scholarly journals Effect of Environmentally Friendly Nutrition Supply on Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana B.) Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mária TAKÁCS-HÁJOS ◽  
Tímea RUBÓCZKI ◽  
Fruzsina M. SZABÓ ◽  
Annamária KISS
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Raised Bed ◽  
Positive Effect

The experiment was carried out on raised bed (3 rows) with 33 cm row distance and 25 cm between the plants and 24 plant m-2 density. The plantation was prepared on 28 May, 2015 with about 10 cm high transplants. The soil surface was mulched with wooden chips (5 cm layer). The aim was to evaluate the environmentally friendly fertilizers (Dudarit - 150 g m-2, Sprintalga – 0.04% concentration four times 200 mL per plant). During the vegetation period pruning was applied at 30 cm plant height at the 4th double leaf from the soil surface and two cuttings (13 Aug and 29 Sept). By evaluating the effect of treatment on the leaf surface and chlorophyll content, statistically significant results were not found. Higher SPAD (relative chlorophyll content) value was measured in the middle of the growing period compared to the end of the vegetation when the plants were older and the temperature started to decrease. The positive effect of Dudarit and Sprintalga was clear on the plant height and biomass production. The dried herb yield was higher (4 kg m-2) on treated plots comparing to control (3 kg m-2). Although increased photosynthetic intensity was not detected on treated plots, the plantation showed greater vitality and side shoot improvement to control plots. Under our circumstances, the environmentally friendly fertilization (Dudarit and Sprintalga) has increased the dried leaves yield with 20% by similar stevioside and rebaudioside-A content.

scholarly journals Possibility of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana B.) production in Hungary

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Takácsné Hájos ◽  
T. Rubóczki ◽  
A. Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Plastic Sheet ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Raised Bed ◽  
Fungi Infection ◽  
Black Plastic

Artificial sweeteners have harmful effect on human health, so it is great interested in stevia extract. Our experiment was aimed to show the possibility of inland production of stevia. Different plastic mulches were used (black and white) on raised bed and were compared to uncovered (control) plots for yield and state of health of plants. Furthermore we evaluated the depth of cuttings (low cutting until the 6th double leaf; normal cutting until the upper ⅓ of the plant) on the yield depending on the covering method. The plants were  transplanted on 9 of May, 2014 on raised bed, 3 rows on it, with 33x25 cm spacing. According to our results, the black plastic mulch produced the highest yield, which can be explained by suppressing effect on weeds, furthermore it kept the soil warm, moist and protected the lower leaves from soil wetness. But, the white sheet mulch could not eliminate weeds around the plants. The total biomass on the black plastic sheet covered plots was the highest, nearly 1000 g pro plant by low cutting. On the control plots the fungi infection reached about 25-30%, which caused leaf falling of plants, decreasing of yield by the end of vegetation period. To summarise, stevia production is possible in Hungary, but it is important to pay attention to the balanced soil moisture and low humidity in the leaf area. It is suggested to cover the soil with plastic sheet or organic materials, such as bark and chippings.

scholarly journals Effect of potassium fertilizer treatment on growth parameters of some archaeophyte taxa

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
Károly Ecseri ◽  
Péter Honfi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Papaver Rhoeas ◽  
Examination Method ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Positive Effect

The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of fertilization on segetal vegetation, and determine the level of potassium sensitivity in case of three wildflower species. The investigated model species were: Cyanus segetum Hill. (cornflower), Consolida orientalis GRAY. (larkspur) and Papaver rhoeas L. (poppy). The fertilizer (potassium chloride 60 %) was applied on the 14th of October 2016 (at the same time with sowing). Each plot received 9.375 g, 18.75 g, 37.5 g and 75 g, which is equivalent of 25, 50, 100, 200 kg/ha potassium active ingredient. One plot was 1.5 × 1.5 m. During the trial we did not applied any form of agro- or phytotechnical method, the plants were extensively maintained. The examination method based on horizontal and vertical plant parameters, on phenological stages comparison. The spring development (growth of rosette) began at 800°C in the case of Cyanus segetum and Papaver rhoeas, while the overwintered seedlings of Consolida orientalis developed after a heat sum of 900-1100°C. Due to autumn sowing, the vegetation period started in 2017 10-14 days earlier than in the 2016 experiment, when the sowing date was in February.  Nutrient application increased the height of plant, but did not affect the width and length of the plants. The positive effect were detectable in all treatments (Papaver rhoeas); or just 100 kg / ha treatment (Cyanus segetum and Consolida orientalis). Treatment accelerated the growth of Consolida orientalis plants. Positive effect of treatment was observed in terms of germination percentages and overwintering of poppy plants.  

scholarly journals In vitro rooting of Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora ‘Lucifer’

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Marcelina Krupa-Małkiewicz ◽  
Piotr Żurawik
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
Affected Plant ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Initial Research

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the effect of various auxins and their concentrations on Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora ‘Lucifer’ rooting in in vitro cultures and in vivo conditions. The initial research materials were shoots obtained from a stabilized in vitro culture. MS media were supplemented with the following auxins: IAA, IBA and NAA at concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 mg dm-3. The results of the study showed that hormone applications had a positive effect on the root development of Crocosmia microshoots. 100% rooted shoots were observed in each of the applied combinations of the experiment. The highest number of roots and the longest roots were formed in the presence of IBA at a concentration of 1.0 mg dm-3. IAA, IBA and NAA affected plant height and root morphology of Crocosmia differently. The addition of higher concentrations of auxins to the medium (2.0 and 5.0 mg dm-3) resulted in the formation of short roots. The applied IBA concentrations determined the percentage of the plants that were adapted to in vivo conditions, as well as their vegetative features and the yield of descendant tubers. At the end of the vegetation period, higher IBA concentrations, i.e., 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 mg dm-3, caused a decrease of up to 50-75% in the obtained plants and also inhibited plant height, as well as the weight and diameter of the tubers formed, compared to the control.

scholarly journals The influence of biodegradable mulches on the yielding of autumn raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Król-Dyrek ◽  
Piotr Siwek
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
High Tunnel ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Extract Content ◽  
Raised Bed ◽  
Set Up

Abstract A three-year experiment was set up to assess the effect of three mulch types on the growth and yield of ‘Polka’ autumn fruiting raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.). The experimental arrangement comprised four combinations of two parallel blocks, one of which was a field crop and the second was a covered crop in the form of a high tunnel with raised beds sides. The crop was grown on raised beds (approximately 30 cm high) covered with a mulch made of: 1) polypropylene non-woven (PP); 2) PP with a photodegradant; 3) polylactide nonwoven (PLA). A crop on a raised bed without any mulch was the control. Biometric, physiological and yield parameters were assessed and included the number of canes, plant height, chlorophyll content in the leaves, fruit yield, weight of 20 fruits and the extract content. The obtained results show that the height of the canes grown on PLA and PP mulch was significantly higher than for the PP with photodegradant. Cultivation on PP, PLA and PP with photodegradant mulch resulted in a significant increase in the weight of 20 raspberry fruits and higher chlorophyll content in the leaves compared to the control combination.

scholarly journals Behҫet’s Disease, and the Role of TNF-α and TNF-α Blockers

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3072
Author(s):  
Tim van der Houwen ◽  
Jan van Laar
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
Th22 Cells ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Auto Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Positive Effect

In this both narrative and systematic review, we explore the role of TNF-α in the immunopathogenesis of Behçet’s disease (BD) and the effect of treatment with TNF-α blockers. BD is an auto-inflammatory disease, characterized by recurrent painful oral ulcerations. The pathogenesis of BD is not yet elucidated; it is assumed that TNF-α may play a key role. In the narrative review, we report an increased production of TNF-α, which may be stimulated via TLR-signaling, or triggered by increased levels of IL-1β and IFN-γ. The abundance of TNF-α is found in both serum and in sites of inflammation. This increased presence of TNF-α stimulates T-cell development toward pro-inflammatory subsets, such as Th17 and Th22 cells. Treatment directed against the surplus of TNF-α is investigated in the systematic review, performed according to the PRISMA guideline. We searched the Pubmed and Cochrane database, including comparative studies only. After including 11 studies, we report a beneficial effect of treatment with TNF-α blockers on the various manifestations of BD. In conclusion, the pivotal role of TNF-α in the immunopathogenesis of BD is reflected in both the evidence of their pro-inflammatory effects in BD and in the evidence of the positive effect of treatment on the course of disease in BD.

scholarly journals Effect of Fertilization with Urea and Inhibitors on Growth, Yield and CBD Concentration of Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2157
Author(s):  
Ioanna Kakabouki ◽  
Angeliki Kousta ◽  
Antigolena Folina ◽  
Stella Karydogianni ◽  
Charikleia Zisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitor ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Urease Inhibitor ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Urea Fertilization

Field experiments were conducted during 2019 in two different locations in Greece (Athens and Farsala) to evaluate the effect of urea and urea fertilization with inhibitors on the agronomic yield and quality characteristics of two cannabis varieties (Cannabis sativa L.), “Uso31”and “Fedora 17”. The experimental design was split-plot with four different fertilization treatments—control, Urea (U), urea with Urease Inhibitor (UI), and urea with Nitrification Inhibitor (NI) and urease inhibitor (UI). The significance of differences between treatments was estimated by using Tukey’s test with a significance level of p = 0.05. The plant height was significantly affected by the different fertilizations and different varieties as well as by the two locations. The maximum plant height was 197 cm for “Fedora 17”in Farsala. The seed yield was higher forthe urea with inhibitors treatment in both varieties. The Cannabidiol (CBD) content was significantly affected by the fertilization—it was higher in urea with inhibitors in “Uso31”and “Fedora 17” treatments. The lowest CBD content value was 1.29% (control) and the highest was 1.69% (urea NI + UI). In conclusion, in both varieties, it seems that urea with inhibitors has a positive effect on their growth, as well as on the increase in cannabidiol (CBD) content.

scholarly journals Blue Light added with Red LEDs Enhance Growth Characteristics, Pigments Content, and Antioxidant Capacity in Lettuce, Spinach, Kale, Basil, and Sweet Pepper in a Controlled Environment

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Most Naznin ◽  
Mark Lefsrud ◽  
Valerie Gravel ◽  
Md Azad
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Light Treatment ◽  
Pigment Content ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study was to investigate the different combinations of red (R) and blue (B) light emitting diode (LEDs’) lighting effects on growth, pigment content, and antioxidant capacity in lettuce, spinach, kale, basil, and pepper in a growth chamber. The growth chamber was equipped with R and B light percentages based on total light intensity: 83% R + 17% B; 91% R + 9% B; 95% R + 5% B; and control was 100% R. The photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), photoperiod, temperature, and relative humidity of the growth chamber were maintained at 200 ± 5 μmol m−2 s−1, 16 h, 25/21 ± 2.5 °C, and 65 ± 5%, respectively. It is observed that the plant height of lettuce, kale, and pepper was significantly increased under 100% R light, whereas the plant height of spinach and basil did not show any significant difference. The total leaf number of basil and pepper was significantly increased under the treatment of 95% R + 5% B light, while no significant difference was observed for other plant species in the same treatment. Overall, the fresh and dry mass of the studied plants was increased under 91% R + 9% B and 95% R + 5% B light treatment. The significantly higher flower and fruit numbers of pepper were observed under the 95% R + 5% B treatment. The chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll content of lettuce, spinach, basil, and pepper was significantly increased under the 91% R + 9% B treatment while the chlorophyll content of kale was increased under the 95% R + 5% B light treatment. The total carotenoid content of lettuce and spinach was higher in the 91% R + 9% B treatment whereas the carotenoid content of kale, basil, and pepper was increased under the 83% R + 17% B treatment. The antioxidant capacity of the lettuce, spinach, and kale was increased under the 83% R + 17% B treatment while basil and pepper were increased under the 91% R + 9% B treatment. This result indicates that the addition of B light is essential with R light to enhance growth, pigment content, and antioxidant capacity of the vegetable plant in a controlled environment. Moreover, the percentage of B with R light is plant species dependent.

The joint use of enzyme drugs and lecithin in the rearing of broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
B. S. Kaloev ◽  
M. O. Ibragimov ◽  
M. M. Shagaipov
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Production Experiment ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group

The reliability of the results obtained in scientific and economic experiments on the study of the effectiveness of the use of various feed components, including biologically active substances in the rearing of broilers needs to be confi rmed in production conditions. The purpose of the research was to study the joint use of enzyme drugs and lecithin in the rearing of broiler chickens. The results of production experiment on the study of the effectiveness of the joint inclusion of enzyme drugs Sunzyme and Sunfyse 5000 as well as lecithin in the diet of broiler chickens of the cross Ross-308 have been presented in the article. Production tests have been carried out under the conditions of the breeding farm “Achkhoy– Martanovsky” in the Chechen Republic. The duration of the experiment was 45 days. For research on the principle of analog groups two groups have been formed: a control group and an experimental group of 1000 heads in each. The broilers of the control group have been fed compound feed prepared in accordance with the growing period and consisting mainly of grain components of local production. The broilers of the experimental group have been fed the same compound feed, but with the addition of two enzyme drugs Sanzyme and Sanfyse 5000 (100 g/t of feed) as well as lecithin (10 g/kg of feed). The results of the production experiment fully confi rmed the data obtained in the scientific and economic experiment. The positive effect of the joint use of the studied enzyme drugs and lecithin has been manifested in all the studied productive traits. In particular, the increase in live weight of broilers increased by 12,1 %, slaughter yield by 3,5 %, the yield of carcasses of the 1st category by 3,0 %. The main economic indicators also found their confirmation: feed consumption per unit of growth decreased by 11,7 %, additional profit was received in the amount of 27308,2 rubles, the level of profitability of broiler rearing increased by 18,4 %.

Estimation of oil flax intra-species hybrids by breeding-genetic parameters for the creation of material with altered habitus

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-32
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Breeding Material ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Lateral Shoots ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Number Of Stems

The creation of a selection material for oil flax with a large number of stems, side shoots and an optimal height for cultivation is an urgent task, since the formation of additional bolls on the side shoots will increase the yield of seeds, and an increase in the vegetative mass of plants will increase its competitiveness against weeds and reduce moisture evaporation. from the soil surface. The use of genetic and statistical parameters allows to efficiently plan and carry out breeding work for oil flax, purposefully select parental pairs in crosses, select valuable genotypes, and reject low-value material at the first stages of breeding. The purpose of this study is to identify promising interspecific hybrid combinations based on breeding and genetic parameters for creating a new breeding material for multi-stem and multi-shoot forms. The studies were carried out at the Institute of Oilseeds NAАS of Ukraine in 2018-2020. The material of the research was F1 and F2 hybrids obtained in a system of dialle crosses with the participation of two wild species (L. angustifolium and L. hispanicum) and three samples of cultivated flax – L 6 (India), M 32/2 (Ukraine), L 5 (Czech Republic). The degree of dominance of traits in hybrids of the first generation was determined by the formula (Beil, Atkins 1965). The degree of heterosis is according to the formula (Rasul et al 2002). The coefficient of heritability in hybrids of the second generation – according to the formula (Ayala 1984). As a result of the research, interspecific hybrid combinations have been identified that are promising for obtaining breeding material with a modified habit: – with the effect of heterosis: by plant height – seven combinations of F1 (Ht = 3,58-13,76%); the number of stems per plant – one (Ht = 35,77%); the number of side shoots is six (Ht = 5,68-43,79%). The most valuable are combinations in which the effect of heterosis manifested itself simultaneously on two grounds – the height of the plants and the number of lateral shoots on the plant – L. angustifolium / L 6, L 5 / L. angustifolium, L. hispanicum / L 6, L 6 / L. hispanicum; plant height and number of stems per plant – M 32/2 / L. hispanicum; – with high coefficients of heritability: by plant height – four combinations of F2 (H = 0,67-0,87); the number of stems per plant – six (H = 0,66-0,81); the number of side shoots is four (H = 0,66-0,72). Interspecific combinations of L. hispanicum / M 32/2 and M 32/2 / L. hispanicum were distinguished by high rates of heritability by two characteristics – the number of stems and the number of lateral shoots on the plant. The potential of the selected combinations will be used in the further breeding process for increased branching.

scholarly journals Localized basal area affects soil respiration temperature sensitivity in a coastal deciduous forest

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 771-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie C. Pennington ◽  
Nate G. McDowell ◽  
J. Patrick Megonigal ◽  
James C. Stegen ◽  
Ben Bond-Lamberty
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Temperature Sensitivity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract. Soil respiration (Rs), the flow of CO2 from the soil surface to the atmosphere, is one of the largest carbon fluxes in the terrestrial biosphere. The spatial variability of Rs is both large and poorly understood, limiting our ability to robustly scale it in space. One factor in Rs spatial variability is the autotrophic contribution from plant roots, but it is uncertain how the presence of plants affects the magnitude and temperature sensitivity of Rs. This study used 1 year of Rs measurements to examine the effect of localized basal area on Rs in the growing and dormant seasons, as well as during moisture-limited times, in a temperate, coastal, deciduous forest in eastern Maryland, USA. In a linear mixed-effects model, tree basal area within a 5 m radius (BA5) exerted a significant positive effect on the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration. Soil moisture was the dominant control on Rs during the dry portions of the year, while soil moisture, temperature, and BA5 all exerted significant effects on Rs in wetter periods. Our results suggest that autotrophic respiration is more sensitive to temperature than heterotrophic respiration at these sites, although we did not measure these source fluxes directly, and that soil respiration is highly moisture sensitive, even in a record-rainfall year. The Rs flux magnitudes (0.46–15.0 µmol m−2 s−1) and variability (coefficient of variability 10 %–23 % across plots) observed in this study were comparable to values observed in similar forests. Six Rs observations would be required in order to estimate the mean across all study sites to within 50 %, and 518 would be required in order to estimate it to within 5 %, with 95 % confidence. A better understanding of the spatial interactions between plants and microbes, as well as the strength and speed of above- and belowground coupling, is necessary to link these processes with large-scale soil-to-atmosphere C fluxes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document