scholarly journals Analysis of the fundamental principles of international law impacting oil and fat products trade

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-23
Author(s):  
Daria Antonova ◽  
Aleksandr Igorevich Kontorin
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
International Law ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Research Subject ◽  
Trade Regimes ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Processed Products

There are principles and restrictions of the international trade influencing not only the export potential of the country, but also its internal market and food security. The object of research is foreign economic activity connected with the export of raw materials and processed products of the oil and fat industry. The research subject is the fundamental trade principles of the WTO which can have an impact on the volumes of export of the oil and fat industry established by the Federal project “Agricultural products export”. The authors consider trade regimes and principles common for all member-states, and the relatively recent changes in export financing. In the Russian Federation, the complex agricultural products export support system is functioning. This system is included in the National project “International cooperation and export”, and the project “Agricultural products export” is part of it. Within the federal project, various instruments of exporting agriculture producers support are used, both of financial and non-financial nature, which are implemented via various institutes for development. The key factor of the topical character of this research is the restriction of agricultural products export financing and the provision of Russia’s food security. The authors analyze tariff regulation of oil and fat products trade and formulate the variants of development of this sector.   

scholarly journals IMPORT SUBSTITUTION AS A CONDITION FOR FOOD SECURITY

2017 ◽  
pp. 109-112
Author(s):  
Барсегян ◽  
Naira Barsegyan ◽  
Шинкевич ◽  
Aleksey Shinkevich
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Private Households ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Competitiveness Of Enterprises ◽  
Production Industry ◽  
Crop And Livestock Production

The strategy of import substitution is aimed at increasing the competitiveness of enterprises by replacing imported goods with domestically produced goods. In modern conditions import substitution policies must be implemented at both the national and regional levels. Tatarstan produces 4.7% of the agricultural products and holds leading positions in the country for the production of the main types of crop and livestock production. 47.9% of the production industry products is provided by agricultural organizations, 46.5% - by private households, and the rest 5.6% - by peasant (farmer’s) economy. Agriculture of the Republic of Tatarstan has an export potential. During 2012-2014 the export of foodstuffs and agricultural raw materials increased by 11%, while imports during the same period decreased by 34.4%. The trade balance has decreased to 3.6% for 2010-2014, but mostly remains positive. The program “Development of agriculture and regulation of markets of agricultural products, raw materials and food in the Republic of Tatarstan for 2013-2020 at the regional level in the field of import substitution. The program will help to increase agricultural production and will provide food for the population of rational standards, defined by Doctrine of food security of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Social and Economic Potential of Reclamation Development of Agroindustrial Complex of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 03018
Author(s):  
А.А. Ugryumova ◽  
М.P. Zamakhovsky ◽  
О.Yu. Grishaeva ◽  
L.Е. Pautova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Agroindustrial Complex

The article presents the modern legal framework for the restoration and development of the land reclamation industry in the Russian Federation; specifics of the implementation of the State Program for the Development of Agriculture and the regulation of markets for agricultural products, raw materials and food, considering the implementation of the departmental program "Development of the Land Reclamation Complex of the Russian Federation". The formulation and content of the concept of the socio-economic potential of amelioration of the country have been concretized, which made it possible to identify the target orientation of such private potentials of the industry as: resource, innovation and technical, investment and entrepreneurial, economic, regulatory, social and personnel and information and digital. The classification of factors influencing the social and economic potential of land reclamation in the Russian Federation was substantiated and the relationship between the leading groups of these factors, focused on the financial and investment potential of agricultural producers, government support and the level of demand for agricultural products, was visualized. The official documents are detailed, which allow to manage the personnel potential of the industry, as the most important component of its reclamation potential. Sectoral guidelines for the development and formation of ameliorative potential at the federal level and the importance of regional programs for the development of rural areas are outlined. In the course of the study, it was revealed that there was no relationship in the regulatory documents on the formation and development of the potential of the reclamation industry of the agroindustrial complex, and it was concluded that it was necessary to improve the mechanisms of regulatory and methodological tools.

scholarly journals Legal substantiation of retaliatory measures of the Russian Federation to economic sanctions of the United States, European Union, and their allies

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-37
Author(s):  
Larisa Yur'evna Dobrynina ◽  
Anna Viktorovna Gubareva
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
International Law ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Economic Sanctions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
The Russian Federation

The authors examine the economic sanctions introduced nu the U.S., EU and their allies against the Russian Federation, as well as the legal mechanism of retaliatory measures taken by Russia on the nationwide scale. The changes in the international legal regulation derailed the vector of global development, which was bringing real freedom of economic activity. Establishment of the sanction regime by the aforementioned parties signifies a struggle for own influence, weakening of the positive trade and economic ties, as well as an attempt to institute a regime of protectionism within the international trade turnover exclusively for their own benefit. Based on the analysis of the normative-legal documents, an assessment is made on the legal legitimacy of the introduced discriminatory measures of the allies from the perspective of the norms of international law. This article presents the analysis of the positions of federal laws and other legislative bills of the Russian Federation, establishing gradual constraining countermeasures for foreign subjects in various spheres of activity. The authors substantiate the fact that introduction of retaliatory economic sanctions by the Russian Federation with regards to the United States, European Union, and their allies is directly related to the implementation of the principle of reciprocity, currently existing within private international law. It is noted that all these actions on protection from illegitimate sanctions are realized by Russia practically without participation of UN, WTO and other reputable international organizations in regulation of the “sanctions” issue. The extraterritorial measures introduced by the United States and the European Union justifies the movement of Russian into a new stage of evolution of legal regulation of the foreign economic activity, and in foreign trade – establishment of new markets in Asia, Africa and Latin America.

scholarly journals The terms of trade for agricultural and food products, 1951-2000

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Serrano ◽  
Vicente Pinilla
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Real Price ◽  
Secular Decline ◽  
Processed Products

AbstractThis study aims to answer whether empirical records confirm the existence of a secular decline in the terms of trade affecting primary producers (the Singer–Prebisch hypothesis). The paper analyses the evolution of the terms of trade for agricultural and food products in the second half of the 20thcentury. We obtain sixty new real price indices for internationally traded agricultural products. We conclude, from a long-term perspective, that the deterioration in the terms of trade for agricultural and food products was strong and clear in the second half of the last century. In general, less processed products suffered a very heavy fall in their real prices. However, there was no continuous and persistent deterioration in the terms of trade either as a whole or for the great majority of the agricultural and food product groups (with the exception of natural rubber, textile fibres and other raw materials). Rather, this deterioration occurred in stages.

scholarly journals APPLYING INNOVATIONS IN THE AIC AS A METHOD TO INCREASE FOOD SECURITY OF RUSSIA

2018 ◽  
pp. 7-20
Author(s):  
V. G. Shafirov ◽  
I. V. Penkova
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
State Administration ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
State Subsidies ◽  
Procurement System

There has been investigated the innovative component of the agro-industrial complex as a key factor to ensure food security of the Russian Federation. Basing on statistical data, there have been analyzed the current situation and results of production in the Russian agro-industrial complex. There has been revealed the influence of the innovative component of the agro-industrial complex ensuring the country’s food security. It is proved that agriculture can fulfill the tasks assigned to it, only if it is surrounded by an economic and legal environment, which takes into account the necessary completeness, the inherent differences. It is substantiated that the integrated system of agricultural assessment should be at the center of attention of the state administration and be implemented not sporadically, but permanently, in accordance with the demand for agricultural products. The grain farming can become a promising export resource under certain conditions such as reorganizing radically the procurement system, improving warehouse and transport infrastructure, saving seed material and reaching price parities for agricultural products and the means of their production. The necessity of applying state co-financing as the main form of state support for innovative development is substantiated. In the long term, the agricultural industry will be profitable and it will be able to function mainly without state subsidies.

scholarly journals Research on Assessing the Potential for Mountain Certification of Bistra Village, Romania

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Avram FITIU ◽  
Calin VAC
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
European Regulations ◽  
Processed Products

The quality of mountain products represents a competitive advantage for the area of Bistra village, Alba county, Romania. Each mountain product comes as a result from raw materials from mountain areas and in the case of processed products, processing takes place in the mountain region. This paper aims to investigate ways to obtain mountain certification for products from this area, so it could promote agro-food products as a lever for sustainable development, that ensure economic activity. This study randomly analyze several farms in Bistra village in terms of specific indicators for mountain certification. The method used in this study is analyzing in terms of socio-economic, territorial, environmental and economic indicators. After a complex analysis of the specific indicators, results show that the Bistra village, brings together the criteria relating to mountain certification, according to the European Regulations, improving the sustainable development of the area. The main conclusion of this study is that in the current economy it is necessary to create added value for mountain products as part of a narrower niche, in order to preserve high competition and higher prices on the market, so that these farms could face competition over time.

scholarly journals The food security as a priority area of russian policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
Alexander Dmitrievich Aseev ◽  
Irina Konstantinovna Shcherbakova ◽  
Natalia Vladimirovna Blinova ◽  
Alexey Alexandrovich Romanov ◽  
Oleg Yuryevich Akhshian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
National Security ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
The Status ◽  
Interstate System ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Stability

The purpose of the study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current state of food security in the Russian Federation and identify existing problems in this area, since this problem is more relevant than ever in Russia, given the complex socio-political situation. Used in the work: a system approach (considering food security as an essential element of national security), situational and functional (considering the monitor changes the status of food security as a information technology management), statistical monitoring (provides guidance to build predictive judgments), qualitative (proclaims the need for multi-criteria diagnosis of food security). as well as formal logical and dialectical methods of cognition. Formal-legal and comparative-legal methods of cognition were used as private-scientific methods. The normative base of the study is the national security Strategy of the Russian Federation, as well as the food security doctrine Of the Russian Federation. The study of the state of food security in Russia shows that the Russian Federation has formed an integral system for maintaining this sphere at the proper level. The analysis allows us to conclude that, despite the sanctions imposed on Russia, the system of public administration in General allows us to regulate processes in the food sector and provide the population with basic agricultural products. The guarantee of achieving food security is the stability of domestic production, as well as the availability of necessary reserves and stocks. In this regard, it can be argued to some extent that the food security system operates with a sufficient level of efficiency. At the same time, the sanctions and anti-sanctions imposed have created a number of obstacles to the normal functioning of the interstate system for the exchange of agricultural products.

scholarly journals Experience of biotechnology method applications in meat processing industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00197
Author(s):  
Maksim M. Danyliv ◽  
Olga A. Vasilenko ◽  
Olga N. Ozherelyeva ◽  
Ekaterina B. Stanislavskaya
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
The Russian Federation

Nowadays one of the main regulatory documents governing the future of food production in Russia is the “Food Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation” formulated in order to implement the state economic policy in the field of ensuring food security of the Russian Federation, aimed at reliable provision of the country’s population with food products, the development of domestic agricultural and fishery complexes. In the past 40 years, the use of nano- and biotechnologies in the processing of animal and fish raw materials has been widely developed. A large number of scientific studies are aimed at biotechnology method applications in the production of meat products, in particular the use of enzyme proteolytic preparations. The aim of the research presented in this article was to study the dynamics of the hydrolysis of water-, saltand alkali-soluble fractions of low-grade beef and lamb proteins with Megaterin, an enzyme preparation of animal origin. The fulfilled studies allow more precise approach to the use of enzyme preparations for the processing of basic raw materials by the meat industry.

Integrated agro-industrial park as a promising model for the development of agriculture in Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
Nina G. Gavrilova ◽  
◽  
Rafail R. Mukhametzyanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Industrial Park ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
Rural And Urban

Integrated agro-industrial parks (IAIP) – is a new economic model, driven by the need to facilitate modernization and advancement of agriculture and to help developing countries carry out the structural transformation of the industry and commercialize it. In Africa, the first country to start implementing IAIP was Ethiopia, which already had experience at that time in the construction of industrial parks specializing in the production of manufactured goods. Ethiopia faces problems common in Africa’s agriculture: unequal incomes of rural and urban residents, high unemployment and poverty, low food security, underdeveloped agricultural infrastructure, limited opportunities for small farmers to centrally and profitably deliver their products with minimal losses, etc. All these problems can be solved through the introduction of IAIP. Ethiopia has also set itself the goal of competing in the increasingly globalized agribusiness market and needs to provide an enabling environment for the establishment and growth of agribusiness firms. In 2016, the country hosted the first International Agro-Industry Investment Forum, where investment projects of 4 startups were presented. Three of them were opened in February, March and May 2021 and focused on the production, sorting, processing, acquiring and other activities related to adding value to agricultural raw materials. The goals of creating IAIPs were not only to increase the production of agricultural products and enhance food security, but also to expand the volume and range of exported products, as well as to increase the production of agricultural products with added value. Several other African countries were inspired by the example of Ethiopia, and now the discussion of the possibility of establishing an IAIP is underway as part of the creation of a common agro-industrial park in Zambia and Zimbabwe.

scholarly journals Modern approaches to storage and effective processing of agricultural products for obtaining high-quality food products

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 539-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Galstyan ◽  
L. M. Aksyonova ◽  
A. B. Lisitsyn ◽  
L. A. Oganesyants ◽  
A. N. Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Food ◽  
The Russian Federation

In the modern world, the problem of providing the population with high-quality food products is reaching a critical point due to the increase in the population of the planet, mediated by an influence on the growth of food consumption; globalization processes, thereby contributing to fundamental changes in the structure and patterns of nutrition i.e., insufficiently effective principles of agricultural raw materials processing, etc. Today, food independence is a strategic component of a country's security, which is enshrined in a number of regulatory documents, including: the Doctrine of Food Security of the Russian Federation; the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation; the Strategy for Improving the Quality of Food Products in the Russian Federation until 2030; and, others. The stated goals are: updating the priority tasks of group and individual products identification, including on biological and geographical features; unification of evaluation criteria and objective principles for expanding their field; traditional technologies transformation, the potential of which doesn't have the possibility of unlimited replication, etc. It is predicted that the growth of production volumes, processes and consumption systems optimization will be based on the application of a number of basic principles: “lifetime” formation of raw materials composition and properties; development of highly efficient production technologies and deep processing of agricultural products; implementation of algorithms for structuring logistics, storage and processing/disposal of food and waste; increasing energy efficiency of production processes, etc. At the same time, the strategic vectors of technology development are specialized and personalized nutrition, cross-border cooperation, food quality and safety, minimization of negative environmental impact, traceability of the food chain “from field to consumer,” etc. A priori, to achieve all this it will require the introduction of widespread modern technologies, including digital ones, as well as the modernization of traditional and the creation of new methodological and process decisions.

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