Nanomaterials in Food Packaging

2021 ◽  
pp. 270-287
Author(s):  
Nairah Noor ◽  
Asima Shah ◽  
Adil Gani ◽  
Zanoor Ul Ashraf ◽  
F. A. Masoodi
Keyword(s):  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
The Stability

Nano-materials hold great promise regarding their application in the food industry due to their size-dependent properties, high surface area, longer retention, easy absorption, and unique optical properties. The role of nanomaterials have been extended for increasing the stability and bioavailability of nutrients, encapsulation of flavors, bioactives, enhancing the physical and mechanical properties of food packaging (nanocomposites), pesticide and growth hormone delivery, antimicrobial agents to boost preservation of foodstuffs, detection of foodborne pathogens, biodegradable nano-sensors for monitoring of temperature and moisture, etc. There are various types of nanomaterials like nanoparticles, nano-emulsions, and nano-clays which are synthesized by several methods to be used in the food industry. However, there is some food safety concerns associated with these nanomaterials when used in food systems. It is, therefore, very necessary to formulate and develop some method for the detection of nanomaterials, in particular when used in-vivo.

scholarly journals Anthocyanins Recovered from Agri-Food By-Products Using Innovative Processes: Trends, Challenges, and Perspectives for Their Application in Food Systems

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2632
Author(s):  
Henrique Silvano Arruda ◽  
Eric Keven Silva ◽  
Nayara Macêdo Peixoto Araujo ◽  
Gustavo Araujo Pereira ◽  
Glaucia Maria Pastore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Natural Colorants ◽  
Conventional Extraction ◽  
The Stability ◽  
By Products

Anthocyanins are naturally occurring phytochemicals that have attracted growing interest from consumers and the food industry due to their multiple biological properties and technological applications. Nevertheless, conventional extraction techniques based on thermal technologies can compromise both the recovery and stability of anthocyanins, reducing their global yield and/or limiting their application in food systems. The current review provides an overview of the main innovative processes (e.g., pulsed electric field, microwave, and ultrasound) used to recover anthocyanins from agri-food waste/by-products and the mechanisms involved in anthocyanin extraction and their impacts on the stability of these compounds. Moreover, trends and perspectives of anthocyanins’ applications in food systems, such as antioxidants, natural colorants, preservatives, and active and smart packaging components, are addressed. Challenges behind anthocyanin implementation in food systems are displayed and potential solutions to overcome these drawbacks are proposed.

scholarly journals Anticancer Compounds Derived from Marine Diatoms

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanaa Ali Hussein ◽  
Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Nano Medicine

Cancer is the main cause of death worldwide, so the discovery of new and effective therapeutic agents must be urgently addressed. Diatoms are rich in minerals and secondary metabolites such as saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, esters, acyl lipids, sterols, proteins, and flavonoids. These bioactive compounds have been reported as potent anti-cancer, anti-oxidant and anti-bacterial agents. Diatoms are unicellular photosynthetic organisms, which are important in the biogeochemical circulation of silica, nitrogen, and carbon, attributable to their short growth-cycle and high yield. The biosilica of diatoms is potentially effective as a carrier for targeted drug delivery in cancer therapy due to its high surface area, nano-porosity, bio-compatibility, and bio-degradability. In vivo studies have shown no significant symptoms of tissue damage in animal models, suggesting the suitability of a diatoms-based system as a safe nanocarrier in nano-medicine applications. This review presents an overview of diatoms’ microalgae possessing anti-cancer activities and the potential role of the diatoms and biosilica in the delivery of anticancer drugs. Diatoms-based antibodies and vitamin B12 as drug carriers are also elaborated.

Understanding Micro-Droplet Interface Bilayers for Developing Bioinspired Sensors

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guru Venkatesan ◽  
Andy Sarles
Keyword(s):  
Water Droplet ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Material System ◽  
Modes Of Operation ◽  
New Class ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Droplet Sizes ◽  
The Stability

Droplet-based biomolecular arrays form the basis for a new class of bioinspired material system, whereby decreasing the sizes of the droplets and increasing the number of droplets can lead to higher functional density for the array. In this paper, we report on a non-microfluidic approach to form and connect nanoliter-to-femtoliter, lipid-coated aqueous droplets in oil to form micro-droplet interface bilayers (μDIBs). Two different modes of operation are reported for dispensing a wide range of droplet sizes (2–200μm radius). Due to the high surface-area-to-volume ratios of microdroplets at these length scales, droplet shrinking is prominent, which affects the stability and lifetime of the bilayer. To better quantify these effects, we measure the shrinkage rates for 8 different water droplet/oil compositions and study the effect of lipid placement and lipid type on morphological changes to μDIBs.

scholarly journals Nα-lauroyl-l-arginine ethyl ester monohydrochloride, an antimicrobial agent and its use: a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e6059108996
Author(s):  
Joyce Fagundes Gomes Motta ◽  
Regiane Ribeiro-Santos ◽  
Maria Clara Guimarães ◽  
Lívia de Aquino Garcia Moura ◽  
Letícia Vitorazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agent ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Spoilage Microorganisms ◽  
Strong Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Insight Into

Growing demand for safe foods coupled with the intent to reduce food waste, seeing as much of it is lost through contamination by spoilage microorganisms, leads to research on antimicrobial agents such as LAE (Nα-lauroyl-L-arginine ethyl ester monohydrochloride). This compound has great antimicrobial potential against a range of microorganisms and, therefore, its use may be of extreme importance for the food industry in the search for antimicrobial agents with a broad spectrum of action. Thus, the objective of this article is to review the research involving LAE, when studied in vitro, in vivo and in the incorporation in different packaging in order to be released in a controlled manner for food products. In conclusion, despite the fact that it has a strong antimicrobial activity, it is still little known and is not accepted in all countries, including Brazil. With greater insight into this antimicrobial agent, more countries could use it, supporting worldwide in food preservation.

Recent Advances in the Development of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 2705-2741
Author(s):  
Maria Monteserín ◽  
Silvia Larumbe ◽  
Alejandro V. Martínez ◽  
Saioa Burgui ◽  
L. Francisco Martín
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Magnetic Drug Targeting ◽  
Surface Area Ratio ◽  
Biomedical Field

The unique properties of magnetic nanoparticles have led them to be considered materials with significant potential in the biomedical field. Nanometric size, high surface-area ratio, ability to function at molecular level, exceptional magnetic and physicochemical properties, and more importantly, the relatively easy tailoring of all these properties to the specific requirements of the different biomedical applications, are some of the key factors of their success. In this paper, we will provide an overview of the state of the art of different aspects of magnetic nanoparticles, specially focusing on their use in biomedicine. We will explore their magnetic properties, synthetic methods and surface modifications, as well as their most significative physicochemical properties and their impact on the in vivo behaviour of these particles. Furthermore, we will provide a background on different applications of magnetic nanoparticles in biomedicine, such as magnetic drug targeting, magnetic hyperthermia, imaging contrast agents or theranostics. Besides, current limitations and challenges of these materials, as well as their future prospects in the biomedical field will be discussed.

In vitro and preliminary in vivo toxicity screening of high-surface-area TiO2–chondroitin-4-sulfate nanocomposites for bone regeneration application

2015 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 347-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavitha Kandiah ◽  
Rajendran Venkatachalam ◽  
Chunyan Wang ◽  
Suresh Valiyaveettil ◽  
Kumaresan Ganesan
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Toxicity Screening ◽  
In Vivo Toxicity

Enhanced Specific Heat of Silica Nanofluid

2010 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Donghyun Shin ◽  
Debjyoti Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Specific Heat ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Surface Energies ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Stability

Silica nanoparticles (1% by weight) were dispersed in a eutectic of lithium carbonate and potassium carbonate (62:38 ratio) to obtain high temperature nanofluids. A differential scanning calorimeter instrument was used to measure the specific heat of the neat molten salt eutectic and after addition of nanoparticles. The specific heat of the nanofluid was enhanced by 19–24%. The measurement uncertainty for the specific heat values in the experiments is estimated to be in the range of 1–5%. These experimental data contradict earlier experimental results reported in the literature. (Notably, the stability of the nanofluid samples was not verified in these studies.) In the present study, the dispersion and stability of the nanoparticles were confirmed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Percolation networks were observed in the SEM image of the nanofluid. Furthermore, no agglomeration of the nanoparticles was observed, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The observed enhancements are suggested to be due to the high specific surface energies that are associated with the high surface area of the nanoparticles per unit volume (or per unit mass).

scholarly journals Basic Potential of Carbon Nanotubes in Tissue Engineering Applications

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisao Haniu ◽  
Naoto Saito ◽  
Yoshikazu Matsuda ◽  
Tamotsu Tsukahara ◽  
Yuki Usui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Biological Responses

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are attracting interest in various fields of science because they possess a high surface area-to-volume ratio and excellent electronic, mechanical, and thermal properties. Various medical applications of CNTs are expected, and the properties of CNTs have been greatly improved for use in biomaterials. However, the safety of CNTs remains unclear, which impedes their medical application. Our group is evaluating the biological responses of multiwall CNTs (MWCNTs)in vivoandin vitrofor the promotion of tissue regeneration as safe scaffold materials. We recently showed that intracellular accumulation is important for the cytotoxicity of CNTs, and we reported the active physiological functions CNTs in cells. In this review, we describe the effects of CNTsin vivoandin vitroobserved by our group from the standpoint of tissue engineering, and we introduce the findings of other research groups.

scholarly journals Effect of polythiophene thickness on hybrid sensor sensitivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 839-845
Author(s):  
Samia Belhousse ◽  
Fatma-Zohra Tıghılt ◽  
Sarah Bennıa ◽  
Sarah Adjtoutah ◽  
Sabrina Sam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Conductive Polymer ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Electrochemical Anodization ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Electrical Characterizations

Abstract In recent years, hybrid structures have attracted wide consideration because they generate new very interesting properties. In this study, a hybrid gas sensor was developed using a simple fabrication process from the combination of porous silicon (PSi) and polythiophene (PTh). The study of the effect of electropolymerization rate and film thickness of PTh on the sensitivity and the stability of sensor was realized at room temperature. PSi was formed by electrochemical anodization, and it is an interesting material for sensing applications due to its high surface area. However, to avoid its degradation and to preserve its properties over the time, PSi surface was functionalized electrochemically with PTh subsequently to thermal oxidation. PTh as a conductive polymer is known for its high sensitivity and stability to environmental change. Several thicknesses of PTh have been electropolymerized onto the oxidized PSi surface to determine the best conditions for developing a sensitive and stable sensor. PTh thickness was controlled by the number of applied voltammogram cyclic. The characterizations of the different elaborated surfaces were carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, contact angle, and secondary ion mass spectrometry. Finally, we studied the sensitivity, the response time, and the stability of PSi/PTh structures with different PTh thicknesses in the presence of CO2 gas and under cigarette smoke, by performing electrical characterizations, at room temperature.

scholarly journals Nanopesticides: Current status and scope for their application in agriculture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayant Yadav ◽  
Poonam Jasrotia ◽  
Ajay Kumar Bhardwaj ◽  
Prem Lal Kashyap ◽  
Sudheer Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Volume Property

 Nanotechnology is a rapidly evolving field that has the potential to revolutionise food systems and counter the present-day challenge of food security. It envisages taking agriculture from the era of indiscriminate natural resource use and environmental degradation to the brave new world of advanced systems with enhanced material use efficiency and targeted applications to reduce crop losses caused due to abiotic-biotic stresses as well as to give due considerations to the environment. To manage plant diseases and insect pests, pesticides are inevitably used in agriculture. However, the higher dosage of these chemicals on a per hectare basis has resulted in many environmental and health hazards. To tackle the conventional pesticide related issues, a new field of science called nanotechnology has led to the development of nanopesticides that have less active ingredients, but better efficiency. The nanopesticides contain the carrier molecule or the active nanosized ingredient with a very high surface area to the volume property that provides them unique exploitable-advantages. Several formulations, viz., nanoemulsions, nanosuspensions, nanogels, metal compound-based nanopesticides, have been developed for different modes of action and vivid applications. The biggest advantage comes due to the small size of the particles that help in properly spreading the ingredients on the pest surface and, thus, producing a better action than conventional pesticides. The use of nanoparticles in the form of nanopesticides, nanofertilisers, and nano delivery systems is on the increase day by day due to their higher efficiency and reduced dosage requirements. However, human beings and other organisms are also getting exposed to the nano-entities during the application or afterwards. The interactions of these engineered nano-entities with biological systems are relatively unknown thus far. Therefore, before their wider usage in crop production and protection, a better understanding of their interactions, and adverse effects, if any, is also crucial for a sustainable transition.  

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