scholarly journals THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE BERRIES OF SPECIES AND INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDS OF RED CUR-RANT IN CULTURE

2019 ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Aleksey Borisovich Gorbunov ◽  
Tat'yana Abdulkhaimovna Kukushkina
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Biochemical Study ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Berry Fruits ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Red Currant ◽  
Dry Substance

Red currant is a valuable food and medicinal plant widely used in industrial and amateur gardening. The aim of this article is a summary of results of a multi-year research of the chemical composition of fruits of red currant wild-growing species and natural interspecific hybrids of different geographical origin and assessment of a possibility of use of the selections to produce interspecific hybrids. Biochemical study of dry substance, ascorbic acid, sugars, acids, anthocyans, catechins, pectins and protopectins in red currant berries was carried out. The analyses of the chemical composition were performed by the universally accepted procedures. The levels of variability of 8 biochemical characters of red berry fruits depending on conditions of a year were established. It was shown that the most stable biochemical character was content of dry substance in berries and the most variable one – content of catechins. More ascorbic acid accumulates in berries of Ribes atropurpureum from the Salair Ridge in comparison with the amount in berries of R. atropurpureum from the Altai Mountains. By the complex of biochemical characters of prime interest are R. atropurpureum and hybrid R. atropurpureum × R. altissimum, and by the content of dry substance, sugars and catechins – hybrid R. atropurpureum × R. vulgare. The selections are a source of 1-5 outstanding biochemical characters and promising for the use in breeding. The interspecific hybrids of red currant obtained in CSBG by the use of selections testify to the possibility of production of high yield, large-fruited cultivars with a high content of biologically active substances in berries.

THE SOURCES OF BLACK CURRANT AND RED CURRANT BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES FOR THE SELECTION OF THE BERRIES CHEMICAL COMPOSITION IMPROVING

1970 ◽  
pp. 10-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
М. А. Makarkina ◽  
T. V. Yanchuk
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Phenol Compounds ◽  
High Level ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Red Currant ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Biological Active Substances

The VNIISPK black and red currant collection was studied for the content of biological active substances in berries, including ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and phenol compounds (vitamin P). The results of the study for the period of 1990-2015 are given. 256 black currant varieties, elite and selective seedlings and 103 red currant varieties, elite and selected seedlings were studied. Genotypes with a high level of characters on study were allocated for use in target crossings for fruit chemical composition improvement. The varieties , elite and selected seedlings of VNIISPK breeding were picked out as recommended sources of those characters, including black currants Desertnaya Ogoltzovoy, Muravushka, Nadina, Orlovskaya Serenada and red currants Marmeladnitza, Niva, Podarok Pobediteliam and Ustina having high contents of ascorbic acid in berries; black currants Arapka, Yershistaya, Zusha, Nadina, Nura, Ekzotica and red currant Osipovskaya having a high level of anthocyanins; black currants Yershistaya, Zusha, Nadina, Orlovia and Yubiley Orla with a high content of catechols; black currants Gamma, Gratzia, Lentiay, Orlovsky Vals and red currants Asya, Podarok Pobediteliam and Selianochka with a high level of leucoanthocyanins; black currants Yershistaya, Yubiley Orla and red currants Asya, Podarok Pobediteliam and Selianochka with a high sum of P-active substances in berries.

scholarly journals CHANGES IN THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF CRANBERRY BERRIES LARGE-FRUITED DURING STORAGE

2019 ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey Borisovich Gorbunov ◽  
Tat'yana Abdulkhailovna Kukushkina
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Biochemical Study ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Fruit Composition ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Dry Substance ◽  
Long Storage

Large cranberry is a valuable food and medicinal plant. The early cultivar «Bergman» and mid-season cultivars «Ben Lear» and «Pilgrim», the most promising for southern West Siberia, ripen rather late – in the second-third decades of September. The aim of the work was study of the chemical composition of large cranberry berries and its dynamics during long storage. In this regard, biochemical study of dry substance, ascorbic acid, sugars, acids, anthocyans, catechins, pectins and protopectins of berries promising cultivars was conducted. The chemical composition was analyzed by conventional methods. It was established that the early cultivar «Bergman» compared to mid-season cultivars «Ben Lear» and «Pilgrim» accumulated more ascorbic acid and anthocyans. In the course of long (5–6 months) storage of fruits in the refrigerator the decrease in the number of sugars, ascorbic acid and pectins (partially) took place in all cultivars, but the content of dry substance, acids, protopectins (1.2–2.9 times) and anthocyans (1.7–5.0 times) increased. Therefore, it is possible to after-ripen unripe cranberry berries. On accumulation of anthocyans and protopectins Siberian samples are close to or exceed Belorussian ones which form a qualitative fruit composition in more favourable conditions. To receive high-quality by biochemical indices production, it is necessary to grow early large cranberry cultivars in southern West Siberia, to harvest berries in the late second-third decades of September when berries acquire natural color and to store fresh berries in the refrigerator for not more than half a year.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidative Mechanisms In Vitro and Triterpenes Composition of Extracts from Silver Birch (Betula pendula Roth) and Black Birch (Betula obscura Kotula) Barks by FT-IR and HPLC-PDA

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4633
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Ostapiuk ◽  
Łukasz Kurach ◽  
Maciej Strzemski ◽  
Jacek Kurzepa ◽  
Anna Hordyjewska
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Silver Birch ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Outer Bark ◽  
Betula Pendula Roth ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Active Substances

Silver birch, Betula pendula Roth, is one of the most common trees in Europe. Due to its content of many biologically active substances, it has long been used in medicine and cosmetics, unlike the rare black birch, Betula obscura Kotula. The aim of the study was therefore to compare the antioxidant properties of extracts from the inner and outer bark layers of both birch trees towards the L929 line treated with acetaldehyde. Based on the lactate dehydrogenase test and the MTT test, 10 and 25% concentrations of extracts were selected for the antioxidant evaluation. All extracts at tested concentrations reduced the production of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion radical, and 25% extract decreased malonic aldehyde formation in acetaldehyde-treated cells. The chemical composition of bark extracts was accessed by IR and HPLC-PDA methods and surprisingly, revealed a high content of betulin and lupeol in the inner bark extract of B. obscura. Furthermore, IR analysis revealed differences in the chemical composition of the outer bark between black and silver birch extracts, indicating that black birch may be a valuable source of numerous biologically active substances. Further experiments are required to evaluate their potential against neuroinflammation, cancer, viral infections, as well as their usefulness in cosmetology.

scholarly journals Comparative study of some bioactive compounds and their antioxidant activity of some berry types

10.5219/1132 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 515-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amina Aly ◽  
Rabab Maraei ◽  
Omneya Abou El-Leel
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Berry Fruits ◽  
Red Currant

Berries are wealthy in bioactive compounds like phenolic compounds and flavonoids that are deemed antioxidants and are great important to health. This research was performed to examine, recognize and compare bioactive compounds in certain types of berries and their antioxidant activity. The data show that blue berry, black berry and Egyptian black mulberry contain the highest content of most bioactive compounds such as phenolic compounds, flavonoids and tannins, while long mulberry and red currant berry have the lowest content for most of these compounds. They therefore, contain the highest value of antioxidant activity. The chemical composition of the berries varies depending on cultivar, variety, location of growth, environmental conditions and harvest time, as well as post-harvest treatments therefore the composition differed from berry fruit to another. Thus, berry fruits are very useful in nutrition to protect the body from many diseases because of its containment of these compounds, which act as free radicals scavenger that harm the body and thus rid the body of many harmful toxins.

scholarly journals Flowers of Campanula species as a source of biologically active substances

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 00033
Author(s):  
Tatiana Fomina ◽  
Tatiana Kukushkina
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
First Time ◽  
Active Substances

The content of the major groups of biologically active substances in flowers of 7 Campanula species, cultivated in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia, were investigated for the first time. Freshly collected flowers were found to contain 0.06-0.15 % of catechins, 0.31-3.17 % of flavonols, 3.31-6.47 % of tannins, 3.10-15.57 % of pectic substances, and 0.66-16.4 mg% of carotenoids calculated per absolute dre weight of raw material. The amount of ascorbic acid was 36.9-114.0 mg% per wet weight. The data indicate that Campanula flowers are promising for the production of phenolic compounds, the development of food additives and fresh consumptions a seasoning.

SWEET SAWBERRY (Comarum Palustre L.) IN MEDICAL PRACTICE (literature review)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Platonov ◽  
Aleksandr Hadarcev ◽  
Elena Belyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
General Description ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Comarum Palustre ◽  
Practice Literature ◽  
Active Substances

The review substantiates the use of biologically active substances of plant origin, derived from marsh saber, common on the territory of Russia – in various sections of clinical medicine. The General description and zones of its distribution, possibilities of extraction of Sabel-nick rhizomes are given. The chemical composition was charac-terized and the role of proanthocyanidins in the anti-inflammatory effects of sabelnik was clarified. The possibility of obtaining various medicinal forms of drugs from the rhizomes of sabelnik is shown. A well-known range of applications in medical practice for lesions of the musculoskeletal system, arthrosis and arthritis, nephropathy, after transurethral resection of the prostate, etc.

scholarly journals Determination of the comprehensive indicator of pastille with the use of multi-component fruit-berry paste

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3(59)) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Kateryna Kasabova ◽  
Nataliа Shmatchenko ◽  
Aleksey Zagorulko ◽  
Andreii Zahorulko
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Human Need ◽  
Pectin Substances

The object of research in this work is the technology of pastille with the addition of multicomponent fruit and berry paste. Pastille are becoming more and more popular in the world for all segments of the population. Usually, the main ingredients for their manufacture are fruit raw materials, a structurant and egg white, therefore, the products contain practically no fat and have a low calorie content. It is proposed to replace 75 % of traditional applesauce in the recipe with a multicomponent fruit and berry paste made from apples, cranberries, hawthorn. It was found that such a composition makes it possible to obtain products with an increased content of pectin substances, ascorbic acid, polyphenols, including anthocyanins, catechins and flavonols. The work is aimed at studying the application of the principles of qualimetry to determine a complex indicator of the quality of pastille For this, the organoleptic and physicochemical indicators of the quality of the developed pastille were taken from previous studies and the chemical composition was determined and the content of biologically active substances was calculated relative to the average daily human need. The content of pectin substances in new products increases 1.7 times and satisfies the average daily human need by 18.2 %. The content of ascorbic acid is 4.2 times higher, which is 20.5 % of the average daily human need, and polyphenols 3.2 times higher – 579.0 %. The data obtained make it possible to consider the developed product functional. The next step was to determine the complex indicator of products by the qualimetric method. For a more complete disclosure of product properties, a structure of pastille quality indicators has been developed – a «tree of properties». Thus, the comprehensive assessment of the quality of the control sample corresponds to the indicator «good» (0.66), while the integrated assessment of pastille with multicomponent paste corresponds to the indicator «very good» (0.98). On the basis of organoleptic, physicochemical indicators and chemical composition of products, it was established that the indicator of a comprehensive assessment of the quality of a pastille with a multicomponent paste, taking into account all group indicators, is 48 % higher compared to the control.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity Exerted by Total Extracts of Germander

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 3242-3244
Author(s):  
Raul Chioibas ◽  
Razvan Susan ◽  
Monica Susan ◽  
Ovidiu Mederle ◽  
Delia Berceanu Vaduva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Teucrium Polium ◽  
Active Substances

In the present research, ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Teucrium polium (germander) were studied regarding the content of biologically active substances - in particular polyphenols - antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity. The extracts have been found to be rich in polyphenolic compounds, kaempferol and epichatechin have been found to be present in the highest concentrations. The antioxidant activity evaluated by the method of capturing the free radicals with DPPH revealed values close to those produced by the ascorbic acid. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the diffusimetric method and S. aureus and E. coli microorganisms were found to be the most sensitive while P. aeruginosa and fungal species were not sensitive.

scholarly journals Application of the Agrimonia eupatoria L. Extract for the Kvases Production

Food Industry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Yuliya Miller ◽  
Olga Golub ◽  
Karina Zakharova
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Active Substances

The article concerns the research of the herb Common Agrimony (Agrimonia eupatoria L.) use in the kvass manufacture, because the plant has a high content of flavoring and biologically active substances (flavonoids, tannins, arbutin, etc.). Researchers used standard, adopted in the brewing and soft drinks industry test methods and methods of processing obtained results. To produce kvass with the best quality characteristics, a man has to use Agrimonia eupatoria L. extract. In order to obtain this extract with the maximum amount of flavoring and biologically active substances (polyphenolic substances, ascorbic acid) a man must macerate 3-5 mm cut grass using purified water as a solvent in a ratio of 1:10 at a temperature of 40 ± 3 °C for 5-6 hours. Agrimonia eupatoria L. extract is an opaque brown liquid with a weak greenish tint, weakly expressed sweet-apricot aroma and taste; the mass fraction of dry substances is 3.0 ± 0.1 %; acidity – 2.5 ± 0.2 units; the content of polyphenolic substances is not less than 13.5 mg / 100 cm3; the content of ascorbic acid – not less than 4.5 mg / 100 cm3 . The authors developed kvass technology, including the preparation of kvass wort and Agrimonia eupatoria L. extract separately, its blending, fermentation, cooling, clarification and bottling. Based on the organoleptic and physical and chemical parameters obtained during the study, the researchers recommended the optimal ratio of kvass wort and Agrimonia eupatoria L.: 90:10 – 80:20. They developed regulated quality indicators of the new kvass: appearance – a transparent foaming liquid with opalescence, without foreign inclusions; color – brown with greenish tones; aroma and taste – refreshing, sweet and sour, bread, with light tones of Agrimonia eupatoria L. extract. The use of an aqueous extract from the herb Agrimonia eupatoria L. in the kvass production enables to get products with original organoleptic characteristics

scholarly journals Milk productivity of holstein cows at optimization of fat levels in their diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 935 (1) ◽  
pp. 012014
Author(s):  
O Petrov ◽  
V Semenov ◽  
V Alekseev
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Fat Level ◽  
Dry Diet ◽  
Dry Substance

Abstract The work is devoted to determining the optimal level of fat in concentrate-senage diets for high-yield cows and studying the effect of various levels of fat in the dry matter of the diet on milk productivity and chemical composition of milk. Studies have shown the insufficiency of household diets of highly productive cows with a dry diet content of 3.2% raw fat. This deterred the potential for dairy productivity. Addition of fat in cow diets by equivalent energy and protein replacement of a portion of the compound feed with a rapeseed cake up to a level of 4.2% of the dry substance provides an increase in milk productivity in relation to the control group receiving 3.2% fat. Optimization of the fat level in the dry substance of the diet up to 4.2% in the nutrition system of cows increases the functional activity of the breast in their body, which is expressed in the growth of breast productivity by 6.78%, improvement of the chemical composition and technological properties of milk. A further increase in dietary fat to 5.2% has a less pronounced effect on the change in milk productivity.

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