scholarly journals Sustainability of Irrigation through Shallow Wells: A Case Study in Tamilnadu, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 594-597
Author(s):  
J. John Alexander ◽  
S. Sarath Kumar ◽  
N. Kishore Kumar ◽  
J. Vishwa ◽  
B. Sai Ashwin
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
The People ◽  
Shallow Wells ◽  
Population Urbanization

The importance of role of irrigation in developing countries is widely recognized for economic development and food security. It impacts growth of a nation and contribute to the wellbeing of the people. In India, since independence agriculture has been the primary source of income and a major sector employing vast majority of people till date. Shallow wells play a very important role in irrigating vast majority of area as it is affordable to even marginal farmers. Ground water levels have been greatly affected by increase in population, urbanization, growth of industries, consuming level of food and energy demands. It can directly impact the agricultural sector and hence impact economy. This paper analyses the sustainability of such wells through a case study demonstrating the use of statistical methods to derive useful information. The results indicate statistical methods can provide useful insights into the sustainability of shallow wells. Proper management strategies that can lead to sustainability have been suggested.

scholarly journals SCAVENGER SOCIAL EXISTENCE IN MAKASSAR (Case Study Community Scavenger in Tamangapa TPAS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Nursalam Nursalam ◽  
Muhammad Nawir
Keyword(s):  
Primary Source ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Social Existence ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Economic Necessity ◽  
The Village

The purpose of this study was to determine social existence scavenger community in Landfill Waste (TPAS) Tamangapa Makassar. Qualitative descriptive study, the paradigm of post-positivism with the sociological perspective of the community. This research uses observation and interviews. Mechanical analysis is done by means of inductive, analyze the social existence of scavengers in the TPAS Tamangapa community. The results showed that the population of the city of Makassar increasingly growing impact on the production of waste generated. It affects the appearance of the scavenger communities around TPAS Tamangapa, namely Kampung Bontoa, the scavenger community settlement inhabited by indigenous communities Tamangapa; (2). Kassi village, the village community of scavengers is also inhabited by indigenous communities Kassi (the original inhabitants and first) Tamangapa society; (3). Kampung Kajang, a community settlement scavenger that come from outside of Makassar, the people of Kajang from Bulukumba, as well as an informer (primary source) in this study. Because of the need and economic necessity, in order to survive, they had to decide to urban to Makassar city without economic capital and capital skill except reckless capital alone. Initially, they planned to become rickshaw drivers, but suddenly they got the inspiration for scavengers after each day they see the car barge out of the trash at TPAS area not far from the hut. Finally, they agreed to become scavengers with the principle that it is better scavenging (kosher) rather than steal or starve to death.   

scholarly journals Relationship of coping strategy with income by households of farmers cultivating dry land (A case study in food-insecure regency of East Sumba in East Nusa Tenggara)

2021 ◽  
Vol 905 (1) ◽  
pp. 012022
Author(s):  
E W Riptanti ◽  
Masyhuri ◽  
Irham ◽  
A Suryantini ◽  
H Irianto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
The People ◽  
Land Cultivation ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract East Sumba Regency is an area that does not grow enough food to support people’s demands, although the main source of income of the people is from agricultural sector. This article aims at identifying the relationship between coping strategy and income which is applied in the households of farmers cultivated dry land for their livelihood. The samples for this research included farmers in four villages situated in two sub-districts at risks of food shortage. The samples were taken using snowball sampling technique and the data were gathered using interview, observation and recording. Additional information was used to support the findings and crosschecking was carried out with related parties. Coping strategy was applied by the households of farmers cultivating dry land by managing food-crop farming with salome planting pattern. This pattern is one of local wisdoms in muddling through problems of meeting necessities of life. The other strategy is pig-raising, by using keeping pattern which is adapted to the availability of crops resulted from land cultivation and by looking for food source in the forest. This research found that the more households practiced the coping strategy, the more income there will be.

scholarly journals The important determinants of the adoption behavior: a case study of recommended maize production technologies in Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-58
Author(s):  
C.P. Msuya
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Extension Programs ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
The People ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Intervening Factors ◽  
Intervening Variables ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Numerous technologies have been developed in the agricultural sector to facilitate its contribution to the livelihood of the people. However, the adoption of these technologies has been very low or non-existence at all. This paper determined the important factors/variables that determine adoption behaviour. A validated, pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 113 respondents, equivalent to 5 percent of a population selected to represent maize growers in selected villages of Njombe District. The collected data were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) and the linear regression model was used to investigate the influence of the study variables. The study findings show both independent and intervening factors investigated determined the adoption behaviour. However, in all the technologies investigated the intervening factors influenced highly the adoption behaviour. The results presented provide sufficient evidence in supporting the relevance of intervening variables as the most important determinants of the adoption behaviour. The study suggests that emphasis be put on these variables in agricultural extension programs in order to enhance the adoption of technologies by farmers.

scholarly journals Factors affecting communities in adopting sustainable peat cultivation techniques and strategies for implementation (a case study in Pulang Pisau, Central Kalimantan)

2021 ◽  
Vol 917 (1) ◽  
pp. 012022
Author(s):  
S Ekawati ◽  
Sylviani ◽  
Surati ◽  
Ramawati ◽  
Handoyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Source ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Intrinsic Nature ◽  
Land Clearing ◽  
The People ◽  
Cultivation Techniques

Abstract Peatlands have the primary source of livelihood for the surrounding communities, even though peatlands’ cultivation has several limiting factors. Drainage in peat cultivation has the potential to cause fires. Social and economic interests often conflict with ecological interests. The research was conducted in Pulang Pisau District using a semi-participatory approach through field observations, in-depth interviews with key informants, and focus group discussions. The study uses the descriptive qualitative method in the data analysis. The results showed that factors that influence the adoption of sustainable peat management techniques are: i) the introduced technique is following the community’s social and cultural characteristics, but most of the people belong to the early majority and late majority category; ii) the intrinsic nature of the innovation; iii) the absence of collective decision making to implement land clearing without burning and iv) lack of assistance. The study recommended five policy strategy: i) preparing peat-adaptive commodity market; ii) encouraging incentives for implementing non-burning land clearing; iii) coordination and synergy between institutions; iv) selection of superior rubber seed and Cajuput plantation as a substitute for galam, and v) development of participatory agrosilvofishery demonstration plots.

The Local Government of Kulon Progo Regency Innovation in Subduing Capitalism through Community Empowerment

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Muhammad Eko Atmojo ◽  
Helen Dian Fridayani
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
District Government ◽  
The Government

Kulon Progo Regency is one of the districts that has many innovations, one of which is community empowerment in collaboration with a modern shop abbreviated as the shop name owned by the people (tomira). This research was motivated by the achievements of the Kulon Progo district government in carrying out development and innovation in the development of the Kulon Progo region by fully involving the Kulon Progo district community through community empowerment. This initiative was taken by the government of Kulon Progo Regency to improve community empowerment and protect the people of Kulon Progo Regency from various economic threats. Considering that in the past few years many modern shops have mushroomed in each district/city, so this is what makes Kulon Progo Regency move quickly to empower the community by collaborating between MSMEs or cooperative with modern shops. This study uses a qualitative method which case study approach. With the empowerment that has been done, the original products of Kulon Progo Regency or local products can be traded in modern stores so that local products in Kulon Progo Regency can compete with national products in these modern stores. The existence of such cooperation will indirectly improve the image of Kulon Progo Regency and lift the original products of Kulon Progo Regency. The lifting of the original products of Kulon Progo Regency will have a positive impact on the community, where indirectly the economy of the community will increase so that there will be prosperity for the community. Kabupaten Kulon Progo adalah salah satu kabupaten yang memiliki banyak inovasi, salah satunya adalah pemberdayaan masyarakat bekerja sama dengan toko modern disingkat nama toko yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat (tomira). Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pencapaian pemerintah kabupaten Kulon Progo dalam melakukan pengembangan dan inovasi dalam pengembangan wilayah Kulon Progo dengan melibatkan sepenuhnya masyarakat kabupaten Kulon Progo melalui pemberdayaan masyarakat. Inisiatif ini diambil oleh pemerintah Kabupaten Kulon Progo untuk meningkatkan pemberdayaan masyarakat dan melindungi masyarakat Kabupaten Kulon Progo dari berbagai ancaman ekonomi. Menimbang bahwa dalam beberapa tahun terakhir banyak toko-toko modern telah menjamur di setiap kabupaten/kota, jadi inilah yang membuat Kabupaten Kulon Progo bergerak cepat untuk memberdayakan masyarakat dengan berkolaborasi antara UMKM atau bekerjasama dengan toko-toko modern. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, dengan metode yang digunakan adalah dokumentasi. Dengan pemberdayaan yang telah dilakukan, produk asli Kabupaten Kulon Progo atau produk lokal dapat diperdagangkan di toko modern sehingga produk lokal di Kabupaten Kulon Progo dapat bersaing dengan produk nasional di toko modern ini. Adanya kerjasama tersebut secara tidak langsung akan meningkatkan citra Kabupaten Kulon Progo dan mengangkat produk asli Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Pencabutan produk asli Kabupaten Kulon Progo akan berdampak positif bagi masyarakat, di mana secara tidak langsung perekonomian masyarakat akan meningkat sehingga akan ada kesejahteraan bagi masyarakat.

Evaluation of Socio-Economic Conditions of Coldwater Fish Farmers: A Case Study of Sikkim

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-71
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Gini Coefficients ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The People

ABSTRACT The study analyses the socio-economic status, degree of income inequality and perceived socio-economic conditions of the fish farmers of the four districts of Sikkim. A total sample size of 200 fish farmers was selected from the four districts depending upon the presence of the number of farmers in each district. Purposive random sampling method was used and the results were analysed from descriptive statistics such as frequency count and percentages. The degree of income inequality was analysed through Gini coefficients. The factors that determined the perceived socio-economic living conditions were analysed with a logistic regression model. The socio-economic status of the people was found to be in good condition and there were not many variations among the fish farmers of different districts. Most of the respondents had pucca houses with the combination of firewood and LPG as a source of cooking fuel and also had access to basic amenities like electricity, drinking water and sanitation facilities in the households. The study also found that income inequality was not so severe amongst the fish farmers of the three districts except for the East district which had the strongest income inequality. The per capita income, housing condition and ratio of above primary education to total members had a significant impact on the perceived living conditions of the fish farmers. Keywords

KELOMPOK MUSIK REJUNG PESIRAH: STRATEGI ADAPTASI PADA MASYARAKAT PALEMBANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
Dwi Putri Agustini
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Traditional Music ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
The People ◽  
Musical Arrangements ◽  
The Face ◽  
Cultural Modification ◽  
Traditional Arts

The present phenomenon has clearly brought a change and the influence of the development of traditional music in Palembang society, if this is not carefully addressed, it will experience a shift, alienation and even lose its supporters. The rejung pesirah music group is one of the music groups that still maintains traditional arts in the people of Palembang. This study examines how the adaptation strategy of the rejung pesirah music group in dealing with changes and developments in Palembang society. For this reason, the approach used is cultural anthropology with qualitative case study research methods in Palembang. Data collection is done through observation, interviews and document studies that use triangulation techniques as the validation of the data, while for data analysis through content analysis and interactive models. The results showed that the adaptation strategy undertaken by the rejung pesirah music group was an act and creative ability and had a positive mindset, understanding in responding to changes and needs as an impulse to develop in the face of environmental change and development through learning processes and cultural modification, which resulted a creativity that is the creation of songs, musical arrangements, and musical instruments in the rejung pesirah music group.

Investigation of a New Approach to Predict Water Quality Extremes with a Case Study of Chemical Determinands in Stream Water

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
A. J. Jakeman ◽  
P. G. Whitehead ◽  
A. Robson ◽  
J. A. Taylor ◽  
J. Bai
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Hybrid Modelling ◽  
Trend Model ◽  
Environmental Extremes ◽  
Modelling Approach

The paper illustrates analysis of the assumptions of the statistical component of a hybrid modelling approach for predicting environmental extremes. This shows how to assess the applicability of the approach to water quality problems. The analysis involves data on stream acidity from the Birkenes catchment in Norway. The modelling approach is hybrid in that it uses: (1) a deterministic or process-based description to simulate (non-stationary) long term trend values of environmental variables, and (2) probability distributions which are superimposed on the trend values to characterise the frequency of shorter term concentrations. This permits assessment of management strategies and of sensitivity to climate variables by adjusting the values of major forcing variables in the trend model. Knowledge of the variability about the trend is provided by: (a) identification of an appropriate parametric form of the probability density function (pdf) of the environmental attribute (e.g. stream acidity variables) whose extremes are of interest, and (b) estimation of pdf parameters using the output of the trend model.

scholarly journals The “Zero Miles Product” Concept Applied to Biofuel Production: A Case Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 565
Author(s):  
Nikolaj Kaae Kirk ◽  
Clara Navarrete ◽  
Jakob Ellegaard Juhl ◽  
José Luis Martínez ◽  
Alessandra Procentese
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Product Concept ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Production Platform ◽  
High Sugar Content

To make biofuel production feasible from an economic point of view, several studies have investigated the main associated bottlenecks of the whole production process through approaches such as the “cradle to grave” approach or the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) analysis, being the main constrains the feedstock collection and transport. Whilst several feedstocks are interesting because of their high sugar content, very few of them are available all year around and moreover do not require high transportation’ costs. This work aims to investigate if the “zero miles” concept could bring advantages to biofuel production by decreasing all the associated transport costs on a locally established production platform. In particular, a specific case study applied to the Technical University of Denmark (DTU) campus is used as example to investigate the advantages and feasibility of using the spent coffee grounds generated at the main cafeteria for the production of bioethanol on site, which can be subsequently used to (partially) cover the campus’ energy demands.

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