scholarly journals Study of the nutritional value, chemical and biological safety of feeds obtained from agricultural and industrial waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Oksana V. Shlyamina ◽  
◽  
Albina A. Samatova ◽  
Yulia G. Ataeva ◽  
Zilya D. Murtazina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Protein Mass ◽  
Beet Molasses ◽  
Feed Value

Waste from agricultural and industrial production is one of the factors of environmental pollution. Together with this, they are a valuable raw material and can be used, for example, for the manufacture of additional animal feed. The article provides information on the rational use of valuable agricultural and industrial waste as additives in the rations of feeding farm animals and poultry. The health of farm animals and poultry, their productivity depends on the quality and balance of feed. An unbalanced diet leads to metabolic disorders. The data on the chemical composition of molasses, cake and meal, which are used in animal husbandry and poultry farming, as an additional feed with a high protein content, are given. Molasses, which is a by-product of sugar beet production, contains easily digestible carbohydrates, and its use in animal husbandry as an additional feed solves the problem of sugar deficiency. The Testing Center (IC) of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "FSBSI «FCTRBS-RRVI" conducted research on sunflower cake, rapeseed and sunflower meal in terms of feed value (mass fraction of moisture, mass fraction of crude protein, mass fraction of crude fiber, mass fraction of crude fat). The results of the study of beet molasses samples are presented in terms of quality indicators: mass fraction of dry substances, mass fraction of sugar (by direct polarization), and mass fraction of reducing sugars. The studies carried out indicate that 95% of cake, meal and beet molasses obtained from agricultural and industrial waste, in terms of feed value, meet the requirements of the current regulatory documentation.

Anaerobic treatment of residual lemon pulp in digesters with semi-continuous feed

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 514-520
Author(s):  
A. R. Navarro ◽  
Z. Lopez ◽  
J. Salguero ◽  
M. C. Maldonado
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Comparative Tests ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
The North ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Continuous Feed

Lemon growing areas in the north of Argentina have industries that produce concentrated juice, peel and essential oil and generate a significant amount of liquid and solid waste as lemon pulp. In Argentina, despite the potential applications that the pulp has as animal feed and human and industrial raw material, only 10% is used for these purposes and the rest is discarded into the environment causing many ecological and economic problems. There is little information in the literature on biotechnologies for the treatment of this industrial waste. This paper shows that lemon pulp is a suitable substrate to be treated by anaerobic digestion. We obtained 86 and 92% reduction of chemical oxygen demand in a digester with a semi-continuous feed and retention time of 10 and 20 days respectively and a productivity of 0.406 g CH4/g VS h. Comparative tests showed that pre-digesting the pulp improved the process of digestion and increased biogas generation by 20%.

scholarly journals Urease activity in soy beans and their processing products as an indicator of the quality of heat treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 211 (08) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Mariya Suzdal'ceva ◽  
Nadezhda Dudkina ◽  
Pavel Busygin ◽  
A. Lysov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Experimental Sample ◽  
Mass Content ◽  
Processed Products

Abstract. Goal: on the basis of the veterinary and laboratory diagnostics department with a testing laboratory, surveillance studies of fodder of vegetable origin from different manufacturers were carried out for the following indicators: urease activity, mass content of soluble protein. An experiment on the activity of urease in full-fat soybean feed was also performed. To assess the quality of heat treatment of soybeans and products of its processing, to analyze the stability of the parameter of urease in fodder soybeans. Methods. These studies were performed in accordance with GOST 13979.9-69; GOST 13979.3-68. Results. As a result of statistical processing, it was revealed that over the past five years, urease activity was above the maximum permissible value in 33 % of feed samples. In some samples of soybeans, this indicator was exceeded by 2.6 times, in the experimental sample of soybeans – by 5.8 times. It was also experimentally confirmed that this indicator is a stable parameter. Additionally, studies of the cumulative mass content of soluble proteins were conducted in these samples. It was found that in 13 % of soybean samples and its processed products, the result of soluble protein was in the range of 68.20–74.50 %, which indicates excessive heat treatment of this raw material. Based on the results of the research conducted, it was found that this feedstock did not always meet the stated requirements. In this regard, the conduct of these studies is necessary for further control of the technological process. Scientific novelty. Currently, the issue of the quality of fodder of vegetable origin and soybean-processed products remains relevant. Full-fat soybean, soybean extracted meal, soybean expeller meal are increasingly used for the preparation of animal feed for farm animals and poultry. In this regard, it became necessary to control the quality and safety of this feedstock.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Mesin Pencacah Pakan Ternak Serbaguna Sebagai Upaya Mengurangi Pengolahan Pakan Ternak Secara Konvensional

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Ihda Farikhatin Nisa ◽  
Achmad Aminudin ◽  
Yoga Akhdiat Fahrudi
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Powder Feed ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Cutting Knife ◽  
Soybean Cake

The provision of animal feed in the form of forages or soybeans made by goat farmers in general is still traditional. Drajat Village is one of the villages where the goat breeders still use conventional methods in processing their feed. The aspect needed in small to medium scale farms is the speed of feed production time in the form of powder feed that is ready for use. To fulfill this aspect, we made goat feed chopping machines in the implementation of this Community Service Program (PKM). The animal feed chopping machine is designed with various stages including observation, consultation, science and technology diffusion, training and socialization of the use of tools. The components that are made include the engine frame, cutting knife and trajectory of entering the raw material (soybean cake). Whereas for components purchased are pulleys, V-belts, drive motors, shafts, casings and bearing bearings. From these components the assembly and manufacturing process will be carried out using tool kit equipment. The aim of this program is to provide skills training to groups of goat farmers in processing feed sources by doing mechanical processing through modernization of livestock with multipurpose animal feed counting machines, reducing the level of difficulty in animal feed search especially in the dry season and providing insight into entrepreneurship in the field of animal husbandry utilize raw materials to do the grinding process and then can be marketed to farmers in various regions. The results of this program are the achievement of a group of goat farmers who are able to produce or process animal feed independently in powder form. When animal feed ingredients are abundant, they make powder feed and store it as food self-sufficiency during the dry season.ABSTRAK Pemberian pakan ternak berupa hijauan ataupun onggok kedelai yang dilakukan oleh peternak kambing pada umumnya masih bersifat tradisional. Desa Drajat adalah salah satu  desa dimana para peternak kambingnya masih  menggunakan cara konvensional dalam pengolahan pakannya. Aspek yang dibutuhkan dalam peternakan skala kecil hingga menengah adalah kecepatan waktu produksi pakan dalam bentuk pakan serbuk yang siap digunakan. Untuk memenuhi aspek tersebut, kami membuat mesin pencacah pakan ternak kambing dalam pelaksanaan program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini. Mesin pencacah pakan ternak dirancang dengan berbagai tahapan meliputi observasi, konsultasi, difusi iptek, pelatihan dan sosialisasi penggunaan alat. Adapun komponen yang dibuat meliputi rangka mesin, pisau potong dan lintasan masuk bahan baku (onggok kedelai). Sedangkan untuk komponen yang dibeli yaitu pulley, V-belt, motor penggerak, poros, casing dan bantalan bearing. Dari komponen-komponen tersebut akan dilakukan proses perakitan dan pembuatan dengan menggunakan peralatan tool kit. Tujuan dari program ini adalah untuk memberikan pelatihan keterampilan kepada kelompok peternak kambing dalam mengolah sumber pakan dengan melakukan penggolahan secara mekanis melalui modernisasi peternakan dengan mesin pencacah pakan ternak serbaguna, mengurangi tingkat kesulitan dalam pencarian pakan ternak terutama dimusim kemarau serta memberikan wawasan berwirausaha dalam bidang peternakan dengan memanfaatkan bahan baku untuk dilakukan proses penggilingan dan selanjutnya bisa dipasarkan ke peternak di berbagai daerah. Hasil dari program ini yaitu tercapainya kelompok peternak kambing yang mampu memproduksi atau mengolah secara mandiri pakan ternak dalam bentuk serbuk. Pada saat bahan baku pakan ternak melimpah, mereka membuat pakan serbuk dan menyimpannya sebagai swasembada pangan pada saat musim kemarau tiba.Kata kunci : mesin pencacah; onggok kedelai; pakan ternak; kambing

scholarly journals Raw Material Resources for Extruding

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Marinchenko
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Production Waste ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Feed Resources ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
The Cost

Substantial research has been devoted to the problems of more rational feeding of animals, improving the quality and nutritional value of existing feeds with a general reduction in the cost of their production, as well as the search for new and alternative sources of feed and methods for their preparation. At the same time, the scientific community is faced with issues of finding the best ways to recycle agricultural and food production waste. Since agricultural producers and processors also face the problem of recycling a variety of waste, the practical implementation of research in these areas is one of the main tasks of the agricultural sector. This article examines the feasibility of organizing on-farm production of animal feed based on a mobile extruder plant that uses waste from the production and processing of crops, food and other industries. This would reduce feed costs, increase the efficiency of using internal feed resources and would utilize production waste. This approach would significantly reduce the cost of livestock products or could become a source of additional income. The data on the extrusion of a number of non-traditional sources of feed products, such as waste from leather production, grape processing, mushroom cultivation, etc., are provided. Keywords: agriculture, animal husbandry, feeding, alternative feed resources, production waste, extruding, efficiency

scholarly journals Technology of enzymatic-acid hydrolysis of bone raw material in production of gelatine

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-284
Author(s):  
R. A. Voroshilin
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Protein Mass ◽  
Pharmaceutical Production ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Bone gelatin is an important and irreplaceable item widely used in the food industry and pharmaceutical production; it is also widely used in tissue engineering and other spheres. Due to widespread use of gelatin it is necessary to search for new safe and effective technologies for bone gelatin production. This research represents the results of enzymatic-acid hydrolysis of raw material in the process of gelatin production. The article presents the results of hydrolysis analyzes, the results of the main quality parameters of the obtained gelatin samples; and the major technological scheme for gelatin production is proposed here. As result of developed technology of enzymatic-acid hydrolysis of bone raw material with the ratio of raw material mass to the volume of solvent (HCl 1M and pepsin with an enzymatic activity of 40 units) as 1:9, duration of exposure: 180 minutes (3 hours), at the stage of demineralization, liming and de-ashing, we obtained samples of gelatin at yield rate of 12.1% from the initial mass of raw materials, which is 6.9% higher in comparison with the lowest yield of gelatin according to the proposed schemes. It is shown that the samples have a high protein mass fraction 91.4%, and a low fat mass fraction 0.4%, the obtained results indicate the high technological qualities of the obtained gelatin sample, this is also confirmed by high strength of gel according to Bloom scale, which value varies within the range of 290 ± 0.7 units.

scholarly journals Development of complete compound feeds with rapeseed meal

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
E. E. Kurchaeva ◽  
T. N. Tertychnaya ◽  
A. A. Shevtsov ◽  
N. A. Serdyukova ◽  
N. Y. Sitnikov
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Probiotic Preparation ◽  
Processed Products ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
High Degree

The organization of scientifically justified feeding of farm animals with compound feed enriched with oilseed processed products as an energy component and a probiotic component contributing to the regulation of homeostasis processes becomes important in modern conditions of animal husbandry production. At the same time, a special role is given to the application of rapeseed products, meals in particular, in feed rations. Rapeseed meal contains protein, carbohydrates, fats, phospho-containing substances in a concentrated form, which expands the possibilities of the raw material base for the development of compound feed recipes that meet the requirements of complete nutrition for animals. The dosage of rapeseed meal (10%) introduction into the composition of compound feed for young rabbits based on the animals receiving nutrients in accordance with the existing feeding standards was substantiated in the work. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the obtained granulated feed was carried out on a clinically healthy livestock of rabbits in the amount of 60 heads, which were divided into 4 groups. The best indicators of meat productivity (slaughter yield 69.80%, meat index 4.40) were obtained with the introduction of the probiotic preparation "Probion - Forte" at a dosage of 0.5 g / kg of feed and rapeseed meal in an amount of 10% to the feed mass. The application of the developed complete granulated feed made it possible to achieve a high degree of the diet protein component concentration in the muscle tissue of experimental rabbits, which indicates a higher nutritional and biological value of the meat resources obtained.

scholarly journals USE OF CORN GRAIN IN PRODUCTION OF FOOD PRODUCTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. SOTS ◽  
O. V. BNYIAK
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Food Products ◽  
The United States ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
The World ◽  
Corn Grain

In Ukraine, the following basic crops are used as raw materials for the production of cereals, flour, flakes: wheat, barley, buckwheat, oats, corn, rice, millet, peas. The volume of world grain production in recent years has grown significantly. In Ukraine, corn is the main fodder crop, and only in small quantities is used as food. Corn takes the leading place among the main grain crops in the world agricultural production. The production of corn for grain is concentrated in warm regions. In some regions, corn is the basis of the traditional food of the population, but mostly it is part of the feed in the feeding of farm animals. Corn does not accumulate nitrates and is an environmentally friendly product. Corn is a plant of versatile use. Currently, corn is one of the most important food crop cultivated by man. As to the largest producers of this cereal are the United States, China, Mexico, India, Brazil, Argentina, Indonesia, South Africa, France and Italy. Today, about 3500 food and technological products are made from corn. Corn is able to largely meet the needs of animal husbandry, its share is almost 30% in the composition of concentrated feed. Corn is used in food, starch, brewing and alcohol industries. With the advent of new directions in the development of biotechnology in the world, the importance of this culture is growing even more. In the countries of the European Union in recent years, the production of various types of fuels from plant materials - biodiesel, bioethanol, biomethanol and biofuel is actively developing. Bioethanol is obtained from all cultures with a high content of starch and sugar, for example, potatoes, sugar beet, corn, various types of cereals, and therefore a significant expansion of the acreage under corn is projected. In the article volumes of corn grain collection in different years in Ukraine for the production of cereals and groats are considered. Various types of maize as a perspective raw material for use in the food industry are considered. It is shown that two subspecies of maize are most widespread in Ukraine - a dentate (large grain of elongated form) and siliceous (a rounded grain). The presence of vitamins B (B1, B2, PP), calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and iron, as well as trace elements (copper, nickel, etc.) in maize makes it possible to recommend corn products as a separate product or in combination with other people with blood diseases, allergies, diabetes mellitus, obesity and other forms of metabolic disorders and pathology of the gastrointestinal tract. The authors analyzed the chemical composition of corn grain of various botanical groups intended for the production of cereals and products from them. The composition of micro- and macronutrients of corn groats used in the production of food products (snacks, breakfast cereals, instant cereals, cereals, etc.) is given.

Problems of ensuring metrological traceability of measurement results of indicators of quality for food products and food raw materials

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Mariya Y. Medvedevskikh ◽  
Anna S. Sergeeva
Keyword(s):  
Reference Materials ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Metrological Traceability ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Measurement Results

The article raises the problem of ensuring metrological traceability of the measurement results of indicators of quality and nutritional value for food products and food raw materials: water (moisture), nitrogen (protein, crude protein), fat, ash and carbohydrates. The problem under consideration can be solved by applying reference materials of food composition, traceable to state primary measurement standards GET 173-2017 and GET 176-2019 and primary reference measurement procedures (PRMP), for attestation of measurement procedures and accuracy checking of measurement results. The article discusses the results of the PRMP development of mass fraction of fat, ash and carbohydrates in food products and food raw materials, as well as mass fraction of crude fat (oil content) in oil crops seeds and products based on them. The paper also presents metrological characteristics of reference materials of composition of dry dairy products, grain-milk dry porridges for nutrition of babies, grain dry porridges for nutrition of babies, egg powder, freeze-dried meat products, animal feed. The results of the work allow for building a chain of metrological traceability from GET 173-2017, GET 176-2019 and PRMP to routine measurement procedures, thereby ensuring the uniformity of measurements of nutritional value of food products.

The influence of different types of milking units on milk quality and safety

2019 ◽  
pp. 118-125
Author(s):  
A. Vovkohon ◽  
V. Nadtochiy ◽  
G. Kalinina ◽  
O. Hrebelnyk ◽  
N. Fedoruk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Milk Quality ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Protein Mass ◽  
Seeding Method ◽  
Conductivity Increase

The article highlights comparative research results of milk quality indices obtained from the milking in specialized milking halls with such milking units as «Parallel», «Carousel» or in stalls with the milking unit «Molokoprovid». The fat and protein mass fraction, dry matter and fat-free dry matter, density, titratable and active acidity, heat resistance and freezing point have been determined according to the accepted techniques. The electrical conductivity of milk has been determined by using the analytical device MD-20 MAS-D-TEC. The total amount of milk bacteria has been determined by reductase reduction test and by seeding method in Petri dish. The milk quality has been investigated by the fermentation and rennet fermentation tests. The higher indices of the fat mass fraction, the protein mass fraction and the dry substance concentration of milk, obtained in specialized milking halls, have been established. This is not statistically significant. Milk, obtained from the milking unit «Molokoprovid», has higher index of titratable acidity, lower thermal stability in comparison with milk, obtained from specialized milking halls with milking units «Parallel» and «Carousel». It has been determined that there is the bacteria insemination increase in milk received from milking cows in stalls in comparison with milk, obtained from milking in specialized halls. Milk, obtained from the milking unit «Carousel», indicates the subclinical form of mastitis in cows or «Carousel» operation violationif there is in 1,8 mS/cm conductivity increase above average index 4,6 mS/cm. Key words: technology, quality and safety of milk, milking, milking unit, milking hall, bacterial insemination.

scholarly journals Multiresistant Bacteria Isolated from Intestinal Faeces of Farm Animals in Austria

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 466
Author(s):  
Herbert Galler ◽  
Josefa Luxner ◽  
Christian Petternel ◽  
Franz F. Reinthaler ◽  
Juliana Habib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Products ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Multiresistant Bacteria ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

In recent years, antibiotic-resistant bacteria with an impact on human health, such as extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-containing Enterobacteriaceae, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE), have become more common in food. This is due to the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry, which leads to the promotion of antibiotic resistance and thus also makes food a source of such resistant bacteria. Most studies dealing with this issue usually focus on the animals or processed food products to examine the antibiotic resistant bacteria. This study investigated the intestine as another main habitat besides the skin for multiresistant bacteria. For this purpose, faeces samples were taken directly from the intestines of swine (n = 71) and broiler (n = 100) during the slaughter process and analysed. All samples were from animals fed in Austria and slaughtered in Austrian slaughterhouses for food production. The samples were examined for the presence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, MRSA, MRCoNS and VRE. The resistance genes of the isolated bacteria were detected and sequenced by PCR. Phenotypic ESBL-producing Escherichia coli could be isolated in 10% of broiler casings (10 out of 100) and 43.6% of swine casings (31 out of 71). In line with previous studies, the results of this study showed that CTX-M-1 was the dominant ESBL produced by E. coli from swine (n = 25, 83.3%) and SHV-12 from broilers (n = 13, 81.3%). Overall, the frequency of positive samples with multidrug-resistant bacteria was lower than in most comparable studies focusing on meat products.

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