scholarly journals Dialektika nalar idealitas dan nalar realitas: aplikasi konsep umum al-balwa dalam dinamika hukum Islam

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Firman Muhammad Arif

The application of  law is not always oriented towards things that are ideal. There are certain other considerations or exceptions to the application of  rules because they are beyond knowledge and no control. The general concept of  umum al-balwa to fulfi ll interests including liminating diffi culties. By using qualitative descriptive analysis and considerations that are diffi cult to avoid or diffi cult to avoid become special considerations that result in dispensation. Cases that affl ict human life are linked to other matters in various fi elds with the niformity of  considerations and the impact of  giving relief which ends in making it easy but not easy.

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-316
Author(s):  
Abdul Kholiq ◽  
Rizqi Rahmawati

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact in all aspects of human life, such as in the health, education, social, economic and banking sectors. To restore the economic and banking sectors, the government through The Financial Services Authority issued Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Republik Indonesia Nomor 11 /POJK.03/2020 Tentang Stimulus Perekonomian Nasional Sebagai Kebijakan Countercyclical Dampak Penyebaran Coronavirus Disease 2019. One of the things described in POJK Number 11 /POJK.03/2020 is the implementation of credit or financing restructuring for debtors who were affected during the Covid-19 pandemic. The implementation of this credit / financing restructuring has raised concerns about bank liquidity. This study uses a qualitative descriptive analysis method by describing the phenomena that occur due to the impact of Covid-19 on the global and national economy, Indonesian government policies, and banking. The results showed that during the period March-September 2020 the average Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) in Islamic Commercial Banks showed a value of 79.31% where the highest ratio occurred in July with a ratio level of 81.03% and the lowest ratio occurred in September with a ratio of 77.06%. Under these conditions, in general the level of liquidity of Islamic commercial banks is categorized as healthy or liquid. The average FDR ratio in Sharia Business Units for the period March-September 2020 shows a value of 103.54% where the highest ratio occurred in May with an FDR ratio of 107.20% and the lowest ratio occurred in September with an FDR ratio of 95.87%. Under these conditions, in general the liquidity level of the Sharia Business Unit is categorized as less healthy or less liquid.Pandemi Covid-19 telah memberikan dampak yang signifikan dalam segala segi kehidupan manusia seperti dalam bidang kesehatan, pendidikan, sosial, ekonomi maupun sektor perbankan. Untuk memulihkan sektor ekonomi dan perbankan, pemerintah melalui Otoritas Jasa Keuangan mengeluarkan Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Republik Indonesia Nomor 11 /POJK.03/2020 Tentang Stimulus Perekonomian Nasional Sebagai Kebijakan Countercyclical Dampak Penyebaran Coronavirus Disease 2019. Salah satu hal yang dijelaskan dalam POJK Nomor 11 /POJK.03/2020 adalah pemberlakuan restrukturisasi kredit atau pembiayaan bagi debitur yang terdampak selama pandemi Covid-19. Pemberlakuan restrukturisasi kredit/pembiayaan ini memunculkan kekhawatiran terhadap likuiditas bank. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa dampak implementasi restrukturisasi pembiayaan terhadap likuiditas bank syariah pada situasi pandemic covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan  metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif dengan cara mendeskripsikan fenomena-fenomena yang terjadi akibat dampak Covid-19 terhadap perekonomian global maupun nasional, kebijakan pemerintah Indonesia, serta perbankan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama periode Maret-September 2020 rata-rata rasio Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR)  pada Bank Umum Syariah menunjukkan nilai 79,31% dimana rasio tertinggi terjadi pada bulan Juli dengan tingkat rasio 81,03% dan rasio terendah terjadi pada bulan September dengan tingkat rasio 77,06%. Dengan kondisi tersebut, maka secara umum tingkat likuiditas bank umum syariah dikategorikan sehat atau likuid. Rata-rata rasio FDR pada Unit Usaha Syariah periode Maret-Septemer 2020 menunjukkan nilai 103,54% dimana rasio tertinggi terjadi pada bulan Mei dengan tingkat rasio FDR 107.20% dan rasio terendah terjadi pada bulan September dengan tingkat rasio FDR 95.87%. Dengan kondisi tersebut, maka secara umum tingkat likuiditas Unit Usaha Syariah dikategorikan kurang sehat atau kurang likuid.  


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrick Sidney Kanmounye ◽  
Joel Noutakdie Tochie ◽  
Aimé Mbonda ◽  
Cynthia Kévine Wafo ◽  
Leonid Daya ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Scientometrics is used to assess the impact of research in several health fields, including Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine. The purpose of this study was to identify contributors to highly-cited African Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine research. Methods The authors searched Web of Science from inception to May 4, 2020, for articles on and about Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine in Africa with ≥2 citations. Quantitative (H-index) and qualitative (descriptive analysis of yearly publications and interpretation of document, co-authorship, author country, and keyword) bibliometric analyses were done. Results The search strategy returned 116 articles with a median of 5 (IQR: 3–12) citations on Web of Science. Articles were published in Anesthesia and Analgesia (18, 15.5%), World Journal of Surgery (13, 11.2%), and South African Medical Journal (8, 6.9%). Most (74, 63.8%) articles were published on or after 2013. Seven authors had more than 1 article in the top 116 articles: Epiu I (3, 2.6%), Elobu AE (2, 1.7%), Fenton PM (2, 1.7%), Kibwana S (2, 1.7%), Rukewe A (2, 1.7%), Sama HD (2, 1.7%), and Zoumenou E (2, 1.7%). The bibliometric coupling analysis of documents highlighted 10 clusters, with the most significant nodes being Biccard BM, 2018; Baker T, 2013; Llewellyn RL, 2009; Nigussie S, 2014; and Aziato L, 2015. Dubowitz G (5) and Ozgediz D (4) had the highest H-indices among the authors referenced by the most-cited African Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine articles. The U.S.A., England, and Uganda had the strongest collaboration links among the articles, and most articles focused on perioperative care. Conclusion This study highlighted trends in top-cited African articles and African and non-African academic institutions’ contributions to these articles.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 205520762096835
Author(s):  
C Blease ◽  
C Locher ◽  
M Leon-Carlyle ◽  
M Doraiswamy

Background The potential for machine learning to disrupt the medical profession is the subject of ongoing debate within biomedical informatics. Objective This study aimed to explore psychiatrists’ opinions about the potential impact innovations in artificial intelligence and machine learning on psychiatric practice Methods In Spring 2019, we conducted a web-based survey of 791 psychiatrists from 22 countries worldwide. The survey measured opinions about the likelihood future technology would fully replace physicians in performing ten key psychiatric tasks. This study involved qualitative descriptive analysis of written responses (“comments”) to three open-ended questions in the survey. Results Comments were classified into four major categories in relation to the impact of future technology on: (1) patient-psychiatrist interactions; (2) the quality of patient medical care; (3) the profession of psychiatry; and (4) health systems. Overwhelmingly, psychiatrists were skeptical that technology could replace human empathy. Many predicted that ‘man and machine’ would increasingly collaborate in undertaking clinical decisions, with mixed opinions about the benefits and harms of such an arrangement. Participants were optimistic that technology might improve efficiencies and access to care, and reduce costs. Ethical and regulatory considerations received limited attention. Conclusions This study presents timely information on psychiatrists’ views about the scope of artificial intelligence and machine learning on psychiatric practice. Psychiatrists expressed divergent views about the value and impact of future technology with worrying omissions about practice guidelines, and ethical and regulatory issues.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Ratnawaty Marginingsih

Abstrak  Berbagai permasalahan yang terjadi pada UMKM terdampak pandemi cukup dirasakan oleh para pelaku usaha tersebut. Hal ini tentu saja berakibat pada penurunan keuntungan secara signifikan dikarenanakan tingkat produktivitas yang rendah. Langkah terkait pemulihan ekonomi, dalam hal ini pemerintah melalui kementrian keuangan membuat kebijakan luar biasa untuk memitigasi dampak covid-19 dan perlambatan ekonomi dengan membuat Program Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional (PEN).  Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menujukkan Program Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional (PEN) memiliki dampak positif bagi sektor UMKM pada masa pandemi covid-19 sebagai langkah kebijakan yang diambil oleh pemerintah untuk mendukung pemulihan perekonomian nasional khususnya sektor UMKM yang memiliki kontribusi cukup besar. Rekomendasi kebijkan penguatan UMKM tidak hanya pada masa pandemi tetapi juga pada masa pemulihan dan pasca pandemi sehingga percepatan pemulihan ekonomi nasional dapat mencapai kestabilannya. Kata Kunci: Program PEN, Kebijkan Pandemi, UMKM  Abstract - The various problems that occur in SMEs affected by the pandemic are quite felt by these business actors. This of course results in a significant reduction in profits due to low productivity levels. Steps related to economic recovery, in this case, the government through the ministry of finance, make extraordinary policies to mitigate the impact of covid-19 and the economic slowdown by creating the National Economic Recovery Program (PEN). The research method used in this paper is a qualitative descriptive analysis technique. The results of the study show that the National Economic Recovery Program (PEN) has a positive impact on the MSME sector during the COVID-19 pandemic as a policy step taken by the government to support the recovery of the national economy, especially the MSME sector which has a significant contribution. Recommendations for strengthening MSME policies are not only during the pandemic but also during the recovery and post-pandemic period so that the acceleration of national economic recovery can achieve stability. Keywords: PEN Program, Pandemic Policy, MSME 


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Reiza Miftah Wirakusuma ◽  
Anak Agung Anom Samudra ◽  
Ni Kadek Sumartini

This study aims to investigate the sensory experience from guests who have stayed at a budget hotel in Bandung, West Java Province. Although only offers low prices, simple facilities, and less spacious room, yet a budget hotel has been able to maximize comfort and satisfaction for their guests. Subsequently, the number of budget hotels increase significantly in the past few decades and create different themes for hospitality industry. These themes create unique experience and they are felt by five senses of guests during their visits. The experience is divided into visual, tactile, gustatory, auditory, and olfactory. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive analysis from 145 questionnaires which were collected on the field. The results showed that the sensory experience had a dominant impact on guest satisfaction in staying at a budget hotel, especially in tactile and visual.


An Naba ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
Maskur Ahmad

The main necessity in one's life is education. Education is a very important factor in human life. Team teaching is basically a learning method carried out by two or more teachers who collaborate in teaching groups of students which are carried out jointly by several teachers. The team or teachers who present the lesson material with the team teaching method presents the same lesson material in the same time and purpose. The type of this research is the classroom action research. The subjects were class IX A students at Taman SiswaTelukBetung Middle School in Bandar Lampung, with a total of 35 students. The data collection techniques in this research used observation, learning outcomes tests, and documentation. This research consisted of two cycles with two meetings in each cycle. The data analysis techniques were using qualitative descriptive analysis. The research success criteria set for student learning outcomes are ≥ 80 reaching 80% based on KKM in schools. The results showed that the application of team teaching learning methods could improve the learning outcomes of class IX A students at Taman SiswaTelukBetung Middle School, Bandar Lampung. The number of students who have completed their study in the first cycle is 18 people or equivalent to 51%. In the second cycle, the number of students who completed study was 31 students or equivalent to 88%.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 221-235
Author(s):  
Moh. Miftakhul Huda ◽  
Ashif Az Zafi

E-learning is the use of learning media using the internet, to send a series of solutions that can increase knowledge and skills in using learning methods. In this study, the aim of this research is to determine the application of the classroom application in the Qur'an Hadith subject at MA NU Al Hidayah. This research also discusses the impact or factors related to the use of the classroom application. This research used a qualitative descriptive analysis type with the type of research in the form of field studies at the MA NU Al Hidayah School, followed by the data collection process, this study used documentation techniques and interviews with the teachers who taught the Qur'an Hadith subjects and some of their students. The research subjects were teachers of Qur'an Hadith subjects at MA NU Al Hidayah and some of their students. The research subjects were teachers of Qur'an Hadith subjects at MA NU Al Hidayah and some of their students. The results showed that: (1) this application is very influential in online learning. (2) there are obstacles that occur in learning. The effect of this research can overcome the obstacles that occur in ongoing learning or find new innovations for the future.


Multilingual ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Deni Karsana, S.S., M.A.

This study aims to reveal the lexicons in the Kaili etnic architecture as an effort to protect their ethno-architectural lexicons (houses). Remember the fundamental nature of the house as a necessity for human life, the local wisdom embedded in the Kaili house building reflects the concept of green architecture. This is an inseparable part of the fact that the language and culture of the houses in the Kaili etnics live, namely Palu, Sigi and Donggala as areas that often occur in earthquakes (Palu-Koro strike-slip fault ). Local knowledge that becomes local wisdom that carries the green architecture concept needs to be preserved. This reflects the value of local wisdom that is environmentally sound by upholding customs for the preservation of human civilization. The disclosure of this lexicon is done using a qualitative descriptive method. Language data in the form of lexicons of house buildings were analyzed to explore the description of Kaili etnics houses, their socio-cultural functions, and the concept of green architecture as disaster mitigation efforts. The findings of this study are expected to be able to strengthen research related to disaster mitigation (earthquake) in an interdisciplinary perspective to minimize the impact of disasters on human life.


2020 ◽  
pp. 117-130
Author(s):  
Innayah innayah Innayah

Media audio Gelaria (Gerak Lagu Anak Ceria) telah diterapkan di dalam pembelajaran pada TK Laboratori Pedagogia Yogyakarta. Namun, masalahnya adalah bahwa sampai sejauh ini, belum pernah dilakukan evaluasi keterlaksanaan pemanfaatannya sehingga tidak dapat diketahui tingkat keberhasilannya. Studi ini merupakan studi kasus di TK Laboratori Pedagogia Yogyakarta. Tujuan evaluasi yang dibahas di dalam tulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana tingkat keberhasilan penerapan media audio Gelaria dalam meningkatkan fisik motorik anak-anak TK Laboratori Pedagogi Yogyakarta. Metode yang digunakan adalah evaluasi program model Kirkpatrick dengan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil evaluasi mengungkapkan bahwa: 1) reaksi peserta didik  menunjukkan keterlaksanaan pembelajaran melalui pemanfaatan media audio Gelaria berada pada kriteria sangat berhasil (83%); 2) proses belajar peserta didik melalui pemanfaatan media audio Gelaria menunjukkan keterlaksanaan pembelajaran pada kriteria sangat berhasil (76%); 3) perilaku peserta didik menunjukkan keterlaksanaan pembelajaran dengan media audio Gelaria pada kriteria berhasil (50%); 4) dampak pemanfaatan media audio Gelaria pada peserta didik menunjukkan keterlaksanaan belajar mereka pada kriteria berhasil (70%), yang dapat diketahui melalui berbagai kejuaraan lomba yang diikuti berkaitan dengan kegiatan fisik motorik; dan 5) penerapan pemanfaatan media audio Gelaria, baik dari sisi SDM pendidik, sarana prasarana, maupun dana yang tersedia secara umum tidak mengalami kendala. Sebagai simpulan, dapat dikemukakan bahwa media audio Gelaria dapat dimanfaatkan di Taman Kanak-Kanak lainnya yang kondisinya tidak jauh berbeda (sekolah imbas). Namun, disarankan agar lembaga pengembang media audio Gelaria memberikan bimbingan teknis penerapan pemanfaatan media audio Gelaria kepada para pendidik dan sekaligus juga mengkaji ulang sintak penerapan pemanfaatan media audio Gelaria. The audio media of Gelaria (Gerak Lagu Anak Ceria or Cheerful Children's Song and Movement) has been implemented in the learning process at the Pedagogia Laboratory Kindergarten, Yogyakarta. However, until now, there has never been any evaluation on its implementation, so that the success degree cannot be identified. This is a case study in Pedagogia Laboratory Kindergarten, Yogyakarta. The objective study is to determine the success degree of the Gelaria audio media implementation in improving the students’ motoric physic at Laboratori Pedagogia Kindergarten, Yogyakarta. The method applied is the Kirkpatrick program evaluation model with qualitative descriptive analysis. The result shows that: 1) The students’ reaction indicates that learning feasibility by using Gelaria audio media is the category of highly successful (83%); 2) The students’ learning process by using Gelaria audio media indicates that the learning feasibility is also in the category of highly successful (76%); 3) Students’ behavior indicates that the learning feasibility by using Gelaria audio media is in the category of successful (50%); 4) The impact of Gelaria audio media implementation on the students indicates that the learning feasibility is in the category of successful (70%), which can be identified from various motoric-physical championships they have attended; and 5) In terms of Human Resources, infrastructures, as well as finance, the implementation of Gelaria audio media has no constraints. It can be summarized that Gelaria audio media can be implemented other Kindergardens that have relatively-common condition (induced schools). However, it is recommended that the institution developing Gelaria audio media should provide technical assistances to teachers on how to implement it, and also continuously review its implmentation syntax.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 485
Author(s):  
Nindra Nindra ◽  
Arfa Agustina Rezekiah ◽  
Daniel Itta

The socioeconomic aspects of the community around the ecotourism site will have an impact on the existence of community-based ecotourism, as well as the existence of Tanjung Puting National Park. This research aims to analyze the impact of Tanjung Puting National Park on the socio-economic condition of the people of Kumai Hulu Village. The location of the research was chosen the location of the village closest to TNTP. A sample of 98 respondents was taken purposively sampling on the grounds of the location of the village closest to ecotourism. Research methods by conducting interviews, observations and documentation. The data analysis used in this study is qualitative descriptive analysis. The impact of TNTP on social conditions in Kumai Hulu Village is high and for economic conditions is being seen with increasing economic opportunities such as trade, lodging and klotok transportation business. Tourism development will certainly have an impact on the conditions around tourism, both in the form of positive impacts such as improving people's living standards by creating new jobs and increasing people's incomes. The negative impact with this TNTP such as the price of basic and local goods increased and the cost of building facilities and infrastructure also increased.Aspek sosial ekonomi masyarakat yang ada disekitar lokasi ekowisata akan berdampak terhadap keberadaan ekowisata berbasis masyarakat, begitu pun dengan adanya Taman Nasional Tanjung Puting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisisis dampak Taman Nasional Tanjung Puting terhadap kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat Kelurahan Kumai Hulu. Penetapan lokasi penelitian dipilih lokasi kelurahan yang paling dekat dengan TNTP. Sampel responden untuk dilakukan wawancara berjumlah 98 orang yang diambil secara purposive sampling dengan alasan lokasi kelurahan yang paling dekat dengan ekowisata. Metode penelitian dengan melakukan wawancara, observasi serta dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Dampak adanya TNTP terhadap kondisi sosial di Kelurahan Kumai Hulu adalah tinggi dan untuk kondisi ekonomi adalah sedang hal ini terlihat dengan meningkatnya peluang ekonomi seperti perdagangan, penginapan serta usaha transportasi klotok. Pengembangan pariwisata tentu saja akan memberikan dampak terhadap kondisi sekitar pariwisata, baik berupa dampak positif seperti meningkatkan taraf hidup masyarakat dengan menciptakan lapangan pekerjaan baru serta meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat. Dampak negative dengan adanya TNTP ini seperti harga barang-barang pokok dan lokal meningkat dan biaya pembangunan sarana dan prasarana juga meningkat.


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