scholarly journals [The Law of Out-Of-Marriage Children to Become Prayer Priests] Hukum Anak Luar Nikah Menjadi Imam Solat

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Zulkifli Mohd ◽  
Engku Muhammad Tajuddin Engku Ali ◽  
Jamalluddin Hashim ◽  
Asiah Bidin
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
International Level ◽  
Biological Father ◽  
Consensus Opinion ◽  
Illegitimate Child ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Law ◽  
Keywords Child

The position and status of illegitimate children have often become a discussion in society, including associating the legality of their acts, especially in the matter of worship. This article aims to explain the Islamic views on the status of an illegitimate child and the legality of congregational prayer led by them. Some writings and fatwas issued by authorities at the national and international level were analyzed. The results showed that an illegitimate child must be respected and treated as an independent human being. However, his status cannot be attributed to his biological father. The jurists also have consensus opinion that an illegitimate child can become an imam in a prayer if all the conditions and criteria have been met and if there is no other person who is eligible to lead the prayer. However, they have different views in situations where there is an illegitimate child with the other persons who is eligible to become an imam. Based on a comparative analysis on the jurists’ arguments, it is concluded that the opinion to allow the illegitimate child to become an imam is stronger and more suitable to be followed in the current society. Keywords: Child Out of Wedlock, Illegitimate Child, Imam, Congregational Prayer, Biological Father   Kedudukan dan status anak luar nikah sering menjadi perbincangan dalam masyarakat termasuk mengaitkan kesahan tindakan mereka khususnya dalam perkara ibadat. Artikel ini bertujuan menghuraikan pandangan Islam terhadap status anak luar nikah dan hukum anak luar nikah menjadi imam solat berjemaah. Beberapa penulisan serta fatwa-fatwa yang dikeluarkan oleh pihak berkuasa fatwa di peringkat kebangsaan dan antarabangsa dirujuk dan dianalisis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan anak luar nikah tidak sah tarafnya dan tidak boleh dibinkan kepada bapa biologinya. Meskipun begitu, status mereka sebagai seorang manusia yang merdeka perlu dihormati dan dilayan sebagaimana manusia biasa. Para fuqaha juga telah sepakat mengharuskan anak luar nikah menjadi imam dalam sembahyang jika syarat dan kriteria seorang imam dapat dipenuhi serta sekiranya tiada orang lain yang sah tarafnya yang layak dan boleh menjadi imam. Jika ada bersama anak luar nikah tersebut orang lain yang sah tarafnya yang layak dan boleh menjadi imam, para fuqaha telah berbeza pendapat mengenai keharusan anak luar nikah menjadi imam. Hasil daripada perbandingan antara pendapat-pendapat fuqaha terdahulu, pendapat yang mengharuskannya lebih kuat dan lebih sesuai untuk diterima pakai dalam suasana semasa dan realiti masyarakat pada hari ini. Kata kunci: Anak Luar Nikah, Anak Tidak Sah Taraf, Imam, Solat berjemaah, Bapa Biologi  

scholarly journals Status dan Hak Anak Tak Sah Islam dalam Undang-Undang di Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zanariah Noor
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Family Law ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Birth Certificate ◽  
Biological Father ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Illegitimate Child ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
The Status ◽  
Islamic Family Law

Illegitimate child refers to a child conceived during sexual intercourse outside of wedlock. The jurists have different views regarding the gestation period of pregnancy that affects the legitimacy status of the child. The objective of this article is to analyze the different views of the jurists regarding the status as well as rights of the illegitimate child in Islam and current religious ruling implemented in Malaysia. This article also analyzes the rights of the illegitimate child towards a personal identity that involved lineage that effects on how his/her name and surname will be stated on birth certificate according to the Islamic and civil law in Malaysia. Issues on custody, maintenance, marriage guardianship of the illegitimate child and his/her relation with biological father that married to his / her mother will also be discussed according to the opinions of the jurists as well as Islamic family law in Malaysia. This study utilized content analysis method on discussions put forward by the jurists in authoritative jurisprudence books as well as contemporary jurisprudence books and law provisions that are provided in Islamic and civil law implemented in Malaysia to date. The findings show that Islamic family law protects rights of the illegitimate child in terms of self-identity (lineage), custody, maintenance and marriage guardianship. However, the issue regarding the surname of the illegitimate child was raised in Civil Court, arguing that he/she should be allowed to be named to his/her biological father who had married the mother. This issue needs to be scrutinized. The amendment should be carried out so that matters related to the Muslims' personal laws are implemented according to the Islamic law.

Comparing the incomparable and legal discourse

Semiotica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (209) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Augusto Ponzio
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Emmanuel Levinas ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Legal Discourse ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Human Being ◽  
The Law

AbstractIt is not with the State that personal responsibility arises towards the other. According to Emmanuel Levinas, the other is every single human being I am responsible for, and I am this responsibility for him. The other, my fellow, is the first comer. But I do not live in a world with just one single “first comer”; there is always another other, a third, who is also my other, my fellow. Otherness, beginning with this third, is a plurality. Proximity as responsibility is a plurality. There is a need for justice. There is the obligation to compare unique and incomparable others. This is what is hidden, unsaid, implied in legal discourse. But recourse to comparison among that which cannot be compared, among that which is incomparable is justified by love of justice for the other. It is this justification that confers a sense to law, which is always dura lex, and to the statement that citizens are equal before the law. From this point of view, State justice is always imperfect with respect to human rights understood as the rights of the other, of every other in his absolute difference, in his incomparable otherness.

scholarly journals El Banco Asiático de Inversión en Infraestructura apuntando al camino del medio: uniéndose a las filas de los Bancos Multilaterales de Desarrollo, pero con características chinas

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-120
Author(s):  
Dr. Andres Borquez ◽  
Dr. Faran Shoaib
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
International Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
Development Banks ◽  
High Standards ◽  
The One ◽  
Regional Development Banks ◽  
Allowed State

En junio del 2016 fue aprobado el primer proyecto del Banco Asiático de Inversión en Infraestructura y una de las preocupaciones de los expertos es que esta nueva institución puede ser flexible con respecto a las condiciones de los préstamos y salvaguardas, argumentando que los creadores de este banco carecen de experiencia suficiente para mantener altos estándares establecidos por los otros bancos multilaterales. En contraste, otros especialistas destacan que la participación de China en el financiamiento a nivel internacional no es nada nuevo. Durante la última década, China ha permitido que los bancos de desarrollo estatales otorguen créditos no concesionales. Este artículo analiza ambos enfoques y los contrasta con un análisis comparativo del diseño de los bancos de desarrollo regionales y el nuevo banco multilateral liderado por China. Además, analiza la orientación de las políticas de crédito y salvaguardas de los 21 primeros proyectos aprobados por AIIB hasta el 2017. El nuevo banco esta apuntando al camino del medio: por un lado, uniéndose a las filas de los principales bancos multilaterales, pero al mismo tiempo, tratando de ser una institución con una visión sur a sur: ágil, respetando las políticas internas de cada país y enfocada en el nicho de los proyectos de infraestructura.    In June 2016 the first project of the AIIB was approved and some experts' concern is if this new institution can be flexible with respect to the conditions of the loans and safeguards, arguing that the creators of this bank lack enough experience to maintain high standards established by the other multilateral banks. In contrast, other specialists point out that China's participation in financing at an international level is nothing new. Over the past decade, China has allowed state development banks to grant non-concessional loans. This article analyzes both approaches and contrasts them with a comparative analysis of the design of the regional development banks and the new multilateral bank led by China. In addition, it analyzes the orientation of the credit policies and safeguards of the first 21 projects approved by AIIB until 2017. The new bank is treading the middle path: on the one hand, joining the ranks of the main multilateral banks, but at the same time, trying to be an institution with a south-south vision: agile, respecting the internal policies of each country and focused on the niche of infrastructure projects.

scholarly journals KEPASTIAN HUKUM TERHADAP PENGASUHAN ANAK MUMAYIZ PASCA PERCERAIAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Mansari Mansari ◽  
Reza Maulana
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Court Decision ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Law ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Banda Aceh

ABSTRAKAnak yang telah mumayiz diberikan kebebasan memilih tinggal bersama ibu atau ayahnya. Kesempatan untuk memilih harus dinyatakan secara eksplisit dalam putusan untuk menghindari konflik di kemudian hari antara kedua orang tuanya. Berbeda dalam Putusan Nomor 175/PDT.G/2011/MS-BNA yang tidak langsung menetapkan anak yang telah mumayiz diasuh oleh ibu atau ayahnya. Hal ini dikhawatirkan akan menimbulkan persoalan hukum di kemudian hari demi memperebutkan anak tersebut. Permasalahannya adalah bagaimana aspek kepastian hukum terhadap pemeliharaan anak mumayiz dalam Putusan Nomor 175/PDT.G/2011/MS-BNA, dan bagaimana perlindungan hukum bagi anak mumayiz yang belum menentukan pilihannya? Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian empiris dan datanya diperoleh melalui wawancara hakim dan putusan Mahkamah Syar’iyah Banda Aceh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Putusan Nomor 175/PDT.G/2011/MS-BNA tidak mencerminkan kepastian hukum bagi anak yang telah mumayiz. Hal ini dikarenakan anak yang berumur 14 dan 18 tahun tidak jelas berada di bawah pengasuhan ibu atau ayahnya. Perlindungan hukum bagi anak mumayiz yang belum menentukan sikap/pilihan menjadi kewajiban bersama kedua orang tua untuk mengasuh dan memeliharanya. Jika anak sudah menentukan pilihan dan memilih ibu sebagai pengasuhnya, maka ia wajib memelihara dan mengasuhnya hingga dewasa dan ayah berkewajiban memberikan nafkah kepadanya. Sebaliknya, jika ayah menjadi pilihannya, kewajiban mengasuh, merawat, dan menafkahi menjadi kewajibannya.Kata kunci: kepastian hukum, pengasuhan, perceraian, anak mumayiz. ABSTRACTA Minor who has been mumayiz is given freedom to choose to live either with the mother or father. The decision should be explicitly stated in court decision to avoid future conflicts between the parents. In contrast, Court Decision Number 175/PDT.G/2011/MS-BNA did not in a straight line determine the status of a minor who has been mumayiz to be raised by either the mother or father. This could lead to legal dispute of fighting over the minor in the future. The question is how the legal certainty in the custody of minors with mumayyiz status in Court Decision Number 175/PDT.G/2011/MS-BNA and how the law provide protection for them who have not made their choice yet? This study is done by empirical research and the data collected through interviews of judges and the ruling of Syar’iyah Court of Banda Aceh. The results show that the Court Decision Number 175/ PDT.G/2011/MS-BNA does not reflect legal certainty for the minors with the status of mumayiz. This is because the law does not set off that minors aged of 14 and 18 are in care of their mother or father. While the law has set for minors who have not mumayiz because of the existence of parenting to the mother has been confirmed in the verdict. Legal protection for undecided custody of mumayiz minors will be obliged to their both parents to nurture and raise. If the child has made a choice and chooses the mother as the caregiver, then she is obliged to care and nurture the child to adulthood, and the father is obliged to provide a livelihood for the child. On the other hand, if the father becomes the child’s choice, the obligation to care, nurture, and provide a livelihood becomes his duty.Keywords: legal certainty, custody, divorce, mumayiz minors.

scholarly journals All in the Family

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 122-126
Author(s):  
Allen McDuffee
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Assistant Professor ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
State University ◽  
The Family ◽  
Georgia State University ◽  
The Status

Despite the instability usually attributed to the Middle East, today one finds anunusual level of stability in eight of its monarchies. When mosl countries of theworld are converting to some form of "democracy," what has led this type ofstate system to such stability? In his book, All in the Family, Michael Herb,Assistant Professor of Political Science at Georgia State University, providesthe most thought-provoking work on Middle Eastern monarchies since rentierstate theory became fashionable. Herb determines that "there are two distinctforms of monarchism in the Middle East. One is resilient and the other is not''(p. 235). His basic thesis is that the key to the survival, persistence, andresilience of monarchies in the Middle East is the willingness and ability of theruling families to saturate the most important positions in the state apparatus.He terms this "dynastic monarchism"-the idea that "the ruling family formsitself into a ruling institution, monopolizing the key offices of the state" (p.235). In the unsuccessful type of monarchy, the king "maneuvers among variousforces-the army, the parliament, and the parties-and when he loses balancethe monarchy falls" (p. 235). Case studies are used to illustrate bothmonarchical models: dynastic (Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, United ArabEmirates, Bahrain, and Oman) and nondynastic (Libya, Egypt, Iraq, Iran.Morocco, Jordan, and Afghanistan - usually excluded from studies on theMiddle East). This book relies on comparative analysis and is based not onlyon archival research, but also on interviews and secondary sources.In the second and third chapters, "The Emergence of Dynastic Monarchy andthe Causes of Its Persistence" and "Arabian Society and the Emergence of thePetro-State," respectively, the reader gets a sense of the rise of the petro-stateand how it enabled dynastic monarchies to emerge. He asserts that theyemerged because the ruler's relatives "had powerful bargaining resourceswhich they could use to help rulers stay in power, to aid aspiring rulers inachieving power, or to attack and depose sitting rulers" (p. 22). Tims, the emergenceof the petro-state added another dimension in intrafamily negotiations.Dynasties consolidate power by limiting the status of any individual or clique.Coalitions are built by the rulers through distribution of government positionsto relatives as a means of assuring their cooperation. Dynasties are strengthenedby forming consensus on the issue of succession rather than depending onprimogeniture. As a result, a ruler is held accountable to his family who ...

ANALISIS KEDUDUKAN HUKUM PANITIA TENDER DALAM KASUS PERSEKONGKOLAN TENDER DI INDONESIA BERDASARKAN UNDANG- UNDANG NOMOR 5 TAHUN 1999 TENTANG LARANGAN PRAKTIK MONOPOLI DAN PERSAINGAN USAHA TIDAK SEHAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Andryan Dwi Prabawa ◽  
Hernawan Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Data Collecting ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Law ◽  
Bid Rigging

<p>Abstract<br />This study aims to determine about status tender committe and law enforcement on the tender committe in the case of bid rigging in Indonesia. The research methods is normative descriptive law with the legislation (statue approach) to the regulations relating to The Article 22 of The Act Anti Monopoly and Unfair Business Competition.The kind of data which was used was secondary data which was obtained by using literature review data collecting technique, the next was analyzed by doing law interpretation systematically . The results of the study,  the status tender committe in bid rigging cases in Indonesia according to the elements of The Article 22 of The Act Anti Monopoly and Unfair Business Competition is categorized as the other parties elements vertically. Law enforcement on the tender committee can not be implemented by KPPU because the limited authority of KPPU in enforcing the law against the tender committee.</p><p>Keyword: Business Competition; Bid Rigging; Tender Committee</p><p>Abstrak<br />Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang kedudukan hukum panitia tender dan penegakan hukum terhadap panitia tender dalam kasus persekongkolan tender di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan terhadap peraturan yang berkaitan dengan Pasal 22 Undang-Undang Anti Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat. Jenis data yang digunakan berupa data sekunder yang diperoleh dengan teknik pengumpulan data berdasarkan studi kepustakaan yang selanjutnya dianalisis dengan melaksanakan penafsiran hukum secara sistematis. Adapun hasil kajian yaitu kedudukan hukum panitia tender dalam kasus persekongkolan tender di Indonesia menurut unsur yang terkandung dalam Pasal 22 Undang-Undang Anti  Monopoli  dan  Persaingan  Usaha Tidak  Sehat  dikategorikan  sebagai  unsur  pihak  lain secara vertikal. Penegakan hukum terhadap panitia tender tidak dapat dilaksanakan oleh KPPU karena terbatasnya kewenangan KPPU dalam penegakan hukum terhadap panitia tender.</p><p>Kata Kunci: Persaingan Usaha; Persekongkolan Tender; Panitia Tender</p>

Administrative Procedure and Judicial Review: A ‘Common Core’ Research

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-20
Author(s):  
Giacinto della Cananea ◽  
Mads Andenas
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
Public Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
International Level ◽  
Administrative Procedure ◽  
Long Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Choices ◽  
National Systems

This chapter begins by explaining why judicial review of administration is interesting terrain for a comparative analysis, also in the light of European and international principles. It is helpful to bear in mind that, for a long period of time, a strand of thought in public law has contested not just the usefulness, but even the possibility of a meaningful comparison between national systems of judicial review. It is important, however, to take cognisance of two fundamental dimensions of change: one is the increasing specialization of the courts that exercise control over administrative power and the other is the emergence of common principles at European and international level. The chapter then highlights the importance of procedural fairness and propriety, although the legal relevance and significance of these principles will differ depending upon the history of any society and its political choices. It also addresses some methodological issues, including the nature of the 'factual analysis' and the choice of legal systems.

scholarly journals THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF GUY DE MAUPASSANT’S TWO FRIENDS AND ARTURO ARIAS’ TOWARD PATZUN

Lire Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Kristiawan Indriyanto
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Cultural Background ◽  
The Other ◽  
Thematic Structure ◽  
Privileged Status ◽  
Arturo Arias ◽  
The Status ◽  
Guatemalan Civil War

This paper compares and contrasts two short stories, Guy De Maupassant’s Two Friends and Arturo Arias’ Toward Patzun. Both stories have the same thematic structure as the harshness and brutality during wartime situation is a similar concern to the aforementioned writers. Although both writers foreground the savagery of war, the different cultural background, nationality, literary tradition cause differences in the way both writer narrate their short stories. While De Maupassant depicts the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871), Arias squares his narration in the Guatemalan civil war (1960-1996). The differences of canonical status between De Maupassant and Arias is also scrutinized in this paper. While De Maupassant is a household name in Western literary tradition, the popularity of Arias remains obscure. This paper argues that the differences in canonization is linked also with the status of Two Friends in the hypercanon, on the other hand Toward Patzun is located in the countercanon. It is hoped that this paper can contribute toward questioning the privileged status of Western literary works compared to the non-Western author.

scholarly journals Absurdism in Atirikta Yatra by K. S. Yatri and The American Dream by Edward Albee

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Tika Data Subedi
Keyword(s):  
American Dream ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Edward Albee ◽  
The Status

The purpose of this work is to study Edward Albee and K. S. Yatri’s approach regarding the status of respective societies of America and Nepal with absurd drama following their agenda. K. S. Yatri and Edward Albee seemed to be influenced by the absurdist mode of drama which concerns much about the modern existence of social human beings. Albee follows absurdist traces in the dramatization of uncertainty, alienation and the question of freedom in The American Dream. His characters do not have fixed identities, and they suffer from their individual problems. The notion of the characters and their activities too are uncertain. In the same way, the ambiguity of existence, whether the characters really are or not, is a problem for the characters in Atirikta Yatra. The characters are based on illusions, and the line between the reality and fantasy is missing. Alienation of the human being from the self and the other is existential theme that K. S. Yatri deals with in Atirikta Yatra. Alienation in the play is caused by the lack of communication, and as a result, the isolated self is entrapped in Yatri’s characters due to their own condition. Freedom becomes a confusing question in his works as it makes the characters anxious while choosing one option among various others on their own, and it renders the characters responsible for their free choices. Though, two texts belong to divergent space however both show how absurdism has affected individuals and society everywhere at present.

scholarly journals ADULTERY CHILD STATUS IN ISLAMIC LAW AND IN THE CIVIL CODE

Hukum Islam ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
HARI SUTRA DISEMADI
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Biological Father ◽  
Marital Relations ◽  
Illegitimate Child ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Cost

Problems regarding the status of children born outside of legal marital relations are still interesting discussions. In the community the status of children is often questioned, because not a few children are born without marriage. So from this this study will focus on the status of illegitimate children in Islamic law and in the Civil Code. The research method used is a normative juridical research method based on secondary data, namely primary legal material, secondary legal material and tertiary legal material. This research shows that in Islamic law and Civil Code the legitimate denial of children can result in the breakup of marriage making the child an illegitimate child and not having an inheritance relationship with his parents, but his mother according to Islamic law. If the child of adultery is associated with obligations and responsibilities regarding survival, then the parents or fathers are still charged with the obligation to provide a living. As the cost of living and the cost of their education as needed or according to their abilities, because he is the biological father of the child. If the status of the adultery child is associated with inheritance according to BW, then he does not inherit at all to the two tunya people. but if it is associated with Islamic inheritance, then he inherits only his mother and his mother's family.

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