scholarly journals ROOT FERTILIZING INFLUENCE ON THE CHLOROPHYLL CONTENTS IN MAIZE HYBRIDS IN THE DIFFERENT GROUPS OF MATURITY

2019 ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
Vitalii Palamarchuk
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Maize Leaves ◽  
Period Duration

The article presents a research of root fertilizing influence on the chlorophyll contents in maize hybrids leaves in the different groups of ripeness. Two times root fertilizing application (in phase 5-7 and 10-12 of maize leaves) supports the highest level of chlorophyll.The most reliable chlorophyll quantity increase is shown in two times hybrids dressing with Biomag drug. The highest chlorophyll contents was recorded in 2011 which was the most favorable for maize growing. The lowest chlorophyll contents was noted in 2012 that characterized significant dry season in growing period of maize.It is determined that the extension of vegetation period duration of researched hybrids contributes to chlorophyll contents enhancement. A chlorophyll contents also varies according to biological features of a certain hybrid.

scholarly journals Introduction of sorts of Clematis L. genus in the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of UFRC RAS

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Roza A. Bilalova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Resistance ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Vegetative Reproduction ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Seasonal Rhythm ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Biological Features

The article presents the results of a long-term of study of biological features of 54 sorts of Clematis L. genus of collection of the SouthUral Botanical Garden-Institute of UFRC RAS. The aim of the work was to summarize the introduction studies for the possibility of successful use of clematis sorts in vertical gardening in the Bashkir Cis-Urals and adjacent territories. During the period 2007 and 2015, the seasonal rhythm of growth and development and vegetative reproduction were studied, and the prospects of introduction and introduction resistance under the culture were assessed. The length of the clematis growing period varies from 156 to 168 days. The duration of flowering of sorts is 24–111 days. Rooting of clematis sorts using root-forming stimulators is 33 to 100%. The largest number of rooted cuttings was obtained using the preparation “Circon”. According to the results of the introduction success assessment, all the studied sorts have high resistance to local climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Vegetation period of genetic resources of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-47
Author(s):  
Grażyna Silska
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering

Abstract Introduction Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants (INF&MP) is involved in gathering and evaluation of genetic resources of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) and medicinal plants, because Poland has signed the Convention on Biological Diversity. Field trials were carried out in 1990–2001 in the Experimental Station in Wojciechów located in Opolskie region. The research material was accessions of genetic resources from the collection of flax, stored at the Institute of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute in Radzików near Warsaw. Objective The aim of the publication was to evaluate the following biological features of flax: time of beginning of flowering and vegetation period to yellow maturity. Methods The characteristics data for flax accessions are presented according to the methodology of development of the International Flax Database. Each flax accessions from the world collection of flax genetic resources received one of the following assessments of two vegetation periods: very short, short, medium, long and very long. Descriptors of biological features of flax were used, presented in “List of flax descriptors (L. usitatissimum L.)” edited by Janka Nozkova, published in 2011. These descriptors are used to develop the International Flax Database, which in turn helps in the rapid evaluation of the L. usitatissimum genetic resource collection. Carrying out a detailed characterization of biological features of L. usitatissimum accessions is very helpful for breeders in selecting genetic material for breeding new varieties of flax. Results The following results were obtained from the time of the beginning of flowering and the vegetation period to yellow maturity. Time of beginning of flowering was the following: very short – 0 accessions, short – 97 accessions, medium – 20 accessions, long – 2 accessions and very long – 0 accessions of flax. The genotypes tested were characterized by the following results in terms of vegetation period from sowing to yellow maturity: very short – 0, short – 37, medium – 62, long – 0 and very long – 0 accessions of flax. Conclusions Time of beginning of flowering and the vegetation period to yellow maturity shall be revalorised to the International Flax Database for those L. usitatissimum accessions that did not receive the same assessment of the biological features tested in the two or three years of the study.

Evaluation of the level of N supply in maize hybrids at different nutritional levels

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
A. Ványiné Széles
Keyword(s):  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Stochastic Correlation ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Average Precipitation ◽  
Average Rainfall

The aim of the research was to determine the effect of fertilisation and year on the SPAD value and on the dynamics of the SPAD value during the growing season.The results proved that the SPAD value steadily decreased over the growing season in a dry year, whereas it increased in a year with favourable precipitation. Fertilisation increased the SPAD values significantly (P<0.001). The significantly highest SPAD value, in both dry years and those with average rainfall, was achieved by applying 60 kg N ha −1 fertiliser active ingredient at the 6-leaf stage, and 120 kg N ha −1 at both the 12-leaf stage and the 50% silking stage.The correlation between fertilisation and SPAD values was greatly affected by the year, being closest in 2004 when there was an average precipitation supply, and weakest in 2007, the driest year. The correlation between the factors was weak at the 6-leaf stage, but became stronger as the vegetation period proceeded.As the growing season progressed, the SPAD values decreased in the dry year, but increased in the year with average precipitation supplies. Nutrient uptake was relatively intensive until the 12-leaf stage in the average year. In the dry year, the decrease in the SPAD value was the most intensive at the 50% silking stage.There was no stochastic correlation between the SPAD value measured at the 6-leaf stage and the yield, but the correlation between the two variables became stronger during the vegetation period.

scholarly journals Examination of the impact of sowing technology models on the ear, constiuent and yield parameters of the yield formation elements of maize hybrids of different genotypes

2013 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Enikő Bene
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hybrid Group

Production year 2012 has been characterised by climatic extremities. The weather of this year can be considered very contradictory in terms of maize production. The droughty conditions of the winter and spring months had a negative effect on both germination and starting vigour. The favourable weather of May-July created ideal conditions for intensive growth and generative processes; however the lack of precipitation in August and September had a damaging effect on the development of yield composing elements and grain saturation processes as well. Under such circumstances, the sowing date models caused significant differences in the yield and quality of the hybrids belonging to different growth periods. The growing period of the maize hybrids has been shortened as a result of the unfavourable climatic conditions. Based on the trial results, it is verifiable that short growing period hybrids can be securely sown in draughty years even with a later sowing date, however using a later sowing date in the case of longer growth period hybrids may result even in a yield loss of 2–3 t ha-1. In the case of early and average sowing dates, with given yearly conditions the hybrids of the observed FAO 370-390 hybrid group provided the best result (12.40 t ha-1, 10.99 t ha-1), while in the case of the third, late sowing date the yield dominance of the FAO 290-350 hybrid group is the most significant (10.08 t ha-1). The analysis of the yield composing elements found that the P9578 hybrid has the highest shelling ratio, while its cob is the shortest. The P9494 hybrid has a high yield and the highest thousand grain weight, while the DKC 4983 has the longest cob and its thousand grain weight is above 300 g. The results confirm the fact that DKC 4590 has the highest yield potential and starch content, while in terms of oil and protein content the Szegedi 386 and NK Octet hybrids are the most important.

scholarly journals Influence of seeding density and fertilizing on water consumption, growth and development of maize hybrids

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
V.I. Polyakov ◽  
L.M. Karpuk ◽  
I.D. Prymak
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Seeding Density ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Consumption Growth ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
The Difference

We presented the analysis of water consumption, growth, and development of maize hybrids depending on crops and fertilizer density. We conducted our research under Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University (Ukraine) educational and production center conditions in 2017-2019. During the active growing season of corn plants (June), moisture reserves in the 0-20 cm layer of the soil decrease to the level of unsatisfactory, and the plants experience a lack of moisture. Although, as results of defining moisture stocks in 0-100 cm layer of soil show, plants begin to assimilate it in the third ten-day period of May actively, and there is a sharp transition to good moisture stocks in the first ten-day period of June and to poor ones in the second and third ten-day periods of June. Cultivation of maize hybrids with FAO over 400 in unstable moisture conditions is quite risky because plants experience a significant lack of moisture in periods of their active growth and development. We have proved that at the density of crops within 55000/ha, the highest coefficients of water consumption were observed compared to plant densities of 65000 and 75000/ha. At hybrid DO Pivikha, the difference between average values of coefficient of water consumption at densities of crops 65000 and 75000/ha, was 25.5 and 46.75 m3/t, at hybrid DO ORLIK – 14.25 and 41.0 m3/t and at hybrid DO SARMAT respectively 17.5 and 39.0 m3/t. We found that the mineral system of fertilization compared with the organic-mineral and organic promotes water consumption growth per unit production in DN Pivikha by 4-15 m3/t, in DN ORLIK by 1-7 m3/t, and in DN SARMAT by 7-15 m3/t. The obtained patterns, for the most part, do not exceed the value of NIR0.05. In general, the duration of the growing season of the plants of the hybrid DO Pivikha was 109 days, and the hybrid DO ORLIK was 122, and the hybrid DO SARMAT was 129 days. These hybrids were in optimal conditions for growth and development and met the declared values of FAO, since for PO Pivikha, the limits of the optimal duration of the vegetation period were determined as 107-115 days, for the hybrid DO ORLIK - 120-125, and for the hybrid DO SARMAT - 128-130 days.

scholarly journals Grain yield and quality of maize hybrids in different FAO maturity groups

2010 ◽  
pp. 126-131
Author(s):  
Voichita Has ◽  
Radu Groza ◽  
Ioan Has ◽  
Ana Copandean ◽  
Elena Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Oil Accumulation ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality ◽  
Maturity Groups

An improvement in the quality of maize grain by increasing the level of components responsible for its biological value is possibleby using genetic means. However, a change in the genotype, together with improving the nutrient properties of the grain, also has someadverse consequences connected with a fall in yield and in resistance to diseases.Field experiments were conducted during three years (2003, 2004and 2005) to evaluate environmental effects on grain yield andquality responses of maize hybrids. Twenty one hybrids of various maturity groups (FAO 150-400) were planted to achieve an optimum(60-70 000 plants per hectare) plant populations and grown under the medium-N (80 kg N ha-1) fertilization. Environmental conditionssignificantly affected maize hybrid responses for grain yield, starch, oil and protein contents, and consequently, starch, oil and proteinyields per hectare. Hybrids of flint type, which have a short vegetation period, had high protein and oil content but the yield averageswere low due to the slower rate of starch incorporation. Hybrids of the dent type have a longer growing season and more intensecarbohydrate accumulation, but low protein and oil contents. In wet years there was a higher rate of starch accumulation, while dryyears are favorable for protein and oil accumulation. Positive correlation existed between starch content and grain yield and 1000-weight as well as between oil content and volumetric weight among tested hybrids. Negatively correlation existed between grain oil andstarch content as well as between oil content and grain yield and 1000-weight. Thus, end-users that require high quality maize may needto provide incentives to growers to off set the negative correlation of grain yield with oil and protein content.

scholarly journals PRINOS ZRNA HIBRIDA KUKURUZA RAZLIČITIH FAO GRUPA ZRENJA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milomirka Madic ◽  
◽  
Dalibor Tomic ◽  
Aleksandar Paunovic ◽  
Vladeta Stevovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Maturity Group ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Critical Phases

Field experiments with 11 native maize hybrids for grain production FAO maturity group 400-600 were set up over two years at two sites (near the villages of Brzan and Lužnice, Kragujevac municipality) with the aim of, based on the yield over years, recommending hybrids for specific agroecological conditions. The average maize grain yield for all hybrids in 2017 was 4.2 t ha-1, and in 2018 11.1 t ha-1. Hybrids ZP 548 and NS 5051 had the highest average grain yield in 2017, and in 2018 ZP 560 and NS 4051. Higher yields in 2018 are mainly the result of a larger amount and a more favorable distribution of precipitation in the vegetation period. In both years, which differed in agrometeorological conditions during the vegetation period, especially in the amount and distribution of precipitation in the second part of the vegetation, in which the critical phases of maize development take place, the highest yields were recorded mainly in FAO 500 hybrids.

scholarly journals Effect of Environmentally Friendly Nutrition Supply on Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana B.) Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mária TAKÁCS-HÁJOS ◽  
Tímea RUBÓCZKI ◽  
Fruzsina M. SZABÓ ◽  
Annamária KISS
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Raised Bed ◽  
Positive Effect

The experiment was carried out on raised bed (3 rows) with 33 cm row distance and 25 cm between the plants and 24 plant m-2 density. The plantation was prepared on 28 May, 2015 with about 10 cm high transplants. The soil surface was mulched with wooden chips (5 cm layer). The aim was to evaluate the environmentally friendly fertilizers (Dudarit - 150 g m-2, Sprintalga – 0.04% concentration four times 200 mL per plant). During the vegetation period pruning was applied at 30 cm plant height at the 4th double leaf from the soil surface and two cuttings (13 Aug and 29 Sept). By evaluating the effect of treatment on the leaf surface and chlorophyll content, statistically significant results were not found. Higher SPAD (relative chlorophyll content) value was measured in the middle of the growing period compared to the end of the vegetation when the plants were older and the temperature started to decrease. The positive effect of Dudarit and Sprintalga was clear on the plant height and biomass production. The dried herb yield was higher (4 kg m-2) on treated plots comparing to control (3 kg m-2). Although increased photosynthetic intensity was not detected on treated plots, the plantation showed greater vitality and side shoot improvement to control plots. Under our circumstances, the environmentally friendly fertilization (Dudarit and Sprintalga) has increased the dried leaves yield with 20% by similar stevioside and rebaudioside-A content.

EFEKTIFITAS EMBUNG UNTUK IRIGASI TANAMAN HORTIKULTURA DI CIKAKAK SUKABUMI

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Suria Darma Tarigan
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Small Farm ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Dryland Farming ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Effective Water

Dryland farming provides a promising opportunity in increasing agricultural production in rural areas. But, the lack of available water during dry season poses a problem in developing dryland farming. An effective water conservation technique should be developed to alleviate this problem. The use of a small farm reservoir (embung) can be considered as one viable option for such conservation techniques. The purpose of this research was to study the effectivity of small farm reservoirs to supply irrigation water for horticulture commodities. Two different types of small farm reservoir (SFR) were constructed in the micro catchment for the research, i.e. a) SFR built with concrete, b) SFR built without concrete. SFR built with concrete had higher water available for irrigation, which is 34% higher compared to SFR without concrete. In addition, the empirical equation that was used in this research was quite reliable in predicting colected water in the SFRs. Using 80% monthly rain probability, on average one small farm reservoir with dimension 8 m x 2m x 2 m was able to supply irrigation water for 100 m2 horticulture plants for the whole growing period. Keywords: Small farm reservoir, dry season, irrigation, dryland farming.

Comparison of some methods for estimating vegetation periods in maize

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Marton ◽  
L. Kálmán ◽  
T. Árendás ◽  
P. Bónis ◽  
D. Szieberth
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
New Method ◽  
List Type ◽  
Maturity Group ◽  
Heat Unit ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Harvest Moisture ◽  
Maturity Groups

A new method has been elaborated to estimate the length of the vegetation period of new maize hybrids. According to this method, the length of the vegetation period is expressed by the FAO number, calculated from the following traits: 1. 50% silking 2. Grain moisture when the average grain moisture of maturity group standards is 25% 3. Grain moisture when the average grain moisture of maturity group standards is 20% 4. Grain moisture at harvest. The standards of the neighbouring maturity groups are also included in each experiment.The results obtained with this method were compared to the heat unit (GDD) method and to other methods of calculating FAO numbers. The new method has several advantages over previous techniques based on moisture content alone: the fluctuation of the estimated FAO number over locations and years decreased, as did the significant differences between the calculated FAO numbers; the reliability and precision of the new FAO number is less dependent on the date of harvest (moisture content); and the FAO numbers calculated with the new method are in the closest correlation with the heat unit estimates.

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