scholarly journals Biotechnological Processes Digitalization in Animal Husbandry

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3C) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Management System ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Parameters Optimization ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Productivity Level ◽  
Beam Focusing ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Biotechnological Processes ◽  
Division System

The article analyzes the agrarian enterprises business processes management and enterprises which providing their activity, based on the digitization technologies and other innovative solutions. High rates of technological and technological upgrades for their implementation require constant monitoring and implementation of innovative solutions in the agricultural management field and established economic links with organizations, which create and spread such innovations. The innovation implementation in a broad sense contributes to the labor productivity growth, saving resources, reducing costs, increasing production and sales, and improving efficiency. Authors propose to consider the digitalization technologies application in embryo transplant enterprises (laboratories) that provide agricultural enterprises with cattle embryos. The software, in combination with the biotechnology laser embryo division system, allows authors to automate the process and ensure its high quality, and the mathematical model formalization - to transfer the process methodology to almost all areas of animal husbandry. The result within Ukraine is the livestock herds restoration and higher productivity level transition in the direction of the slaughter weight and milk yield increasing, and improving the corresponding indicators of enterprises, industry, economy of the country. Such technologies form the requirements for agrarian management system, a qualitatively new level of professional education and behavior of specialists, which motivates to the end result. The formation of the agrarian management system as a whole requires the dititalization tools involvement in the process of innovations implementation. Thus, embryo transplant enterprises (laboratories) can and should make extensive use in addition to special (surgical) equipment and state-of-the-art laser equipment, digital equipment, software, IT tools. The state of embryo transplantation technologies development in animal husbandry and its improvement possibility through biotechnological processes automation and digitization with the use of a laser embryo division system allows to increase the process’ quality indicators. Algorithms that visualize the process of laser control and laser beam focusing are implemented by computer software. It is the "brain" of the biotechnological system and requires optimization of all system components’ parameters. Therefore, authors have solved the problem of technical means operating parameters optimization by biotechnological process utomation and digitization means of elite farm animals’ embryos laser division.

scholarly journals PROFESSOR I. V. SMIRNOV (1911–1993) – ORGANIZER OF THE SYSTEM OF HIGHER PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH WORK, FOUNDER OF THE THEORY AND METHODOLOGY OF REPRODUCTIVE BIOTECHNOLOGY

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
M. V. Gladiy ◽  
Yu. P. Polupan ◽  
S. I. Kovtun ◽  
I. S. Borodai
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Mammalian Sperm ◽  
Higher Professional Education ◽  
Term Storage

The purpose of the article is to highlight the main milestones in the life and creative path of the famous scientist in the field of animal husbandry, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor I. V. Smirnov, his contribution to the formation of the sectorial experimental work and the spread of higher professional education. Research methods – general scientific (analysis, synthesis, classification), special historical (problem-chronological, comparative-historical, biographical), source studies. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the detailed study of the Terezyno period of I. V. Smirnov's activities, during which the new technological solutions were established and implemented contributing to the development of the theory and methodology of artificial insemination of farm animals. It is proved that on the basis of the Kiev Experimental Station of Animal Husbandry "Terezyno" the scientist implemented the concept of the development of higher professional education, based on the combination of the educational process with long-term industrial practice; laid the foundations for international cooperation in the field of reproduction biotechnology in animal husbandry. The main components of the I. V. Smirnov's creativity are highlighted, namely: methods of sperm long-term storage, technologies and techniques of artificial insemination, biology and physiology of reproduction of farm animals, etc. The researcher developed the theory of anabiosis, the theory of cold sperm shock, established the methods for mammalian sperm diluting and evaluating. He updated research on the use of blood groups for testing the lineage of animals and artificially regulating the sex of the offspring. It is shown that the method of mammalian sperm long-term storage formed the theoretical basis for the reorganization of domestic breeding on the basis of the widespread introduction of artificial insemination, contributed to a fast transformation of the gene pool of farm animals due to the involvement of genetic resources of foreign breeding in the selection process. It has been proved that thanks to the I. V. Smirnov's creative initiatives, the foundations have been laid for the development of a new direction in the science of the reproduction of organic species – reproductive biotechnology of farm animals.

scholarly journals Multiresistant Bacteria Isolated from Intestinal Faeces of Farm Animals in Austria

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 466
Author(s):  
Herbert Galler ◽  
Josefa Luxner ◽  
Christian Petternel ◽  
Franz F. Reinthaler ◽  
Juliana Habib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Products ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Multiresistant Bacteria ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

In recent years, antibiotic-resistant bacteria with an impact on human health, such as extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-containing Enterobacteriaceae, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE), have become more common in food. This is due to the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry, which leads to the promotion of antibiotic resistance and thus also makes food a source of such resistant bacteria. Most studies dealing with this issue usually focus on the animals or processed food products to examine the antibiotic resistant bacteria. This study investigated the intestine as another main habitat besides the skin for multiresistant bacteria. For this purpose, faeces samples were taken directly from the intestines of swine (n = 71) and broiler (n = 100) during the slaughter process and analysed. All samples were from animals fed in Austria and slaughtered in Austrian slaughterhouses for food production. The samples were examined for the presence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, MRSA, MRCoNS and VRE. The resistance genes of the isolated bacteria were detected and sequenced by PCR. Phenotypic ESBL-producing Escherichia coli could be isolated in 10% of broiler casings (10 out of 100) and 43.6% of swine casings (31 out of 71). In line with previous studies, the results of this study showed that CTX-M-1 was the dominant ESBL produced by E. coli from swine (n = 25, 83.3%) and SHV-12 from broilers (n = 13, 81.3%). Overall, the frequency of positive samples with multidrug-resistant bacteria was lower than in most comparable studies focusing on meat products.

Preparation of the copper-containing metallogels based on chitosan for biomedical and agricultural applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
A. A. Vikhrov ◽  
◽  
V. P. Zubov ◽  
S. Yu. Zaytsev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Chitosan Solution ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Polymer Complexes ◽  
Promising Alternative

It is well-known, due to the geological features in a number of regions of the Russian Federation, there may be a shortage of certain microelements and other important “nutrients” in animal diets. The main approach to solve this problem is to use special feed additives. At present, preparations based on organic sources, for example, metal-polymer complexes, are considered a promising alternative. The purpose of this study is to develop an improved method for preparation of the copper-containing polysaccharide complexes and to study their most important parameters. Using CuCl2 as an example, it was shown that the formation of chitosan hydrogels is possible without the usage of potentially hazardous cross-linking agents (for example, glutaraldehyde) or polyvalent anions (for example, SO4 2–), which provide non-covalent cross-linking of chitosan due to electrostatic interactions with NH3 + in its composition. It was found that, upon frontal «gelation» of a 2% chitosan solution (MM 400±100 kDa) in acetic acid (1 vol%), the formation of stable metal gels is observed provided that the content of CuCl2 and ethanol in the precipitant solution is more than 40 mg/ml or more than 24 vol.%, respectively (Vchitosan = Vprecipitant). The obtained complexes are stable in aqueous-alcoholic solutions and swell in water up to destruction (pH 5,5). After additional treatment with an aqueous 1,5% ammonia solution, complexes practically do not swell in solutions with ≥ pH 5,5 (at least τ = 6 days) and dissolve at pH ≤ 4,2. Thus, the use of these complexes is able to provide the release of Cu2 + not in the rumen (pH 6,3–7,2), but in the abomasum (pH ~ 3), which can increase the bioavailability of copper. The development of an improved method for obtaining metal-polysaccharide complexes in a gel form that does not contain «ballast» (in terms of nutritional value and physiology of farm animals) anions (for example, SO4 2–) opens up new opportunities for the development of highly effective feed additives for animal husbandry.

scholarly journals Current state and development trends of livestock in the Republic of Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-144
Author(s):  
S. M. Yessengaliyeva ◽  
M. A. Mansurova ◽  
A. D. Makhmudov ◽  
L. V. Fedorchenko
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Livestock Industry ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Republic

The article is devoted to the study and analysis of the current state of the animal husbandry industry in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of regions. The indicators of the dynamics of the number of livestock of farm animals for the period 2015-2019 by regions, indicators of productivity in the industry, indicators of the volume of production of meat products are analyzed. The dynamics and structure of costs in the country’s livestock industry are also considered.Today, one of the most pressing problems in the development of the agro-industrial complex is the low level of labor productivity due to low automation and digitalization of technological processes. The need to meet the demand for livestock products in the domestic market of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as to increase its export resources, poses a challenge for Kazakhstani science and practice to develop, scientifically substantiate and master modern technologies for the production of low-cost, environmentally friendly, competitive products of the industry. They should be resource-saving, aimed at maximizing the use and improvement of the genetic potential of farmed farm animals, adapted to the specific natural and economic conditions of the regions of the republic. The development and mastering of such technologies will make it possible to weaken the negative impact of the industry on the environment, reduce the cost of material resources, and effectively use the available land and water resources [5].The main problems hindering the effective development of the country’s livestock industry are identified. The promising strategic directions for the development of this industry have been determined. From the point of view of experts of the financial organization, the country has good potential and opportunities to export its beef and pork to China, and the lamb of the Edilbay sheep breed to the countries of the Middle East.

scholarly journals Animals in the legal culture of Prussian towns (the 13th–16th centuries): An overview

2019 ◽  
pp. 171-182
Author(s):  
Paweł Mateusz Modrzyński
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Animal Waste ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Household Appliances

Animals were a permanent element in the landscape of medieval towns. Many residents of the then urban centres lived of animal husbandry. In addition to farm animals (e.g. pigs), they kept domestic animals (e.g. dogs and cats) as well as wild animals. The latter often sought food in garbage and suburbs. Such animals were also kept for entertainment. Authorities of Prussian towns regulated many issues related to the functioning of towns, including those concerning animal husbandry. Animals could pose a threat to the health and life of residents. They were also considered to be pests that destroy crops, orchards, and household appliances. The legislation of the period was focused on determining guilt for crimes and offenses committed by animals. Either an animal, treated as an entity responsible for the harmful act, or its owner was blamed for the misconducts. The presence of animals, especially livestock, was considered to be the cause of considerable sanitary problems in towns, mainly due to animal waste. Town authorities regulated issues concerning cattle herding and grazing. The care over the herd was entrusted to urban shepherds whose service was regulated by town legislation. The problem of the perception of animals by the society of that time was also significant. Although seemingly unwanted, they were the only source of income for many residents. For some, animals were pests, and for others, a guarantee of fragile existence. It was also a time when people began to wonder what exactly an animal is, what role it should play in human life, and how to treat it.

scholarly journals The impact of innovations on the efficiency of animal husbandry in Lviv region

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (97) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
K. Hirniak
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Process ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Livestock Industry ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Method Of Evaluation ◽  
The Impact

Domestic agricultural enterprises do not have a high level of innovation activity, however, stable and competitive operation of an agricultural enterprise is impossible without its innovative activity. Stabilization of the situation in the agricultural sector with the current level of competition and constant technological variables, the innovative vector of development is the driving component of economic growth. Activation of innovation of domestic agricultural enterprises is one of the important prerequisites for stability and sustainable socio-economic development of the country. Consequently, the effective functioning of the livestock industry is possible only under the conditions of systemic and purposeful innovation aimed at finding a variety of new opportunities provided by the business environment. The innovation process in domestic animal husbandry is clearly aimed at the end result - a certain socio-economic, technical or environmental effects. The efficiency of animal husbandry is determined after the introduction of innovation, calculated by the method of evaluation of investment projects. On the example of Lviv region we analyzed the conditions of innovative activity in animal husbandry, assessed the modern innovative potential of the industry, established the features of its innovation and investment activities. SWOT-analysis is an important component of assessing the position of livestock enterprises in the region. It should be recognized that the innovative activity of livestock enterprises is mainly associated with the final stage of the innovation process – the development of innovations. In 2020, farms of all categories of Lviv region compared to 2019 decreased meat production (sales for slaughter of farm animals in live weight) by 1.6 %, milk – by 4.7 %, eggs – by 0.3 %. cattle on farms of all categories on January 1, 2021 amounted to 144.4 thousand heads (including cows – 86.2 thousand heads), pigs – 346.1 thousand heads, poultry – 10.5 million. heads. Compared to January 1, 2020, the number of poultry increased by 5.7 %, pigs – by 4.1 %, the number of cattle decreased by 8.2 % (including cows – by 8.6 %). Innovative activity of the livestock industry is formed under the influence of the domestic innovation system and has its own specifics, which is caused by the peculiarities of agriculture. Most innovative projects are aimed at introducing innovations that contribute to the intensification of animal husbandry and increase the competitiveness of products. Thus, on the basis of innovative development of animal husbandry it is possible to achieve a significant increase in the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises, which will allow Ukrainian producers to achieve significant results in world markets for agricultural products.

scholarly journals Analysis of the domestic market of veterinary incesctoacaricides

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. K. Halchynska ◽  
◽  
Ya. V. Yarmolenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
State Level ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
The State ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Survey Analysis

The main condition for ensuring the economic efficiency of agricultural livestock rearing is the maintenance of wellbeing of farm animals, which is characterized by high productive qualities and the necessary reproductive capacity. At the same time, outbreaks of diseases of various etiologies, including parasitic, are often the cause of reduced productivity of animals. Pest insects control is important in the conditions of intensive animal husbandry, when at big farms and complexes animals are concentrated in large numbers. This increases the risk of reproduction and rapid spread of many insects that parasitize farm animals and are carriers of infectious and invasive diseases and cause economic damage due to reduced animal productivity and quality of raw materials. Protection of animals from ecto- and endoparasites requires the development and creation of highly effective antiparasitic drugs, because providing the necessary range of means to combat diseases of animals, inexpensive in price, in user-friendly forms is a way to further development of animal husbandry. Recent years mark a development of the domestic market of medicines for veterinary use, an increase in the number of registered drugs, the development of enterprises producing medicines, an increase in the number of companies engaged in pharmaceutical activities in both wholesale and retail. All this speaks of the prospects of the market of medicines for veterinary use. Specialists working in the field of production and sale of medicines need immediate, objective and reliable information on the state of the pharmaceutical market. This information has a significant volume and dynamism. Identifying the peculiarities of the formation of the market of veterinary goods at the state level should contribute to the improvement of management methods in this sphere, and the development of veterinary entrepreneurship. Therefore, the reorientation of domestic pharmaceutical companies to the principles of marketing will ensure the search, development and production of effective and competitive drugs, which will meet the pressing needs of customers. The aim of the work was to study the structure of the domestic pharmaceutical market, namely veterinary insectoacaricides. Our research focused on such tasks as studying the nomenclature of veterinary insectoacaricides of foreign and domestic manufacturers by the following indicators: manufacturers, species, forms of release and means of administration. The study of imported products also focused on the country of manufacture according to the State Register of Medicines. The study uses the methods of survey, analysis, comparison, generalization to get the required information. Statistical method was used to process the obtained data. Insectoacaricides are a significant share of the domestic pharmaceutical market. The study group is represented by 186 drugs of domestic and foreign manufacture, which is about 3% of the total number of all registered drugs. Of the 186 registered drugs, 35.5% (66) are imported and 64.5% (120) are domestic. Among insectoacaricides of foreign manufacture, the largest market share is occupied by Merial and KRKA, d.d., Novo mesto – 10.6% each (7 drugs each), KVP Pharma and Veterinar-Product GmbH – 9.1% (6 drugs), and among domestic companies the products of TOV “UKRBIONIT”; VK “KRUG”; TOV “NOVA PLUS” comprises 14.2% (17 drugs), TOV “Vetsintez” and TOV “NOVA PLUS” - 10.8% (13 drugs each), TOV “MEDIPROMTEK”, TOV company “Product”, TOV “NVP “SUZIRIA” – 8.3% (10 drugs each). The implementation of marketing activities which includes the research of the pharmaceutical market, allows companies to better adapt to market economy conditions, determine tactics of competitive behavior, adapt to change, improve strategy, change the production process according to consumer requirements and needs.

Transformation of the Personnel Management System in the Conditions of Digitalization of HR Processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergii Kholod ◽  
Valentyna Pavlova ◽  
Anhelina Spitsyna ◽  
Yuliia Maistrenko ◽  
Oksana Anufrieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Personnel Management ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Management System ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Ability To Work ◽  
Hr Management ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Personnel Management System ◽  
The Impact

Human capital is the driving force behind the digital economy. The use of digital technology has a significant impact on the entire life cycle of personnel in an organization, including hiring, onboarding, and firing. The authors examined the essence of the personnel management system, various models for building a personnel management system in an organization, and studied applying a particular model for a specific organization. The authors studied and visually presented the features of objects, subjects and goals of the personnel management system. The authors also examined the impact of digitalization on the personnel management system, what requirements are imposed on personnel's professional competencies, and new and already used trends in HR automation and recruiting that will help to work better and more efficiently. Generalization of theoretical and empirical experience, cognitive technologies based on the use of artificial intelligence and digital data in HR management allowed the authors to highlight innovative solutions and propose an algorithm for transforming the personnel management system in the context of digitalization of HR processes. Besides, the authors proposed criteria and a scale for assessing the effectiveness of the transformation of the personnel management system in the context of the digitalization of HR processes. Thanks to this, as well as the use of such elements in the framework of personnel management as cloud technology, the ability to work remotely, big data, social media and artificial intelligence, companies, can increase their lead over competitors.

Transportation in Pig Husbandry: Does an Increase in Consumers’ Information and Knowledge Lead to a More Positive Attitude?

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Stefan Clemens Wille ◽  
Achim Spiller
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
The Public ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

In the European Union, and Germany in particular, the transport of livestock is an essential step in the meat production process. Pig transport especially, has frequently been the focus of public interest. In the last several decades, awareness for animal welfare has grown in society, which has often led to negative attitudes from the public towards farm animal husbandry and transportation. It is a well-known fact that a person’s knowledge and his/her attitude are strongly linked. Thus far, the connection between knowledge and attitude with regards to the transport of farm animals, especially pigs, has not been scientifically examined. In an online survey taken by 272 German consumers the effect that additional information in the form of written texts and pictures on public perception was examined. The results of this study reveal that this additional information does have a positive effect on the respondents’ attitudes, yet consumer attitudes remain rather negative.

scholarly journals The Quality Management System of Additional Professional Education in Higher Educational Institution on the Basis of a Standard Quality System

2019 ◽  
Vol 297 ◽  
pp. 06010
Author(s):  
Albert Simkin ◽  
Tatyana Mozhaeva ◽  
Alexander Proskurin
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Management System ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
Quality System ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Creation

The strategic goal of the state policy of the Russian Federation concerning education is to ensure the quality of functioning of additional professional education (APE) as means of social development, and in this regard, the creation of a modern system of continuous education, i.e. the implementation of the concept of lifelong learning. The solution of this problem is possible on the basis of the development and integration into the overall management system of the educational organization of the quality management system (QMS) of additional professional education, taking into account the specifics of this type of activity. The paper is proposed to develop the QMS of APE of higher education on the basis of a standard model of quality system proposed in 2006 by a consortium of representatives of educational institutions of secondary vocational and higher education of the Russian Federation. The creation of quality systems of educational organizations on the basis of the model of QMS of OO considered in the article, adapted to the specifics of APE will contribute to the creation of conditions for ensuring the quality of training of students of professional educational programs.

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