scholarly journals The System of Balinese Language Inheritance at International Tourism Destinations in Bali

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Ni Nyoman Seri Malini ◽  
Luh Putu Laksminy ◽  
Ni Ketut Ngurah Sulibra
Keyword(s):  
Language Change ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
First Language ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Language Preservation ◽  
Tourism Destinations ◽  
Theory Of Language ◽  
Younger Generation ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Study Sites

This study aims at finding out and analyzing the Balinese language preservation model by Balinese people, especially the young generation in tourism destinations, namely Sanur, Kuta, Ubud, Tanah Lot and Lovina. The research focuses on the following: 1) the patterns of usage of the language, 2) attitude of the younger generation towards Balinese language and 3) system of inheritance of mother tongue on those study sites. Data was obtained through observation and distribution of questionnaires, along with interview and note-taking techniques. Research samples are children and adolescents born in Bali and speak Balinese as their first language, and quota technique is applied to set the number of members for each group, i.e. 25 people. The data was analyzed using the theory of language choice and the theory of language change. The results show that the younger generation have positive attitude towards their native language, i.e. Balinese, and they still use it in all domains, especially within families and neighborhoods. The system of Balinese language inheritance occurred in both formal and informal ways. The formal way is through a medium to reinforce Balinese language as an obligatory lesson taught from elementary to high schools/vocational schools, publishing Regional Legislation implemented in a Decree and reflected in the curriculum. The informal way is through Balinese language revitalization: Balinese language succession to the next generation, Balinese language development by means of conducting research, seminars & congress. The development is aligned with the progress of science and technology, the utilization of Balinese language by using it as an inter-ethnic communication medium in everyday life and cultural activities, as well as the utilization of Balinese language on print media, i.e. Bali Post in columns named Orti Bali and Mediaswari.

FOREIGN LANGUAGE AND MOTHER TONGUE. Istvan Kecskes and Tünde Papp. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, 2000. Pp. xxv + 148. $39.95 cloth.

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-122
Author(s):  
Margaret A. DuFon
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
First Language ◽  
World Knowledge ◽  
Conceptual Base ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Theory Of Language ◽  
Positive Effect

Foreign language and mother tongue presents Kecskes and Papp's cognitive-pragmatic theory of language acquisition in bilinguals and multilinguals. The unique aspects of this theory are that it examines the positive effects of learning a second language on the first language and that it uses multicompetence rather than monocompetence as its starting point. The authors argue that “people who know more than one language have different knowledge of their first language L1 than do monolingual people, and this difference can be due to the effect of subsequent languages on the development and use of L1 skills” (p. ix). This is essentially their first hypothesis. Their second is that the more conscious, analytic, bottom-up approach to L2 learning can have a positive effect on the L1, which was learned using a more subconscious, synthetic, and top-down approach. Their third hypothesis is that because of a so-called common underlying conceptual base, new knowledge and behaviors obtained through the L2 can enhance the real-world knowledge and linguistic skills of learners in their L1 as well as in their L2.

Salvaging the Mother Tongue in Exile

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 187-204
Author(s):  
Tomás Espino Barrera
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
First Language ◽  
Language Attrition ◽  
The Past ◽  
Progressive Loss ◽  
First Language Attrition ◽  
Lost In Translation ◽  
Deliberate Effort ◽  
Deep Sense

The dramatic increase in the number of exiles and refugees in the past 100 years has generated a substantial amount of literature written in a second language as well as a heightened sensibility towards the progressive loss of fluency in the mother tongue. Confronted by what modern linguistics has termed ‘first-language attrition’, the writings of numerous exilic translingual authors exhibit a deep sense of trauma which is often expressed through metaphors of illness and death. At the same time, most of these writers make a deliberate effort to preserve what is left from the mother tongue by attempting to increase their exposure to poems, dictionaries or native speakers of the ‘dying’ language. The present paper examines a range of attitudes towards translingualism and first language attrition through the testimonies of several exilic authors and thinkers from different countries (Vladimir Nabokov's Speak, Memory, Hannah Arendt's interviews, Jorge Semprún's Quel beau dimanche! and Autobiografía de Federico Sánchez, and Eva Hoffman's Lost in Translation, among others). Special attention will be paid to the historical frameworks that encourage most of their salvaging operations by infusing the mother tongue with categories of affect and kinship.

FIRST AND SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNING THROUGH TEXTBOOKS IN ALBANIAN SCHOOLS (COMPARATIVE OVERVIEW OF ALBANIAN AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEXTBOOKS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 2319-2324
Author(s):  
Rina Muka ◽  
Irida Hoti
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Second Language Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
First Language ◽  
Grammatical Knowledge ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
The Third

The language acquired from the childhood is the language spoken in the family and in the place of living. This language is different from one pupil to another, because of their social, economical conditions. By starting the school the pupil faces first the ABC book and then in the second grade Albanian language learning through the Albanian language textbook. By learning Albanian language step by step focused on Reading, Writing, Speaking and Grammar the pupil is able to start learning the second language on the next years of schooling. So, the second language learning in Albanian schools is related to the first language learning (mother tongue), since the early years in primary school. In our schools, the second language (English, Italian) starts in the third grade of the elementary class. On the third grade isn’t taught grammar but the pupil is directed toward the correct usage of the language. The textbooks are structured in developing the pupil’s critical thinking. The textbooks are fully illustrated and with attractive and educative lessons adequate to the age of the pupils. This comparative study will reflect some important aspects of language learning in Albanian schools (focused on Albanian language - first language and English language - second language), grade 3-6. Our point of view in this paper will show not only the diversity of the themes, the lines and the sub-lines but also the level of language knowledge acquired at each level of education. First, the study will focus on some important issues in comparing Albanian and English language texts as well as those which make them different: chronology and topics retaken from one level of education to another, so by conception of linear and chronological order will be shown comparatively two learned languages (mother tongue and second language). By knowing and learning well mother tongue will be easier for the pupil the foreign language learning. The foreign language (as a learning curriculum) aims to provide students with the skills of using foreign language written and spoken to enable the literature to recognize the achievements of advanced world science and technology that are in the interest of developing our technique. Secondly, the study will be based on the extent of grammatical knowledge, their integration with 'Listening, Reading, Speaking and Writing' as well as the inclusion of language games and their role in language learning. The first and second language learning in Albanian schools (grade III-VI) is based on similar principles for the linearity and chronology of grammatical knowledge integrated with listening, reading, writing and speaking. The different structure of both books help the pupils integrate and use correctly both languages. In the end of the sixth grade, the pupils have good knowledge of mother tongue and the second language and are able to write and speak well both languages.

Code-Switching and Code Mixing in the Selected Tracks of the Hip Hop Music of Flavour and 9ice

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-70
Author(s):  
Balogun Sarah ◽  
Murana Muniru Oladayo
Keyword(s):  
Hip Hop ◽  
English Language ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
First Language ◽  
Music Industry ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
National Language ◽  
Code Mixing ◽  
Unique Identity

This article attempts a comparative analysis of code-switching and code-mixing in the Nigerian music industry, using the lyrics of Flavour and 9ice as a case study. Although the English language is the national language in Nigeria and the language used by most of the musicians for the composition of their songs, and due to the linguistic plurality of Nigeria, most of these musicians tend to lace their songs chunks of words and phrases from their mother tongue or at least one of the three major languages in Nigeria, which are Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba. The Markedness Model by Myers-Scotton (1993) is used as the framework to interrogate the switching and mixing in the codes used by these selected musicians and we find that while most code-switching is done in three languages – English, Nigerian Pidgin and the artist’ first language (mother tongue)  – their mother tongue plays the prominent role. Code-switching or code-mixing in these songs, therefore, becomes a depiction of the Nigerian state with its diverse languages and it provides the links between the literates and the illiterates thereby giving the artiste the popularity desired. The study concludes that the unique identity created by code-switching and code-mixing in the Nigerian music industry has a positive influence on music lovers, helping artists to achieve wide patronage and reflecting the ethnolinguistic diversity of the Nigerian nation.

scholarly journals From Co-Actionality to Extended Intersubjectivity: Drawing on Language Change and Ontogenetic Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio TANTUCCI
Keyword(s):  
Applied Research ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
First Language ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Behavioural Profile

Abstract This article combines research results centred on theory of mind (ToM) from cognitive and developmental psychology (Goldman 2006; Apperly 2010; Wilkinson and Ball 2012) with the notion of intersubjectivity in usage-based linguistics (i.a. Verhagen 2005; Nuyts 2012; Traugott 2012). It identifies some of the controversies in the literature from both domains and suggests the desiderata for a hybrid approach to intersubjectivity, which is distinctively designed to tackle applied research in social and cognitive sciences. This model is based on a mismatch between interaction as mere ‘co-action’ vs. interaction as spontaneously communicated awareness of an(other) mind(s). It provides a case study centred on the first language acquisition of pre-nominal usage of this/that and such. From, respectively, a distinctive collexeme (Gries and Stefanowitsch 2004) and behavioural profile analysis (Gries 2010) will emerge that beyond expressions of joint attention, children’s ToM ability progressively underpins ‘ad-hoc’ generalized instantiations based on extended intersubjectivity, viz. the socio-cognitive skill to problematize what a general persona would act, feel, or think in a specific context.

First and Second Language Learning: Same or Different?

1976 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Macnamara
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Second Language Learning ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
First Language ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Practical Guidelines ◽  
Considerable Body

The thesis of the following paper is that the process of learning a second language, if it produces successful results, is the same as that of learning a first language. The paper reviews various objections that have been raised against this thesis, and it discusses the considerable body of research which explores it. It examines the appropriateness of the research data for throwing light on the validity of the thesis. It concludes with some practical guidelines for language teachers drawn from observations of babies learning their mother tongue.

scholarly journals PERSEPSI GENERASI MUDA TERHADAP KEGIATAN PERTANIAN DI KELURAHAN BUHA KECAMATAN MAPANGET KOTA MANADO

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Sofya Werembinan ◽  
Caroline B. D. Pakasi ◽  
Lyndon R. J. Pangemanan
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Younger Generation ◽  
Parental Work

This study aims to determine the perceptions of the younger generation of agricultural activities in the Buha Sub-District of Mapanget District. This research was carried out from August 2017 to May 2018. Primary data was collected through interviews of 15 generations of young people with the help of filling out questionnaires. Secondary data was obtained from the Buha Village Office, Mapanget District. This analysis uses descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that the perception of the younger generation of agricultural activities in the Buha Sub-District is overall negative for agricultural activities. Viewed from internal factors include education, employment, gender and age. The higher the level of education, the wider the insight of the younger generation so that the lack of interest in the younger generation in agricultural activities is getting bigger. The younger generation who already have permanent jobs in the non-agricultural sector look down on agricultural activities because they assume that agricultural activities have a low social level. Women have a low interest in agricultural activities because they assume that agricultural activities are not suitable for women because it will damage their appearance. Respondents aged 21-30 years have a low interest in agricultural activities, in addition to reduced agricultural land. External factors include socialization, parental work status and land ownership status. The younger generation with a low level of socialization results in a lack of interest in the younger generation in agricultural activities. Parents of respondents who work in agriculture or non-agriculture do not want their children to make agricultural activities the main job. The young generation whose parents still own agricultural land is still doing agricultural activities to help their parents work on their farms.

scholarly journals Instructional language dilemma and challenges in Ghana's education system: any prospects?

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 153-172
Author(s):  
Y.A. Ankomah
Keyword(s):  
Mother Tongue ◽  
First Language ◽  
College Of Education ◽  
First Year ◽  
Medium Of Instruction ◽  
Language Usage ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
English Usage ◽  
Main Medium

language plays a pivotal role in educational provision and its quality as it is the main medium that facilitates communication between the learner and the teacher. Since the introduction of the first official school language policy in 1925, there has been the dilemma of what nature the policy is to take, spanning from first language as medium of instruction for the first three years of primary school, through first language usage for the first year only to an all-English usage for the first year only to an all –English usage throughout school. The study was a baseline cross-sectional survey on the perceptions of stakeholders on the language of instructions in Ghanaian basic schools. Eighty seven respondents comprising 36 pupils, 36 parents, nine teachers and three heads from three basic schools and six tutors from a college of education were interviewed on their views and perception on the used of the local language as medium of instruction in basic schools. The literature and the present study reveal that currently stakeholders will not support one exclusive language, English or Ghanaian first language, as medium of instruction at the early stages of school due to entrenched perceptions, not withstanding whatever possible advantages there may be. The obvious choice is a mother tongue-based bilingual arrangement that effectively combines the advantages of Ghanaian first language and English. But its success calls for commitment by policymakers and other stakeholders.

scholarly journals Language Change and Language Acquisition

Nordlyd ◽  
10.7557/12.21 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorbjörg Hróarsdóttir
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Universal Grammar ◽  
First Language ◽  
Language Performance ◽  
Previous Generation ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Diachronic Changes

The aim of this paper is to present diachronic changes in terms of the conditions of first language acquisition. Grammars, seen as mental organs, may change between two generations. A change is initiated when (a population of) learners converge on a grammatical system which differs in at least one parameter value from the system internalized by the speakers of the previous generation. Learnability issues then connect to both language acquisition and language change, and understanding language changes depends on understanding how children acquire their native language. Acquisition is a process in which Universal Grammar (UG) interacts with a context-specific set of Primary Linguistic Data (PLD: the linguistic input to the child-learner) and uses these PLD as the source for triggers or cues that map the innate (preexperience) knowledge to a mature grammar. If a certain phenomenon has survived through many generations, it must have been reflected clearly in the PLD. Then, if we note that it has changed, something in the language performance of the previous generation must have changed, and thereby paved the way for a new interpretation. Innovation leading to linguistic variation in the PLD and gradual changes in PLD play a central role in the explanation here: the immediate cause of a grammar change must lie in some alternation in the PLD. We will look at how the language spoken in a certain community (E-language) may gradually become different from the language that originally served as the triggering experience. These changes in the E-language also mean changes in the input available to the child-learners of the next generation and a motivation for a different parameter setting has arisen.

scholarly journals Pengajian Remaja Dan Kontribusinya Dalam Pembentukan Akhlak Generasi Muda Di Bulak Setro Surabaya

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-132
Author(s):  
Achmad Nawawi
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Research Technique ◽  
Younger Generation ◽  
Congregation Members ◽  
Islamic Society

Spiritual spirits is a non-formal education activities conducted in a place of worship in an Islamic society as a place to deepen and examine the knowledge of religion, whether morals, worship, or muamalah. While the material is taught in spiritually spirited teen Bulak Setro is more to morality material that aims to shape morals on the younger generation. While teenagers spiritual spirits efforts conducted by teenagers Bulak Setro in forming the morality of the young generation that is by providing education, pedagogy, habituation, and exemplary to the congregation (members) sprinkling the spiritual. This research uses qualitative approach, with observation research technique, documentation, and interview. As for data analysis in this study using qualitative analysis. The credible test uses triangulation or checking data from multiple sources in various ways and times. The study of adolescents has a huge contribution in the formation of morality of the younger generation in the future, the region prepares its generation with positive things so it becomes a habit for teenagers to attend a recitation, as an exercise to cultivate a sense of responsibility by becoming a tutor, without losing their adolescence, because people still give them the freedom to play and hang out like any other teenager.

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