scholarly journals Analysis of Sequence Variability and Transcriptional Profile of Cannabinoid synthase Genes in Cannabis sativa L. Chemotypes with a Focus on Cannabichromenic acid synthase

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1857
Author(s):  
Flavia Fulvio ◽  
Roberta Paris ◽  
Massimo Montanari ◽  
Cinzia Citti ◽  
Vincenzo Cilento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Sequence Variability ◽  
Specific Primer ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Cannabidiolic Acid ◽  
High Level ◽  
Final Amount

Cannabis sativa L. has been long cultivated for its narcotic potential due to the accumulation of tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) in female inflorescences, but nowadays its production for fiber, seeds, edible oil and bioactive compounds has spread throughout the world. However, some hemp varieties still accumulate traces of residual THCA close to the 0.20% limit set by European Union, despite the functional gene encoding for THCA synthase (THCAS) is lacking. Even if some hypotheses have been produced, studies are often in disagreement especially on the role of the cannabichromenic acid synthase (CBCAS). In this work a set of European Cannabis genotypes, representative of all chemotypes, were investigated from a chemical and molecular point of view. Highly specific primer pairs were developed to allow an accurate distinction of different cannabinoid synthases genes. In addition to their use as markers to detect the presence of CBCAS at genomic level, they allowed the analysis of transcriptional profiles in hemp or marijuana plants. While the high level of transcription of THCAS and cannabidiolic acid synthase (CBDAS) clearly reflects the chemical phenotype of the plants, the low but stable transcriptional level of CBCAS in all genotypes suggests that these genes are active and might contribute to the final amount of cannabinoids.

scholarly journals The ecological role of Accipitridae vultures in terrestrial landscapes of Azerbaijan

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
T. Karimov ◽  
A. Matsyura
Keyword(s):  
Total Population ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Wild Mammals ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Difficult Terrain ◽  
High Level ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

Scavengers can provide ecosystem services to people by removal of dead animals that could become sources of disease. From such point of view, it seems appropriate to evaluate these benefits in Azerbaijan in quantitative terms. To this end, in 2013, an extensive monitoring was organized in the Turyanchay Reserve, which covers six regions and neighboring territories (the total population here is 640 thousand people). A high level of animal mortality in the Turyanchay Reserve is supported by the concentration of 24 species of wild mammals and 700 thousand domestic animals in the surrounding environment. The difficult terrain area is another factor leading to the death of animals. Animals grazing on hillsides often break down and die. The bodies of domestic and wild animals killed by wolves also often remain lying on this territory. In addition, vehicles traveling along the Agdash-Gabala highway cause the death of many domestic and wild animals. During the two months of the study (from June to July), 62 dead animals were found. Ten kinds of diseases were identified in 38 undecomposed bodies of these animals. Scavengers eat animal bodies in one-three days (without bones), preventing them from becoming a source of infection. The role of necrophages in minimizing of epizootic cases and improving sanitary conditions is important for ecosystems, because the blood of most animals is a carrier of diseases and most of the parasites present in it are common to both humans and animals. Scavengers can be used by veterinary organizations as indicators to simplify the identification of animal bodies and the subsequent disposal of their remains.

scholarly journals Opportunities for Tax Culture Formation of Self-Employed

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
Anna Kireenko ◽  
Mariya Izmailova
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Self ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Culture Formation ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level

Self-employment in Russia characterized by a high level of shadow employment. The special tax regime was designed to carry out this activity from shadow. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of the taxpayers behavior and their tax culture. The purpose of the article is to study the tax culture, factors influencing its demonstration in the taxpayers behavior, as well as to identify the features of tax culture in the field of self-employment. The information base of the article composed documents regulating the activities of self-employed, statistical data on the quantity, structure and dynamics of self-employment in the Russia and other countries, sociological surveys of self-employed. The main difference in the interpretation of tax culture is associated with the definition of its subjects. Therefore, the role of subjective factors in the taxpayers behavior is often overestimated. It is concluded that it is necessary to consider the issue of the tax culture of the self-employed not only from the point of view of their mentality, but first of all from the point of view of the external conditions of their activity. Low and irregular incomes, lack of social guarantees and financial support lead to the formation of the self-employed tax culture in the conditions of «survival». In this regard, actions to improve the tax culture by influencing internal factors are ineffective.

scholarly journals Heritage of Tradition from Avesto: Philosophical Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikrom B. Mirzaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Dignity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Philosophical Analysis ◽  
Philosophical Interpretation ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Universe

The article analyzes the heritage of Avesto from a philosophical point of view and gives a philosophical interpretation of the role of myths. At the same time, special attention is paid to the perception of the structure of the world. The ideas and philosophy of Avesto that have come down to us show that our ancestors who lived in the Zoroastrian era had a high level of worldview and thinking. Even in these distant times, our ancestors are struck by the fact that the deepest thinking, attitude to nature, existence, integrity and integrity of the universe, nature and human dignity, as well as the preservation of the Motherland are the main tasks of mankind.

scholarly journals Revealing the role of school principals in Palestine in activating the school activities and its relation in raising the level of students' achievement: دور مديري المدارس في فلسطين في تفعيل الأنشطة المدرسية وعلاقته برفع مستوى تحصيل الطلبة

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (46) ◽  
pp. 25-1
Author(s):  
Mohammad Omran Salha, Yousef Fahmi Harfoush, Nour Waleed Har Mohammad Omran Salha, Yousef Fahmi Harfoush, Nour Waleed Har
Keyword(s):  
School Principals ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sports Activity ◽  
Student Activities ◽  
School Activities ◽  
Community Institutions ◽  
High Level

The present study aimed at revealing the role of school principals in Palestine in activating the school activities and its relation in raising the level of students' achievement from the teachers’ point of view of the higher elementary stage. To achieve the objective of the study, a questionnaire was developed consisting of (34) paragraphs divided into five areas: cultural and artistic activity, scientific activity, social activity, scout activity, sports activity, and verified its validity and stability, and then distributed to the study sample consisting of (180) teachers, who were chosen in a simple random way, and used descriptive approach in this study, and the results showed the role of school principals in Palestine in activating school activities from the teachers’ point of view came at a high level, The mean of the instrument as a whole was (3.88) The results of the study also showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the average scores of the respondents on the total score, due to the variables of the study (gender, experience, qualification, and specialization). The results also showed a statistically significant positive correlation between the degree of student activity from the teachers’ point of view and the achievement of their students in the primary stage. In the light of the study, Findings the researcher recommended a number of recommendations, including: motivating teachers who work with the student activities for the positive results of the study, and involve the community institutions in student activities.

Interactie-Analyse en Onderwijsvernieuwing

1983 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-49
Author(s):  
Bart van der Leeuw
Keyword(s):  
Classroom Practice ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Classroom Interaction ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Curriculum Innovation ◽  
Innovation Project ◽  
Working Together ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Way

Within the study of interaction in the classroom we might distinguish three perspectives: a linguistic one, one that is related to schoolpolitics and a practical one. Linguists often tend to concentrate only on the linguistic perspective. To restore the balance, in this contribution I'll lay stress on the practical perspective, while the schoolpolitical perspective will figure as significant context. With a "practical perspective" on the analysis of classroom interaction I do not mean to offer a list of instructions which teachers can (or must) apply in their classroom prac-tice, but to create the possibility for teachers to have a meaningful reflection at their own lessons. How this can be done I'll try to show by discussing some aspects of the so called "Paulusproject", a curriculum innovation project which emphazises the role of language in learning processes. Successsively attention will be paid to: - the backgrounds, aims and practice of the Paulusproject: At the St.Pauluslyceum in Tilburg a small group of tea-chers has developped during the last 7 years several pro-grams for various subjects (like history and biology) for pupils of the 7-th form (12,13 years old). In those programs one has tried to achieve an integration of subject teaching and language teaching. the way in which the profeet teachers reflect at their own practice: In the Paulusproject curriculum development has always been closely related to the reflection at the existing classroom practice. This reflection has been made possible by team teaching(a biologist and an Enlish teacher working together in one and the same lesson) and by re-cording the lessons on videotape. In general meetings the project teachers watched these videotapes and made "explorative analysis" of lessons. An example will be given of the way teachers used interaction analysis du-ring such a meeting. an example of practice oriented analysis of classroom interaction: Discussing a few fragments from biology lessons I'll try to show what I mean by an 'explorative' analysis. Although from a linguistic point of view such an ana-lysis may have various hooks and eyes, I'll suggest that for the progress of the project it has been of great value: it can be made rather quick by the teachers themselves and it maintains a high level of liveliness. some general conclusions: With reference to the experience we have had in the Pau-lusproject, I'll conclude with some remarks on interaction analysis, curriculum innovation and the description of innovation.

SELF-GOVERNMENT BODIES ARE A KEY LINK IN THE SOCIAL PROTECTION SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Bekjon Ismoilov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
High Level

The article directly analyzes the powers and activities of local self-government bodies in the field of social protection. The role of mahallas, one of the most important branches of the executive branch,in the way of life of the population has been studied using the existing legal framework. When we evaluate the activities of the communities from the socio-legal point of view, we believe that this system really plays an important role in improving the lives of the population and solving the problems that concern them. At the neighborhood level, people in need of social protection, people with special needs and low-income families are constantly under the care and attention of our state. The role of local self-government bodies in the targeted and targeted use of benefits, financial assistance and other types of social assistance providedby our government to needy families is unique. That is, they are the ones who are most responsible for providing pensions and benefits. In this process, the fulfillment of their duties in full compliance with the principle of socialjustice is a strong guarantee of a high level of public confidence in public policy. The article also provides a comparative analysis of the history of the origin of the concept of neighborhood and the scientific and theoretical views expressed about thissocial structure. In addition, the role of local self-government bodies in public life and public administration has been discussed in detail

scholarly journals Students’ Attitudes at Amman Arab University towards the Pre-Marital Medical Examination and Its Role in Reducing Disability from Their Point of View

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Ahmad Khazaleh ◽  
Tayel Abdel Hafez Hwaidi ◽  
Mo’en Salman Alnasraween ◽  
Heyam Al-Taj
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Medical Examination ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
High Level ◽  
Descriptive Method

The purpose of this study is to identify the attitudes of the students of Amman Arab University toward pre-marital medical examination; it also aims to identify the role of premarital examination in reducing the appearance of disabilities. This study used the descriptive method; the sample of the study consisted of 200 undergraduate and master’s students at Amman Arab University from the different faculties and academic years for the year (2017-2018). The researchers used a questionnaire; it consisted in its final form of 24 items. The results of the study showed that the mean of the total score of the role of the medical examination from the point of view of young people came to a high level; results also showed that there are no differences due to the gender of the student or the type of college.

scholarly journals The role of sustainable marketing in building customer relationships – A field study for a number of engineering and design companies –: دور التسويق المستدام في بناء علاقات الزبون – دراسة ميدانية لعدد من شركات الهندسة والتصميم –

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (25) ◽  
pp. 121-105
Author(s):  
Shahlaa Ali Abd Alhasan Shahlaa Ali Abd Alhasan
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Customer Relationships ◽  
Marketing Ethics ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Sustainable Marketing ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

The study aims to examining the relationship between the dimensions of sustainable marketing represented by ethics and social marketing responsibility and its role in building customer relations through value and customer satisfaction from the point of view of marketers, and launched the importance of research on determining the importance of both marketing ethics and social responsibility in building customer relationships. The research sample included (40) marketing people in a number of engineering and design companies and the questionnaire was adopted to poll the sample opinions. The extracted data was analyzed using a set of computerized statistical analysis tools with a statistical system to test the hypotheses, and the practical side included the most important statistical means the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, correlation, and simple and multiple regression where the research was based On two hypotheses, the first main hypothesis is that there is a statistically significant correlation between sustainable marketing and building customer relationships, and the second main hypothesis is that there is a significant significant impact relationship between sustainable marketing and building customer relationships, The most important conclusions were the high level of awareness of the individuals under consideration of the importance of the sustainable marketing dimensions represented in marketing ethics and social responsibility, as well as focusing on building customer relationships by raising the value of the customer and trying to gain his satisfaction, and based on the results reached, the research set a set of proposals, the most important of which was to raise the level of responsibility Social services in companies with the aim of raising the value of the customer and gaining his satisfaction.

scholarly journals The role of glutathione in detoxification of chromate by Hansenula (Ogataea) polymorpha yeast

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 82-86
Author(s):  
D. V. Fedorovych ◽  
M. T. Yurkiv ◽  
O. M. Kolodii ◽  
O. O. Kurylenko ◽  
D. Grabek-Lejko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hansenula Polymorpha ◽  
Chromate Reduction ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Carcinogenic Activity ◽  
Recombinant Strains ◽  
Environment Problem ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
High Level ◽  
Ogataea Polymorpha

Aim. Chromate is very toxic, displays mutagenic and carcinogenic activity and its pollution poses a serious environment problem. The development of efficient methods for detoxification of this oxyanion is of great importance. For microbial cells, it is known that chromate transported in cells can be reduced to less toxic Cr3+. The most powerful chromate reductants could be glutathione (GSH) or cysteine. The role of GSH in detoxification of chromate by the yeast Hansenula polymorpha was evaluated. Methods. For this purpose recombinant strains with overexpressed GSH2 and MET4 genes and mutant defective in GSH biosynthesis were used. Profiles of GSH and chromium contents as well as rate of reduction of chromate were studied in relation to chromate resistance/sensitivity of the wild- type and mutant yeast strains. Results. High level of GSH in recombinant strains of H. polymorpha slightly changed the sensitivity/tolerance to chromate, but increased the rate of reduction of Cr6+ and reduces the amount of chromium accumulated in the cells. Deletion of GSH2 gene, encoding the enzyme of the first reaction of GSH synthesis, leads to increased sensitivity to the action of chromate. Conclusions. GSH can be considered as an important part of chromate detoxification system in H. polymorpha. Keywords: glutathione, chromium, yeast, chromate reduction, Hansenula (Ogataea) polymorpha.

scholarly journals Minor Cannabinoids of Cannabis sativa L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Johannes Thomas ◽  
Oliver Kayser
Keyword(s):  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Chemical Conversion ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Cannabidiolic Acid ◽  
Definition Of

Cannabinoids from Cannabis sativa L. play an important role as natural products in clinics. The major cannabinoids compromise tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) and its decarboxylated analogs. In this review, we focus on often neglected minor cannabinoids and discuss biosynthetic and chemical degradation routes to other neglected cannabinoids in Cannabis sativa starting from THCA, CBDA and cannabichromenic acid (CBCA). Based on the literature, patents and scientific reports, essential routes for the chemical modification of cannabinoids are discussed to explain chemical diversity chemical conversion and degradation by UV light, as well as temperature and pH leading to the formation of structurally unusual cannabinoids in planta called as minor cannabinoids. Based on known bioorganic reaction schemes and organic chemistry, principles for minor cannabinoid formation like [2+2] cycloaddition, Markonov condensation, radical introduction, or aromatization are discussed. Finally, the non-aqueous environment in Cannabis sativa trichomes is analyzed to clarify their role of a miniaturized bioreactors the light-induced conversion in  a non-aqueous enviroment. The overall objective is to bridge from metabolic profiling via cannabinomics to structural and chemical diversity that allows the definition of patterns with consequences also to pharmacology and plant breeding.

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