scholarly journals Role of Roof plate-specific SPONDIN3 Mutation in the Determination of Obesity Phenotypes/Fat Distribution and Susceptibility to Cardiovascular disease in Sudanese Patients in Khartoum State

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-124
Author(s):  
Ashraf M.A. Alkinain ◽  
Kamal Eldin Ahmed Abdelsalam ◽  
Mutaz Ibrahim Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Abdominal Adiposity ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Heart Group

Background: Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. A growing database of clinical evidence implicates intra-abdominal adiposity as a powerful driving force for elevated cardiometabolic risk (1). Addressing intra-abdominal adiposity should play a central role in future strategies aimed at improving cardiovascular outcomes in patients with abdominal obesity and its associated cardiometabolic risk in Sudan. Objectives: It is to find the mutation in R-SPONDIN3gene and its association to both of fat deposition around the abdomen and susceptibility to cardiovascular disease in Sudanese patients in Khartoum State. Material and methods: Conventional PCR was done to detect R- SPONDIN3 in 300 participants (males and females) classified into three groups. The first group will include one hundred participants with abdominal obesity, the second group will include one hundred participants already diagnosed with CVD entangled with obesity (positive control group), while the third group will include one hundred healthy lean volunteers (negative control group). Data was analyzed using SPSS Version 22 software. P value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: In this study, the results of Conventional PCR were significantly different in (P <0.001) in Heart group subjects as compared to healthy controls and obese group. Comparison between the different studied groups according to gene expression showed significant differences (P <0.001) mean value of gene expression in healthy group subjects was 1.0 ± 0.0, Obesity group was 2.44 ± 0.50 and heart group subjects was 4.54 ± 0.87 respectively . Conclusion: clinically, detect R- SPONDIN3 mutation in patients with diagnosed with CVD entangled with obesity and amount of the gene expressed cleared different between obese and CVD subjects entangled with obesity. Keywords: R-SPONDIN3 gene, abdominal Obesity, CVD.

scholarly journals Relation of R-Spondin 3 Gene expression android obesity and Susceptibility to Cardiovascular disease in Sudanese Patients in Khartoum State.

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-361
Author(s):  
Ashraf M.A. Alkinain ◽  
Kamal Eldin Ahmed Abdelsalam ◽  
Mutaz Ibrahim Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Abdominal Adiposity ◽  
Heart Group

Background: Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. A growing database of clinical evidence implicates intra-abdominal adiposity as a powerful driving force for elevated cardiometabolic risk. Addressing intra-abdominal adiposity should play a central role in future strategies aimed at improving cardiovascular outcomes in patients with abdominal obesity and its associated cardiometabolic risk in Sudan. Several studies aimed to identify some factors controlling the size and function of different areas of fat. Our research is focusing on a particular gene called R-SPONDIN3, Objectives: It is to find the amount of R-Spondin3 Gene expression in Abdominal obesity and Susceptibility to Cardiovascular disease in Sudanese Patients in Khartoum State Material and methods: - The study was including 300 participants (156 males and 144 females) classified into three groups. The first group was including one hundred participants with abdominal obesity (obese), the second group was including one hundred participants already diagnosed with CVD entangled with obesity (Heart Group as positive control group), while the third group was include one hundred healthy lean volunteers (negative control group) Results: - The findings of this study showed Conventional PCR results were significantly different (P <0.001) in Heart group subjects as compared to healthy controls and obese group. Among heart group mutation was detected in some subjects (19%) and the rest without mutation (81%) but in obese group no mutation was detected. Comparison between the different studied groups according to gene expression showed significant differences (P <0.001) mean value of gene expression in healthy group subjects was 1.0 ± 0.0, Obesity group was 2.44 ± 0.50 and heart group subjects was 4.54 ± 0.87 respectively.  Conclusion: The amount of R-SPONDIN3 gene expression among the obese and CVD patients is show up significant different and the amount of gene expressing among the CVD patients is higher than obese which is suggested that the amount of gene expressed in obese patients with heart disease more than obese patients without cardiovascular complications  

scholarly journals Effects of Vitrification on the Blastocyst Gene Expression Profile in a Porcine Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1222
Author(s):  
Cristina Cuello ◽  
Cristina A. Martinez ◽  
Josep M. Cambra ◽  
Inmaculada Parrilla ◽  
Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Transcriptome Profile ◽  
Embryo Viability ◽  
The Impact

This study was designed to investigate the impact of vitrification on the transcriptome profile of blastocysts using a porcine (Sus scrofa) model and a microarray approach. Blastocysts were collected from weaned sows (n = 13). A total of 60 blastocysts were vitrified (treatment group). After warming, vitrified embryos were cultured in vitro for 24 h. Non-vitrified blastocysts (n = 40) were used as controls. After the in vitro culture period, the embryo viability was morphologically assessed. A total of 30 viable embryos per group (three pools of 10 from 4 different donors each) were subjected to gene expression analysis. A fold change cut-off of ±1.5 and a restrictive threshold at p-value < 0.05 were used to distinguish differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The survival rates of vitrified/warmed blastocysts were similar to those of the control (nearly 100%, n.s.). A total of 205 (112 upregulated and 93 downregulated) were identified in the vitrified blastocysts compared to the control group. The vitrification/warming impact was moderate, and it was mainly related to the pathways of cell cycle, cellular senescence, gap junction, and signaling for TFGβ, p53, Fox, and MAPK. In conclusion, vitrification modified the transcriptome of in vivo-derived porcine blastocysts, resulting in minor gene expression changes.

Effects of 1% and 3% Mobe Leaf Extract Gel on Socket Wound Healing after Tooth Extraction

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Olivia Avriyanti Hanafiah ◽  
Denny Satria ◽  
Avi Syafitri
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Gel Treatment

Tooth extraction is a process of removing teeth from the alveolar bone. In wound healing, fibroblast are very important cells. The main purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mobe leaf 1% and 3% extract gel (Artocarpus lakoocha) on fibroblast proliferation in post extraction tooth socket wound healing. This research used 16 samples of wistar rats, divided into 4 groups, a positive control group, a negative control group and a 1% and 3% mobe leaf extract gel group. The left mandibular incisors were extracted, then 1% and 3% gels of mobe leaf extract were applied on day 1 to day 7. Data analysis was calculated using the Kruskal-Wallis test on clinical data and one way ANOVA test for microscopic. The result of the socket wound healing activity test for a good concentration of mobe leaf extract gel was 3%. This research shows significant resultith p-value of 0.018 (< 0.05) on the closure of the socket wound clinically which means the closure of the wound accelerates because of the mobe leaf 3% extract gel treatment. The distance of fibroblast on microscopically shows significant resultith a p-value of 0.002 (< 0.05), which means that there was an enlargement of the distance fibroblast at the socket wound closure with application of mobe leaf 3% extract gel. From the results of the study it can be concluded that mobe leaf 3% extract gel has the best ability to show acceleration the closure of the socket wound either clinically or microscopically.

P3486Experimental model for heart failure in rats: apelin-13/apj and bnp-45 gene expression analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H R Helmi ◽  
A P Sunjaya ◽  
D Limanan ◽  
A R Prijanti ◽  
S W A Jusman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Hypoxia Exposure ◽  
Systemic Hypoxia

Abstract Background Apelin, an adipokine peptide and its receptor has recently emerged as a key signaling pathway in maintaining cardiac performance at chronic pressure loads. Apelin has been linked to ventricular dysfunction and therefore maybe of pathophysiologic relevance as a candidate biomarker in HF patients. Purpose This study aims to investigate Apelin-13 gene expression and level, and Apelin receptor (APJ) level in a rat model of heart failure induced by chronic systemic hypoxia and their correlation to BNP-45 gene expression and level, the current gold standard biomarker for heart failure, and to cardiac histopathologic changes. The effect of chronic systemic hypoxia on cardiac hypertrophy, remodeling and heart failure parameters is also of interest. Methods Twenty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats (8–12 weeks of age) were placed in special hypoxic chambers divided into 7 groups – a control group provided with normoxia (atmospheric O2 levels) and 6 exposure groups exposed to hypoxia (8% O2) for 6 hours, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days respectively prior to measurement. Changes in the expression of Apelin and BNP-45 were measured using quantitative real-time PCR, whereas changes in Apelin-13, APJ and BNP-45 levels were measured using ELISA. Histopathology staining using Hematoxylin and Eosin was performed on cardiac tissues post-termination. Results Compared to control, BNP-45 mRNA expression in the hypoxic heart was only significantly different in day 14, whereas, Apelin mRNA expression had showed significantly higher values starting from day 7 onward. This is in line with the evidence of cardiac hypertrophy based on histopathologic examination present from day 7 onwards. BNP-45 and Apelin-13 levels were significantly higher compared to control from day 5 onwards with a peak on day 7. Although significantly higher than control, Apelin-13 and BNP-45 level decreases in day 14 as compared to day 7. Mean APJ levels showed a similar profile with Apelin-13 and BNP-45 levels with a peak in day 7 (4.619 ng/mL). The cardiac Apelin-13 level shows strong significant correlation with BNP-45 levels (r 0.823, p-value 0.0001). There was also a strong significant correlation between APJ receptor levels with Apelin-13 (r 0.9029, p-value 0.001) and BNP-45 (r 0.9062, p-value 0.0009) levels. Apelin-13, APJ and BNP-45 levels also showed strong significant positive correlation to the duration of hypoxia exposure. Conclusion Chronic (≥5 days) and not acute systemic hypoxia in an experimental rat model leads to increase in Apelin-13, APJ and BNP-45 levels. Apelin-13 and BNP-45 were found to significantly increase from 5 days onwards. Apelin mRNA expression was found to show significant increase earlier compared to BNP-45 mRNA expression. Hence, Apelin may serve as a new candidate biomarker for detection of HF due to oxidative stress compared to BNP-45. Exposure to chronic systemic hypoxia can serve as an easily replicable rat model for heart failure. Acknowledgement/Funding Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tarumanagara University, Jakarta, Indonesia

scholarly journals Effects of siRNA-mediated silencing of Bmi-1 gene expression on proliferation of gastric cancer cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 205873921984553
Author(s):  
Ying Guo ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Guangyu Zhou ◽  
Qingjie Ma ◽  
Shi Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Gastric Cancer Cell ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gastric Cancer Cells ◽  
Ags Cells

This study was designed to investigate the effects of siRNA-mediated silencing of Bmi-1 gene expression on proliferation of AGS gastric cancer cell. siRNA Bmi-1 was transfected into human AGS gastric cancer cells by liposome (as siRNA Bmi-1 group) with negative control (as control group); the expressions of Bmi-1 and apoptosis-related genes like P21, Bax, and Bcl-2 in AGS cells were determined by Western blot method; the apoptosis of AGS cells was detected by flow cytometry double staining and Hoechst staining; and cell cycle was measured by flow cytometry. Compared with the control group, the expression of Bmi-1 in the siRNA Bmi-1 group was significantly decreased ( P < 0.05), the apoptosis rate was increased ( P < 0.05), and cell cycles were arrested at G1 phase (P < 0.05); the expression level of P21 and Bax in cells was significantly up-regulated while that of Bcl-2 down-regulated ( P < 0.05). The down regulation of Bmi-1 can inhibit the proliferation of AGS gastric cancer cell and promote its apoptosis, which takes such effects mainly by up-regulating P21 as well as Bax and down-regulating Bcl-2.

scholarly journals Effect of different periodontal ligament simulating materials on the incidence of dentinal cracks during root canal preparation

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-200
Author(s):  
Ajita Rathi ◽  
Prateeksha Chowdhry ◽  
Mamta Kaushik ◽  
Pallavi Reddy ◽  
Roshni Roshni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Root Canal Preparation ◽  
Impression Material ◽  
Group 1

Background. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the incidence of dentinal cracks during root canal preparation with different periodontal ligament simulating materials in vitro. Methods. Seventy freshly extracted human mandibular first premolars were selected and divided into 7 groups in terms of simulating material: group 1: polyether impression material; group 2: polyvinyl acetate adhesive; group 3: polyvinyl siloxane impression material; group 4: cyanoacrylate adhesive; group 5: epoxy resin adhesive; group 6: positive control, without any periodontal ligament simulation; and group 7: negative control, where neither a periodontal ligament simulating material was used nor canal preparation was carried out. Root canal preparation was carried out in all the groups followed by sectioning of roots at 3 mm, 6 mm and 9 mm. The sections were evaluated under a stereomicroscope at ×2.5 for the presence or absence of cracks. Chi-squared test was used to compare the appearance of defective roots between the different experimental groups. Results. The least number of cracks were found in the negative control group, followed by group 1 where polyether impression material was used for periodontal ligament simulation. The difference was significant with a P-value of 0.002 for coronal sections. Conclusion. Under the limitation of the present study, polyether and polyvinyl siloxane (light body) can both be used for simulation of periodontal ligament.

scholarly journals Intra-abdominal adiposity, abdominal obesity, and cardiometabolic risk

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (suppl_B) ◽  
pp. B4-B10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ele Ferrannini ◽  
Anna Maria Sironi ◽  
Patricia Iozzo ◽  
Amalia Gastaldelli
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Abdominal Adiposity

scholarly journals Short Communication: Effects of black soy phytoestrogens (Glycine soja) on elevated levels of estradiol in rat blood (Rattus novergicus) ovariectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Yuliawati ◽  
WURI WIDI ASTUTI ◽  
FITRI YUNIARTI
Keyword(s):  
Group Treatment ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Rat Blood

Abstract. Yuliawati D, Astuti WW, Yuniarti F. 2020. Effects of Black Soy phytoestrogens (Glycine soja) on elevated levels of estradiol in Rat Blood (Rattus norvegicus) ovariectomy. Nusantara Bioscience 12: 55-58. Menopause is the transition from productive to non-productive times due to reduced estrogen and progesterone and has an impact on improving cardiovascular problems. The fulfillment of estrogen needs in menopause can use a type of phytoestrogens from black soybeans. The purpose of research is to prove the administration of black soy extract (Glycine soja) can increase the levels of estradiol in the rat blood (Rattus norvegicus) ovariectomy. Design research uses post-test only control group design. Twenty-five female rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 5 tails per group), negative controls, positive and 3 treatments. Ovariectomy was performed in a group of positive controls and treatment. Thirty-day post ovariectomy rats were given appropriate group treatment (negative control, positive, and treatment with the administration of black soy extract dose of 50, 100, 150 mg/200  g/day for 30 days). The estradiol test used the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Anova's test results with a significant degree of α = 0.05 established that the p-value of 0.000 was less than α = 0.05, meaning there was a significant effect of giving black soy extract on increased levels of estradiol in the rat blood ovariectomy. Post - Hoc Tukey testing shows increased the highest estradiol levels in the dose treatment group 100 mg/200  g/day. This research proves that the administration of black soy extract (Glycine soja) can increase the levels of estradiol in the rat blood (Rattus norvegicus) ovariectomy.

scholarly journals The Anti-tubercular Activity of Noni Fruitsto Inhibition Growth of Multi Drug Resistant-Tuberculosis Bacteria

2021 ◽  
pp. 979-990
Author(s):  
Novie Elvinawaty Mauliku
Keyword(s):  
Antitubercular Activity ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Group I ◽  
Mdr Tb

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a tuberculosis infection that is resistant to the treatment at least two of the most powerful anti-tuberculosis drugs, such as Isoniazid and Rifampisin. Increased cases of MDR-TB in morbidity and mortality become obstacles in the control of tuberculosis (TB), thus requiring supportive treatment of natural ingredients that can contribute in the treatment of TB, such a noni fruit. The main objective of this study was extract of noni fruits to inhibition the growth of strain MDR-TB bacteria, and compered it with the anti-TB drugs. The Morinda c. Linn (Noni) fruits was extraced by ethanol (96%). The extract was filtered through whatman No.1 filter paper, evaporated to dryness on a water bath until the solvent evaporated completely and yield of the crude extract. The experiment were divided into 3 groups, i.e.: negative control: group I; positive control: group II; crude extracts noni fruit: group III: combinations of crude extracts noni fruit and anti-TB drugs (K, AK, and OF). Each group was divided into three groups’ doses of 30 mg/ml, 40 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml. The Anti-tuberculosis activities of extracts noni fruit and K, AK, and OF against TB-MDR bacteria were tested by susceptibility test using proportion method in Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) media.The anti-tubercular activity of noni fruits was determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the bacterial growth at various doses 30 mg/ml, 40 mg/ml, and 50 mg/ml. The research design used post-test only contol group, and analyzed using analysis of variance and post hoct test. The extracted of Morinda c.Linn (noni) fruits have antitubercular activity to inhibiton of growth MDR-TB bacteria at various doses (p value=0,000). At a dose 30 mg/mlthe mean rate of the growth colonies of MDR TB-bacteria whit the mean rate 59,00 ± 27,81, and at a dose 40 mg/ml was1,50 ± 2,81. While at a dose of 50 mg/ml the bacterial colonies of MDR-TB did not grow in media. The combination of Morinda c.Linn (noni) fruit with anti-tuberculosis drugs, was the smallest groups to inhibit and eliminate MDR-TB bacteria at a dose 30 mg/ml(0,00 ± 00.00). The experimental results confirmed the extracted of Morinda c.Linn (noni) fruits have antitubercular activity as well as anti-TB drugs, and the combination of the extracted of Morinda c.Linn (noni) fruits and anti-TB drugs was the best groups to inhibiton of growth MDR-TB bacteria.   Keywords: TB-MDR Bacteria, Morinda c. Linn (Noni), Anti-TB drugs, Anti-tubercular activity, MIC.

scholarly journals Interleukin gene expression in broiler chickens infected by different Escherichia coli serotypes

2021 ◽  
pp. 2727-2734
Author(s):  
Reham Elnagar ◽  
Rasha Elkenany ◽  
Gamal Younis
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
E Coli ◽  
High Prevalence

Background and Aim: Escherichia coli is the cause of avian colibacillosis, a significant threat to the poultry industry and public health. Thus, this study investigated the prevalence of E. coli in diseased chicken broilers, pathological effects of these bacteria, and interleukin (IL) gene expression of different serotypes of E. coli (O78, O26, O44, and O55) on experimentally infected chickens. Materials and Methods: A total of 295 organ samples (liver, lungs, heart, and spleen) from 59 diseased broiler chickens were used for conventional identification of E. coli. Chickens were orally infected with one of the following E. coli serotypes (O78, O26, O44, or O55) and examined for clinical signs, mortality, macroscopic and microscopic lesions, and IL gene expression using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: E. coli was isolated from 53.2% of broiler chicken organs with a high prevalence in lungs (26.1%). The most prevalent serotypes were O78, O26, O44, O55, O157, and O127 prevalence of 27.8, 22.2, 16.7, 16.7, 5.6, and 5.6%, respectively. In the experimental design, five groups (G1-G5) of birds were established. G1 served as the negative control group, while G2-G5 were challenged orally with E. coli O78, O26, O55, or O44, respectively. Chickens infected with E. coli O78 or O26 showed significant clinical signs in comparison to the other infected birds. Mortality (13.3%) was only observed in birds infected with E. coli O78. Necropsy of dead birds after E. coli O78 infection showed pericarditis, enteritis, airsacculitis, and liver and lung congestion. More severe histopathological changes were observed in intestines, spleen, liver, and lung from chickens infected with either E. coli O78 or O26 than for birds infected with other serotypes. On the 2nd day post-infection, E. coli challenge, particularly with E. coli O78, displayed significantly upregulated levels of ileal IL-6 and IL-8, but ileal IL-10 level tended to be downregulated in comparison to the control group. Conclusion: This study assessed the application of cytokines as therapeutic agents against infectious diseases, particularly colibacillosis.

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