scholarly journals Relationship between Demographic Characteristics, Depression and Insomnia with Restless Legs Syndrome: a Study of Adults Aged 17-70 Years in Yazd 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Sorbi ◽  
Ali Issazadegan ◽  
Esmaiel Soleimani ◽  
Hamid Mirhosseini
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Restless Legs Syndrome ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
T Test ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Motor Disorder ◽  
Restless Legs ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a neurological-motor disorder in which most patients tend to shake their legs during sleep and describe it as an unpleasant feeling. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of RLS, its relationship with demographic characteristics, depression, and insomnia and comparison of the mentioned variables in the group with and without RLS.  Methods: This was a case-control analytic study. The sample consisted of 429 adults aged 17-70 years who had referred all the psychiatric and neurological clinics of Yazd (center of Iran) in 2019. Participants were selected by cluster sampling method. Research tools included a demographic questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and an International Restless Legs Syndrome Questionnaire (IRLSQ). The data were analyzed by SPSS-21, chi-square, Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test, and linear regression. Significant level was considered 0.05. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the age of participants was 34.43± 10.82. Furthermore, the mean and standard deviation of the age group with RLS was 36.07± 10.95 while in group without RLS was 33.92± 10.75. Prevalence of RLS in adults was 23.5% (n= 101), in women was 32% (n= 66) and in men was 28.7% (n= 35). The t-test showed patients with RLS had a higher degree of depression and insomnia than those without RLS (p<0.05). Multiple linear regression also showed that insomnia (β= 0.36), age (β= 0.13), and depression (β= 0.15) had a significant effect on RLS score.  Conclusion: The prevalence of RLS among adults in Yazd is high. Severe insomnia, depressed mood, and aging are considered as important factors in predicting this disease. According to what was mentioned early detection, prevention, and treatment of this disorder in adults is necessary.

scholarly journals Severity and frequency of restless legs syndrome in patients with familial Mediterranean fever

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 1340-1346
Author(s):  
Samet Yılmaz ◽  
Burhanettin Çiğdem ◽  
Şeyda Figül Gökçe ◽  
Sevil Ceyhan-Doğan ◽  
Hatice Balaban
Keyword(s):  
Familial Mediterranean Fever ◽  
Restless Legs Syndrome ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Motor Disorder ◽  
Restless Legs ◽  
Mediterranean Fever ◽  
The Mean

Objective: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common sensory motor disorder. RLS an urge to move the extremities that may be accompanied by dysesthesias, and significantly affects quality of life of affected patients. The frequency of RLS is higher in different systemic inflammatory diseases. Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an inherited inflammatory disease characterized by attacks of polyserositis, arthritis, and fever. The prevalence of RLS in patients with FMF is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence rate of RLS in a sample of patients with FMF and compare this prevalence with that of a matched normal population. Method: A total of 60 patients with FMF and 60 healthy controls were studied. All participants underwent a neurological examination. Diagnostic criteria as proposed by the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) were used to define RLS. The IRLSSG rating scale for the severity of RLS was applied to determine the severity of symptoms. Results: The prevalence of RLS was not significantly different between patients and controls. Although the mean International Restless Legs Syndrome Rating Scale (IRLSRS) scores tended to be higher in patients compared with controls, this difference was not significant. When each item of the severity scale was compared between the two groups, significantly higher scores were found in some items of the IRLSRS in patients with FMF compared with controls. Conclusion: According to this result, RLS symptoms in patients with FMF were more frequent and lasted longer than those in controls.

scholarly journals Do aggression and impulsivity dominate dark triad across genders?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupriya Singh ◽  
Aisha Naeem ◽  
Komal Chandiramani
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Method ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
T Test ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Significant Relationships

The study investigated gender differences in Overall Dark Triad (Machiavellianism, Narcissism, and Psychopathy), Aggression, Impulsivity, and impact of Dark triad on Aggression and Impulsivity. Data was collected from 214 young adults. Analyses was done using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation). T-test was employed to analyze gender differences. Pearson Correlation Method and Multiple regression were used to assess the relation and prediction amongst the variables, respectively. T-test suggested significant gender differences in Machiavellianism, Psychopathy, and Overall Dark Triad, with females scoring high than males. No gender difference was observed in Aggression and Impulsivity. Correlation and regression analyses revealed several significant relationships between the above constructs. The research was concluded by briefly foregrounding some of the study’s implications and future directions.

Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy and Its Relationship with the Perceived Stress and the Breastfeeding Performance in Iranian Mothers with Late Preterm Infants, 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akram Kahforoushan ◽  
Shirin Hasanpour ◽  
Mojgan Mirghafourvand
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Late Preterm ◽  
Late Preterm Infants ◽  
The Mean

Abstract BackgroundLate preterm infants suffer from many short-term and long-term problems after birth. The key factor in fighting these problems is effective breastfeeding. The present study aimedto determine the breastfeeding self-efficacy and its relationship with the perceived stress and breastfeeding performance in mothers with late preterm infants. MethodsIn this prospective study, 171 nursing mothers with late preterm infants born in Alzahra Medical Center of Tabriz, Iran, who met the conditions of this study were selected through convenience sampling. The Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES- SF) was employed to measure breastfeeding self-efficacy and 14-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS14) was used to measure the perceived stress during 24 hours after giving birth and when the child was 4 months old the breastfeeding performance was measured by the standard breastfeeding performance questionnaire. The data were analyzed by Pearson and Spearman’s correlation tests, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Multiple Linear Regression.ResultsThe mean (standard deviation) of breastfeeding self-efficacy equaled 50.0 (7.8) from the scores ranging between13-65 and the mean (standard deviation) of the perceived stress equaled to 26.5 (8.8) from the scores ranging between 0-56. The median (25-75 percentiles) of breastfeeding performance score in the mothers equaled 2.0 (1.0 to 3.0) from the scores ranging between 0-6. On the basis of multiple linear regression and through adjusting the personal-social characteristic, by increasing the score of the breastfeeding self-efficacy, the perceived stress was decreased to a statistically significant amount (B=-0.1, 95%CI=-0.3 to 0.0), however, there was no statistically significant relationship between breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding performance (p=0.418). ConclusionDue to the modifiable variability of breastfeeding self-efficacy and its role in perceived maternal stress, the development of appropriate strategies to further increase breastfeeding self-efficacy and provide more support to these mothers and infants is of particular importance.

scholarly journals Comparison of Strategies to Manage Stress Considering to Selected Socio-demographic Characteristics of Employees

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-136
Author(s):  
Tatiana Lorincová
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Stress Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
T Test ◽  
Brief Cope ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
Religiosity And Spirituality ◽  
The Individual

The presented paper deals with the analysis of selected stress management strategies considering to gender and position in organization in which individual employees work. The aim of the paper is to compare the ways of managing and processing the stressful situations, as well as their variability with regard to the group of respondents, their inclusion in the organization (manager or executive employee) and the size of organization (small and medium organization). The research was conducted by using two methodologies, namely Brief COPE from Carver (1997) and SVF 78 by Janke and Erdmann (2003). The research sample consisted of 130 respondents aged 19 to 63 (mean age 40.38 with a standard deviation of 6.73), namely 53.8% of males and 47.2% of women. The research sample consisted of executive employees (49.2%) and managers (50.8%) working in a small and medium-sized organization. The research results were analyzed by t-test for two independent samples, namely the individual stress management strategies were compared. We found statistically significant differences in the level of control of the situation, self-blaming, POZ 1 and NEG among executive employees and managers. At the level of perseverance, self-blaming, religiosity and spirituality, and NEG we found statistically significant gender differences. Comparison of employees working in a small and medium-sized organization has demonstrated the existence of statistically significant differences in levels of underestimation, negation, ventilation and self-blaming. The most common strategy of stress management was the strategy of self-blaming, given the analyzed socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents.

scholarly journals Depression, Suicidal Ideation, and Resilience among Rural Farmers in a Drought-Affected Area of Trichy District, Tamil Nadu

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 238-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Justine Viswanathan ◽  
Veerakumar A. M ◽  
Hemalatha Kumarasamy
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTBackground: Changes in climatic conditions and other factors including trade and commerce have influenced agriculture worldwide. These factors have created a crisis among farmers. Objectives: The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation, to measure the resilience, and to find out the factors that influence depression and resilience among farmers. Materials and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional analytical study was performed among farmers residing in a drought-affected area of Tiruchirappalli district of Tamil Nadu. The sample size was 191 and cluster sampling was used to select the participants. Structured, pretested questionnaires were used to find the prevalence of depression, suicidal ideation, and resilience among farmers. Pearson Correlation, Student’s t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson Chi-square test were used to identify the factors influencing depression and resilience. Results: A total of 194 farmers participated in the study. The mean age of the farmers was 46.68 ± 12.6 years, majority 64% were males and 89% were literates. Among the participants, 97.4% had some form of depression, and 67% had severe depression. About 60% of the farmers had suicidal ideation. Male farmers, farmers with few years of farming experience, and severe reduction in yield had a higher level of depression. Suicidal ideation was influenced by gender, small-scale farming, fewer years of experience in farming, and the impact of drought on yield. The mean resilience score was 49.4 ± 10. Gender and years of experience in farming had a significant association with resilience. Conclusion: High prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation and low level of resilience has been observed among the farmers. Interventions need to be provided for marginal and small-scale farmers, male farmers in the affected area to reduce the impact of drought in these farmers.

Parabrachial gustatory neural activity during licking by rats

1991 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 974-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Nishijo ◽  
R. Norgren
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
T Test ◽  
Fluid Delivery ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Parabrachial Nuclei ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster Analyses ◽  
Paired T Test

1. A total of 51 single neurons was recorded from the pontine parabrachial nuclei of three rats being given sapid stimuli either via intraoral infusions or during spontaneous licking behavior. In 46 neurons, sapid stimuli elicited significant taste responses; of these, 28 responded best to NaCl, 15 to sucrose, 2 to citric acid, and 1 to quinine HCl. The remaining five neurons responded significantly only to water. The mean spontaneous rate of taste neurons during the intraoral infusion and licking sessions was 11.1 +/- 1.1 and 10.8 +/- 1.2 (SE) spikes/s, respectively. 2. Of the 39 neurons tested during both licking and intraoral infusions, four responded significantly only to water via either route. The remaining 35 neurons responded significantly to at least some sapid stimuli. The best-stimulus categories remained the same regardless of the route of fluid delivery (24 NaCl best, 10 sucrose best, 1 citric acid best). When the rats were licking the stimuli, nine taste neurons responded significantly to only one sapid chemical [6 Na specific (Ns) and 3 sucrose specific (Ss)] but were more broadly tuned during intraoral infusions. Conversely, three taste neurons that responded specifically during intraoral infusions (3 Na specific) were not as specific when the animal licked the same fluids. 3. Thirty-five taste neurons were tested via both stimulus routes. These data were compared in three ways. First, for each neuron, the responses elicited during licking and intraoral infusions were compared for each of the four standard sapid stimuli. The Pearson correlation coefficients for the 35 taste neurons ranged from 0.9997 to 0.6785, with a mean at 0.953 +/- 0.012 (SE). The second comparison was between stimulus routes across chemicals. With the use of raw responses, the correlation coefficients for NaCl, sucrose, citric acid, and QHCl ranged from 0.925 to 0.778 (t test, P less than 0.0001). With the activity elicited by water subtracted (corrected responses), the correlation coefficients for NaCl, sucrose, citric acid, and QHCl were 0.900, 0.795, 0.369, and 0.211, respectively. The coefficient for QHCl was not significant (t test, P greater than 0.05). Finally, the mean responses to NaCl, sucrose, and citric acid delivered by both routes were compared and found not to differ (paired t test, P greater than 0.05). 4. In separate hierarchical cluster analyses for the licking and infusion data, the largest cluster in each contained all of the Na-best neurons and the next largest, all of the sucrose-best cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Self-Management Status in Patients with Diabetes and Disease Control Indicators in Lamerd City, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereidoun Jahangir ◽  
Esmaeil Kavi ◽  
Behnam Masmouei ◽  
Mohammad-Rafi Bazrafshan ◽  
Hamed Delam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Pearson Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Background: Diabetes is a global epidemic with serious complication and there is a clear need for paying special attention to self-management as the cornerstone to optimal control of the disease. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the self-management status and its correlation to disease control indicators in people with diabetes. Methods: In a descriptive cross-sectional study, 220 patients were selected from the list of the referred patients available in Lamerd public health network from December 2014 to June 2015. In the first step, data about demographic information and disease control were collected from the patients’ records. In the second step, the self-management status of each patient was assessed by the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire developed by Schmitt et al. To analyze the data, independent sample t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used. Results: The mean age of the male and female participants was 56.43 ± 13.50 and 56.46 ± 10.49 years old, respectively. The mean duration of the disease was 6.67 ± 4.72 years for men and 7.07 ± 5.30 years for women. Twenty-one (25.9%) men and 60 (43.7%) women had a history of smoking. The results of the Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there was an inverse and statistically significant relationship between diabetes self-management status and weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, glucose tolerance test (GTT), LDL, and cholesterol. The results of the t-test did not show significant differences between the level of HbA1C (HbA1C7) and self-management scores of the patients (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Patients with better self-management status were in a better disease control condition with respect to weight, BMI, waist circumference, GTT, LDL, and cholesterol levels. Special attention to the control and management of LDL, cholesterol, HbA1C, BMI, and blood pressure levels is recommended in planning for these patients.

Mast cells positive to c-kit receptor and to tryptase in normal to cancer pancreatic tissue and the correlation with angiogenesis.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16502-e16502
Author(s):  
Carmelo Laface ◽  
Michele Ammendola ◽  
Valeria Zuccalà ◽  
Francesco Luposella ◽  
Nicola Zizzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
T Test ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Kit Receptor ◽  
The Mean

e16502 Background: In the last years published studies demonstrated that mast cells (MCs) contain pro-angiogenic factors associated with tumoral angiogenesis. Tryptase is the most abundant and potent pro-angiogenic substance contained in MCs secretory granules and it can be released in tumour microenvironment. Up to now few data have been published on the role of MCs in angiogenesis in both pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cancer tissue (PDACT) and adjacent normal tissue (ANT). Methods: In this study MCs density positive to C-Kit receptor (MCDP-C-KitR), MCs density positive to tryptase (MCDPT), MCs area positive to tryptase (MCAPT), angiogenesis in terms of microvascular density (MVD) and endothelial area (EA) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and image analysis in both PDACT and ANT. All tissue samples were obtained from 45 patients with stage T2-3N0-1M0 (by AJCC for Pancreas Cancer Staging 7th Edition) who had undergone surgery. For each analyzed tissue parameter mean ± standard deviation was evaluated in both PDACT and ANT and differences were evaluated by Student t-test. Each analysed tissue parameter was then correlated each other by Pearson t-test analysis. Results: The mean value ± standard deviation (SD) regarding MCDP-C-KitR, MCDPT, MCAPT, MVD and EA in TT was 14.69±4.57, 13.31± 4,23, 171.41±62,39 µ2, 29.11±7.93, 201.82±70.05 µ2 respectively and the mean value ± SD in ANT was 5.61 ± 2.39, 5.13 ± 2.03, 54.43 ± 16.73 µ2, 11.45 ± 4.96, 67.60 ± 21.96 µ2, respectively. Differences in terms of mean value ± SD between PDACT and ANT were significant for each analyzed tissue biomarker (p ranged from 0,001 to 0,004 by t-test analysis; Table). Data demonstrated that MCDP-C-KitR MCDPT, MCAPT, MVD and EA significantly increased from ANT to PCT. In PCT it was showed a correlation between MCDP-C-KitR and MCDPT (r = 0.87, p = 0.01), MCDP-C-KitR and MVD (r = 0.74, p = 0.02), MCDP-C-KitR and MCAPT (r = 0.81, p = 0.01), MCDPT and MVD (r = 0.72, p = 0.02), MCD-C-KitR and EA (r = 0.73, p = 0.02), MCDPT and MCAPT (r = 0.85, p = 0.01), MCAPT and MVD (r = 0.76, p = 0.02), MCAPT and EA (r = 0.66, p = 0.03), MCDPT and EA (r = 0.69, p = 0.03), MVD and EA (r = 0.82, p = 0.01). Conclusions: Our data suggest that assessed tissue parameters increased from ANT to PDACT and that MCs are associated with angiogenesis in PDACT. On this basis inhibition of MCs by tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as masitinib or inhibition of tryptase by gabexate mesylate may be a novel antiangiogenetic approach in pancreatic cancer therapy.

scholarly journals The Degree of Practicing Distributed Leadership by Public Secondary School Principals in Amman Governorate and its Relation to Teachers’ Attitudes toward Work

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Emilia M. Nukari
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Distributed Leadership ◽  
School Principals ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Secondary School Principals ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Public Secondary School ◽  
The Mean

This study aimed at finding out the degree of practicing distributed leadership by public secondary school principals in Amman governorate and its relation to teachers&rsquo; attitudes toward work. The sample of the study consisted of (347) male and female teachers. They were chosen by using stratified random sample method. The descriptive correlational methodology was used. A questionnaire was used to collect data, after finding it validity and reliability. The findings of the study showed that the degree of practicing distributed leadership by public secondary school principals in Amman governorate from teachers&rsquo; point of view was low, The mean was (2.28) and a standard deviation of (0.23). The field of &ldquo;vision, mission and goals&rdquo; came in the first rank. Its mean was (2.31) and a standard deviation of (0.37). The field of leadership practices came in the final rank. The mean was (2.25) and a standard deviation of (0.35) and the level of teachers&rsquo; attitudes toward work was low too. There was a positive significant correlational relationship at (&alpha; &le; 0.05) between the degree of practicing distributed leadership by public secondary school principals and the level of teachers&rsquo; attitudes toward work. The Pearson correlation coefficient value was (0.30). The most important recommendations are: Conducting training courses on the distributed leadership of the principals of public secondary schools in Jordan. And that the Ministry of Education adopt the distributed leadership as a focal point in the evaluation process and the selection of school principals.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Midwifery Training Update on Midwife Knowledge Improvement in Midwifery Services in Magetan

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 174-179
Author(s):  
Nani Surtinah ◽  
Sunarto Sunarto
Keyword(s):  
Sample Selection ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group

2Department of Midwifery, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya, Indonesia; [email protected] ABSTRACT One of the efforts made to improve the knowledge, skills and competence of midwives is the Midwifery Update training. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of midwifery update training on increasing knowledge of midwives in midwifery services. The study design was a post-test only control group design. The population consisted of an experimental group of 41 people and a control group of 41 people. The experimental group had the midwifery update training in 2019, while the control group was midwives who had never attended midwifery update training in 2019. The experimental group and the control group were selected by using cluster sampling technique after that the sample selection used simple random sampling. Data analysis was used independent samples t -test. The mean knowledge results of the midwifery update group that had never attended midwifery update training was 55.11, while the mean knowledge results of the midwifery update group knowledge was 75.19. Based on the independent t-test, it was found that the t-count results were -8,987 with a p-value of 0.000 (

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