scholarly journals Indigenous Therapeutics of Alzheimer: A Review of Ayurvedic Herbs from its Ethnobotany to Phytotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 4178-4191
Keyword(s):  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ayurvedic Medicine ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Evolvulus Alsinoides

Ayurveda, often known as Ayurvedic medicine, is a customized system of the traditional system of medicine with historical roots in the Indian subcontinent. This alternative medicine system has been used for more than 5,000 years in India, and it is grounded on a holistic view of treatment that stimulates and supports equilibrium in diverse facets of human life: the body, soul, and mind. A great variety of herbs and plants are used in Ayurveda for numerous advantages; however, the popular Ayurvedic medicinal plants and formulations that are used to delay the aging of the human brain and improve memory consist of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri), Shankhpushpi (Convolvulus pluricaulis, Evolvulus alsinoides, and other species), gotu kola (Centella asiatica), and guggulu (Commiphora mukul and correlated species) and a preparation identified as Brāhmī Ghṛita, containing Brahmi, Vacā (Acorus calamus), Kuṣṭha (Saussurea lappa), Shankhpushpi, and Purāṇa Ghṛita (old clarified butter/old ghee). One of the extremely common progressive neurodegenerative disorders is Alzheimer s disease (AD), which is characterized by profound memory loss ample enough to hinder social and occupational functioning. Globally, more than 20 million people are affected by this most common form of dementia. AD is characterized by a stealthy loss of memory, allied functional decline, and behavioral disturbances. With modern scientific methods, it is anticipated that this description can be further explored to disclose novel therapeutic pointers and push-start additional studies on the use of Ayurvedic medicine to prevent and treat AD. This paper reviews the clinical effects of a number of generally used types of herbal medicines to treat AD.

scholarly journals Ayurvedic Medicine for the Treatment of Dementia: Mechanistic Aspects

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhlaq A. Farooqui ◽  
Tahira Farooqui ◽  
Anil Madan ◽  
Jolin Hwee-Jing Ong ◽  
Wei-Yi Ong
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ayurvedic Medicine ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Sites Of Action

Ayurvedic medicine is a personalized system of traditional medicine native to India and the Indian subcontinent. It is based on a holistic view of treatment which promotes and supports equilibrium in different aspects of human life: the body, mind, and soul. Popular Ayurvedic medicinal plants and formulations that are used to slow down brain aging and enhance memory include Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri), Shankhpushpi (Convolvulus pluricaulis, Evolvulus alsinoides, and other species), gotu kola (Centella asiatica), and guggulu (Commiphora mukul and related species) and a formulation known as Brāhmī Ghṛita, containing Brahmi, Vacā (Acorus calamus), Kuṣṭha (Saussurea lappa), Shankhpushpi, and Purāṇa Ghṛita (old clarified butter/old ghee). The rationale for the utilization of Ayurvedic medicinal plants has depended mostly on traditional usage, with little scientific data on signal transduction processes, efficacy, and safety. However, in recent years, pharmacological and toxicological studies have begun to be published and receive attention from scientists for verification of their claimed pharmacological and therapeutic effects. The purpose of this review is to outline the molecular mechanisms, signal transduction processes, and sites of action of some Ayurvedic medicinal plants. It is hoped that this description can be further explored with modern scientific methods, to reveal new therapeutic leads and jump-start more studies on the use of Ayurvedic medicine for prevention and treatment of dementia.

scholarly journals Evolvulus alsinoides (Linn.) Linn.: A Revitalizer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harshavardhini Kuppusamy R ◽  
Jananipriya Srinivasan ◽  
Pavithra Sundaramoorthy ◽  
Kannan Kilavan Packiam
Keyword(s):  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Ayurvedic Medicine ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Metabolic Functions ◽  
Evolvulus Alsinoides ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Cytotoxicity Effects

Herbal medicines are utilized as traditional and alternative therapy to precisely restore declining metabolic functions. Herbal bioactive claims its rewards for their effectiveness, safety, and acceptability. Evolvulus alsinoides (Linn.) Linn. is a Virya herb from Convolvulaceae with Tridoshhara, Majjadhatu Rasayan, Vajikarak, Chedan, and Nidrajanan properties. In Ayurvedic medicine, the whole plant is used in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases as brain tonic, amnesia and asthma, epilepsy and as a hepatoprotective. The phytochemical analysis has reported the existence of biomolecules such as β-sitosterol, scopolin, scopoletin, umbelliferon, triacontane, shankpushpine and betaine. A thorough review of classical as well as contemporary literature study has been done on Evolvulus alsinoides (Linn.) Linn. to validate the pharmacological actions and cytotoxicity effects on various cell lines.

scholarly journals Indian Medicinal Herbs and Formulations for Alzheimer’s Disease, from Traditional Knowledge to Scientific Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 964
Author(s):  
Jogender Mehla ◽  
Pooja Gupta ◽  
Monika Pahuja ◽  
Deepti Diwan ◽  
Diksha Diksha
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Neurofibrillary Tangle ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Evolvulus Alsinoides ◽  
Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activity

Cognitive impairment, associated with ageing, stress, hypertension and various neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson’s disease and epilepsy, is a major health issue. The present review focuses on Alzheimer’s disease (AD), since it is the most important cause of cognitive impairment. It is characterized by progressive memory loss, language deficits, depression, agitation, mood disturbances and psychosis. Although the hallmarks of AD are cholinergic dysfunction, β-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangle formation, it is also associated with derangement of other neurotransmitters, elevated levels of advanced glycation end products, oxidative damage, neuroinflammation, genetic and environmental factors. On one hand, this complex etiopathology makes a response to commonly used drugs such as donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine and memantine less predictable and often unsatisfactory. On the other hand, it supports the use of herbal medicines due to their nonspecific antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity and specific cholinesterase inhibitory activity. The popularity of herbal medicines is also increasing due to their perceived effectiveness, safety and affordability. In the present article, the experimental and clinical evidence have been reviewed for various Indian herbal medicines such as Centella asiatica, Bacopa monnieri, Curcuma longa, Clitoria ternatea, Withania somnifera, Celastrus paniculatus, Evolvulus alsinoides, Desmodium gangeticum, Eclipta alba, Moringa oleifera and Convolvulus pluricaulis, which have shown potential in cognitive impairment. Some commonly available herbal formulations for memory impairment in India have also been reviewed.

The antitoxic and protective effects of Curcuma longa and it`s active agent, Curcumin: оverview

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
A. Khisamova ◽  
O. Gizinger
Keyword(s):  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Daily Stress ◽  
Anti Cancer

In the modern world, where a person is exposed to daily stress, increased physical exertion, the toxic effect of various substances, including drugs. The task of modern science is to find antioxidants for the body. These can be additives obtained both synthetically and the active substances that we get daily from food. Such a striking example is turmeric, obtained from the plant Curcuma longa. Recently, it has been known that curcumin has an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer effect and, thanks to these effects, plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of various diseases, in particular, from cancer to autoimmune, neurological, cardiovascular and diabetic diseases. In addition, much attention is paid to increasing the biological activity and physiological effects of curcumin on the body through the synthesis of curcumin analogues. This review discusses the chemical and physical characteristics, analogues, metabolites, the mechanisms of its physiological activity and the effect of curcumin on the body.

Chronic Hypoxia as a Potential Factor in Human Life-threatening Diseases

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 3759-3762
Author(s):  
Sandhya MNVS ◽  
Vanitha K ◽  
Ramesh A
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hypoxia ◽  
Atmospheric Oxygen ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Otto Warburg ◽  
Regular Treatment ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Cancerous Cell

The review article focuses on the importance of adequate oxygen levels in the body as cure and therapy for many ailments. It is known that hypoxia is the cause for cellular damage and if it can be applied to major patho-physiology’s, it can be observed that slow and chronic hypoxic conditions are the cause for most of the diseases. On the contrary, providing each cell of the body with proper oxygen may be helpful in maintaining the immunity of the body and therefore treating many disease conditions. This theory, if tested may show positive results in heart related diseases, neuronal disorders, stresses, digestive disorders and the unresolved cancer too. Slow decrease in the levels of atmospheric oxygen could be a reason to induce chronic hypoxia. According to Dr. Otto Warburg, a Noble laurate, a normal cell when deprived of oxygen, may get converted to a cancerous cell, whereas a cancerous cell cannot survive in aerobic conditions. If this part of his research be concentrated on, there could be fruitful results in the treatment of cancer. To maintain adequate levels of oxygen in the body, simple yogic breathing practices are helpful. And to maintain the adequate atmospheric oxygen, trees and plants which cleanse the atmospheric air are useful. Clinical surveys on volunteers who have been practicing regular breathing exercises can prove the fact that proper and concentrated respiration could prevent many diseases. Thus, supplementing breathing exercises along with the regular treatment for cancer patients could be helpful in alleviating cancer and other diseases.

scholarly journals Migration of Silver and Copper Nanoparticles from Food Coating

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Hamed Ahari ◽  
Leila Khoshboui Lahijani
Keyword(s):  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Inductively Coupled

Packaging containing nanoparticles (NPs) can increase the shelf life of products, but the presence of NPs may hazards human life. In this regard, there are reports regarding the side effect and cytotoxicity of nanoparticles. The main aim of this research was to study the migration of silver and copper nanoparticles from the packaging to the food matrix as well as the assessment techniques. The diffusion and migration of nanoparticles can be analyzed by analytical techniques including atomic absorption, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, as well as X-ray diffraction, spectroscopy, migration, and titration. Inductively coupled plasma-based techniques demonstrated the best results. Reports indicated that studies on the migration of Ag/Cu nanoparticles do not agree with each other, but almost all studies agree that the migration of these nanoparticles is higher in acidic environments. There are widespread ambiguities about the mechanism of nanoparticle toxicity, so understanding these nanoparticles and their toxic effects are essential. Nanomaterials that enter the body in a variety of ways can be distributed throughout the body and damage human cells by altering mitochondrial function, producing reactive oxygen, and increasing membrane permeability, leading to toxic effects and chronic disease. Therefore, more research needs to be done on the development of food packaging coatings with consideration given to the main parameters affecting nanoparticles migration.

scholarly journals Preclinical and Clinical Effects of Mistletoe against Breast Cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Marvibaigi ◽  
Eko Supriyanto ◽  
Neda Amini ◽  
Fadzilah Adibah Abdul Majid ◽  
Saravana Kumar Jaganathan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Remission Rate ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Mistletoe Extract

Breast cancer is among the most frequent types of cancer in women worldwide. Current conventional treatment options are accompanied by side effects. Mistletoe is amongst the important herbal medicines traditionally used as complementary remedies. An increasing number of studies have reported anticancer activity of mistletoe extracts on breast cancer cells and animal models. Some recent evidence suggests that cytotoxic activity of mistletoe may be mediated through different mechanisms. These findings provide a good base for clinical trials. Various studies on mistletoe therapy for breast cancer patients revealed similar findings concerning possible benefits on survival time, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), remission rate, and alleviating adverse reactions to conventional therapy. This review provides an overview of the recent findings on preclinical experiments and clinical trials of mistletoe for its cytotoxic and antitumor activity and its effect on HRQoL in breast cancer patients. Moreover, studies investigating molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying antitumor activity of mistletoe are discussed in this paper. The analyzed trials provided evidence that there might be a combination of pharmacological and motivational aspects mediated by the mistletoe extract application which may contribute to the clinical benefit and positive outcome such as improved HRQoL and self-regulation in breast cancer patients.

Antiviral and Immunity-modulating Natural Herbs in the Prevention of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-94
Author(s):  
Sonali S Gadge
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum

The COVID-19 has spread all over the world and there is no single drug or medicine for the prevention and the treatment of this deadly disease. One can get prevention from this disease by boosting the immune system. Persons with weak immune system e.g. children, elder patients or patients with preexisting diseases affect rapidly due to coronavirus. This novel coronavirus attacks mainly on the person immunity. For the centuries the herbal medicinal plants have many beneficial effects against deadly viruses. Herbal medicines provide a rich resource for new antiviral drug development. These natural agents interact with the life cycle of virus such as virus entry, replication, assembly and release. In this review, the importance, immunomodulator, antiviral and pharmacological activities of some medicinal plants, namely, Allium Sativum, Zingiber Officinalis, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Curcuma longa, Ocimum sanctum, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Ginseng, Black pepper, Emblica officinalis, Withania somnifera, Tinospora cordifolia, Echinacea purpurea, Azadirachta indica, Piper betel, Eugenia caryophyllata, Cinchona calisaya, Nigella sativa, Cuminum cyminum are highlighted. These medicinal plants have many phytoconstituents like alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, flavonoids, lactones, polysaccharides, volatile oils, tannins, resins, etc which are helpful for boosting immunity and will help in the prevention and in the management of COVID-19. Several types of research attempted to use herbal medicines against COVID-19.

scholarly journals Adverse events with ayurvedic medicines- possible adulteration and some inherent toxicities

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buddhi Paudyal ◽  
Astha Thapa ◽  
Keshav Raj Sigdel ◽  
Sudeep Adhikari ◽  
Buddha Basnyat
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Ayurvedic Medicine ◽  
Gold Salt ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Wide Range

Ayurvedic medicine, a traditional system of medicine practiced in the Indian subcontinent is considered to be devoid of adverse events. We report three cases which highlight the possibility of adverse events related with the use of ayurvedic products. A 35 year old woman with hepatitis took ayurvedic powder medicine and swarnabhasma (gold salt) and had her liver injury worsened, possibly due to alkaloids, and developed nephrotic syndrome, possibly due to gold salt. A 57 year old hypertensive man was taking ayurvedic medicine containing reserpine which had long been withdrawn from the allopathic system of medicine due to wide range of side effects. A 47 year old woman with rheumatoid arthritis was taking an unknown tablet containing steroid as an adulterant for 2 years and developed side effects typical of steroid excess. We would like to highlight the fact that ayurvedic medicines do have propensity to cause adverse events due to adulteration or inherent constituents like alkaloids, and hence may not always be completely safe.

scholarly journals Quality Control of Herbal Medicines: From Traditional Techniques to State-of-the-art Approaches

Planta Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz C. Klein-Junior ◽  
Maira R. de Souza ◽  
Johan Viaene ◽  
Tania M. B. Bresolin ◽  
André L. de Gasper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Botanical Origin ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Marker Selection ◽  
Chromatographic Profile ◽  
Oriented Approach

AbstractHerbal medicines are important options for the treatment of several illnesses. Although their therapeutic applicability has been demonstrated throughout history, several concerns about their safety and efficacy are raised regularly. Quality control of articles of botanical origin, including plant materials, plant extracts, and herbal medicines, remains a challenge. Traditionally, qualitative (e.g., identification and chromatographic profile) and quantitative (e.g., content analyses) markers are applied for this purpose. The compound-oriented approach may stand alone in some cases (e.g., atropine in Atropa belladonna). However, for most plant materials, plant extracts, and herbal medicines, it is not possible to assure quality based only on the content or presence/absence of one (sometimes randomly selected) compound. In this sense, pattern-oriented approaches have been extensively studied, introducing the use of multivariate data analysis on chromatographic/spectroscopic fingerprints. The use of genetic methods for plant material/plant extract authentication has also been proposed. In this study, traditional approaches are reviewed, although the focus is on the applicability of fingerprints for quality control, highlighting the most used approaches, as well as demonstrating their usefulness. The literature review shows that a pattern-oriented approach may be successfully applied to the quality assessment of articles of botanical origin, while also providing directions for a compound-oriented approach and a rational marker selection. These observations indicate that it may be worth considering to include fingerprints and their data analysis in the regulatory framework for herbal medicines concerning quality control since this is the foundation of the holistic view that these complex products demand.

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