scholarly journals Application of ferromagnetic nanoparticles and rotating electromagnetic fields for oil desulfurization

2021 ◽  
Vol 931 (1) ◽  
pp. 012017
Author(s):  
S N Andreev ◽  
V P Bazhenov ◽  
E N Spiridonov ◽  
N I Spiridonov
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
High Power ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Electromagnetic Process

Abstract An innovative technology for desulfurization of hydrocarbon raw materials, based on the effect of a rotating electromagnetic field of high power and ferromagnetic nanoparticles located in the working area of the device on oil or fuel oil, has been developed and implemented on a pilot scale. The basis of the technology is the device named “electromagnetic process activator”, which is based on the principle of converting the energy of the electromagnetic field into other types of energy. The reduction of sulfur in oil by 2.5 times and fuel oil by 3 times was achieved at energy costs of up to 1.0 kW per ton of processed raw materials, which allows us to conclude that the developed technology is highly efficient and productive.

scholarly journals ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ЭНЕРГОТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ПРОЦЕССОВ ОБЕЗВОЖИВАНИЯ РАСТИТЕЛЬНОГО СЫРЬЯ

2018 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
А. В. Гаврилов ◽  
Ігор Віталійович Безбах ◽  
Всеволод Петрович Мордынский ◽  
Олег Григорьевич Бурдо
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Microwave Range ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Dairy Food ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Tomato Paste ◽  
Vacuum Microwave

Рассмотрены мировые тенденции на рынке сушеных продуктов и концентратов. Анализируются энерготехнологии основных процессов обезвоживания – выпарки и сушки. Сравниваются современные технологи обезвоживания и обсуждаются научно-технические противоречия процессов выпарки и сушки. Показаны энергетические преимущества выпарки и ограничения по конечному влагосодержанию готового продукта. Приведены модели материальных балансов при комбинированных технологиях «выпарка - сушка». Представлены инновационные разработки техники обезвоживания – термомеханический агрегат и микроволновой вакуум-выпарной аппарат. Обсуждаются конструктивные варианты агрегата, возможности решать в нем параллельно задачи дробления, плющения, перемешивания и транспортировки продукта. Обоснованы механизмы интенсификации процесса тепломассопереноса в термомеханическом агрегате. Приведены значения коэффициентов теплопередачи в термомеханических агрегатах при обработке сырья в консервных, молочных, пищеконцентратных и винодельческих производствах. Проведено сравнение удельных энергетических затрат в термомеханическом агрегате и в традиционных ленточных и барабанных сушилках. Исследуются инновационные технологии обезвоживания в электромагнитных полях. Показаны перспективы сушилок с электромагнитным подводом энергии микроволнового диапазона. Исследуются процессы выпаривания в традиционных аппаратах и в вакуумных микроволновых.  Приведены модели трансформации, транспорта и потерь энергии в традиционной технологии производства томатной пасты и в установке с термомеханическим агрегатом с ротационным термосифоном. Показано, что инновационная технология позволяет на 40% интенсифицировать процесс выпарки и на 35% снизить удельные расходы энергии. Обоснованы перспективы ступенчатых схем обезвоживания «выпарка - сушка». Проведено развитие методов энергетического менеджмента для исследования энергетической эффективности на основе нового числа подобия – числа энергетического действия.  The world tendencies in the dried products and concentrates market are considered. The energy technologies of the basic processes of dehydration (evaporation and drying) are analyzed. Modern dehydration technologies are compared and the scientific and technical contradictions of the processes of evaporation and drying are discussed. The energy advantages of the evaporation and the limitations by the final moisture content of the finished product are shown. Models of material balances with combined technologies of "evaporation - drying" are given. Innovative developments in dehydration engineering are presented - a thermomechanical unit and a microwave vacuum evaporator. The constructive variants of the unit are discussed, the possibilities of solving in it the tasks of crushing, flattening, mixing and transporting the product in parallel. The mechanisms of intensification of the process of heat and mass transfer in a thermomechanical aggregate are justified. The values of the heat transfer coefficients in thermomechanical aggregates are given for the processing of raw materials in canning, dairy, food-concentrates and wineries. The specific energy costs in a thermomechanical aggregate and in traditional belt and cylinder dryers are compared. Innovative technologies of dehydration in electromagnetic fields are investigated. The prospects of dryers with electromagnetic energy supply of the microwave range are shown. Evaporation processes are studied in conventional apparatuses and in vacuum microwave ones. Models of transformation, transport and energy losses in the traditional technology of tomato paste production and in a device with a thermomechanical unit with a rotary thermosyphon are presented. It is shown that the innovative technology allows to intensify the process of evaporation by 40% and to reduce the energy consumption by 35%. The prospects of stepwise dehydration schemes of "evaporation - drying" are substantiated. Energy management methods have been developed to study energy efficiency based on a new number of similarity – the number of energy actions.

scholarly journals Development of a plant for peeling rapeseed in the electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
O. V. Mikhailova ◽  
M. V. Belova ◽  
A. N. Korobkov ◽  
G. V. Novikova
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Cylindrical Resonator ◽  
Peeling Process

Currently, domestic industry uses imported raw materials. At the same time, supplies of rapeseed oil for export as raw materials account for about 80% of the production volumes. Therefore, import substitution of rapeseed oil due to an increase in its own production and a significant increase in the efficiency of processing technology with improved quality characteristics, the development of innovative technology and technical means to improve the quality of peeling of rapeseed is relevant. Depending on the grain structure, one of three methods of peeling is used: compression and shear, multiple or single blow, by abrasion of the shells. The rapeseed kernel has a fragile structure, so peeling with a multiple blow is irrational. Two requirements are imposed on the rape seed peeling process: high-quality separation of husk from the kernel and preservation of the integrity of the kernel. The article describes the developed design of the installation for peeling rape in an electromagnetic field, which allows the peeling process to be carried out at low operating costs. The process of peeling rape is possible by hydromechanical destruction and abrasion of husks on rotating abrasive disks and mutual friction of grains in the EMF microwave, followed by removal of the shells by blowing air through a hollow dielectric shaft with holes and a perforated cylindrical resonator. The article also describes the technological process of rape peeling and conducted a feasibility study on the implementation of the proposed installation. The economic effect of the use of a microwave installation for rape peeling is 124 thousand rubles/month with the volume of output 38.5 tons/month, profitability will increase by 3.7%.

scholarly journals Process Modeling and Simulation of Tableting—An Agent-Based Simulation Methodology for Direct Compression

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 996
Author(s):  
Niels Lasse Martin ◽  
Ann Kathrin Schomberg ◽  
Jan Henrik Finke ◽  
Tim Gyung-min Abraham ◽  
Arno Kwade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Agent Based Simulation ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Product And Process ◽  
The Impact

In pharmaceutical manufacturing, the utmost aim is reliably producing high quality products. Simulation approaches allow virtual experiments of processes in the planning phase and the implementation of digital twins in operation. The industrial processing of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) into tablets requires the combination of discrete and continuous sub-processes with complex interdependencies regarding the material structures and characteristics. The API and excipients are mixed, granulated if required, and subsequently tableted. Thereby, the structure as well as the properties of the intermediate and final product are influenced by the raw materials, the parametrized processes and environmental conditions, which are subject to certain fluctuations. In this study, for the first time, an agent-based simulation model is presented, which enables the prediction, tracking, and tracing of resulting structures and properties of the intermediates of an industrial tableting process. Therefore, the methodology for the identification and development of product and process agents in an agent-based simulation is shown. Implemented physical models describe the impact of process parameters on material structures. The tablet production with a pilot scale rotary press is experimentally characterized to provide calibration and validation data. Finally, the simulation results, predicting the final structures, are compared to the experimental data.

scholarly journals Electromagnetic Field Analysis and Design of a Hermetic Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with Helical-Grooved Self-Cooling Case for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4856
Author(s):  
Hae-Sol Lee ◽  
Myeong-Hwan Hwang ◽  
Hyun-Rok Cha
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
High Power ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Flight Duration ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Drive Motor ◽  
Interior Permanent Magnet

As unmanned aerial vehicles expand their utilization and coverage, research is in progress to develop low-weight and high-performance motors to efficiently carry out various missions. An electromagnetic field interior permanent magnet (IPM) motor was designed and analyzed in this study that improved the flight performance and flight duration of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The output power and efficiency of a conventional commercial UAV motor were improved by designing an IPM motor of the same size, providing high power output and high-speed operation by securing high power density, wide speed range, and mechanical stiffness. The cooling performance and efficiency of the drive motor were improved without requiring a separate power source for cooling by introducing the helical-grooved self-cooling case, which has a low heat generation structure. Furthermore, the motor is oil-cooled through rotating power without a separate power source, reducing the weight of the UAV. The heat dissipation characteristics were verified by fabricating a prototype and taking actual measurements to verify the validity of the heat dissipation characteristics. The results of this study are expected to improve the flight duration and performance of UAVs and contribute to the efficiency of the design of a UAV drive motor.

Furnace Operation: “A Gold Mine in your Casthouse”

2009 ◽  
Vol 630 ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Girard ◽  
J. Barresi ◽  
C. Dupuis ◽  
G. Riverin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Furnace Operation ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Gold Mine ◽  
Scrap Rate ◽  
Operation Knowledge ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
Insight Into

Scrap rate, throughput, alloy recovery and raw materials are all areas of the casthouse which usually get substantial attention as means of either increasing profits or reducing costs. However, furnaces, which are often overlooked by the casthouse, can also deliver surprisingly high savings. Moreover, these potential savings can only magnify as energy costs and pressures to reduce carbon footprint increase. This paper gives an insight into where savings can be achieved by a casthouse with proper furnace operation. Knowledge of how a furnace should be operated is often neglected but as this paper tries to highlight, developing this knowledge can be extremely worthwhile.

A New Aluminium Silicon-Boron Nitride Abradable for Compressor Components

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Boddenberg ◽  
B. Kock ◽  
M. Dorfman ◽  
L. Russo ◽  
M. Nestler
Keyword(s):  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Abradable Coatings ◽  
Optimization And Performance

Abstract Air separation plants use centrifugal compressors where air and electrical energy are the only raw materials used in the production process. So energy costs play a crucial role and the compressors are heavily penalized when guaranteed performance levels are not achieved. In order to better generate performance, abradable coatings, previously used in the gas turbine industry, have been designed into turbocompressors. This paper will show the optimization and performance improvements of a new aluminium silicon-boron nitride material.

Experimental study of the transmission of energy of a microwave electromagnetic field into the oil environment employing a submersible emitter

2021 ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
A. F. Sekachev ◽  
V. V. Shalai ◽  
Yu. D. Zemenkov ◽  
A. F. Fitzner ◽  
A. E. Yakovlev
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Thermal Process ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Coaxial Cable ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Thermal Imager ◽  
Pipeline Transport ◽  
Optically Transparent

The supply of heat to oil media pumped by pipeline transport systems is one of the main problems in the oil industry. The article describes a method for supplying heat to oil-containing media using the energy of an electromagnetic field. The possibility of releasing surfaces in contact with oil sludge under the influence of electromagnetic fields has been shown by experiment. We describe the design and parameters of a biconical horn radiator of a microwave electromagnetic field operating at a frequency of 2 450 MHz. A method for generating energy and transmitting it to the emitter by means of a coaxial cable is shown. Testing the emitter in oil placed in an optically transparent and radio-tight double-walled tank is presented. The design of the stand allows us to safely examine the thermal process using a thermal imager. The installation made it possible to heat 7 liters of oil at 15 °C in 12 minutes.

scholarly journals Compact Exposimeter Device for the Characterization and Recording of Electromagnetic Fields from 78 MHz to 6 GHz with Several Narrow Bands (300 kHz)

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 7395
Author(s):  
Marco Xavier Rivera Rivera González ◽  
Nazario Félix Félix González ◽  
Isabel López ◽  
Juan Sebastián Ochoa Ochoa Zambrano ◽  
Andrés Miranda Miranda Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Cross Talk ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Spectrum Analyzer ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Entire Spectrum ◽  
Narrow Bands

A novel compact device with spectrum analyzer characteristics has been designed, which allows the measuring of the maximum power received in multiple narrow frequency bands of 300 kHz, recording the entire spectrum from 78 MHz to 6 GHz; the device is capable of measuring the entire communications spectrum and detecting multiple sources of electromagnetic fields using the same communications band. The proposed device permits the evaluation of the cross-talk effect that, in conventional exposimeters, generates a mistake estimation of electromagnetic fields. The device was calibrated in an anechoic chamber for far-fields and was validated against a portable spectrum analyzer in a residential area. A strong correlation between the two devices with a confidence higher than 95% was obtained; indicating that the device could be considered as an important tool for electromagnetic field studies.

scholarly journals A study to set-up a technological process for purification of Zinc scraps by using liquation method

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Ngoc Vuong Tran ◽  
Manh Hung Luong ◽  
Dinh Dang Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Time Factors ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Technology Process ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Set Up

Zinc scrap is a source of raw material for zinc oxide production. However, to qualify the requirement of raw material for zinc oxide (99.5%) production, refining this source is needed. Many methods are considered such as rectification, chemical method, etc., but difficult to apply on an industrial scale. This workfocused on the investigation of the influence of temperature and time factors for asessing the possibility of applying liquation method for the purification of impurities from scrap zinc.The experiment results show that the optimum temperature of liquation to remove Pb,Fe from zinc scrap is in the range of 440-450°C, the optimal time of the process is 8h for the pot with 8cm in height and 6cm in diameter (the quantity of raw zinc sample is about 2kg / batch), then we can obtain about 80% of zinc metal with an average Zn content of about 97, 0%, both Pb and Fe content decreased to a range from 0.35 to 0.4%, and 1.0 to 1.1%, respectively, which meet the requirement of raw materials for the production of high quanlity ZnO ( 99,5 %). Based on the parameters obtained on lab-scale, a trial on pilot scale of 250 kg / batch was conducted, The result confirms that the quality of the products meets the requirement of raw materials for production of high quality ZnO (99.5%) and a technology process for refining zinc scrap by the liquation was proposed.

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