hence, the scientific study on the daily requirement of trash fish feed for crab fattening needs to be done. Probolinggo is one of the producing districts for Mangrove crabs and is a potential area for development of crab aquaculture. Therefore, Probolinggo was chosen as the site of this research. Crab samples utilized had a carapace width of 8–13 cm and a weight of 115–500 g. Crabs were reared in bottom net cages measuring 5 x 5 m2 with a density of 16 crabs/cage and the sex ratio of 1: 1. The study consisted of 4 treatments with 3 repetitions. The daily feeding percentages given were 10, 15, 20, and 25% of the body weight of the crabs. The parameters observed during the 13 days of experiment were growth, survival rate, and the percentage of already fatter crabs. The results showed that the daily feed ration of trash fish, as much as 10% dan 15% of the body weight of the crab, gave the best yield for crab fattening. The survival rate obtained was 70% of the initial density of 0.64 crabs/m2, with a total weight gain of 14% during the study. <br /><br />

scholarly journals Optical Characterization of Alternaria spp. Contaminated Wheat Grain and Its Influence in Early Broilers Nutrition on Oxidative Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 4005
Author(s):  
Nikola Puvača ◽  
Snežana Tanasković ◽  
Vojislava Bursić ◽  
Aleksandra Petrović ◽  
Jordan Merkuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Color Properties ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The aim of this research was the visual characterization and investigating the effects of Alternaria spp. contaminated wheat grains in the starter stage of broilers nutrition on productive parameters and oxidative stress. The research was divided into two phases. Bunches of wheat in post-harvest period of year 2020 was collected from a various locality in Serbia and Albania. In the first phase, collected samples were visual characterized by Alternaria spp. presence by color measurement methods. Gained results are conferred in the range of the color properties of grain color properties of Alternaria toxins. Wheat grain samples were significantly different (p < 0.05) in terms of all measured color parameters (L*, a*, b*). Classification of field fungi in analyzed wheat grain samples showed that the significant field fungi were Rhizopus spp., followed by Alternaria spp., and Fusarium spp. In the second phase, biological tests with chickens were carried out during the broiler chickens’ dietary starter period in the first 14th days of age. At the beginning of the experiment, a total of 180-day-old Ross 308 strain broilers were equally distributed into three dietary treatments, with four replicates each. Dietary treatments in the experiments were as follows: basal diet without visual contamination of Alternaria spp. with 25% wheat (A1), a basal diet with visual contamination of Alternaria spp. with 25% wheat from Serbia (A2), basal diet with visual contamination of Alternaria spp. with 25% wheat from Albania (A3). The trial with chickens lasted for 14 days. After the first experimental week, wheat infected with Alternaria spp. in treatment A2 and A3 expressed adverse effects. The highest body weight of chickens of 140.40 g was recorded in broilers on control treatment A1 with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) compared to treatments A2 (137.32 g) and A3 (135.35 g). At the end of the second week of test period, a statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference in body weight of broiler chickens could be noticed. The highest body weight of 352.68 g was recorded in control treatment A1, with statistically significant differences compared to other Alternaria spp. treatments. The lowest body weight of chickens was recorded in treatment A3 (335.93 g). Results of feed consumption and feed conversion ratio showed some numerical differences between treatments but without any statistically significant differences (p > 0.05). Alternaria spp. contaminated diet increased glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and decreased peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) serum levels, respectively. Built on the achieved results, it can be concluded that the wheat contaminated with Alternaria spp. in broilers nutrition negatively affected growth, decreased oxidative protection and interrupted chicken welfare in the first period of life.

scholarly journals Tabebuia rosea (Bertol.) DC. ethanol extract attenuates body weight gain by activation of molecular mediators associated with browning

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 104740
Author(s):  
Elsa Cecilia Pagaza-Straffon ◽  
Carla Elena Mezo-González ◽  
David Armando Chavaro-Pérez ◽  
Jorge Cornejo-Garrido ◽  
Laurence A. Marchat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Tabebuia Rosea

UJI EFEK ANALGESIK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KERSEN (Muntingia calabura L.) PADA MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN (Mus musculus) DENGAN INDUKSI NYERI ASAM ASETAT

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Triswanto Sentat ◽  
Susiyanto Pangestu
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Analgesic Dose ◽  
Muntingia Calabura

Kersen leaf (Muntingia calabura L.) contains tannins, flavonoids and polyphenol compounds allegedly have analgesic effect. The objective was to determine the analgesic effect of ethanol extract of kersen leaves and to determine the most effective analgesic dose. This study was an experimental research. Leaves were extracted with ethanol 70% and the analgesic effect test was divided into 5 groups: negative control treatment (distilled water), positive control (mefenamic acid 2.6mg/kg), kersen leaf ethanol extract first dose (100mg/kg), second dose (200mg/kg) and tthird dose (400mg/kg). Giving treatments by oral, after 30 minutes, the mices were given a pain inductor with 0.5% acetic acid by intra peritonial administration. Analgesic power was calculated by counting the number of writhing in mice for 1 hour. The results showed that the ethanol extract of cherry leaf has analgesic effect. From the calculation of the first dose analgesic power (42.9%), second dose (59.4%) and the third dose 69.9%. Statistical test results kruskal wallis value of p=0.011 (p<0.05) showed a significant difference between all analgesic treatment groups. The conclusion of this study is all of the ethanol extract had analgesic effects on male white mice, whereas a dose of 400mg/kg is the most effective analgesic dose.

Mud crab, Scylla olivacea: fattening practices in Bangladesh.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Younus Mia
Keyword(s):  
Operating Cost ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Market Value ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
High Survival Rate ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Mangrove Crab ◽  
Good Market

Abstract Fattening mud or mangrove crab, Scylla olivacea, has been practised in recent years in brackishwater ponds in Bangladesh. It is a relatively new practice in the country. Small- to medium-sized and even large but gonadal immature crabs that have low market value are bought from farmers, fishers, or from the market and stocked in fattening ponds. Fattening of crab is profitable because of fast turnover, low operating cost, high survival rate and good market demand. Two types of brackishwater earthen ponds are used to fatten crabs. One type is connected to the river through inlets and outlets to exchange water during high and ebb tides. Another type is not connected to the river but water is pumped into and discharged from the pond. The importance of fattening has been recognized as a source of income and employment to alleviate the poverty of coastal people. Through this technology, pond and ditches in the coastal region can be used throughout the year. On the basis of an interview with farmers, a net income of Tk 3,800 (US$ 65.50) can be achieved from a 120 m2 pond using the crab fattening technology. There is potential to expand crab fattening practices in coastal areas. However, an inadequate supply of stockable crab and feed are major constraints in this sector.

scholarly journals HYPOGLYCEMIC AND HYPOLIPIDEMIC EFFECTS OF ANNONA MURICATA L. LEAF ETHANOL EXTRACT

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Sovia ◽  
W. Ratwita ◽  
D. Wijayanti ◽  
D. R. Novianty
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Islet Of Langerhans ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Annona muricata leaf ethanol extract. This study also investigated phytochemical analysis of the extract and improvement in the islet of Langerhans.Methods: Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects were evaluated using alloxan induced diabetic rats. Twenty-five Wistar rats devided into five groups, that are normal group, control group that induced by alloxan 125 mg/kg body weight and given CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose), and three treatment group that induced by alloxan and given Annona muricata leaf ethanol extract (AMLEE) with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight. Blood glucose and total cholesterol levels were measured before and after alloxan induction, and 21 d after AMLEE treatment. At the end of the study, all of the animals experiment were sacrificed for histopathological examination.Results: Phytochemical analysis revealed that flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phytosterols and phenols were present in ethanol extract of Annona muricata L. leaf. At the end of the study, blood glucose and total cholesterol levels in all AMLEE treated group were decreased significantly (p<0.05). Final blood glucose level in the groups that given AMLEE 50 mg/kg body weight (86.7±14.6 mg/dl) was almost the same with that of the normal group (91.25±28.38 mg/dl). The result of the histopathological examination is not showed an improvement of the islet of Langerhans in AMLEE treated groups.Conclusion: In conclusion, the ethanol extract of Annona muricata L. leaf have hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects. However, there was no improvement in the islet of Langerhans damage.

scholarly journals Standardisasi Parameter Spesifik dan Non Spesifik Ekstrak Etanol Buah Asam Gelugur (GarciniaAatroviridis Griff.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
Galih Samodra
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Reduce Body Weight ◽  
Specific Parameter

Acid gelugur fruit (Garcinia atroviridis) is one of the Garcinia families that has long been used as traditional medicine. Gelugur acid has been widely used as a cooking spice by Malay people, but it also has the ability to reduce cholesterol. Besides that, it has antioxidant properties and can reduce body weight and cholesterol. The purpose of this study was to establish specific parameter standards and non-specific parameters from the ethanol extract of acid gelugur fruit. The extract was obtained by maceration method using 70% ethanol with a rendament of 37.15%. Specific parameters include observations of organoleptic extracts of tamarind fruit showed, dark brown, distinctive smelling, and sour. Contains several sekendur metabolites such as flavonoids and saponins. The level of the compound that is soluble in water is 3.6%, while the content of the compound dissolved in ethanol is 3.9%. Total ash content of 2.99%. Non-specific parameters include acid insoluble ash content of 1.03%. The drying rate of geluguric acid simplicia was 7.20%. Water content of sour fruit gelugur extract was 13%.  

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