scholarly journals Trauma Healing in Children of Flash Flood Victims in Cimanuk River Garut Regency in September 2016 [Trauma Healing pada Anak Korban Banjir Bandang Sungai Cimanuk Kabupaten Garut Pada September 2016]

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 634
Author(s):  
Iwan Shalahuddin ◽  
Indra Maulana ◽  
Theresia Eriyani
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Safe Place ◽  
Trauma Healing ◽  
Close Relatives

The current Flash floods disaster in Garut Regency precisely on September 20, 2016 starting at 23.00 WIB, which occurred due to overflowing of the Cimanuk river and Cikamiri river resulting in victims of loss of property: houses, property, livestock buried; Loss of lives of the closest people: loss of parents, children, wives, husbands or close relatives; Shock and confusion: Victims usually feel tremendous pressure so they think irrationally and are confused. Actions to deal with these disasters include: Evacuating survivors first to a safe place; Create temporary or permanent refugee barracks; Coordinate with disaster management agencies and hospitals. To overcome one of these problems, trauma healing activities are needed. Purpose of trauma healing Gives the motivation to revive the community, eliminates people's fear and encourages people to return to their normal activities. Methods and strategies are carried out through several stages starting from age classification, exploring understanding, explaining material and games according to local wisdom. The results obtained by all the target communities were so enthusiastic in participating in our trauma healing activities, and the community felt comforted and felt forgotten the trauma that had occurred. There needs to support all related elements in maintaining the results achieved.

scholarly journals Dampak Trauma Healing Terhadap Pertumbuhan Spiritualitas SMGT Jem. Rama Radda Pasca Bencana Banjir Bandang

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristanti Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Spiritual Growth ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Sunday School ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Trauma Healing ◽  
The Church

The study in this journal aims to provide entertainment and support in the form of psychic so that it can reduce the traumatic feeling experienced after the banjir bandang disaster. This trauma healing activity is very much needed and has a very important meaning for the Toraja Church Sunday School (SMGT) Children in the Rama Radda Congregation. For this reason, it is necessary for the Church's efforts to provide assistance in repairing infrastructure that has been damaged by flash floods, especially in handling the trauma experienced by Sunday school children, especially in their spiritual growth, because after all Sunday school children are the next generation of the church. , these children must be able to rise again from the trauma they experienced and be able to resume their lives with faith, hope and make their loved ones proud who died as a result of the flash flood.

scholarly journals A Survey of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System Applications for Flash Floods

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1818
Author(s):  
Lisha Ding ◽  
Lei Ma ◽  
Longguo Li ◽  
Chao Liu ◽  
Naiwen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Flood Disaster ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Time Zone ◽  
Gis Technologies

Flash floods are among the most dangerous natural disasters. As climate change and urbanization advance, an increasing number of people are at risk of flash floods. The application of remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) technologies in the study of flash floods has increased significantly over the last 20 years. In this paper, more than 200 articles published in the last 20 years are summarized and analyzed. First, a visualization analysis of the literature is performed, including a keyword co-occurrence analysis, time zone chart analysis, keyword burst analysis, and literature co-citation analysis. Then, the application of remote sensing and GIS technologies to flash flood disasters is analyzed in terms of aspects such as flash flood forecasting, flash flood disaster impact assessments, flash flood susceptibility analyses, flash flood risk assessments, and the identification of flash flood disaster risk areas. Finally, the current research status is summarized, and the orientation of future research is also discussed.

Using convection-permitting climate models and a high-resolution distributed hydrological model to assess future changes in Alpine flash floods.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjanne Zander ◽  
Pety Viguurs ◽  
Frederiek Sperna Weiland ◽  
Albrecht Weerts
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Flood Frequency ◽  
Climate Dynamics ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
European Climate

<p>Flash Floods are damaging natural hazards which often occur in the European Alps. Precipitation patterns and intensity may change in a future climate affecting their occurrence and magnitude. For impact studies, flash floods can be difficult to simulate due the complex orography and limited extent & duration of the heavy rainfall events which trigger them. The new generation convection-permitting regional climate models improve the intensity and frequency of heavy precipitation (Ban et al., 2021).</p><p>Therefore, this study combines such simulations with high-resolution distributed hydrological modelling to assess changes in flash flood frequency and occurrence over the Alpine terrain. We use the state-of-the-art Unified Model (Berthou et al., 2018) to drive a high-resolution distributed hydrological wflow_sbm model (e.g. Imhoff et al., 2020) covering most of the Alpine mountain range on an hourly resolution. Simulations of the future climate RCP 8.5 for the end-of-century (2096-2105) and current climate (1998-2007) are compared.</p><p>First, the wflow_sbm model was validated by comparing ERA5 driven simulation with streamflow observations (across Rhone, Rhine, Po, Adige and Danube). Second, the wflow_sbm simulation driven by UM simulation of the current climate was compared to a dataset of historical flood occurrences (Paprotny et al., 2018, Earth Syst. Sci. Data) to validate if the model can accurately simulate the location of the flash floods and to determine a suitable threshold for flash flooding. Finally, the future run was used to asses changes in flash flood frequency and occurrence. Results show an increase in flash flood frequency for the Upper Rhine and Adige catchments. For the Rhone the increase was less pronounced. The locations where the flash floods occur did not change much.</p><p>This research is embedded in the EU H2020 project EUCP (EUropean Climate Prediction system) (https://www.eucp-project.eu/), which aims to support climate adaptation and mitigation decisions for the coming decades by developing a regional climate prediction and projection system based on high-resolution climate models for Europe.</p><p> </p><p>N. Ban, E. Brisson, C. Caillaud, E. Coppola, E. Pichelli, S. Sobolowski, …, M.J. Zander (2021): “The first multi-model ensemble of regional climate simulations at the kilometer-scale resolution, Part I: Evaluation of precipitation”, manuscript accepted for publication in Climate Dynamics.</p><p>S. Berthou, E.J. Kendon, S. C. Chan, N. Ban, D. Leutwyler, C. Schär, and G. Fosser, 2018, “Pan-european climate at convection-permitting scale: a model intercomparison study.” Climate Dynamics, pages 1–25, DOI: 10.1007/s00382-018-4114-6</p><p>Imhoff, R.O., W. van Verseveld, B. van Osnabrugge, A.H. Weerts, 2020. “Scaling point-scale pedotransfer functions parameter estimates for seamless large-domain high-resolution distributed hydrological modelling: An example for the Rhine river.” Water Resources Research, 56. Doi: 10.1029/2019WR026807</p><p>Paprotny, D., Morales Napoles, O., & Jonkman, S. N., 2018. "HANZE: a pan-European database of exposure to natural hazards and damaging historical floods since 1870". Earth System Science Data, 10, 565–581, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-565-2018</p>

scholarly journals Assessment of flash floods taking into account climate change scenarios in the Llobregat River basin

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3145-3156 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Velasco ◽  
P. A. Versini ◽  
A. Cabello ◽  
A. Barrera-Escoda
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Extreme Events ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
The Future ◽  
Peak Over Threshold ◽  
Llobregat River

Abstract. Global change may imply important changes in the future occurrence and intensity of extreme events. Climate scenarios characterizing these plausible changes were previously obtained for the Llobregat River basin (NE Spain). This paper presents the implementation of these scenarios in the HBV (Hydrologiska Byråns Vattenbalansavdelning) hydrological model. Then, the expected changes in terms of flash flood occurrence and intensity are assessed for two different sub-basins: the Alt Llobregat and the Anoia (Llobregat River basin). The assessment of future flash floods has been done in terms of the intensity and occurrence of extreme events, using a peak over threshold (POT) analysis. For these two sub-basins, most of the simulated scenarios present an increase of the intensity of the peak discharge values. On the other hand, the future occurrence follows different trends in the two sub-basins: an increase is observed in Alt Llobregat but a decrease occurs in Anoia. Despite the uncertainties that appear in the whole process, the results obtained can shed some light on how future flash floods events may occur.

scholarly journals Designating Appropriate Areas for Determining Potential Rainwater Harvesting in Arid Region Using a GIS-based Multi-criteria Decision Analysis ‏

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abd-el-Kader ◽  
Ahmed Elfeky ◽  
Mohamed Saber ◽  
Maged AlHarbi ◽  
abed Alataway
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Decision Analysis ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
Water Harvesting ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Analysis

Abstract Flash floods are highly devastating, however there is no effective management for their water in Saudi Arabia, therefore, it is crucial to adopt Rainfall Water Harvesting (RWH) techniques to mitigate the flash floods and manage the available water resources from the infrequent and rare rainfall storms. The goal of this study is to create a potential flood hazard map and a map of suitable locations for RWH in Wadi Nisah, Saudi Arabia for future water management and flood prevention plans and to identify potential areas for rainwater harvesting and dam construction for both a flood mitigation and water harvesting. This research was carried out using a spatiotemporal distributed model based on multi-criteria decision analysis by combining Geographic Information System (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS), and Multi-Criteria Decision-Making tools (MCDM). The flood hazard mapping criteria were elevation, drainage density, slope, direct runoff depth at 50 years return period, Topographic witness index, and Curve Number, according to the Multi-criteria decision analysis, while the criteria for RWH were Slope, Land cover, Stream order, Lineaments density, and Average of annual max-24hr Rainfall. The weight of each criteria was estimated based on Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). In multi-criteria decision analysis, 21.55 % of the total area for Wadi Nisah was classified as extremely dangerous and dangerous; 65.29 % of the total area was classified as moderate; and 13.15 % of the total area was classified as safe and very safe in flash flood hazard classes. Only 15% of Wadi Nisah has a very high potentiality for RWH and 27.7%, 57.31% of the basin has a moderate and a low or extremely low potentiality of RWH, respectively. According to the developed RWH potentiality map, two possible dam sites were proposed. The maximum height of the proposed dams, which corresponded to the cross section of dam locations, ranged from 6.2 to 9 meters; the maximum width of dams ranged from 573.48 to 725 meters; the maximum storage capacity of reservoirs, which corresponded to the distribution of topographic conditions in the surrounding area, ranged from 3976104.499 m3 to 4328509.123 m3; and the maximum surface area of reservoirs ranged from 1268372.625 m2 to 1505825.676.14 m2. These results are highly important for the decision makers for not only flash flood mitigation but also water management in the study area.

scholarly journals Flash Flood Susceptibility Assessment Based on Geodetector, Certainty Factor, and Logistic Regression Analyses in Fujian Province, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 748
Author(s):  
Yifan Cao ◽  
Hongliang Jia ◽  
Junnan Xiong ◽  
Weiming Cheng ◽  
Kun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Ensemble Model ◽  
Susceptibility Assessment ◽  
Certainty Factor ◽  
Fujian Province ◽  
Flood Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Maps

Flash floods are one of the most frequent natural disasters in Fujian Province, China, and they seriously threaten the safety of infrastructure, natural ecosystems, and human life. Thus, recognition of possible flash flood locations and exploitation of more precise flash flood susceptibility maps are crucial to appropriate flash flood management in Fujian. Based on this objective, in this study, we developed a new method of flash flood susceptibility assessment. First, we utilized double standards, including the Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) and Geodetector to screen the assessment indicator. Second, in order to consider the weight of each classification of indicator and the weights of the indicators simultaneously, we used the ensemble model of the certainty factor (CF) and logistic regression (LR) to establish a frame for the flash flood susceptibility assessment. Ultimately, we used this ensemble model (CF-LR), the standalone CF model, and the standalone LR model to prepare flash flood susceptibility maps for Fujian Province and compared their prediction performance. The results revealed the following. (1) Land use, topographic relief, and 24 h precipitation (H24_100) within a 100-year return period were the three main factors causing flash floods in Fujian Province. (2) The area under the curve (AUC) results showed that the CF-LR model had the best precision in terms of both the success rate (0.860) and the prediction rate (0.882). (3) The assessment results of all three models showed that between 22.27% and 29.35% of the study area have high and very high susceptibility levels, and these areas are mainly located in the east, south, and southeast coastal areas, and the north and west low mountain areas. The results of this study provide a scientific basis and support for flash flood prevention in Fujian Province. The proposed susceptibility assessment framework may also be helpful for other natural disaster susceptibility analyses.

scholarly journals A GIS-Based Support Vector Machine Model for Flash Flood Vulnerability Assessment and Mapping in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junnan Xiong ◽  
Jin Li ◽  
Weiming Cheng ◽  
Nan Wang ◽  
Liang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Machine Model ◽  
Flood Vulnerability ◽  
Development Processes

Flash floods are one of the natural disasters that threaten the lives of many people all over the world every year. Flash floods are significantly affected by the intensification of extreme climate events and interactions with exposed and vulnerable socio-economic systems impede regional development processes. Hence, it is important to estimate the loss due to flash floods before the disaster occurs. However, there are no comprehensive vulnerability assessment results for flash floods in China. Fortunately, the National Mountain Flood Disaster Investigation Project provided a foundation to develop this proposed assessment. In this study, an index system was established from the exposure and disaster reduction capability categories, and is based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) methods. We evaluated flash flood vulnerability by adopting the support vector machine (SVM) model. Our results showed 439 counties with high and extremely high vulnerability (accounting for 10.5% of the land area and corresponding to approximately 100 million hectares (ha)), 571 counties with moderate vulnerability (accounting for 19.18% of the land area and corresponding to approximately 180 million ha), and 1128 counties with low and extremely low vulnerability (accounting for 39.43% of the land area and corresponding to approximately 370 million ha). The highly-vulnerable counties were mainly concentrated in the south and southeast regions of China, moderately-vulnerable counties were primarily concentrated in the central, northern, and southwestern regions of China, and low-vulnerability counties chiefly occurred in the northwest regions of China. Additionally, the results of the spatial autocorrelation suggested that the “High-High” values of spatial agglomeration areas mainly occurred in the Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangxi, Chongqing, and Beijing areas. On the basis of these results, our study can be used as a proposal for population and building distribution readjustments, and the management of flash floods in China.

scholarly journals Real-Time Measurement of Flash-Flood in a Wadi Area by LSPIV and STIV

Hydrology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood Al-mamari ◽  
Sameh Kantoush ◽  
Sohei Kobayashi ◽  
Tetsuya Sumi ◽  
Mohamed Saber
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Unidirectional Flow ◽  
Real Time Measurement ◽  
Positive Performance ◽  
Image Velocimetry ◽  
Scale Particle

Flash floods in wadi systems discharge large volumes of water to either the sea or the desert areas after high-intensity rainfall events. Recently, wadi flash floods have frequently occurred in arid regions and caused damage to roads, houses, and properties. Therefore, monitoring and quantifying these events by accurately measuring wadi discharge has become important for the installation of mitigation structures and early warning systems. In this study, image-based methods were used to measure surface flow velocities during a wadi flash flood in 2018 to test the usefulness of large-scale particle image velocimetry (LSPIV) and space–time image velocimetry (STIV) techniques for the estimation of wadi discharge. The results, which indicated the positive performance of the image-based methods, strengthened our hypothesis that the application of LSPIV and STIV techniques is appropriate for the analysis of wadi flash flood velocities. STIV is suitable for unidirectional flow velocity and LSPIV is reliable and stable for two-dimensional measurement along the wadi channel, the direction of flow pattern which varies with time.

scholarly journals Application of a distributed hydrological model to the design of a road inundation warning system for flash flood prone areas

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.-A. Versini ◽  
E. Gaume ◽  
H. Andrieu
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Stage Of Development

Abstract. This paper presents an initial prototype of a distributed hydrological model used to map possible road inundations in a region frequently exposed to severe flash floods: the Gard region (South of France). The prototype has been tested in a pseudo real-time mode on five recent flash flood events for which actual road inundations have been inventoried. The results are promising: close to 100% probability of detection of actual inundations, inundations detected before they were reported by the road management field teams with a false alarm ratios not exceeding 30%. This specific case study differs from the standard applications of rainfall-runoff models to produce flood forecasts, focussed on a single or a limited number of gauged river cross sections. It illustrates that, despite their lack of accuracy, hydro-meteorological forecasts based on rainfall-runoff models, especially distributed models, contain valuable information for flood event management. The possible consequences of landslides, debris flows and local erosion processes, sometimes associated with flash floods, were not considered at this stage of development of the prototype. They are limited in the Gard region but should be taken into account in future developments of the approach to implement it efficiently in other areas more exposed to these phenomena such as the Alpine area.

scholarly journals Flash Flood Forecasting Using Support Vector Regression Model in a Small Mountainous Catchment

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wu ◽  
Haixing Liu ◽  
Guozhen Wei ◽  
Tianyu Song ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Regression ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Flood Forecasting ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Phase Lag ◽  
Model Input ◽  
Mountainous Catchment ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Flash Flood Forecasting

Flash floods in mountainous catchments are often caused by the rainstorm, which may result in more severe consequences than plain area floods due to less timescale and a fast-flowing front of water and debris. Flash flood forecasting is a huge challenge for hydrologists and managers due to its instantaneity, nonlinearity, and dependency. Among different methods of flood forecasting, data-driven models have become increasingly popular in recent years due to their strong ability to simulate nonlinear hydrological processes. This study proposed a Support Vector Regression (SVR) model, which is a powerful artificial intelligence-based model originated from statistical learning theory, to forecast flash floods at different lead times in a small mountainous catchment. The lagged average rainfall and runoff are identified as model input variables, and the time lags associated with the model input variables are determined by the hydrological concept of the time of response. There are 69 flash flood events collected from 1984 to 2012 in a mountainous catchment in China and then used for the model training and testing. The contribution of the runoff variables to the predictions and the phase lag of model outputs are analyzed. The results show that: (i) the SVR model has satisfactory predictive performances for one to three-hours ahead forecasting; (ii) the lagged runoff variables have a more significant effect on the predictions than the rainfall variables; and (iii) the phase lag (time difference) of prediction results significantly exists in both two- and three-hours-ahead forecasting models, however, the input rainfall information can assist in mitigating the phase lag of peak flow.

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