Analysis Of The Environmental And Health Impacts Of The Area Affected By Tofu Liquid Waste In The Tofu X Home Industry In Pangkalan Kerinci Barat Village In 2020

Home Industry Tofu X Established in 2002 and this business has existed from generation to generation until now. Tofu is a food made from fermented soybeans and extracted the juice. In general, the process of making tofu includes soaking soybeans for several hours, milling soybeans, boiling the results of milled soybeans, filtering, clumping soybean slurry using vinegar, molding and cutting. In the tofu industrial wastewater, there are organic materials in the form of 40-60% protein, 25-50% carbohydrates and 10% fat. If it is increasing, the volume will increase. The purpose of this study is to determine the Environmental and Health Impact Analysis of the Affected Areas of Tofu Liquid Waste in the Home Industry Tofu X Pangkalan Kerinci Barat Urban Village in 2020. This type of research is qualitative analytic by conducting in-depth interviews and direct observation. as well as laboratory tests for parameters BOD, COD and DO. The result of this research is that the waste treatment process has not been implemented in accordance with KepMenLH No. 51 of 1995 concerning the quality standard of liquid waste for tofu home industry. So that the resulting tofu wastewater is discharged directly into the pipelines leading to the river with BOD, COD and DO content which have not met the water quality standards set by the government PP No. 82 of 2001 and causing the river to be polluted, emitting a pungent odor and disturbing the comfort of the surrounding community. So a wastewater treatment plant (IPAL) is needed to treat water before it is discharged into the waters.

Fruit Volatile Fingerprints Characterized among Four Commercial Cultivars of Thai Durian (Durio zibethinus)

Ripe durian fruits produce unique volatiles of pungent odor comprising esters, alcohols, ketones, and sulfur-containing compounds. Recently, “Chanthaburi 1” hybrid bred from 2 famous commercial cultivars of “Chanee” and “Monthong” claimed to be less fragrant during ripening, but there was no report. The present study compared the volatile profiles from 3 Thai commercial cultivars of “Kanyao,” “Chanee,” and “Monthong” compared to “Chanthaburi 1”, and the relationships of the cultivars were organized using the volatile fingerprints. Out of 41 volatile compounds detected by SPME/GC-MS in ripe durian flesh, 33 compounds were esters, but only 14 esters were found in “Chanthaburi 1.” Ripe flesh of most durian cultivars contains ethyl-2-methyl butanoate and ethyl hexanoate as the active volatiles. “Chanthaburi 1” contained fewer components with low odor activity value (OAV) of the volatiles. “Chanee” ripe flesh exhibited the strongest durian smell among the four varieties, whereas “Monthong” exhibited a strong apple-like fruity odor and “Kanyao” was more green fruity. Diethyl disulfide and 3, 5 dimethyl-1, 2, 4-trithiolane contributing pungent smells of garlic or onion were found only in “Chanthaburi 1” and “Monthong.” In terms of detected volatiles, “Kanyao” and “Chanee” were highly close when “Monthong” was apart. PCA analysis revealed that “Chanthaburi 1” contained ester compounds ancestrally related to the parents, “Chanee” in the component I and “Monthong” in the component II. These data could be beneficial for managing the status of Thai durians in global markets.

The review on the bioavailability, bio-efficacies and novel delivery systems for piperine

As the major naturally occurring alkaloid in pepper with pungent odor, piperine is known for its beneficial bio-functions and therapeutic effects. In this work, the bioavailability and biological activities of...

Yellow phosphorous ingestion cause liver dysfunction and internal bleeding: a case study

Objective The purpose of this case report was to create awareness among scientific fraternity and those who are in the regular usage of the yellow phosphorous compound. Yellow phosphorus is an inorganic element that is poisonous to humans (yellowish, waxy, crystal-clear solid with a pungent odor). Case presentation The patient treatment chart was reviewed and the patient’s condition was evaluated daily. Consumption of toxic doses causes shock and cardiovascular failure within 2–3 h of ingestion, and peak levels are reached when distributed to all tissues after absorption. Here, we report a case of self-harm with the ingestion of rat killer paste, and the patient suffered internal bleeding and acute liver failure. Conclusion Rodenticides remain the primary cause of morbidity and mortality, internal bleeding is the major risks of rodenticide poisoning.

Polyphenols, Antioxidant Activity and Volatile Compounds in Fermented Leaves of Medicinal Plant Rosebay Willowherb (Chamerion angustifolium (L.) Holub)

At present, the consumption of medical plants and functional foods is growing in the whole world. Rosebay willowherb (Chamerionangustifolium (L.) Holub) is an important medicinal plant that has various pharmacological effects (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and others), can improve the state of health and well-being, and reduce the risk of various diseases. The aim of this work was to investigate volatile compounds, polyphenols, and antioxidant activity in rosebay willowherb leaves fermented for 24 and 48 h in solid state fermentation under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for polyphenols and the spectrophotometric method for antioxidant activity determinations were used. To recognize and identify the leaves’ fragrances, electronic nose (Alpha M.O.S) measurement technology was used. The results showed that the highest amounts of total polyphenols in dried matter were after 48 h aerobic solid state fermentation (SSF). Antioxidant activity was higher under 48 h SSF compared to the control. The most abundant flavoring compound groups were esters, terpenes, and aldehydes. In unfermented leaves, (z)-3-hexen-1-ol, acetate, hexyl acetate, and trans-hex-2-enyl acetate prevailed, characterized by fragrances of greenery, flowers, and fruits. The undesired esters group compounds, ethyl butyrate and butyl acetate, with pungent odor, were detected after 48 h anaerobic SSF.

PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN CENGKEH (SYZYGIUM AROMATICUM L.) SEBAGAI REPELLENT TERHADAP JUMLAH LALAT YANG HINGGAP SELAMA PROSES PENJEMURAN IKAN ASIN DI SENGGARANG TAHUN 2019

The content of clove leaves (Syzygium aromaticum L.) which gives rise to the distinctive aroma is a component of essential oils. Repellent use generally does not directly kill insects, but rather serves to resist the presence of insects, mainly due to the pungent odor. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using clove leaf extract (Syzygium aromaticum L.) as a repellent when drying salted fish in Sengarang. This experimental research uses after only design. Effect of clove leaf extract as a natural bioinsecticide with concentrations of 15%, 30%, and 60% with once repetition. Analysis using univariate and bivariate analysis, then tested with the One Way Annova statistical test. The results showed the average flies at 15% concentrations were 36 heads, 30% were 4 flies and 60% concentrations were 1 flies. The concentration of clove leaf extract (Syzygium aromaticum L.) which is the most effective as repellent flies when drying salted fish is a concentration of 60%. This research can provide information about alternatef fly repellent when drying salted fish by using natural ingredients namely the use of clove leaf extract (Syzygium aromaticum L.). Next researchers need to take measurements of the density of flies every hour when observing.

Pharmacognostic Study of Sangkareho Root (Callicarpa longifolia Lam.) from Pelaihari, South Kalimantan

Sangkareho (Callicarpa longifolia Lam.) is used traditionally by one of Kalimantan's indigenous tribes, the Dayak Tunjung tribe as a medicine for colds and inflammation, where the plant parts used are the roots. Considering its very potential prospects, research aimed at providing a scientific basis for plant pharmacognostic data needs to be carried out with qualitative methods. The qualitative examination is done by several methods including test identification of organoleptic, macroscopic, microscopic, and chemical compounds. Organoleptic test results showed that the roots have a light brown color, bitter and slightly spicy, and a rather pungent odor. Microscopic test results showed sangkareho root has a length of � 90 cm; width of � 1 cm; and for the form of a spear with a ride root system. Microscopic observations are found in the form of epidermal cells, exodermis, cortex, endodermis, bearing files, calcium oxalate crystals, and stone cells. The identification of chemical compounds showed positive results against alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and triterpenoids. The thin-layer chromatography profile shows four separate stains with eluent ethyl acetate : methanol : water in a ratio of 8 : 2 : 1, respectively.

Kandungan Nutrisi Black garlic Hasil Pemanasan dengan Waktu Berbeda

Garlic as feed additives have been widely used to increase animals performance due to it can help absorption process of nutrients so that it can spur animal growth and produce healthy products. Garlic is crushed or damaged easily and when is broken, some of these bioactive sulfur components produce a strong pungent odor. Black garlic is fresh garlic that has been fermented for a period of time. Black garlic is formed through heating and causing the garlic turn to black because of its browning compounds. Black garlic does not exude a strong off-flavor, like fresh garlic because of changes to the compound allicin, which is responsible for its odor. The study was done to measure the nutritional content on black garlic based on different times of heat treatment at 600C. The research design was complete randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments were time of heating; P0 (control, 0 day), P1 (15 days), P2 (30 days) and P3 (45 days) 500 g each. Parameters were moisture content, crude protein, ash, fat and carbohydrate. Data were analysed by analysis of variance, the significant effects were tested by Duncan’s multiple range test. To determine the best time of heating would be tested by Polynomial orthogonal. The results showed that different times of heat treatment significantly (P<0.05) affect nutrition of black garlic. Fifteen days of heating significantly incease moisture content but the moisture content decreased when heating was longer such as for 30 and 45 days. Longer time of heating increased significantly (P <0.05) the protein and fat content of black garlic, while the carbohydrate content significantly decreased (P <0.05). Polynomial orthogonal test resulted that the heating of garlic at 600C for 17 days gives the best nutrient content of black garlic. It was concluded that the length heating of garlic to produce the best nutrition content of black garlic was at a temperature of 600C for 17 days.

Phosphoryl trichloride. Documentation of proposed values of occupational exposure limits (OELs)

Phosphoryl trichloride is a clear, colorless or yellowish liquid with an unpleasant, pungent odor. In contact with water or steam, it rapidly hydrolyses by releasing hydrogen chloride and phosphoric(V) acid. Phosphoryl trichloride is used in industry primarily for the production of alkyl and aryl triesters of phosphoric(V) acid. It is also used in the production of plasticizers, flame retardants, hydraulic fluids, insecticides, pharmaceuticals, gasoline additives and dye intermediates. Phosphoryl trichloride is also used as chlorinating agent, pH regulator, catalyst, solvent in cryoscopy, dopant for semiconductor grade silicon, and as reagent in laboratories. Phosphoryl trichloride is classified for acute toxicity as category 2 with inhalation (inhalation may lead to death) and as category 4 if swallowed (harmful if swallowed). In addition, it is classified as corrosive category 1A (causes severe skin burns and eye damage) and toxic to target organs due to repeated exposure, category 1 (causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure). Both in acute and chronic cases of inhalation exposure, the primary effect was irritating to the respiratory tract and eyes (burning eyes and throat, feeling of breathlessness, tearing, coughing, bronchospasm, pain behind the sternum, pleurisy). In exposed workers, deterioration of pulmonary spirometric parameters was observed. The late effects of exposure were asthmatic problems and obstructive respiratory disease. Available animal studies are poorly documented. Phosphoryl trichloride did not show any mutagenic effects. There is no information on the carcinogenic, embryotoxic or teratogenic effects of this substance in the available literature. The critical effect of the action of phosphoryl trichloride is a strong irritation on the mucous membranes of the eyes and upper respiratory tract. A concentration of 0.48 mg/m3 constituting the threshold for toxic effects of phosphoryl trichloride in studies in rats and guinea pigs was taken as the LOAEC value. After applying the uncertainty coefficients, the MAC value of phosphoryl trichloride calculated on this basis is 0.06 mg/m3. It is proposed to adopt the MAC value in accordance with the SCOEL and ACSH recommendation, i.e., 0.064 mg/m3. Phosphoryl trichloride is a strongly irritating substance, in order to prevent peak concentrations of this substance it is proposed to set the maximum allowable short-term concentration (MAC-STEL) at level 2 x MAC value, i.e., 0.13 mg/m3. There are no substantive foundations to determine the permissible biological exposure indices to phosphoryl trichloride (DSB). Due to the corrosive effect of phosphoryl chloride, it is proposed to label it with the letter "C" (a substance with a corrosive effect). This article discusses the problems of occupational safety and health, which are covered by health sciences and environmental engineering.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN KEPUTIHAN ABNORMAL PADA REMAJA PUTRI DI KELAS X SMA SANDIKA SUKAJADI BANYUASIN TAHUN 2014

ABSTRACT Abnormal leucorrhea discharge is characterized by whitish discharge in large quantities. In addition, the mucus is white yellowish or greenwish and has a pungent odor and is very itchy and painful. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the incidence af abnormal leucorrhea discharge in young gils in the class X SMA Sandika Sukajadi Banyuasin Year 2014. This study uses the total populatoin of the cross-sectional approach. The population in this study are all young women inthe class X SMA Sandika Sukajadi Banyuasin Year 2014. This research was conducted in January-March 2014. Samples were taken from the entire population. Analysis using statistical test Chi- Square. Results of univariate analysis, showed that respondents abnormal leucorrhea discharge as much as 10 respondents (33,3%) was smaller than that of respondents who are not abnormal leucorrhea discharge as much as 20 respondents (66,7%). That respondents with good knowledge of 7 respondents (23,3%) smaller compared with poor knowledge of as many as 23 respondents (76,7%). Which uses as much pantyliner 9 respondents (30%) smaller compared with those who did not use a pantyliner as many as 21 respondents (70%). Feminine hygiene and tthe use of a total of 14 respondens (46,7%) smaller comappred with those who did not use feminine hygine as much as 16 respondents ( 53,3%). So the bivariate analysis showed no significant relationship between knowledge of the occurence of abnormal leucrrheal dicharge with a p value = 0,002, no significant association between the use pantyliner eith abnormal leucorrhea discharge even with p value = 0,0002. And there is a relationshp between the incidence of female cleaners abnormal leucorrhea discharge with a p value = 0,001. Advice for health personnel to seek and improve health health education about abnormal leucorrhea discharge. ABSTRAK Keputihan Abnormal adalah keputihan yang tandai dengan keluarnya lendir dalam jumlah banyak, berwarna putih kekuningan sampai kehijauan dan memiliki bau yang sangat menyengat yang disertai rasa gatal dan nyeri pada daerah kewanitaan. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian keputihan abnormal pada remaja putri dikelas X SMA Sandika Sukajadi Banyuasin Tahun 2014. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode total populasi dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu semua remaja putri dikelas X SMA Sandika Sukajadi Banyuasin Tahun 2014. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Januari – Maret 2014. Sampel penelitian diambil dari seluruh populasi. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik Chi – Square. Hasil analisis univariat, menunjukkan bahwa responden yang keputihan abnormal sebanyak 10 responden (33,3%) lebih kecil di banding dengan responden yang tidak keputihan abnormal sebanyak 20 responden (66,7%). bahwa responden dengan pengetahuan baik sebanyak 7 reponden (23,3%) lebih kecil di banding dengan pengetahuan yang kurang baik sebanyak 23 responden (76,7%). yang menggunaan pantyliner sebanyak 9 reponden (30%) lebih kecil di banding dengan responden yang tidak menggunakan pantyliner sebanyak 21 responden (70%). dan yang menggunakan pembersih kewanitaan sebanyak 14 reponden (46,7%) lebih kecil di banding dengan responden yang tidak menggunakan pembersih kewanitaan sebanyak 16 responden (53,3%). sehingga analisis bivariat menunjukkan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan dengan kejadian keputihan abnormal dengan P value = 0,002, ada hubungan yang bermakna antara penggunaan pantyliner dengan kejadian keputihan abnormal dengan P value = 0,002.dan ada hubungan antara penggunaan pembersih kewanitaan dengan kejadian keputihan abnormal dengan P value= 0,001 .Saran bagi tenaga kesehatan untuk mengupayakan dan meningkatkan penyuluhan kesehatan tentang keputihan abnormal.