scholarly journals The Emerging Picture of the Roles of CircRNA-CDR1as in Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaohua Jiang ◽  
Xiaohong Zeng ◽  
Renfeng Shan ◽  
Wu Wen ◽  
Jianfeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Sites ◽  
Antisense Rna ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cerebellar Degeneration ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Biological Features

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed circular structures without 5′ caps and 3′ tails, which are mainly formed from precursor mRNAs (pre-mRNAs) via back-splicing of exons. With the development of RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analysis, circRNAs were recently rediscovered and found to be widely expressed in the tree of life. Cerebellar degeneration-related protein 1 antisense RNA (CDR1as) is recognized as one of the most well-identified circRNAs. It contains over 70 miR-7 binding sites and can regulate gene activity by sponging miR-7. Increasing numbers of studies have recently demonstrated that CDR1as is abnormally expressed in many types of tumors, such as colorectal cancer, cholangiocarcinoma and osteosarcoma, and plays a vital role in the development of cancer. However, there are few reviews focusing on CDR1as and cancer. Hence, it is important to review and discuss the role of CDR1as in cancer. Here, we first review the main biological features of CDR1as. We then focus on the expression and roles of CDR1as in cancer. Finally, we summarize what is known on the role of CDR1as in cancer and discuss future prospects in this area of research.

scholarly journals Hsa_circ_0051079 functions as an oncogene by regulating miR-26a-5p/TGF-β1 in osteosarcoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuojun Zhang ◽  
Ming Zhao ◽  
Guojie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Luciferase Activity ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Luciferase Assay ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Luciferase Activity Assay ◽  
Proliferation And Metastasis ◽  
Normal Controls ◽  
Tgf Β1

Abstract Background Osteosarcoma is a most common bone malignant tumor which threatens children and adolescents. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) fundamentally play essential roles in the progress and development of human cancers by sponging with microRNAs (miRNAs). However, the role of circRNAs in osteosarcoma is not clear. The aim of the study was to investigate the roles and molecular mechanism of circRNAs in osteosarcoma. Results The data from qRT-PCR showed that circ_0051079 expression was higher in osteosarcoma cells and tissues compared to their normal controls. Meanwhile, bioinformatic analysis indicated that circ_0051079 was a sponge of miR-26a-5p, which was verified by luciferase activity assay. Subsequently, TGF-β1 was verified as a putative target mRNA of miR-26a-5p by luciferase assay. Cellular function assays were conducted and the findings revealed that circ_0051079/miR-26a-5p/TGF-β1 regulated osteosarcoma proliferation and metastasis. Conclusion The study demonstrated that circ_0051079 could act as an oncogene via regulating miR-26a-5p/TGF-β1 and a potential biomarker for osteosarcoma diagnose.

scholarly journals The circRNA and Role in Alzheimer’s Disease: From Regulation to Therapeutic and Diagnostic Targets

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Li ◽  
Guohua Jin
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Neuronal Loss ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Tau Proteins ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
The Family ◽  
Important Player ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

Alzheimer\'s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder and the most common form of dementia worldwide. Although the great progress on the prevention and treatment of AD, no effective therapies are available as yet. With the increasing incidence of AD, it has brought a growing burden to the family and society. Histopathologically, AD is characterized by the presence of myloid β (Aβ) plaques composed of Aβ and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins, which lead to neuronal loss. However, the full spectrum of precise molecular mechanism that contribute to AD pathogenesis remains largely unknown. circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of endogenous non-coding RNAs that play a vital role in post-transcriptional regulation. Recent reports showed circRNAs to be an important player in the development of neurodegenerative diseases like AD. In this chapter, we review recent progress on understanding the role of circRNAs in AD, and many studies implicating specific circRNAs in the development of the disease. Moreover, we explore the potential promise of these findings for future diagnosis and treatment.

scholarly journals The Role of Non-Coding RNAs in the Sorafenib Resistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyao Hu ◽  
Hua Zhu ◽  
Yang Shen ◽  
Xiaoyu Zhang ◽  
Xiaoqin He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
First Line ◽  
Advanced Hcc ◽  
Chemotherapy Agent ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death. Sorafenib is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to be a first-line chemotherapy agent for patients with advanced HCC. A portion of advanced HCC patients can benefit from the treatment with sorafenib, but many patients ultimately develop sorafenib resistance, leading to a poor prognosis. The molecular mechanisms of sorafenib resistance are sophisticated and indefinite. Notably, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which include long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are critically participated in the occurrence and progression of tumors. Moreover, growing evidence has suggested that ncRNAs are crucial regulators in the development of resistance to sorafenib. Herein, we integrally and systematically summarized the molecular mechanisms and vital role of ncRNAs impact sorafenib resistance of HCC, and ultimately explored the potential clinical administrations of ncRNAs as new prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC.

Bioinformatic Analysis of Transcriptional Regulation by Nur77 in Central Nervous System and Immune System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montserrat Olivares Costa ◽  
Fernando Faunes ◽  
María Estela Andrés
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Neuronal Stem Cells

Abstract ObjectiveThe objectives of this work were to find genes regulated by Nur77 in neurons and to evaluate the possible common role of this transcription factor in neurons and lymphatic cells using published experimentally generated databases of ChIP-Seq and a microarray. We also characterized Nur77 binding throughout the genome. ResultsWe identified 113 Nur77 target genes in neuronal stem cells and 116 in neuronal cells. Cell adhesion and anchoring processes emerged as regulated by Nur77 in neurons and lymphatic cells. We found 9 common genes regulated by Nur77. Finally, we described a significant distribution of Nur77 binding sites in strong enhancers and active promoters. This work is a first step to understand the role of Nur77 and its common targets in neurons and immune cells.

Modern Civil Society

2008 ◽  
pp. 96-107
Author(s):  
Yu. Pavlenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Institutional Infrastructure ◽  
The World ◽  
Socio Economic Development

The article is aimed at providing arguments in favor of the vital role of civil society in the institutional infrastructure of socio-economic development. Civil society is explored both as a social phenomenon and as a theoretical concept. Civilization-based and formation-based characteristics underlying forms and contents of civil society in different countries are highlighted. Some conclusions regarding the future prospects of civil society development in Russia and around the world are suggested.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between ZEB1-AS1 Expression and the Prognosis of Patients With Advanced Gastric Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 153303381984906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haina Chai ◽  
Chao Sun ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Haihui Sheng ◽  
Renyan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Advanced Gastric Cancer ◽  
Antisense Rna ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Clinicopathological Features ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Cancer Tissues

Long noncoding RNA ZEB1 antisense RNA 1 plays a vital role in tumorigenesis and metastasis. However, the role of ZEB1 antisense RNA 1 in gastric cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the expression level of ZEB1 antisense RNA 1 in gastric cancer tissues and evaluate its association with clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer receiving chemotherapy. The expression levels of ZEB1 antisense RNA 1 were examined in 224 pairs of gastric cancer and adjacent noncancerous tissues by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The associations between ZEB1 antisense RNA 1 expression and clinicopathological features or survival of patients with advanced gastric cancer were assessed. The results showed that the expression levels of ZEB1 antisense RNA 1 in gastric cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in the paracancerous tissues ( P < .001). Moreover, the high ZEB1 antisense RNA 1 expression was associated with tumor, nodes, and metastases stage IV ( P = .018) and loss of E-cadherin expression ( P = .033). Multivariate Cox hazards regression analysis revealed that high ZEB1 antisense RNA 1 expression was an independent risk factor for predicting poor prognosis in patients with advanced gastric cancer (hazard ratio = 1.530, 95% confidence interval, 1.052-2.224, P = .026). In conclusion, the present findings suggest that ZEB1 antisense RNA 1 is an independent prognostic factor for patients with advanced gastric cancer receiving chemotherapy.

scholarly journals PAX8-AS1 knockdown facilitates cell growth and inactivates autophagy in osteoblasts via the miR-1252-5p/GNB1 axis in osteoporosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caiqiang Huang ◽  
Runguang Li ◽  
Changsheng Yang ◽  
Rui Ding ◽  
Qingchu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antisense Rna ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Protein Subunit ◽  
Reporter Assays

AbstractOsteoporosis (OP) is the most common systematic bone disorder among elderly individuals worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in biological processes in various human diseases. It has been previously revealed that PAX8 antisense RNA 1 (PAX8-AS1) is upregulated in OP. However, its molecular mechanism in OP remains unclear. Therefore, we specifically designed this study to determine the specific role of PAX8-AS1 in OP. We first established a rat model of OP and then detected PAX8-AS1 expression in the rats with RT-qPCR. Next, to explore the biological function of PAX8-AS1 in osteoblasts, in vitro experiments, such as Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays, flow cytometry, western blotting and immunofluorescence (IF) staining, were conducted. Subsequently, we performed bioinformatic analysis and luciferase reporter assays to predict and identify the relationships between microRNA 1252-5p (miR-1252-5p) and both PAX8-AS1 and G protein subunit beta 1 (GNB1). Additionally, rescue assays in osteoblasts clarified the regulatory network of the PAX8-AS1/miR-1252-5p/GNB1 axis. Finally, in vivo loss-of-function studies verified the role of PAX8-AS1 in OP progression. The results illustrated that PAX8-AS1 was upregulated in the proximal tibia of OP rats. PAX8-AS1 silencing promoted the viability and inhibited the apoptosis and autophagy of osteoblasts. PAX8-AS1 interacted with miR-1252-5p. GNB1 was negatively regulated by miR-1252-5p. In addition, the impacts of PAX8-AS1 knockdown on osteoblasts were counteracted by GNB1 overexpression. PAX8-AS1 depletion suppressed OP progression by inhibiting apoptosis and autophagy in osteoblasts. In summary, PAX8-AS1 suppressed the viability and activated the autophagy of osteoblasts via the miR-1252-5p/GNB1 axis in OP.

scholarly journals Bioinformatics Identification of Ferroptosis-Related Biomarkers and Therapeutic Compounds in Ischemic Stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guozhong Chen ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
Hongmiao Tao
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Regulation Network ◽  
Transcription Factor Regulation ◽  
Therapeutic Compounds

Background: Stroke is one of the most common deadly diseases with an estimated 780,000 new cases globally, of which ischemic stroke accounts for over 80% of all cases. Ferroptosis is a new form of programmed cell death that plays a vital role in many diseases, including ischemic stroke and heart diseases. The role of the ferroptosis-related gene in the diagnosis, prognosis, or therapy of ischemic stroke was not fully clarified.Methods: Ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ischemic stroke were identified by bioinformatic analysis of the GSE16561 and GSE22255 datasets. Subsequently, receiver operator characteristic (ROC) monofactor analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of ferroptosis-related biomarkers in ischemic stroke.Results: A total of 10 ferroptosis-related DEGs were identified in ischemic stroke vs. normal control. GO and KEGG analysis revealed that these 10 ferroptosis-related DEGs were mainly enriched in response to oxidative stress, HIF-1 signaling pathway, ferroptosis, lipid, and atherosclerosis. Moreover, the random forest model suggested three ferroptosis-related biomarkers, namely, PTGS2, MAP1LC3B, and TLR4, for ischemic stroke. Interestingly, the expression of PTGS2, MAP1LC3B, and TLR4 was upregulated in ischemic stroke. ROC monofactor analysis demonstrated a good performance of MAP1LC3B, PTGS2, and TLR4 in the diagnosis of ischemic stroke. The expression and diagnostic value of MAP1LC3B, PTGS2, and TLR4 in ischemic stroke were also verified using GSE22255. We also revealed the transcription factor regulation network and co-expressed protein network of ferroptosis-related biomarkers. Several potential therapeutic compounds corresponding to MAP1LC3B, PTGS2, and TLR4 were also identified for ischemic stroke, including Zinc12503187 (Conivaptan), Zinc3932831 (Avodart), Zinc64033452 (Lumacaftor), Zinc11679756 (Eltrombopag), Zinc100378061 (Naldemedine), and Zinc3978005 (Dihydroergotamine).Conclusion: Our results suggested MAP1LC3B, PTGS2, and TLR4 as potential diagnostic biomarkers for ischemic stroke, providing more evidence about the vital role of ferroptosis in ischemic stroke.

scholarly journals Genetic Determinants for Bacterial Osteomyelitis: A Focused Systematic Review of Published Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoping Xie ◽  
Jiangbi Li ◽  
Feng Gu ◽  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Zilong Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Single Nucleotide

Background: Osteomyelitis is an inflammatory process characterized by progressive bone destruction. Moreover, chronic bacterial osteomyelitis is regarded as a difficult-to-treat clinical entity due to its long-standing course and frequent infection recurrence. However, the role of genetic factors in the occurrence and development of bacterial osteomyelitis is poorly understood.Methods: We performed a systematic review to assess the frequency of individual alleles and genotypes of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among patients with bacterial osteomyelitis and healthy people to identify whether the SNPs are associated with the risk of developing bacterial osteomyelitis. Then, gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes analyses were performed to identify the potential biological effects of these genes on the pathogenesis of bacterial osteomyelitis.Result: Fourteen eligible studies containing 25 genes were analyzed. In this review, we discovered that the SNPs in IL1B, IL6, IL4, IL10, IL12B, IL1A, IFNG, TNF, PTGS2, CTSG, vitamin D receptor (VDR), MMP1, PLAT, and BAX increased the risk of bacterial osteomyelitis, whereas those in IL1RN and TLR2 could protect against osteomyelitis. The bioinformatic analysis indicated that these osteomyelitis-related genes were mainly enriched in inflammatory reaction pathways, suggesting that inflammation plays a vital role in the development of bacterial osteomyelitis. Furthermore, functional notation for 25 SNPs in 17 significant genes was performed using the RegulomeDB and NCBI databases. Four SNPs (rs1143627, rs16944, rs2430561, and rs2070874) had smaller scores from regulome analysis, implying significant biological function.Conclusion: We systematically summarized several SNPs linked to bacterial osteomyelitis and discovered that these gene polymorphisms could be a genetic factor for bacterial osteomyelitis. Moreover, further large-scale cohort studies are needed to enhance our comprehensive understanding of the development of osteomyelitis to provide earlier individualized preventions and interventions for patients with osteomyelitis in clinical practice.

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