Diseño de interfaz gráfica para analizar el ciclo de marcha del cuerpo humano en software libre

Currently in the country there are more than 27 thousand cases of annual amputations and more than 80% correspond to lower limbs, therefore, the demand for prosthetic equipment is greater than what the health sector institutions can provide. It should be noted that the equipment developed by these institutions is only passive equipment, so that only 10% of patients who receive a prosthetic equipment successfully complete their rehabilitation. The main problems that the patient faces when adapting to their prosthetic equipment is the response time and alignment vs the healthy limb, since it does not have an intelligent control system that allows them to respond in real time as the losted limb did. This causes gaps when performing your gait cycle, this over time can bring about abnormalities in your posture affecting the alignment of your motor system. This work allows us to analyze the range of motion of the ankles and knees, in addition to determining the angular velocity of both, it is essential information for the development of control systems necessary for active prosthetic equipment. The programming language where it was developed is the Python 3.7 software and additionally reproduce the simulation of the gait cycle.

Evaluación de la regresión logística como clasificador de espectros Raman en el diagnóstico automático de cáncer de mama

We evaluated logistic regression as a classifier in the diagnosis of breast cancer based on Raman spectra. Common studies published in the subject use dimensional reduction techniques to generate the classifier. Instead, we proposed to observe the effect of using all intensity values recorded in the spectra as input variables to the algorithm. We used leaving one out cross-validation measuring classification accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. We used Raman spectra taken from breast tissue previously diagnosed by histopathological analysis, some from healthy tissue and some from tissue with cancer. Each spectrum is formed by 605 intensity values in the range of 687 to 1781 cm-1. Logistic regression classifier exhibited 100% classification accuracy. To establish comparative references, we evaluated in the same way: 1) a logistic model preceded by dimensional reduction with Principal Component Analysis (PCA+LR), 2) two classifiers obtained with weighted K nearest neighbors algorithm, and 3) a classifier using the naive Bayes (NB) algorithm. We found that PCA+LR and NB showed the same performance of 100% in classification accuracy. Nevertheless, PCA+LR requires more processing computational time.

Sistema de rehabilitación física con 2 CH, basado en electroterapia con software de seguimiento y control de paciente

The Physiotherapist uses special equipment for electrotherapy, based on the generation and management of interferential currents, voltage and frequencies (sine waves, sawtooth and square), applying energy from the electromagnetic spectrum to the human organism, generating on the tissues, desired biological responses and therapeutic. In the present article, a viable reengineering proposal was developed for teams dedicated to the application of electrotherapy as a means of physical rehabilitation, based on the analysis, emphasizing the improvements to be implemented, to give timely follow-up to the patient and fundamental support to the physiotherapist. The design was contemplated and integrated a system for physical rehabilitation (2 CH), based on electrotherapy and thermotherapy, with software for control and punctual patient follow-up, creating a folder of clinical history since the patient arrives, plotting the progress or setbacks for the generation of reports, allowing the software to suggest changes or continuation with the treatments always with the corresponding medical authorization. The existing professional teams for this area are very expensive, the most complete incorporate an interface in the instrument, but there is no software that relates the patient to the medical part, they do not provide patient follow-up, much less suggest a specific treatment based on the history.

Diseño de un prototipo auxiliar terapéutico para el tratamiento del dolor en enfermedades músculo-esqueléticas

Musculoskeletal disorders are health problems that degenerate bones, muscles, and tendons; they range from mild discomfort to irreversible and disabling injuries, they also have symptoms such as pain and decreased joint mobility. This article presents the design and implementation of a therapeutic auxiliary device that uses Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) as an auxiliary tool in the treatment of pain caused by skeletal muscle disorders. The electronic device is controlled by an Arduino Nano microcontroller that communicates wirelessly (Bluetooth) with a mobile device to set up the intensity of TENS therapy. For the development of the device, a block diagram, an electronic circuit schematic diagram, and a user interface for a mobile device were made. Moreover, a survey instrument was designed to assess the level of pain. As a result, the prototype functionality is demonstrated through the implementation and validation prototype in case studies of the rehabilitation module of the Municipal DIF of Tantoyuca, Veracruz, Mexico.

Desarrollo de prótesis electromecánica de miembro superior

A project of a prosthesis of superior member is presented, where the innovation that is tried to reach is the manufacture of a prosthesis based on the analysis of mobility, the ergonomics and the operation, it is established the dynamic analysis of the different components that will be those that allow the person to take objects according to the mission of the hand and each finger, giving the well-being that the person seeks for this type of prosthesis, analyzing the evolution that has led these teams, defining the form and generating a mechanism for the improvement of the quality of life of people who have lost a limb or were born without them, but all point to a single future, the implementation of electromechanical attachments for its operation, from servomotors, batteries and 3D printing. The project goes partly to these applications increasing the use of myoelectric signals for the control of the forearm and hand prosthesis, finally to develop it will apply the knowledge of bioengineering, mechanics, electronics, robotics and electromechanics. The research of the project establishes to improve components of the existing structures, without taking into account the advantages and disadvantages that our proposal can generate.

Desarrollo de prototipo, bastón para la asistencia de personas débiles visuales

Information technologies have become necessary in the area of the health sector, with the new trends that are emerging, this work aims to develop a prototype of a smart cane to improve travel, allowing to avoid obstacles that obstruct the path of visually impaired people. The methodology used was traditional through the stages of analysis, planning, design, development, testing and implementation, for the development of this prototype the Arduino IDE software was used, using as controller an ARDUINO ONE, for the control of distances, it was used HC-04 ultrasonic sensors, transmitting signals through the vibrating motor and a buzzer that emits a different sound depending on the programming of the ultrasonic sensors. All these connections were linked to an experimental table called Protoboard, which are directed to the ARDUINO ONE board. The final product allowed to have a cane that was tested with, people with visual weakness, the functionality was measured with a questionnaire that evaluated the mobility function and the results were greater than 80% of acceptance

Análisis bioinformático de las rutas pks y fas en plantas y uso de inductores exógenos sobre la producción de acetogeninas en guanábana cultivada in vitro

Goals. To analyze the effect on the production of acetogenins of Annona muricata cultivated in vitro by means of Temporary Immersion Bioreactors (BITs) promoted by the use of exogenous inducers proposed from a bioinformatic analysis. Methodology. A bioinformatic analysis was carried out at the KEGG site of the metabolic pathways of polyketide synthetase (PKS) and fatty acid synthetase (FAS) plants from which acetogenins are derived. Five treatments were performed in the BITs with soursop explants; 1) BAP, 2) BAP + AAs 3) BAP + AAs + Putrescine, 4) BAP + IAA and 5) BAP + IAA + Citrate. BAP and IAA are plant hormones, AAs is a mixture of three ketogenic amino acids, Putrescine and Citrate are inducers of PKS and FAS. Contribution. The cultivation of soursop explants was monitored using BITs of the 5 treatments for 8 weeks without apparent contamination. Sprout observation started from week 6 in treatment 1 and 2 but not in 3 over 8 weeks, with putrescine being more than an inducer a stress factor for the explant as they became necrotic. Treatments 4 and 5 were only monitored until the third week and no information on sprouting was collected. Differences in the profile of acetogenins by HPLC-PDA were observed between soursop leaves to ex vitro and in vitro and between treatments 1, 2 and 3.

Comparación entre la función de cole-cole y la función de Debye para modelar el tejido biológico

The study of the biological tissue varies its behavior, in function of the frequency to which it is subjected. The functions of Cole-Cole, Debye and Lorentz are considered the most used to study the parameters of conductivity and permittivity of biological tissue such as: liver, stomach, gray matter, pancreas, blood, breast tissue to name a few. Depending on the frequency, there may be three different relaxation times. These depend on the nature and physical characteristics of the tissue and its effect in the presence of an electromagnetic signal. The Cole-Cole function is most appropriate when considering a study in the frequency domain, and the Debye function is established to perform the study in the time domain. It is of particular interest to make a comparison between the methods of Cole-Cole and Debye, to define the advantages and disadvantages of each of them. The Lorentz function is used for frequencies of the Tera-Hertz order. Comparative graphs are obtained between both for the biological tissues mentioned above. For each of them the electrical parameters are calculated in a frequency range between 100 Hz and 10 GHz.

Prótesis para rodilla basada en Energía Cinética

The need for prosthesis development dates back many years, but only in the last few years has material, control and automation technology been available to obtain prostheses that imitate the function and performance of the real part that is replaced. The development of prosthesis, involves the need to merge knowledge of human physiology and biomechanics, machining of materials. Currently there are various types of prostheses that are adapted to the needs of people who require them. Recent advances in bionics have made possible the development of more efficient prostheses, but at a high cost. There are limitations and challenges to be overcome in order to be successful, in addition to being accessible, for people with low resources, who only want to be able to walk and be independent, for which purpose it is intended to design and manufacture a prosthesis that supports walking to a person, with a low cost and that the people of low resources can acquire i.

Generación de Mapeo Cerebral utilizando Emotiv 3D Brain Activity Map para aplicación futura en rehabilitación robótica

The objective of this article is to present the results that can be obtained by performing brain mapping from the Emotiv EPOC + brain computer interface in conjunction with the Emotiv 3D Brain Activity Map tool. The methodology is composed of: materials used, application of tests and analysis of results. The application of tests includes the assembly and connection of the equipment, relaxation tests and physical movement tests to visualize the activation of the different areas of the brain. Likewise, the graphical interface of the program, the visualization tools and information analysis, which it provides, is presented. The results present the brain mappings obtained through the software and an analysis of the information obtained. The contribution of this applied research is to evaluate the tools that this type of commercial technology is able to provide for the incorporation of brain activity in engineering areas such as robotic rehabilitation instead of using specialized equipment that is not commonly operable by any researcher and that It can make research more expensive.