scholarly journals An Algorithmic Approach to Diagnosis and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Children: Iranian Expert’s Consensus Statement

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdollah Karimi ◽  
Sedigheh Rafiei Tabatabaei ◽  
Maryam Rajabnejad ◽  
Zahra Pourmoghaddas ◽  
Hamid Rahimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Consensus Statement ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Algorithmic Approach ◽  
Corona Virus

: After the outbreak of 2019 novel corona virus infection in China, we have the outbreak of disease in Iran and until March 05, 2020 have been reported a total number of confirmed cases more than 3500 and approximately 3.3% deaths. The corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection as a newly emerging disease in East Asia has caused a great challenge in managing the patients and controlling the disease especially in children. This algorithm is based on the standard diagnosis and treatment strategies for pediatric viral infections and available strategies to prevention of COVID-19 infection. It is hoped that with international co-operation, this global dilemma will end with the least burden of disease. Due to the lack of scientific evidences in children, this algorithm is essential for decision making.

scholarly journals Genomic variation and epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 importation and early circulation in Israel

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0243265
Author(s):  
Neta S. Zuckerman ◽  
Efrat Bucris ◽  
Yaron Drori ◽  
Oran Erster ◽  
Danit Sofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Genomic Variation ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Acute Respiratory Disease ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Whole Genomes

Severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which causes corona virus disease (COVID-19) was first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and has since led to a global pandemic. Importations of SARS-CoV-2 to Israel in late February from multiple countries initiated a rapid outbreak across the country. In this study, SARS-CoV-2 whole genomes were sequenced from 59 imported samples with a recorded country of importation and 101 early circulating samples in February to mid-March 2020 and analyzed to infer clades and mutational patterns with additional sequences identified Israel available in public databases. Recorded importations in February to mid-March, mostly from Europe, led to multiple transmissions in all districts in Israel. Although all SARS-CoV-2 defined clades were imported, clade 20C became the dominating clade in the circulating samples. Identification of novel, frequently altered mutated positions correlating with clade-defining positions provide data for surveillance of this evolving pandemic and spread of specific clades of this virus. SARS-CoV-2 continues to spread and mutate in Israel and across the globe. With economy and travel resuming, surveillance of clades and accumulating mutations is crucial for understanding its evolution and spread patterns and may aid in decision making concerning public health issues.

scholarly journals Analisis Kebijakan Penanganan Wabah Covid-19: Pengalaman Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-270
Author(s):  
Leo Agustino
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The Government ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Weak Coordination

This article discusses the efforts of the Indonesian Government in handling the outbreak of Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19). The handling strategies assessed by understanding the efforts, steps, and policies formulated and implemented by the government while the analysis used a deliberative policy analysis approach was used. This approach analyzes the narratives and arguments of the authorities to understand the decision making and policy implementation. The research used a qualitative approach by utilizing descriptive analysis methods. Then the data collection technique used literature studies. The findings found that, first, negative narratives and the slow response of the government. Before COVID-19 approached Indonesia, narratives delivered by the elite government showed that there was no sense of crisis so that it slow-down decision making. Second, weak coordination, especially between the central government and regional governments. This asynchronous coordination created uncertain handling for the control of Coronavirus. Third, citizen ignorance or disobey government instruction. The impact is, the handling effort has stalled because it is not supported by the wider community. The combination of these three factors complicates the government's efforts to control the outbreak of COVID-19 in Indonesia. Keywords: Indonesia, COVID-19, Coronavirus, Handling, Policy Abstrak Artikel ini mendiskusikan mengenai upaya Pemerintah Indonesia dalam menangani kasus penyebaran virus korona (Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19). Dengan memahami upaya, langkah, dan kebijakan yang diformulasi dan diimplementasikan oleh pemerintah maka dapat dinilai strategi penanganan tersebut. Untuk menganalisis kasus ini, pendekatan deliberative policy analysis digunakan. Pendekatan ini menganalisis narasi dan argumentasi pihak berwenang untuk memahami pembuatan keputusan dan pelaksanaan kebijakan. Penulisan artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan memanfaatkan metode deskriptif analisis. Sementara itu, teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan yang memanfaatkan buku, artikel jurnal, surat kabar, berita online, serta website lembaga-lembaga otoritatif. Temuan penting dari tulisan ini adalah, pertama, narasi negatif dan lambannya respons pemerintah atas penyebaran COVID-19. Narasi-narasi yang disampaikan oleh elite politik sebelum COVID-19 masuk ke Indonesia menunjukkan nihilnya perasaan adanya krisis (sense of crisis) yang mengancam sehingga memperlambat pengambilan keputusan. Kedua, lemahnya koordinasi antar-stakeholder, khususnya antara pemerintah pusat dan pemerintah daerah. Ketidaksinkronan koordinasi ini mengakibatkan pengendalian virus korona menjadi terkatung-katung. Ketiga, ketidakacuhan atau ketidakpatuhan warga atas himbauan pemerintah. Impaknya, upaya penanganan menjadi tersendat karena tidak didukung oleh masyarakat luas. Kombinasi dari ketiga faktor inilah yang memperumit upaya pemerintah untuk mengendalikan penyebaran COVID-19 di Indonesia. Kata Kunci: Indonesia, COVID-19, Virus Korona, Penanganan, Kebijakan

HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN CORONA VIRUS TERHADAP PERILAKU 3M (MENGGUNAKAN MASKER, MENJAGA JARAK, DAN MENCUCI TANGAN) PADA MAHASISWA STIKES TELOGOREJO

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Prita Adisty Handayani ◽  
Swanny Trikajanti W.A ◽  
Sri Hartini M.A
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Online Learning ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Student Knowledge ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Offline Learning ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

Introduction: The Corona Virus pandemic has resulted in the formation of a policy on online learning which is likely to start gradually in 2021 for the implementation of offline learning again. Students' understanding of the Corona Virus and the application of 3M (using masks, maintaining distance and washing hands using soap) is very important to prevent the rate of transmission of the virus. So it is necessary to measure students' knowledge about Corona Virus on 3M's behavior before offline learning begins with the hope that when offline learning opens, students will understand Corona Virus and be able to behave 3M properly. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze whether there is a relationship between the level of knowledge about Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) and 3M behavior among students at STIKES Telogorejo Semarang. Methods: The design of this study is quantitative descriptive analytic. The number of samples used is 90 students where students will fill out 2 questionnaires, namely about Corona Virus knowledge and 3M behavior via google form. Results: The results in the study showed that the level of student knowledge was 97.8% in the good category and the implementation of 3M's behavior was 98.9% in the good category with a p.value of 0.000, so it can be concluded that there is an influence of the level of student knowledge on 3M behavior. Conclusion: Knowledge plays an important role in determining complete behavior because knowledge will form beliefs which in turn will perceive reality, provide a basis for decision making and determine behavior in a particular situation.

scholarly journals ROLE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY IN COVID-19 PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Abhijit Diwate
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Productive Cough ◽  
State Council ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Respiratory Conditions

Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 is a new corona virus that was first identified in Wuhan city of China in December 2019. In the wake of COVID 19 affecting India, the worst affected is the state of Maharashtra accounting for one third of all cases in the country.  Physiotherapy is beneficial in the treatment and physical rehabilitation of patients with COVID-19. Patient presenting with productive cough and with underlying respiratory conditions benefit from the Physiotherapy.  “Expert consensus and recommendation for Physiotherapy management for COVID 19 in Indian set up” guidelines approved by Maharashtra State Council for Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Mumbai will help physiotherapists in decision making and treatment planning.  

scholarly journals Assessment of knowledge and practices of urban population regarding COVID-19: a cross-sectional study in Bikaner, Rajasthan

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 3095
Author(s):  
Shatrughan Pareek ◽  
Narendra Kumar Kaushik ◽  
Diwakar Verma ◽  
Anupam Pareek ◽  
Yashawant Ramawat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
And Gender

Background: Corona virus disease (COVID-19) is declared pandemic by the WHO.  It is a very contagious disease. The global mortality rate of Corona virus disease is around 3.1%. The study was conducted with aim to assess the knowledge and practices towards Corona virus disease among urban population. Awareness towards the disease is important for prevention and control.Methods: The research design was community based descriptive cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in selected urban communities of Bikaner district, Rajasthan. A structured knowledge questionnaire and Practice scale were distributed to subjects from March 2020 to April 2020. In present study, 327 subjects were included in the study by random sampling technique. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 22.0.Results: In the present study, 56.27% were male and 43.73% were female. Nearly 70% participants were graduate and above in educational status. In present study, mostly subjects (76%) have average to good knowledge and practice towards COVID-19. Finding of the study suggests that there was a weak correlation between knowledge and practices of urban people towards corona virus infection. The correlation was not significant (p value=0.1976) at 0.05 level of significance. The study also revealed that knowledge has association with only educational qualification and gender shown association with practices of urban population.Conclusions: Knowledge and practices among population towards the disease are crucial to minimize morbidity and mortality due to the disease. The people have knowledge towards corona virus infection but they are not implementing it into practice. 

scholarly journals Literature Review of Epidemiological Phenomena: Corona Virus Disease Pandemic 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yarmaliza Yarmaliza ◽  
Teungku Nih Farisni ◽  
Fitriani Fitriani ◽  
Zakiyuddin Zakiyuddin ◽  
Fitrah Reynaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Type ◽  
The City

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or Corona virus is a new type of coronavirus that is transmitted to humans. Corona virus infection called COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019) was first discovered in the city of Wuhan, China at the end of December 2019. Until March 2, 2020, more than 80 thousand confirmed cases have been reported in China. Of these cases, 49 thousand were identified in Wuhan City. Epidemiologically, the spread or distribution of this disease has a wide social and economic impact on the world. Many literature studies about the COVID-19 outbreak, such as causes, natural history of the disease, even to the preventive and medical treatment. Since the end of 2019 until April 2020, there have been many published literature or literature studies at both national and international levels, so this paper aims to examine literature studies related to COVID-19.

scholarly journals A community based cross-sectional study: perception of adults about corona virus disease (COVID-19) in North India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 644
Author(s):  
Ramesh Verma ◽  
Vinod Chayal ◽  
Meenakshi Kalhan ◽  
Kapil Bhalla ◽  
Rohit Dhaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
North India ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
First Case

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by a novel virus SARS Coronavirus- 2 (SARS-CoV-2). First case of this infection was reported in December 2019 in Wuhan city of China and after that it spread globally. WHO declared it as a pandemic when the infection was reported from all six WHO regions.Methods: The study was community based cross-sectional designed and was carried out in an urban slum of Rohtak before the first lockdown was announced in India. The study recruited 400 adults of age 18-50 years.Results: In the study, 90% of subjects had heard of corona virus infection and majority of source of information was television and peer group. The association between socio-demographic characteristics like literacy and caste with knowledge about corona virus infection was found statistically highly significant but this association in gender and age was not found no statistically significant.Conclusions: The study concluded that majority of subjects had heard about COVID-19 and majority knew the correct mode of transmission.  Most of the study subjects knew that wearing face mask and frequently hand washing are the only preventive measures available against COVID-19.

Immunological response of the respiratory tract in the SARS-CoV-2 infection

Coronaviruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjiv Singh ◽  
Punita Aggarwal ◽  
Velayutham Ravichandiran
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Adaptive Immune System ◽  
Immunological Response ◽  
Immunological Responses ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Maximum Protection

: Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a contagious pathogen responsible for the ongoing corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The pathogenesis and immunological response of SARS-CoV-2 infection is poorly understood until now. After a person is infected by SARS-COV-2 immunity is compromised as both innate and adaptive immunity is playing a major role in the same. The host innate immune system forms the first layer of defense for protection from viral infections and initiates activation of the adaptive immune system in order to give maximum protection. In order to protect from tissue damage and diseases, the respiratory tract maintains the balance of T cell, B cell pro- and anti-inflammatory responses. In this review, we discuss the current update in our understanding of the involvement of the immune system in the antiviral defense against SARS-CoV-2. These novel insights at the respiratory tract immunological responses may support the future development of vaccines and immunoregulatory therapy for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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