scholarly journals The Productivity of Non-AGP Broiler Small-Holder Businesses Based on Production, Economy and Social Demography

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
Bambang Rijanto Japutra ◽  
Ismoyowati Ismoyowati ◽  
Novie Andri Setianto
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Performance Index ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Social Demography ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Farm Production ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Small Holder

The study investigated the productivity of smallholder broiler farming with and without AGP to identify the difference between the utilization and absence of antibiotic growth promoter (AGP) incorporated into the broiler feed based on production (feed efficiency and cumulative performance index), economy (farming capacity and income), and socio-demography (farmers’ education background, age, farming experience, and farming motivation) in Central Java Province. The study was conducted through a survey of broiler farmers in one partnership company. The data analysis included analysis of variance based on a stratified GLM (general linear model) and correlation analysis. The result did not identify significant differences in the production aspects in either AGP or non-AGP farming, among different regencies, and farm size. In 2018, when farms stop using the AGP, the farm production is better than in 2017 when the AGP was used. Based on the economic aspect, the AGP and non-AGP administration did not affect farming capacity and income. The socio-demographic aspect showed that education significantly affected the success of broiler farming, while farmers’ age, farming experience, and farming motivation did not affect the production of broiler farming. The result of correlation analysis showed that education background contributed to feeding efficiency and cumulative performance index. The conclusions are (1) broilers fed with either AGP or non-AGP containing feed showed relatively similar performance, (2) the government policy on the prohibition of AGP does not contribute to the decrease of farmers’ income and (3) the demographic aspect affecting the success of the broiler farming business is the farmers’ education level.

Impact of Surplus Labor Existence on Land Lease Market in Rural Central Java

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Ernoiz Antriyandarti ◽  
Susi Wuri Ani
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Surplus Labor ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Objective - The Indonesian rice sector seems to lose global competitiveness, and the government intervenes in the market to achieve food self-sufficiency. Particularly, in the main rice producing areas of Central Java, the rice sector does not have a comparative and competitive advantage due to small farm size. Then, we need to investigate the reasons why the farm sizes of rice producers are still small. Methodology/Technique - We hypothesize that the existence of surplus labor in rural areas restrains farm size enlargement. Therefore, we need to examine the existence of surplus labor in study area. By using the empirical model of the Cobb Douglas production function, we test the hypothesis of surplus labor. The estimation result shows that there is a surplus of labor in the study area. Findings - In addition, we examine the impact of surplus labor on land lease market in rural area. This study proves empirically that there is surplus labor in rural areas; therefore, farmers have difficulty finding job opportunities in sectors other than farming. In such a case, they prefer to cultivate rather than lease their land. Novelty - This result implies that the existence of surplus labor restricts the number of land lease contract. As a result, the land lease supply in the land lease market has become very limited. Thus, the existence of surplus labor in rural areas would be a constraint of farm size enlargement. This is the first study which explores the relationship between surplus labor and land lease market in the main rice producer area in Central Java. Type of Paper: Empirical Keywords: Impact; Existence; Surplus Labour; Land Lease Market; Farm Size Enlargement. JEL Classification: E24, H83.

scholarly journals Profitability on dairy farms with automatic milking systems compared to farms with conventional milking systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjørn Gunnar Hansen ◽  
Hans Olav Herje ◽  
Jonas Höva
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Farm Production ◽  
Automatic Milking ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Automatic Milking Systems

The objective of this study was to explore differences in profitability between farms with automatic milking systems (AMS) and farms with conventional milking systems (CMS). To explore profitability, we analysed the gross farm income from dairy cows. Accounting and production data for over a thousand dairy farms were collected. Using kernel-matching, we made CMS farms more comparable to AMS farms. We then used ordinary least squares regression to estimate the effect of AMS relative to farm size and time passed since last investment in milking systems. The results show that farms must have 35 to 40 cows before AMS becomes more profitable than CMS. Further, any profitability gains will only be visible after a transitional period of approximately four years. Milk revenues are higher on AMS farms, and the difference increases with the size of the farm. Production-related costs are also higher on AMS farms.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KONSENTRASI LOGAM BERAT TIMBAL (Pb) DAN KADMIUM (Cd) DI SUNGAI SILANDAK, SEMARANG Heavy Metal Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) Concentration Analysis in Silandak River, Semarang

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-264
Author(s):  
Nisrina Nurfitria Hanifah ◽  
Siti Rudiyanti ◽  
Churun Ain
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Central Java ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government

ABSTRAKSungai Silandak terletak di Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah yang menerima limbah dari hasil kegiatan transportasi, industri dan domestik masyarakat sekitar. Limbah tersebut mengandung logam berat Timbal (Pb) dan Kadmium (Cd) yang mengalami perubahan konsentrasi disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, salah satunya curah hujan. Curah hujan menyebabkan debit air menjadi lebih tinggi sehingga terjadi proses pengenceran konsentrasi pada badan perairan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui konsentrasi Pb dan Cd yang kemudian dibandingkan dengan baku mutu lingkungan, perbedaan konsentrasi Pb dan Cd pada Bulan Oktober – Desember 2018 serta hubungan debit air dengan konsentrasi Pb dan Cd. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei dengan teknik sampling purposive sampling. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan empat kali (pada Oktober – Desember 2018) di lima stasiun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi Pb = 0,03 – 0,003 mg/l dan Cd = 0,001 – 0,005 mg/l. Konsentrasi tersebut berada di bawah baku mutu lingkungan menurut PP No. 82 Tahun 2001 (Pb < 0,03 mg/l dan Cd < 0,01 mg/l) namun beberapa masih berada di atas baku mutu lingkungan menurut Kepmen LH No. 51 Tahun 2004 (Pb > 0,008 mg/l dan Cd > 0,001 mg/l). Terdapat perbedaan konsentrasi Pb dan Cd pada Bulan Oktober – Desember 2018, (Sig. < 0,05) Pb = 0,048 dan Cd = 0,037. Debit air dengan konsentrasi Pb dan Cd menunjukkan hubungan yang cukup erat, Pb (R = 0,576) dan Cd (R = 0,563).ABSTRAKSungai Silandak terletak di Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah yang menerima limbah dari hasil kegiatan transportasi, industri dan domestik masyarakat sekitar. Limbah tersebut mengandung logam berat Timbal (Pb) dan Kadmium (Cd) yang mengalami perubahan konsentrasi disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, salah satunya curah hujan. Curah hujan menyebabkan debit air menjadi lebih tinggi sehingga terjadi proses pengenceran konsentrasi pada badan perairan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui konsentrasi Pb dan Cd yang kemudian dibandingkan dengan baku mutu lingkungan, perbedaan konsentrasi Pb dan Cd pada Bulan Oktober – Desember 2018 serta hubungan debit air dengan konsentrasi Pb dan Cd. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei dengan teknik sampling purposive sampling. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan empat kali (pada Oktober – Desember 2018) di lima stasiun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi Pb = 0,03 – 0,003 mg/l dan Cd = 0,001 – 0,005 mg/l. Konsentrasi tersebut berada di bawah baku mutu lingkungan menurut PP No. 82 Tahun 2001 (Pb < 0,03 mg/l dan Cd < 0,01 mg/l) namun beberapa masih berada di atas baku mutu lingkungan menurut Kepmen LH No. 51 Tahun 2004 (Pb > 0,008 mg/l dan Cd > 0,001 mg/l). Terdapat perbedaan konsentrasi Pb dan Cd pada Bulan Oktober – Desember 2018, (Sig. < 0,05) Pb = 0,048 dan Cd = 0,037. Debit air dengan konsentrasi Pb dan Cd menunjukkan hubungan yang cukup erat, Pb (R = 0,576) dan Cd (R = 0,563).  ABSTRACTThe Silandak River is located in Semarang City, Central Java, that receives a lot of waste from the transportation, industrial, and local’s (domestic) activities. These waste contained the heavy metal Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd), that concentration in waters caused by many factors, one of which is rainfall. Rainfall caused a rise in water discharge and causes a dilution of concentration in the waters. The purpose are to identify Pb and Cd concentration that will be compared with the quality of the environment, the difference of Pb and Cd concentration in October – December 2018, and also the correlation of water discharge with Pb and Cd concentration. The survey method was used in this study with purposive sampling for the sampling method. The sampling was done four times (in October – December 2018) at five stations. The result showed concentration of Pb = 0,03 – 0,003 mg/l and Cd = 0,001 – 0,005 mg/l. The concentration are below the quality standards according to The Government Regulation No. 82, Year 2001 (Pb < 0,03 mg/l and Cd < 0,01 mg/l), but some are still above the quality standards according to Minister of Environment Decree No. 51, Year 2004 (Pb > 0,008 mg/l dan Cd > 0,001 mg/l). There is a difference in the Pb and Cd concentration on October – December 2018, (Sig. < 0,05) Pb = 0,048 and Cd = 0,037. The water discharge and the concentration of Pb (R = 0,576) and Cd (R = 0,563) showed a quite strong relationship.

PENERAPAN ALGORITMA K-MEANS UNTUK PENGELOMPOKAN DAERAH RAWAN BENCANA DI INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Amril Mutoi Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Accurate Data ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Central Java ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Natural Beauty ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Disaster Data ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All

Indonesia is a country located in the equator, which has beautiful natural. It has a mountainous constellation, beaches and wider oceans than land, so that Indonesia has extraordinary natural beauty assets compared to other countries. Behind the beauty of natural it turns out that it has many potential natural disasters in almost all provinces in Indonesia, in the form of landslides, earthquakes, tsunamis, Mount Meletus and others. The problem is that the government must have accurate data to deal with disasters throughout the province, where disaster data can be in categories or groups of regions into very vulnerable, medium, and low disaster areas. It is often found when a disaster occurs, many found that the distribution of long-term assistance because the stock for disaster-prone areas is not well available. In the study, it will be proposed to group disaster-prone areas throughout the province in Indonesia using the k-means algorithm. The expected results can group all regions that are very prone to disasters. Thus, the results can be Province West java, central java very vulnerable categories, provinces Aceh, North Sumatera, West Sumatera, east Java and North Sulawesi in the medium category, provinces Bengkulu, Lampung, Riau Island, Babel, DIY, Bali, West Kalimantan, North Kalimantan, Central Sulawesi, West Sulawesi, Maluku, North Maluku, Papua, west Papua including of rare categories. With the results obtained in this study, the government can map disaster-prone areas as well as prepare emergency response assistance quickly. In order to reduce the death toll and it is important to improve the services of disaster victims. With accurate data can provide prompt and appropriate assistance for victims of natural disasters.

Capaian pembangunan manusia: analisis komparatif Provinsi Banten, Jawa Barat dan DKI Jakarta

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriwati Adriwati
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Long Life ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Development Paradigm

Human development is a development paradigm that puts human (population) as the focus and final target of all development activities, namely the achievement of control over resources (income to achieve decent living), improvement of health status (long life and healthy life) and improve education. To see the success rate of human development, UNDP publishes an indicator of Human Development Index (HDI). This study discusses the achievements of human development that have been pursued by the government. The problem analyzed in this research is the difference of human development achievement in some provincial government in Indonesia. This paper aims to compare the achievements of human development in some provincial governments seen from the achievement of human development index of each province. Research location in Banten Province, West Java and DKI Jakarta.Keywords:Human Development Index, Human Development Achievement

Konsep Pemerintahan Religius dan Demokrasi Menurut Abdul Karim Soroush dan Ayatullah Khomeini

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 438-473
Author(s):  
M. Heri Fadoil
Keyword(s):  
Religious System ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
Ayatollah Khomeini ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

Abstract: Abdul Karim Soroush judges that religious rule is incorrect assessment of the application of Islamic jurisprudence. In a religious society, Islamic jurisprudence obtains the right to govern. It is, of course, necessary to establish a kind of Islamic jurisprudence-based religious rule. Soroush firmly rejects it because such interpretation is too narrow. As for democracy, Soroush argues that the system used is not necessarily equal to that of the Western. On the contrary, Ayatollah Khomeini’s thoughts on religious rule are reflected in the so called wilayat al-faqih. It is a religious scholar-based government. Democracy, according to him, is the values of Islam itself, which is able to represent the level of a system to bring to the country’s progress. Principally, there are some similarities between the ideas of Ayatollah Khomeini and those of Abdul Karim Soroush in term of religiosity. They assume that it is able to sustain the religious system of government. The difference between both lies on the application of religiosity itself. Ayatollah Khomeini applies the concept of a religious scholar-based government, while Abdul Karim Soroush rejects the institutionalization of religion in the government or state.Keywords: Governance, democracy, Abdul Karim Soroush, Ayatollah Khomeini

The Use of Multimedia and its Impact on Bangladeshi EFL Learners at Tertiary Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Farzana Sharmin Pamela Islam
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Academic Writing ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

As 21st century is the era of modern technologies with different aspects, it offers us to make the best use of them. After tape recorder and overhead projector (OHP), multimedia has become an important part of language classroom facilities for its unique and effective application in delivering and learning lesson. Although in many parts of Bangladesh, a South Asian developing country, where English enjoys the status of a foreign language, the use of multimedia in teaching and learning is viewed as a matter of luxury. However, nowadays the usefulness and the necessity of it are well recognized by the academics as well as the government. The study aims to focus on the difference between a traditional classroom void of multimedia and multimedia equipped classrooms at university level by explaining how multimedia support the students with enhanced opportunity to interact with diverse texts that give them more in-depth comprehension of the subject. It also focuses on audio-visual advantage of multimedia on the students’ English language learning. The study has followed a qualitative method to get an in-depth understanding of the impact of using multimedia in an English language classroom at tertiary level. For this purpose, the data have been collected from two different sources. Firstly, from students’ written response to  an open ended question as to their comparative experience of learning  lessons with and without multimedia facilities; and secondly, through  observation of English language classes at a private university of Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh. The discussion of the study is limited to  the use of multimedia in English language classroom using cartoons, images and music with a view to enhance students’ skills in academic writing, critical analysis of image and critical appreciation of music. For this purpose, cartoons in English language, images from Google and music from You Tube have got focused discussion in this paper.

TO THE PROBLEMS OF COMBATING CORRUPTION IN MODERN RUSSIA AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF ANTI-CORRUPTION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Dranishnikova
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Moral Point ◽  
Material Goods ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government

In the article, the author reflects the existing problems of the fight against corruption in the Russian Federation. He focuses on the opacity of the work of state bodies, leading to an increase in bribery and corruption. The topic we have chosen is socially exciting in our days, since its significance is growing on a large scale at all levels of the investigated aspect of our modern life. Democratic institutions are being jeopardized, the difference in the position of social strata of society in society’s access to material goods is growing, and the state of society is suffering from the moral point of view, citizens are losing confidence in the government, and in the top officials of the state.

The Problem of Agricultural Taxation in West Pakistan and an Alternative Solution: A Comment (Notes & Comments)

1973 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-437
Author(s):  
Sarfaraz Khan Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Capita Income ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Water Rate ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government

In the Summer 1973 issue of the Pakistan Development Review, Mr. Mohammad Ghaffar Chaudhry [1] has dealt with two very important issues relating to the intersectoral tax equity and the intrasectoral tax equity within the agricultural sector in Pakistan. Using a simple criterion for vertical tax equity that implies that the tax rate rises with per capita income such that the ratio of revenue to income rises at the same percentage rate as per capita income, Mr. Chaudhry found that the agricultural sector is overtaxed in Pakistan. Mr. Chaudhry further found that the land tax is a regressive levy with respect to the farm size. Both findings, if valid, have important policy implications. In this note we argue that the validity of the findings on intersectoral tax equity depends on the treatment of water rate as tax rather than the price of a service provided by the Government and on the shifting assumptions regard¬ing the indirect taxes on imports and domestic production levied by the Central Government. The relevance of the findings on the intrasectoral tax burden would have been more obvious if the tax liability was related to income from land per capita.

PENERAPAN CLUSTERING PADA PENDUDUK YANG MEMPUNYAI KELUHAN KESEHATAN DENGAN DATAMINING K-MEANS

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Rofiqo ◽  
Agus Perdana Windarto ◽  
Dedy Hartama
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Data Mining ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Health Complaints ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
National Statistics ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Indonesian Population ◽  
The Government

This study aims to utilize Clushtering Algorithm in grouping the number of people who have health complaints with the K-means algorithm in Indonesia. The source of this research data was collected based on the documents of the provincial population which had health complaints produced by the National Statistics Agency. The data used in this study are data from 2013-2017 consisting of 34 provinces. The method used in this research is K-means Algorithm. Data will be processed by clushtering in 3 clushter, namely clusther high health complaints, clusther moderate and low health complaints. Centroid data for high population level clusters 37.48, Centroid data for moderate population level clusters 27.08, and Centroid data for low population level clusters 14.89. So that obtained an assessment based on the population index that has health complaints with 7 provinces of high health complaints, namely Central Java, Yogyakarta, Bali, West Nusa Tenggara, East Nusa Tenggara, South Kalimantan, Gorontalo, 18 provinces of moderate health complaints, and 9 other provinces including low health complaints. This can be an input to the government to give more attention to residents in each region who have high health complaints through improving public health services so that the Indonesian population becomes healthier without health complaints.Keywords: data mining, health complaints, clustering, K-means, Indonesian residents

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