scholarly journals Social Demographic Analysis with the Growth and Development of Children in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (G) ◽  
pp. 321-327
Author(s):  
Enny Fitriahadi ◽  
Yesi Priskila ◽  
Endang Koni Suryaningsih ◽  
Yekti Satriyandari ◽  
Wiwit Desi Intarti

BACKGROUND: The golden period is a phase of 0–2 years. The parents must get a thorough stimulation of health, nutrition, parenting, and education. During a pandemic like now, the growth and development of toddlers must still be considered, especially by parents. AIM: Exploring the sociodemographic analysis in term of growth and development of toddler during Covid-19 pandemic. METHODS: Pregnant women and their parents visited at a primary health center in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, with inclusion criteria: (1) Toddlers aged 18–40 months, (2) mothers of all age ranges, (3) not having current disease complications, (4) mothers at all levels of education, and (5) parents at all income types. The sampling technique is total sampling using a questionnaire instrument and the KPSP format. Data processing using Chi-square statistical test. RESULTS: The results of the bivariate analysis found that sociodemographics related to the growth and development of children under 5 were maternal education with p = 0.001 and family income with p = 0.000. The unrelated is the age of the toddler p = 0.156, the mother’s age with p = 0.888, and the mother’s occupation with p = 0.113. CONCLUSION: This study provides essential information as a new approach to improving and determining toddlers’ growth and development during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Author(s):  
Bustanil Bustanil ◽  
Dina Putri Utami Lubis

Background: Cervical cancer is cancer that often happens and that causes of death to women. More than 270,000 deaths of cervical cancer each year in developing countries (WHO, 2014). Objective: To determine the correlation of perception of women in reproductive about cervical cancer with motivation Pap smear in Sapuangin, Srandakan, Bantul, Yogyakarta.Methods: Research methods is used in my research was quantitative research using a descriptive correlation design with cross sectional approach. The population women in reproductive age with the number 46 of sons in Sapuangin, Srandakan, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Sampling technique using saturated purposive sampling. Data collection using the questionnaire. Data analyzed used univariat analysis by fi nding the frequency distribution and bivariate analysis by correlation perception of women in reproductive age about cervical cancer with motivation Pap smear by Chi-Square. Results: Statistical test results obtained using the Chi-Square X 2 result amounted to 13.295> 5.591 X 2 tabel, the value of ρ value of 0,001 (ρ <0.05) and showed that Ha Ho accepted and rejected, meaning there is a perception of women in reproductive age about cervical cancer with motivation Pap smear in sapuangin. 0495 correlation value and signifi cance value of 0.001.Conclusion: There is a relation perception of women in reproductive age about cervical cancer with motivation Pap smear in Sapuangin, Srandakan, Bantul, Yogyakarta


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Layalia Azka Rahmatina

Imunisasi merupakan upaya mengurangi morbiditas dan mortalitas anak, namun masih banyak anak yang belum menerima imunisasi. Angka kematian balita di dunia yang disebabkan oleh penyakit yang bisa dicegah dengan imunisasi (PD3I) mencapai 1,4 juta orang per tahun. Dikhawatirkan PD3I ini dapat menyebar dengan mudah dari anak yang terinfeksi ke anak yang tidak diimunisasi atau tidak memiliki kekebalan terhadap penyakit tersebut. Hal ini berisiko meningkatkan angka mortalitas anak Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan orang tua, terutama ibu, dalam memberikan imunisasi dasar lengkap kepada bayi. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif non eksperimental dengan desain cross sectional. Responden sebanyak 100 orang ibu yang diambil menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan di Kelurahan Meteseh menggunakan kuesioner yang sudah valid dan reliabel. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil: Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa usia, pekerjaan, jumlah paritas, agama , dan pengetahuan ibu tentang Kejadian Ikutan Pasca Imunisasi (KIPI) tidak berhubungan dengan kepatuhan orang tua dalam memberikan imunisasi dasar lengkap pada bayi (p>0,05). Diskusi: Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa kematangan usia ibu tidak selalu berhubungan dengan kepatuhannya dalam memberikan imunisasi dasar. Kepatuhan ini juga tidak berhubungan dengan oleh kesibukan ibu dalam bekerja maupun mengurus anak serta pengalamannya menjadi seorang ibu. Adanya keyakinan pada agama tertentu mengenai imunisasi, serta pengetahuan yang dimiliki ibu mengenai KIPI juga terbukti tidak berhubungan  dengan kepatuhan ibu dalam memberikan imunisasi. Kesimpulan: Faktor demografi ibu tidak senantiasa berhubungan dengan kepatuhannya dalam memberikan imunisasi dasar lengkap pada bayi, namun imunisasi ini tetap perlu diberikan sebagai upaya mengurangi risiko bayi tertular PD3I.    Kata Kunci: ibu, imunisasi, kepatuhan Factors Correlated with Parental Adherence in Providing Complete Basic Immunization  ABSTRACTImmunization is an effort to reduce child morbidity and mortality, but many children still have not received immunizations. The mortality rate for children under five in the world caused by immunization-preventable diseases reaches 1.4 million people per year. It is feared that the immunization-preventable diseases can spread easily from infected children to non-immunized children or have no immunity to the disease. This has the risk of increasing child mortality. Objective: This research aims to reveal the factors related to parents' adherence, especially mothers, in providing complete basic immunization to infants. Methods: This research is a non-experimental quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. Respondents were 100 mothers who were taken using the purposive sampling technique. Data were collected in Meteseh Village using a valid and reliable questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. Results: Bivariate analysis indicated that mother's age, occupation, parity, religion, and knowledge of Adverse event following immunization (AEFI) were not correlated with parental compliance in providing complete basic immunization to infants (p>0.05). Discussion: This research proves that mother’s age is not always correlated with adherence to basic immunization. This adherence is also not correlated with the mother's activities in working or taking care of children and her experience of being a mother. Certain religious beliefs regarding immunization and mother’s knowledge about AEFI are also proven not to be correlated with maternal adherence to giving immunizations. Conclusion: Maternal demographic factors are not always correlated with adherence to providing complete basic immunization to infants, but the immunization still needs to be given to reduce the risk of infants contracting immunization-preventable diseases.Keywords: mother, immunization, adherence


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 08
Author(s):  
Elvi Libunelo ◽  
Yeni Paramata ◽  
Rahmawati Rahmawati

Every year more than 1.4 million children in the world die from variousdiseases that can be prevented by immunization. The purpose of thisresearch was to know the relationship of mother characteristic anddistance of health service to the completeness of basic immunization ininfant in Dulukapa.The type of the study was an analytic survey usingcross sectional study design, sampling technique ie exhautive samplingwhich was a sampling scheme where the researcher token all thesubjects from the population as the samples as many as 150 babies.The analysis was used univariate and bivariate analysis with chisquare test. The proportion of infants who received completeimmunization 92 (61.3%) infants and immunizations did not complete asmany as 58 (38.7%) babies. Using the chi square statistical test showedthat there was significant associated between maternal education (pvalue = 0.002), maternal occupation (p value = 0,000), maternalknowledge (p value = 0,000), health service distance (р value = 0,002)with completeness of immunization base on the baby. To improve thecompleteness of basic immunization in infants, the mother should payattention to infant health and always bring the baby to the immunizationand to the health center and health personnel to further improve healtheducation routinely, especially in the provision of basic immunization.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 367-377
Author(s):  
Sukmawati Eka Suhartiningsih ◽  
Nunuk Nugrohowati ◽  
Aulia Chairani

Background: COVID-19 is a respiratory tract infection caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since its appearance at the end of 2019, COVID-19 cases have continued to increase and their spread has become more widespread. As an effort to prevent COVID-19, the government has socialized the use of masks as an effort to tackle the spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia as a result of WHO recommendations. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes towards the behavior of using masks in the effort to prevent COVID-19 in the community of Gunung Putri District in 2020. Methods and Samples: This research is an analytical study with an observational design and using a cross sectional approach. The sample of this research is 95 respondents. The sampling technique used consecutive sampling with a research instrument, namely google form. Data were analyzed based on the chi-square test. Results: From this study, the bivariate test results obtained from the independent and dependent variables, namely the public attitude variable (p = 0.004) had a relationship with the behavior of using masks, while knowledge (p = 0.340) had no relationship with the behavior of wearing masks. Conclusion: The results of the bivariate analysis of this study indicate that there is a significant relationship between attitudes and the behavior of using masks in the effort to prevent COVID-19 in the people of Gunung Putri District in 2020.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
Kursiah Warti Ningsih ◽  
Dona Martilova ◽  
Ambiyar Ambiyar ◽  
Fadhilah Fadhilah

Increase someone's immunity actively against a disease, so that if one day exposed to the disease will not be sick or only experience minor illnesses need to be immunized. There are so many factors that influence it. As we know, that in society there are still different understandings about immunization, so there are still many babies and toddlers who do not get immunization services. The reasons given by parents regarding this were, among others, because their children were afraid of heat, were often sick, the family did not allow it, the place of immunization was far away, they did not know the place of immunization, and were busy / bothered, added to the current condition with the covid outbreak 19. Objective research is to find out how the mother's compliance with immunization during the pvidemic covid 19 at the Cahaya Bunda Clinic in Pekanbaru. All infants aged 0-12 months were 128 babies as samples with total sampling technique. Bivariate analysis using chi-square, 95% confidence level ((p = 0.05). From the results of the study found that the variables of maternal age, education, occupation, maternal anxiety, and family income towards maternal adherence to immunization during the pvidemic covid 19. It is expected that health workers will provide more education about the importance of immunization during the pandemic, but with covid prevention prevention health procedures 19.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 711-719
Author(s):  
Yenny Aulya ◽  
Suprihatin Suprihatin ◽  
Siti Badriah Ahmad

Background: Based on WHO (Word Health Organization) report, Acute Respiratory Infection is still a major health problem in the world. This disease is a major cause of infectious disease morbidity and mortality worldwide. 59% of the visit rates at Zaenab Medika Clinic is Acute Respiratory Infection. Objective: This study aims to analyze the incidence of Acute Respiratory Infection among infants in Zaenab Medika Clinic district Bekasi.Methodology: This research is an analytic epidemiological study with a cross-sectional study design. The sample in this study were 88 infants. The sampling technique uses accidental sampling technique. The research instrument consisted of questionnaires, luxmeter, rollmeter, KMS. The questionnaire was tested for validity and reliability with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.972. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis, the Chi-Square test to prove whether there was a relationship between variables.Results:  The results of the bivariate analysis, it was that there was one independent variable related to the incidence of Acute Respiratory Infection in infants at the Zaenab Medika Clinic in Bekasi Regency, namely the physical environment of residence with a p value = 0.027. While the unrelated variables are maternal education, exclusive breastfeeding, and nutritional status.Conclusions: There is a Significant relationship between the physical environment of the residence and the incidence of Acute Respiratory Infection in infants. Suggestion Mothers who have babies with Acute Respiratory Infection are expected to pay more attention to the physical environment of the residence in accordance with the home health requirements of the Republic of Indonesia's Ministry of Health. Keywords: Physical environment of residence, maternal education, exclusive breastfeeding, nutritional status ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Berdasarkan laporan WHO (Word Health Organization), Penyakit Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di dunia penyakit ini menjadi penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas penyakit infeksi di seluruh dunia. Sebanyak 59% dari angka kunjungan di Klinik Zaenab Medika adalah penyakit ISPA.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kejadian ISPA pada bayi di Klinik Zaenab Medika Kabupaten BekasiMetodologi: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian epidemiologi analitik dengan desain studi cross-sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 88 bayi. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Instrumen penelitian terdiri dari kuesioner, luxmeter, rollmeter, KMS. Kuesioner telah diuji validitas dan reabilitas dengan nilai koefisien cronbach’s alpha 0,972. Data dianalisis menggunkan analisis univariat dan bivariat yaitu uji Chi-Square untuk membuktikan ada tidaknya hubungan antar variabel.Hasil Penelitian:  Hasil analisis bivariat di ketahui bahwa terdapat satu variabel independen yang berhubungan dengan kejadian ISPA pada bayi di Klinik Zaenab Medika Kabupaten Bekasi, yaitu lingkungan fisik tempat tinggal dengan nilai p=0,027. Sedangkan variabel yang tidak berhubungan yaitu Pendidikan ibu, ASI ekslusif, dan Status gizi          .Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan Signifikan antar Lingkungan fisik tempat tinggal dengan kejadian ISPA pada bayi. Saran Ibu yang memiliki bayi dengan ISPA di harapkan lebih memperhatikan Lingkungan fisik tempat tinggal sesuai dengan persyartan kesehatan rumah kementrian kesehatan republik indonesia. Kata kunci: Lingkungan fisik tempat tinggal, pendidikan ibu, ASI ekslusif, Status Gizi


e-CliniC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie K.I. Tilaar ◽  
Hesti Lestari ◽  
Ari L. Runtunuwu

Abstract: Children are the next generation of a nation, therefore, to achieve a better future, the children must have qualified growth and development. During the infant and toddler stages (0-3 years old), children growth depends on the environment. This stdy was aimed to obtain the risk factors of developmental delay in infant of 9 months old. This was an analytical survey study with a cross sectional design. This study was conducted at Bahu Health Centre in Manado from October until December 2015. Samples were all infants of 9 months old obtained by using consecutive sampling technique. Data were analyzed by using bivariate analysis with the chi square test. The results showed that health care, breast-feeding, and the number of siblings had no relationship with the developmental delay in infant 9 month old (p > 0.05). The family income showed 29.333 times of risk that an infant would have developmental delay (p=0.006) meanwhile low education showed 14.000 times of risk for that (p=0.016). Conclusion: There is a relationship between parent education and family income with the developmental delay in infants of 9 month olds. Keywords: developmental delay, infant 9 month old. Abstrak: Anak merupakan generasi penerus suatu bangsa dan agar tercapai masa depan bangsa yang baik. Untuk mencapai hal tersebut harus dipastikan bahwa tumbuh dan kembangnya juga baik. Pada masa bayi dan masa anak dini (usia 0-3 tahun) terjadi perkembangan bayi sesuai dengan lingkungan yang memengaruhinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko terjadinya keterlambatan perkembangan bayi usia 9 bulan. Jenis penelitian ialah survei analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Penelitian dilakukan di Puskesmas Bahu Kota Manado pada bulan Oktober sampai Desember 2015 dengan populasi semua bayi 9 bulan yang datang di puskesmas. Penentuan sampel menggunakan teknik konsekutif sampling. Analisis data bivariat menggunakan uji statistik chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perawatan kesehatan, pemberian ASI, dan jumlah saudara tidak memiliki hubungan bermakna terhadap perkembangan bayi usia 9 bulan (p>0,05). Pendapatan keluarga berisiko 29,333 kali lebih banyak untuk mengalami keterlambatan perkembangan (p=0,006) dan pendidikan rendah berisiko 14,000 kali lebih banyak untuk mengalami hal tersebut (p=0,016). Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara pendidikan dan pendapatan orang tua dengan keterlambatan perkembangan pada bayi 9 bulan. Kata kunci: perkembangan, bayi 9 bulan


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1167-1172
Author(s):  
Ice Irawati

Setiap pekerjaan hendaknya mengutamakan kesehatan dan keselamatan kerjanya,  salah satu Industri yang perlu diperhatikan adalah industri pipa baja, dalam pengerjaan pipa baja tidak terlepas dari penggunaan las sehingga kecelakaan akibat proses pengerjaan juga sering terjadi seperti masuknya gram pada mata pekerja. Kecelakaan dapat dikurangi apabila pekerja dalam mengoperasikan alat pengelasan dan  alat keselamatan kerja dipergunakan dengan baik dan benar, untuk itu diperlukan pengetahuan yang cukup mengenai K3 nya baik mengenai unsafe condition  maupun unsafe action. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Hubungan Unsafe Action dan Unsafe Condition Terhadap Kecelakaan Kerja (Kemasukan Gram Pada Mata) Pekerja Pengelasan PT X Kota Batam Tahun 2018.Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross Sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 75 orang menggunakan teknik total sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara wawancara menggunakan intrumen kuesioner. Analisa bivariat yang digunakan yaitu chi square.Hasil uji chi square diperoleh nilai p=0,000 disimpulkan ada hubungan antara variabel unsafe condition dengan kecelakaan kerja. Analisis hubungan unsafe action dengan kecelakaan kerja (kemasukan gram pada mata) yang bekerja dengan unsafe action sebanyak 15 (100%) mengalami kemasukan gram pada mata, tidak bekerja dengan unsafe action 11 (18,3%) yang mengalami kemasukan gram pada mata kerja 49 (81,7%) tidak mengalami kemasukan gram pada mata. Hasil uji chi square nilai p=0,000 ada hubungan antara variabel unsafe action dengan kecelakaan kerja (kemasukan gram pada mata). Perlu dilakukan evaluasi mengenai lingkungan unsafe condition salah satunya seperti bekerja di ruang sempit dan bekerja bersamaan agar dapat meminimalisir terjadinya kemasukan gram pada mata.Kata Kunci : Unsafe condition, Action  ABSTRACTEvery job should prioritize health and safety of work, one of the industries that need to be considered is the Steel Pipe Industry, in the construction of steel pipes not separated from the use of welding so that accidents due to workmanship also often occur such as the entry of grams in the eyes of workers. Accidents can be reduced if workers in operating welding equipment and work safety equipment are used properly and correctly, so that sufficient knowledge of K3 is needed, both regarding unsafe conditions and unsafe action. This study aims to determine the relationship of Unsafe Action and Unsafe Condition to Work Accidents (Gram Involvement in the Eyes) of PT X Batam Welding Workers in 2018. This type of research is analytic descriptive with cross sectional approach, namely 75 people using total sampling technique. Data collection techniques by interviewing using questionnaire instruments. Bivariate analysis used is chi squareIn this study chi square test results obtained p = 0,000 concluded that there is a relationship between unsafe condition variables with workplace accidents. The analysis of unsafe action relations with occupational accidents (gram infestation in the eye) that worked with unsafe action as many as 15 (100%) experienced gram intakes in the eyes, did not work with unsafe action 11 (18.3%) who experienced gram ingestion in the workplace (81.7%) did not experience gram entry in the eye. Chi Square test results p value = 0,000 there is a relationship between unsafe action variables with workplace accidents (gram entry in the eye). It is necessary to evaluate the unsafe condition, one of them is working in a narrow space and working together in order to minimize the occurrence of gram intrusion in the eyes.Keyword : Unsafe condition, action


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-124
Author(s):  
Bunga Tiara Carolin ◽  
Jenny Anna Siauta ◽  
Shinta Novelia

Stunting is one of the problems that hinders human development globally. In Indonesia, the incidence of stunting is around 30.8%, Banten Province 36.9% and in Tangerang Regency 38% where this is still far from the target set by WHO, which is 20%. The objective of this study is to identify the analysis of stunting among toddler in Mauk Public Health Center Tangerang District. This was an analytical survey with a case control design. The sample of this study was 132 people consisting of 66 cases and 66 control groups. Quota sampling sampling technique. The research instrument used a questionnaire. Data analysis used chi-square test. The results show that majority of respondents who did not experience stunting was 84.2%, good knowledge of the mother was 55.3%, the mother's height was not short 64.4%, not given exclusive breastfeeding was 51.5%, did not experience LBW was 72.7%, the small number of family members was 57.6%, and a low family income was 64.4%. The results of the bivariate analysis obtained knowledge (p = 0,000), history of exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0,000), number of family members (p = 0,000), family income (p = 0.029), and history of LBW (p = 0.079). The variable most associated with stunting in children under five mong toddlers was maternal height (OR = 6.00). Therefore, it is hoped that health workers will improve the MCH, Family Planning and Nutrition programs to be better in the future, with more emphasis on the stunting locus program (special stunting locations), by increasing the fulfillment of balanced nutrition during the first 1000 days of life.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Noura Azmia Tabah ◽  
Sri Wahyuningsih

Background: Toddler nutritional status is an important thing that must be known by every parent. Special attention needed for the growth and development of the toddler due to the fact that malnutrition during this golden period is irreversible, malnutrition in this period can also affect children's brain development in the future. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine what factors that related to the toddler nutritional status in Posyandu Kelurahan Pangkalan Jati Kecamatan Cinere, Depok city in year 2020. Research Metodes: The design of this study is cross sectional with a sample size 158 respondents who fit the inclusion criteria using a propotional stratified random sampling technique. Results: The result of this study, chi square showed the factors that related to the toddler nutritional status are gender variables (p value = 0.005), exclusive breastfeeding (p value = 0.003), infectious diseases (p value = 0,000), mother's occupational status ( p value = 0.004), mother's education level (p value = 0,000), family income (p value = 0,000), and number of family members (p value = 0.001). The logistic regression test results showed that the factor mostly affected toddler nutritional status in Posyandu Kelurahan Pangkalan Kecamatan Cinere, Depok City is family income (odds ratio 38.844; 95% CI 9.977-151.230). Conclusion: The factor mostly affected toddler nutritional status in Posyandu Kelurahan Pangkalan Kecamatan Cinere, Depok City is family income. Keywords: Family income, gender, exclusive breastfeeding


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