scholarly journals Occupation-related physical activities in osteoarthritis of the knee in female

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
Mohammed Emran ◽  
Syed Mozaffar Ahmed ◽  
Md. Israt Hasan ◽  
Ali Emran
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Osteoarthritis Of The Knee ◽  
Case Group ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Climbing Stairs

The aim of this study was to determine the role of occupation-related physical activities in the osteoarthritis of the knee. The study was conducted on 87 female patients from September 2016 to August 2017. The same number of healthy females of the same age group were included as a control. Data was collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire, enquiring about demographic data and details of risk factors. There were statistically significant (p<0.05) changes in the occupation-related physical activities like sustained knee bending, climbing stairs (>10 flights/day), kneeling (>30 min/day), squatting (>30 min/day), in patients when compared to the control group. However, there were no significant changes in other occupation-related physical activities. Obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) patients were found 29.9% in the patient and 17.2% in the control group. Patients with a positive family history of osteoarthritis of the knee were 13.8% in the case group and 3.4% in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) between the two groups. In conclusion, occupation-related physical activities like sustained knee bending, climbing stairs, kneeling and squatting had a significant association with osteoarthritis of the knee in the female.

Prevalence of ADHD in children born by mothers consuming Frankincense during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alimohammad Ranjbar ◽  
Elahe Kamali Ardakani ◽  
Rahele Zareshahi
Keyword(s):  
Data Gathering ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Positive Effect

Aims: In Iranian culture, due to some narratives from the prophet Mohammad about the use of frankincense during pregnancy for increasing IQ in children, some women consume frankincense during expectancy. This study's goal is to evaluate the relationship between frankincense used during pregnancy and the incidence of ADHD. Methods: In this study, the case group comprised children 4-17 years old referring to Shahid Chamran Pharmacy in Yazd from summer to winter 2018 for receiving Methylphenidate, those with whom a psychologist had identified ADHD based on DSM-V factors.  The control group included children of the same age group but without ADHD. For data gathering, a checklist was used with some questions on smoking, family history of ADHD, presence/absence of a specific disease during pregnancy, frankincense used during pregnancy, and a chemical medication consumed during pregnancy. Results: The main result demonstrated that the children whose mothers used frankincense during pregnancy were 0.67 times less likely to be affected by ADHD than those whose mothers did not use this substance. However, the difference failed to be statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: Some studies report that frankincense can bear a positive effect on the development of the brain and possibly adequate formation of dendrites trees, axons and induce proper communication between them, so the impact of frankincense on the brain may be justified by its protective effect against the hyperactive child.

scholarly journals A Case-Control Study on the Relationship Between Cholecystectomy and Cholangiocarcinoma in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donglie Zhu ◽  
Hang Fu ◽  
Zelong Yang ◽  
Mingzuo Jiang ◽  
Yanjie Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Hepatic Hemangioma ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Aims: The present study aimed to explore the correlation between cholecystectomy and cholangiocarcinoma, and to provide preliminary clinical basis for precise cholecystectomy in China.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 9744 patients with cholangiocarcinoma, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, femoral fracture, and hepatic hemangioma diagnosed in Xijing hospital from August 2008 to August 2018. They were divided into three groups: case group (1749 cases of cholangiocarcinoma), positive control group (3137 cases of colon cancer and 1950 cases of pancreatic cancer), negative control group (1794 cases of femoral fracture and 1114 cases of hepatic hemangioma). We collected the general information (gender, age), past medical history, cholecystectomy history from the patients, and these data were analyzed by chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. Results: The cholecystectomy rate of the case group was significantly higher than that of the positive control group and the negative control group by chi-square test (p<0.025). The cholecystectomy rate and the history of cholecystolithiasis were analyzed by logistic multivariate regression analysis. The OR values of cholecystectomy rate were 1.553 (95%CI: 1.311-1.840) and 3.181 (95%CI: 2.561-3.951), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.000). The OR values of the history of cholecystolithiasis were 2.460 (95%CI: 2.093-2.890) and 5.426 (95%CI: 4.325-6.809), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.000). In case group, the difference between cholecystectomy and cholecystolithiasis was statistically significant (p<0.000) by chi-square test. Conclusions: In conclusion, cholecystectomy is one of the risk factors of cholangiocarcinoma and the patients who undergo cholecystectomy have a higher risk of cholangiocarcinoma than the control groups. Cholecystectomy should be conducted with caution and the precise surgical treatment of gallbladder diseases is advocated.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Clinical Symptoms and Serum Lead Level in Patients with History of Oral Opium Use being Admitted to Hazrat Rasoul Akram, Firoozgar, Firoozabadi and Haft Tir Hospitals, Tehran

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Majid Rezaei Tavirani ◽  
Hazhir Heidari Beigvand
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Opiate Addicts

Introduction: Drug abuse and its complications is a socio-health problem in Middle Eastern countries such as Iran. Smugglers may add lead to drug during drug production, which is in order to increase its weight for greater benefit. Considering the frequency of the patients with various complaints among Iranians, this study was designed and conducted to evaluate the clinical symptoms and serum levels of lead in patients being admitted to Hazrat Rasoul Akram, Firoozgar, Firouzabadi and Haft Tir hospitals with any complaints. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, serum levels of lead were measured in 128 samples in case and control groups. The case group consisted of 64 patients using oral opium who being admitted to Rasoul Akram and Firoozgar, Haft Tir and Firouzabadi hospitals with different complaints in May 2017. The control group consisted of 64 patients with no history of addiction that were homogenized with the case group in terms of age and sex. They were evaluated for serum levels of lead and other variables. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: The mean serum lead level was 76.34±17.82 in the group using opium and was 7.68±3.72 in the control group that the difference was statistically significant (P <0.001). The most common complaints of patients were abdominal pain and symptoms of bowel obstruction. The mean rate of oral opium consumption was 1.73±0.23 in subjects under 50 years old and with a mean of 2.89±0.27 in subjects over 50 years old. Serum lead level was significantly (P = 0.032) increased compared to the amount consumed. Duration of oral opium consumption was 5 months to 30 years with a mean of 15.24 years, which was not significantly correlated to serum lead level (P = 0.213). Also, the hemoglobin range was significantly correlated to different levels of lead in patients consuming oral opium (P = 0.027). Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed a high mean serum lead level in oral opium addicts in the study population. The results also confirm numerous reports suggesting the definitive diagnosis of lead poisoning as a justifying factor in addicted patients with nonspecific symptoms, which may indicate the need for serum lead level screening in opiate addicts to prevent more serious complications.

scholarly journals Graves-Basedow disease and potential risk factors

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 633-638
Author(s):  
Dusica Zivanovic ◽  
Sandra Sipetic ◽  
Marina Stamenkovic-Radak ◽  
Jelena Milasin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Genetic Syndrome ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of

Background/Aim. Graves-Basedow disease is a common multifactorial genetic syndrome, which is determined by several genes and environmental factors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of risk factors for developing Graves-Basedow disease between the groups of individuals with and without Graves-Basedow disease, and to compare the presence of risk factors between the affected individuals with or without positive family history for Graves- Basedow disease. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Cuprija (central Serbia) during a period from December 2001 to April 2002. The case group comprised 132 individuals diagnosed with Graves-Basedow disease. The control group comprised 130 subjects without any of endocrine diseases. All participants were interviewed at the Medical Center Cuprija using structural questionnaire. Data were collected on basic demographic characteristics, exposure to various chemical and physical agents, stress, smoking and family history of Graves-Basedow disease. In statistical analysis chi-square test was used. Results. The individuals with Graves-Basedow disease were statistically significantly older (above 50) (p = 0.020), exposed to stress (p = 0.024) and to physical agents (p = 0.031), and had significantly (p = 0.000) more relatives with Graves-Basedow disease than those without the disease. Among the affected individuals with positive family history of Graves-Basedow disease the number of women was significantly higher (p = 0.000), than the affected individuals without positive family history of Graves- Basedow disease. Conclusion. In our study, as in many other, gender, age, positive family history of Graves-Basedow disease and exposure to physical agents were identified as potential risk factors for the increased incidence of Graves- Basedow disease. Different risk factors are probably responsible for developing Graves-Basedow disease among the affected individuals with or without positive family history of Graves-Basedow disease. .

scholarly journals ROLE OF HEPATITIS B AND HEPATITS C VIRUS COINFECTION IN TB DEVELOPMENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Pudji Lestari ◽  
Ivan Rahmatullah ◽  
Dwi Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Female Respondent ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
History Of

Tuberculosis developed differently in each individual. The role of HIV in the disease development is widely known unlike the role of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C infection. Therefore, this study is aimed at to describe the role of those co-infections in the TB development. The study employed observational – case control design with two groups, case and control group. Data collection include TB condition, whether latent or manifest, and history of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C co-infection. The study successfully recruited the total of 32 respondents in each group. At the case group, the number of male and respondent is 19 and 13. Meanwhile, at the control group the number male respondent is 10 and the female respondent is 22. The study found that 20 and 12 respondents were positive Hepatitis B at the case and the control group. Chi-square test resulted significant different between two groups (P=0.0455 and a =0.05) with odd ratio p=0.479. Meanwhile, the study only tested one respondent with positive Hepatitis C at case group and one at control group. Comparison analysis found no significant different between groups (P=1 and a =0.05). This study reveals that TB patients are more likely to have history of Hepatitis B 2.7 times than those at the control group with the same infection but without TB development. Therefore, the possibility of Hepatitis B co-infection has role in the TB manifestation, but not for Hepatitis C co-infection.

scholarly journals LIPOPROTEIN(a) DAN KEBAHAYAAN SINDROM KORONER AKUT

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Ira Puspitawati ◽  
Setyawati Setyawati ◽  
Dyah Wulan Anggrahini ◽  
Diah Saraswati ◽  
Aisyah Ratna Yuniarti
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Indonesian Population ◽  
History Of ◽  
Baseline Characteristics ◽  
Control Study

One of the risk factors of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) still controversial is Lipoprotein(a). Lp(a) is one of the lipid componentshighly homologous to plasminogen and which may compete with it in the fibrinolytic pathway and has an atherogenic effect. Prior to thestudy many variaties in results have been shown. These variations are related to different population and ethnics, thus, the researcherswere triggered to investigate the role of Lp(a) on the ACS in the Indonesian population. This case control study was conducted at theSardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia consisting of 40 participants in ACS as the case group and other 40 persons sufferingfrom Stable Angina Pectoris (SAP) as a control group. This study lasted from May−December 2011. The Lp(a) was measured usingturbidimetric immunoassay method while other laboratory results were obtained from the medical records. The results of this studyshowed that high Lp(a) level (more than 30 mg/dL) was the risk factor of ACS (RR=2.818, CI: 1.069–7.426). There was no difference ofthe baseline characteristics such as: the history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, as well as in other laboratory parameters suchas: lipid profile, hemoglobine and uric acid level in the case as well as the control group. Significant differences were found in leucocytenumber, creatinine and blood glucose level. The median level of those parameters was found higher in the case group.

HUBUNGAN TUNGAU DEBU RUMAH, PAPARAN ASAP ROKOK DAN RIWAYAT PENYAKIT KELUARGA TERHADAP KEJADIAN ASMA BRONKIAL PADA ANAK USIA 5 – 10 TAHUN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS LEMPAKE KOTA SAMARINDA TAHUN 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sri Evi New Yearsi Pangadongan ◽  
Agustina Rahyu ◽  
Selvy Pasulu
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
History Of ◽  
Weather Changes ◽  
And Gender

Bronchial Asthma generally starts from childhood which is condition where respiration channel experiences constriction because of hyperactivity with some specific stimulation which cause inflammation. Some risk factors are smoking exposure of cigarette smoke, weather changes, mite on house dirt, pet and history of family sickness. The purpose of this research is to know Relation of mite on house dirt, exposure of cigarette smoke  and history of family sickness with bronchial asthma incident to child 5 – 10  years old on working area of Puskesmas Lempake Samarinda City in 2016. Method which used was analytic survey with Case Control approaching. The total sample was 36 children which consisted of 18 case group and 18 control group with matching by using age and gender which submitted with Purposive Sampling technique. Data Analysis used Chi Square with wrong degree α = 0,005. The result showed that there was relation of mite of house dirt (p = 0,006), history of family sickness (p = 0,001) and no relation with exposure of cigarette smoke (p = 0,370) with bronchial asthma incident to child 5 – 10 years old on working area of Puskesmas Lempake Samarinda City in 2016.

Faktor-Faktor Determinan yang melatar belakangi Kehamilan Remaja di Desa Pandansari Kecamatan Poncokusumo Kabupaten Malang

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-255
Author(s):  
Maria Magdalena Setyaningsih ◽  
Emy Sutiyarsih
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Teen Pregnancy ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

Kehamilan remaja adalah kehamilan yang terjadi pada remaja berusia kurang dari 20 tahunan. Kehamilan remaja memberikan banyak kerugian bagi kesehatan, mental dan psikologis, kesejahteraan ekonomi dan peluang karier, kemiskinan dan prospek kehidupan masa depan remaja. Tujuan penelitian mengidentifikasi faktor determinan yang melatarbelakangi terjadinya kehamilan remaja. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian analitik kategorik jenis survei kuantitatif dengan desain case control. Populasi semua perempuan yang bertempat tinggal di wilayah dusun Wonosari, Sukosari, dan Krajan Pandansari dan pernah/sedang hamil pertama kali pada usia kurang dari 20 tahun. Teknik pengambilan sampel cluster random sampling besar sampel 73. Berdasarkan hasil model akhir analisis multivariat, diketahui bahwa variabel pendidikan, riwayat kehamilan remaja pada keluarga dan usia menikah merupakan variabel yang berhubungan dengan kejadian kehamilan remaja setelah dikontrol oleh variabel akses informasi, responden berpendidikan rendah memiliki peluang 20,8 kali lebih tinggi, responden yang memiliki riwayat kehamilan remaja pada keluarga memiliki peluang 14,9 kali lebih tinggi, responden yang menikah pada usia <20 tahun memiliki peluang 12,1 kali lebih tinggi, responden dengan pemahaman yang kurang baik terkait penggunaan kondom memiliki peluang 5,9 kali lebih tinggi untuk terjadi kehamilan remaja. Oleh karena itu perlu dibangun karakter buiding, sosial karakter suport untuk para ibu remaja dan keluarga sehingga terbangun interaksi yang baik dalam keluarga yang dilandasi dengan pendidikan dan pemahaman yang baik tentang Pendidikan seksualitas. Teen pregnancy is a pregnancy that occurs in adolescents aged less than 20 years old. Teen pregnancy provides many disadvantages for health, mental, psychological, economic well-being, career opportunities, poverty, and the future life. The aim of the study was to identify the determinants underlying teen pregnancy incidence. This study was a quantitative study with categorical analytic method. The study design used a case control with two comparison groups. The groups were control group and case group. The population in this study was all women who lived in the Wonosari, Sukosari, and Krajan Pandansari district and had or were pregnant for the first time at the age of less than 20 years old. Seventy three respondents were recruited using cluster sampling technique. The case group consists of women who were or had pregnant for the first time at the age of less than 20 years old and their children are currently aged ≤ 1 years old. The control group consists of women who were pregnant for the first time at the age of > 20 years old. The data was collected using a questionnaire. The findings showed that education, history of teen pregnancy in family and the age of marriage were related to the incidence of teen pregnancy after being controlled by information access. Low-educated respondents had 20.8 times higher chance of experiencing teen pregnancy; respondents with a history of teen pregnancy in the family had 4.9 times higher chance of experiencing teen pregnancy; respondents who were married at the age of < 20 years old had 12.1 times higher chance of experiencing teen pregnancy; respondents with poor understanding of condom use had 5.9 times higher chance of teenage pregnancy. In conclusion, the findings suggest to build good interactions in the family based on education and a good understanding of sex education.

scholarly journals Association of interleukin-17A rs2275913 polymorphism with rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility in Sudanese population

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110202
Author(s):  
Rgda Mohamed Osman ◽  
Mounkaila Noma ◽  
Abdallah Elssir Ahmed ◽  
Hanadi Abdelbagi ◽  
Rihab Ali Omer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Molecular Technique ◽  
Interleukin 17A ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease. This study aimed to determine the association of interleukin-17A-197G/A polymorphism with rheumatoid arthritis in Sudanese patients. Methods: A case–control study was conducted between March and December 2018. Clinical and demographic data of the study participants were collected and analyzed. Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism molecular technique was done to investigate interleukin-17A-197G/A polymorphisms. All statistical tests were considered statistically significant when p < 0.05. Results: The study population included 266 participants aged between 1 and 85 years, with an average of 40 years, classified into 85 (31.2%) cases (mean age 48.5 ± 11.3 years), and 181 (68.8%) controls (mean age 35.3 ± 15.9 years). The interleukin-17A homozygote AA genotype was more frequent among the control group compared to the case group; 95 (52.5%) and 7 (8.2%), respectively. The homozygote GG and the heterozygote AG genotypes were proportionally not different among the cases and control groups; 13 (54.2%) and 11 (45.8%), and 65 (46.4%) and 75 (53.6%), respectively. According to the distribution of interleukin-17A genotypes, a statistically significant difference was observed among cases with the interleukin-17A AA and AG genotypes, p values 0.001 and 0.004, respectively. For the association interleukin-17A genotypes and family history a negatively significant association was reported (95% confidence interval, –0.219, p value = 0.001). There was also a negatively significant association of interleukin-17A genotypes and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (95% confidence interval, −0.141, p value = 0.002). Conclusion: This study is the first study in Sudan established the association between interleukin-17A-197G/A (rs2275913) polymorphisms and susceptibly to rheumatoid arthritis. These findings appeal for further research in Sudan to investigate the exact role of IL-17A in immunopathology and disease severity among Sudanese rheumatoid arthritis

scholarly journals Early Neuromuscular Blockade in Children with Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. 201-206
Author(s):  
Surabhi Chandra ◽  
Sahil Goel ◽  
Ritika Dawra
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Neuromuscular Blockade ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

AbstractPediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) is a challenging problem with high mortality. Role of neuromuscular blockade in the management of ARDS to date has been controversial, and this study was done to study the role of neuromuscular blockade in children having PARDS and development of associated complications, if any. This was a prospective, case–control study conducted in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a tertiary care teaching hospital, over a period of 24 months. Patients of age 1 to 18 years who presented with or developed PARDS during their course of hospitalization were included after written informed consent was obtained from their parents and/or guardians. Patients with PARDS requiring invasive mechanical ventilation were partitioned into a case group and a control group. Case group patients were sedated and paralyzed using midazolam (1 µg/kg/min) and vecuronium (1 µg/kg/min), respectively, along with institution of definitive management. Control group patients were given definitive and supportive therapy, but no neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs). All patients were followed up for signs and symptoms of myopathy or neuropathy during the entire duration of hospital stay and up to 3 months after discharge. During the study period, 613 patients were admitted to the PICU of which 91 patients qualified as having PARDS. Sepsis was the main etiology in 67 of the 91 patients (73.6%) with PARDS. Fifty-nine patients were included in the study, of which 29 patients were included in the case group and 30 patients were included in the control group. Among the 29 case group patients, 25 patients (86.2%) were successfully extubated. Four patients from the case group expired, while 14 out of 30 control group patients (46.7%) expired. Hypotension was present in 26 case group patients (89.6%), of which all showed resolution within 48 hours of definitive treatment. The mean time to resolution of hypotension was 41.6 hours (standard deviation [SD]: 5.759; range: 24–48) for case group patients, significantly lower (p < 0.0001) than the mean time to resolution of 103 hours (SD: 18.995; range: 90–126) for the 10 control group patients with hypotension that survived. Mean oxygenation index (OI) following 48 hours of vecuronium therapy was significantly lower (p < 0.0001; 95% confidence interval: 5.9129–9.9671) than mean OI at admission for case group patients. None of the patients receiving vecuronium exhibited neuromuscular deficit during their hospital stay, at time of discharge, or at follow-up evaluation up to 3 months after discharge. In this study, pediatric cases diagnosed with PARDS and managed with mechanical ventilation and vecuronium therapy had improved mean OI following 48 hours of NMBA therapy and a lower mortality when compared with matched control group patients. Incidence of NMBA-related weakness was not commonly observed in these patients.

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