scholarly journals PENGARUH VARIASI KONSENTRASI GELLING AGENT CARBOPOL 940 TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK SEDIAAN GEL HAND SANITIZER MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN KEMANGI (Ocimum Sanctum L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 268-277
Author(s):  
Iin Lidia Putama Mursal ◽  
Anggun Hari Kusumawati ◽  
Devi Hartianti Puspasari
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Isopropyl Alcohol ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Carbopol 940 ◽  
Optimal Formula

ABSTRAK Hand sanitizer adalah produk efektif dan murah yang dapat mengurangi mikroorganisme pada kulit. Banyak hand sanitizer yang mengandung etanol dan alkohol dengan kadar 60% -95% tetapi kandungan alkohol dalam hand sanitizer dapat menyebabkan resiko kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh gelling agent Carbopol 940 terhadap sifat fisik sediaan gel hand sanitizer. Konsentrasi yang digunakan untuk gelling agent Carbopol 940 yaitu 0,5%; 1%; 1,5%. Uji sifat fisik meliputi uji organoleptik, uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji viskositas, uji daya sebar dan uji daya lekat. Hasil penelitian sifat fisik sediaan gel hand sanitizer minyak atsiri daun kemangi yaitu peningkatan kadar gelling agent menyebabkan warna gel semakin pudar, wujud semakin kental, peningkatan viskositas, peningkatan daya lekat dan penurunan daya sebar. Berdasarkan uji sifat fisik sediaan gel hand sanitizer minyak atsiri daun kemangi dapat disimpulkan bahwa (F2) dengan konsentrasi 1% Carbopol 940 adalah formula optimal karena memenuhi semua persyaratan sifat fisik gel. Kata kunci : gelling agent, carbopol 940, sifat fisik, Ocimum sanctum L.   ABSTRACT Hand sanitizers were effective and inexpensive product that can reduce of microorganims on the skin. Many hand sanitizer have contents up to 60%-95% ethanol and isopropyl alcohol, but using alcohol in hand sanitizer can cause health risks effect. The aim of this work was to determine the effects of gelling agent Carbopol 940 on physical properties of formulation gel hand sanitizer. The concentration that used for the Carbopol 940 gelling agent are 0,5%; 1%; 1,5%. The test of physical properties includes organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, dispersive ability, and adhesion The results of this research on the physical properties gel hand sanitizer of basil essensial oil, showed that the increasing of gelling agent consentrasion, makes the gel getting faded, more thicker, increase of viscosity, adhesion and decrease of dispersive ability. Based on the physical properties test, (F2) with 1% concentration of Carbopol 940 is the optimal formula it caused by it suitable all the parameters of the physical properties of gel. Keywords : gelling agent, carbopol 940, physical properties, Ocimum sanctum L.

scholarly journals Uji Efektivitas Sediaan Hand Sanitizer Kombinasi Ekstrak Daun Kemangi (Ocimum Sanctum L) Dan Ekstrak Kulit Jeruk Purut (Citrus Hystrix)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indri Kusuma Dewi ◽  
Bambang Yunianto
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Level ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Test Control ◽  
Optimal Formula

Absctract : Antiseptic Activity, Kemangi Leaf- Cytrus Hystrix Leather, Gel Antiseptic (Hand Sanitizer). It is known kemangi leaf had contained saponins, flavonoids and tannins that benefit as antibacterial, while in research by Susanti, 2010 had proven that leather of Citrus hystrix contained essential oil as antibacterial and used as antiseptic in pharmaceutical case. So, to get the optimal formula as hand sanitizer or antiseptic gels used combination two extracts kemangi leaf and Citrus hystrix leather. This research is an experimental research with Post Test Control Group Design to analyze antiseptic activity using the Replica methods with to account the number of colonies of microorganism. Statistic test to the number of colonies of microorganism with Anova Test one way that confidence level 95% and obtained significance 0,000 the result P < 0,05 and continued to Tukey HSD test that confidence level 95%. The result statistic tes showed that have significan differences between negative control with the formula of gel antiseptic combination extract of kemangi leaf and extract Cytrus hystrix leather, so this formula have activity as antiseptic. The most effective variation concentration is concentration extract of kemangi leaf 75% and extract Cytrus hystrix leather 25%.

scholarly journals Pengujian Sifat Fisik dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Sediaan Gel Hand Sanitizer Ekstrak Daun Lidah Mertua (Sansevieria trifasciata Prain)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 078-085
Author(s):  
Setyo Nurwaini ◽  
Intan Dewi Saputri
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Significant Difference

Daun Lidah mertua (Sansevieria trifasciata Prain) diketahui mengandung senyawa polifenol, flavonoid dan saponin yang merupakan agen antibakteri. Lidah mertua memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi ekstrak daun lidah mertua dalam sediaan gel yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terbesar dalam penurunan jumlah angka kuman. Ekstraksi daun lidah mertua menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%. Variasi konsentrasi ekstrak daun lidah mertua dalam sediaan gel hand sanitizer yang digunakan yaitu F1 (10%), F2 (15%) dan F3 (20%). Na CMC digunakan sebagai gelling agent dalam formulasi. Sediaan gel hand sanitizer daun lidah mertua diuji aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli menggunakan metode difusi sumuran, sifat fisik (organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, viskositas, daya sebar dan daya lekat) serta penurunan jumlah angka kuman dengan metode swabbing. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri gel hand sanitizer ekstrak daun lidah mertua memiliki zona hambat bakteri terhadap Escherichia coli pada F1, F2 dan F3 berturut-turut sebesar 7,33 mm, 8,67 mm dan 9,75 mm. Hasil evaluasi sifat fisik gel daun lidah mertua memenuhi kriteria gel yang baik, namun memiliki daya lekat kurang 1 detik. Hasil penurunan jumlah angka kuman gel hand sanitizer daun lidah mertua paling besar pada F3 sebesar 52%. Namun, analisa statistik dengan Anova One Way menunjukkan bahwa F1 (32%), F2 (35%) dan F3 (52%) tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan dalam penurunan jumlah angka kuman. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan gel hand sanitizer ekstrak daun lidah mertua memiliki kemampuan dalam menurunkan angka kuman dan dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif sebagai sediaan gel hand sanitizer.     Lidah Mertua leaves (Sansevieria trifasciata Prain) are known to contain polyphenols, flavonoids, and saponins which have antibacterial activity. Lidah Mertua leaves have antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This study aimed to determine the concentration of Lidah Mertua leaves extract in a gel dosage form which showed the highest antibacterial activity in decreasing germ numbers. Lidah Mertua leaves extract was prepared using the maceration method with ethanol 96%. There was a various concentration of Lidah Mertua leaves extract in gel hand sanitizer, these include F1 (10%), F2 (15%) and F3 (20%). Na CMC is used as a gelling agent in the formulation. The evaluation of the antibacterial activity of hand sanitizer gel leaves was performed against Escherichia coli using disc diffusion method, meanwhile physical properties (organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, dispersion and adhesion) and a decrease in the germ numbers were determined by swabbing method. The results of the antibacterial evaluation of gel hand sanitizer activity showed that lidah Mertua leaves extract had a bacterial inhibition zone against Escherichia coli in F1, F2 and F3 of 7.33 mm, 8.67 mm and 9.75 mm respectively. The results of the evaluation of the physical properties of the lidah mertua leaves extract showed that the gel met criteria of a good gel, but had adhesion less than 1 second. The highest activity in decreasing term number was shown in gel hand sanitizer of lidah mertua leaves extract at F3 which was 52%. However, statistical analysis using Anova One Way showed that F1 (32%), F2 (35%) and F3 (52%) did not show a significant difference in decreasing germ numbers. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the  hand sanitizer gel from the extract of lidah mertua leaves has the ability to reduce the number of germs and can be used as an alternative as a gel hand sanitizer dosage form

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF CARBOPOL 940 AND PROPYLENE GLYCOL CONCENTRATION ON THE CHARACTERISTIC AND INHIBITORY EFFECT OF ETHANOL EXTRACT GEL OF PAPAYA (Carica papaya L.) SEEDS AGAINST Staphylococcus aureus

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Octavianus Yandri ◽  
Wahyuning Setyani
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Carbopol 940 ◽  
Papaya Seed

Papaya (Carica papaya L.) seeds contain alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenolic compounds and saponins have been proven its synergistic effect in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. In this research, ethanol extract of papaya seeds was formulated in gel preparations. Optimization of the composition of the gelling agent and humectant was carried out to obtain the gel preparation of papaya seed ethanol extract with good physical properties and stability. The parameters used to determine the stability of the preparation are Physical properties which include viscosity, spreadability, and percentage of viscosity shift. Data analysis was performed using Design-Expert software version 12 and SPSS. The inhibitory activity test was carried out by the disk-diffusion agar method with Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 as the test bacteria. The results of the inhibitory activity test of papaya seed ethanol extract at a concentration of 20% had moderate activity and at concentrations of 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% classified as strong against the Staphylococcus aureus. Carbopol 940 is dominant factor in influencing the response of viscosity (92.504%) and spreadability (59.539%). Preparations with good physical properties and stability were obtained on the use of carbopol 940 and propylene glycol as much as 1.06604 grams and 13.2146 grams respectively.

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF HAND SANITIZER ETHANOL EXTRACT OF BASIL (Ocimum Sanctum. L) AGAINST Escherichia coli dan Streptococcus Aureus

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Nurfiddin Farid ◽  
Nurhikma Nurhikma ◽  
Suhartina Hamzah ◽  
Muhammad Yusuf ◽  
Rahmania Rahmania
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Basil leaves (Ocimum sanctum L) Against to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria to increase its effectiveness, it is made in practical and easy-to-use preparations. One of the effective dosage forms for topical use is Hand Sanitizer. The factor that influences the quality of gel preparations is Carbopol as a gelling agent. To know the antibacterial effect and ethanol extract concentration of basis leaves (Ocimum sanctum L). preparation of Hand sanitizer, in which the selection and type of carbopol concentration will determine the stability of the gel formed. Basil leaf extract was obtained by maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent. The product is formulation in the form a gel Hand sanitizer with the addition of carbopol as a gelling agent with a concentration of 1,5% this type of research is  laboratory Experiment with Stability Test, Organoleptic Test, pH, Homogeneity and Scattering power and Antibacterial Test on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. For testing antibacterial activity the method used is the diffusion method. Form the research results obtained antibacterial Hand sanitizer preparations with concentration of 1%, 3% and 5%  showed changes in odor , color and shape before and after storage at pH 4,8- 6,4. Organoleptic  testing showed no changes in odor, color and shape before and after accelerated storage. pH testing shows charges before and after storage are caused by temperature light factors. Homogeneity testing showed no changes before and after storage. Scatter tests indicate changes before and after storage caused by temperature light factors. Antibacterial activity test shows that the formulation of Hand sanitizer ethanol extract of basil leaves (Ocimum sanctum L) with a concentration of 1%, 3% and 5%. can inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with Medium -Strong inhibitory zones. From the results of research conducted it was concluded that the antibacterial Hand sanitizer ethanol of basis was physically and chemically stable for Organiletic, pH, Homogeneity and Scattering effects.

scholarly journals Optimization Carbopol And Glycerol As Basis Of Hand Gel Antiseptics Extract Ethanol Ceremai Leaf (Phyllantus Acidus (L.) Skeels) With Simplex Lattice Design

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Saryanti ◽  
Izzatun Ni'mah Zulfa
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice Design ◽  
Carbopol 940 ◽  
Phyllanthus Acidus ◽  
Simplex Lattice ◽  
The One

Ceremai leaf (<em>Phyllanthus acidus </em>(L.) Skeels) is the one of the potential plant which contain flavonoid that had antibacterial activity. Carbopol is a gelling agent that is easily dispersible in water and provide consistency to the gel, while the glycerin is a humectant that can improve the softness of the gel. Carbopol can provide viscosity / hardness in the gel it is necessary to combine with glycerin to soften the gel and the increase of the spread The aims of this research to know the optimum composition from carbopol and gliserol in antiseptic gel formulation of ceremai leaf ethanol extract by Simplex Lattice Design (SLD). The method of extraction used maseration method with ethanol 70 % solvent. extract made of gel with components carbopol 940(0-100%) and glycerin(0-100%) with respond criteria physical properties such as pH, spreadability, sticking and protection power. The optimum formulated based on Simplex Lattice Design<em> </em>was the combination of carbopol 50 % : glycerol 50 %. Optimum results are obtained gel has a good physical properties. The test results showed that the effectiveness of antiseptic hand gels have generated a good antiseptic. Acceptability test results showed that the gel can be accepted by society.

scholarly journals Formulation of Gel Hand Sanitizer of Nagasari Leaf Extract (Mesua ferrea L.)

2022 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Tuti Sri Suhesti ◽  
M. Mudrik H. Rohman ◽  
Sunarto Sunarto
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Stability Testing ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Flavonoid Compounds

Nagasari (Mesua ferrea L.) is one of the biodiversity to be developed as an antiseptic preparation. These plants are known to contain flavonoid compounds, tannins, and terpenoids that act as antibacterial. Hand sanitizer gel preparations can increase the effectiveness of topically. The physical properties of a good gel depend on a gelling agent, one of which is HPMC. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variations in HPMC levels on physical properties and antibacterial activity. Gels were prepared with various HPMC levels of 1%, 2%, and 3%. The gel was tested for physical properties and stability. All formulas produced preparations that met the requirements for good physical properties and stability. Testing of antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus showed that an increase in HPMC levels could decrease the ability to release the active substance of the preparation. The diameter of the inhibition zone obtained was 10.0 mm (HPMC 1%); 9.5 mm (2% HPMC) and 8.0 mm (3% HPMC). Increasing the concentration of HPMC will increase the viscosity and adhesion but decrease the spreadability. The three formulas had antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with moderate criteria.Keywords: Extract of nagasari leaf, Gel, HPMC, Staphylococcus aureus

scholarly journals Formulation and characterization of a novel pH-triggered in-situ gelling ocular system containing Gatifloxacin

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovita Kanoujia ◽  
Kanchan Sonker ◽  
Manisha Pandey ◽  
Koshy M Kymonil ◽  
Shubhini A Saraf
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
In Vitro Drug Release ◽  
Drug Content ◽  
Carbopol 940 ◽  
In Situ Gelling ◽  
Gel Transition

The present research work deals with the formulation and evaluation of in-situ gelling system based on sol-to-gel transition for ophthalmic delivery of an antibacterial agent gatifloxacin, to overcome the problems of poor bioavailability and therapeutic response exhibited by conventional formulations based a sol-to-gel transition in the cul-de-sac upon instillation. Carbopol 940 was used as the gelling agent in combination with HPMC and HPMC K15M which acted as a viscosity enhancing agent. The prepared formulations were evaluated for pH, clarity, drug content, gelling capacity, bioadhesive strength and in-vitro drug release. In-vitro drug release data of optimized formulation (F12) was treated according to Zero, First, Korsmeyer Peppas and Higuchi kinetics to access the mechanism of drug release. The clarity, pH, viscosity and drug content of the developed formulations were found in range 6.0-6.8, 10-570cps, 82-98% respectively. The gel provided sustained drug release over an 8 hour period. The developed formulation can be used as an in-situ gelling vehicle to enhance ocular bioavailability and the reduction in the frequency of instillation thereby resulting in better patient compliance. Key Words: In-situ gelation; Gatifloxacin; Carbopol 940; HPMC K15M. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i3.9661 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 1(3): 43-49

scholarly journals Formulasi dan Evaluasi Fisik Sediaan Emulgel Tabir Surya Ekstrak Kulit Batang Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmannii)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-99
Author(s):  
Risqika Yuliatantri Paramawidhita ◽  
Uswatun Chasanah ◽  
Dian Ermawati
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Cinnamon Bark ◽  
Cinnamomum Burmannii ◽  
Dispersive Power ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Optimal Formula ◽  
Brown Color

One of the natural ingredients can be used for sunscreen is Cinnamomum burmannii. Sinamaldehid chemical constituents in cinnamon bark extract that has potential as an antioxidant and can be used as a sunscreen content. This study was to determine the levels of cinnamon bark extract ( 1 %, 2 % and 3 % ) which can give physical characteristics, acceptability, which is optimal for preparations with HPMC as a gelling agent, Evaluations include pH, the power spread, the viscosity and acceptability. The results of organoleptic for formula I (1%), II (2%) and III (3%) have a soft texture grainy, the distinctive smell of cinnamon, and all formula has a pale brown color. From the analysis of One-Way ANOVA found significant differences for any dispersive power. But did not have significant differences in pH and viscosity. For acceptability evaluation formula III is the optimal formula to applied softness, easiest formula to flattened and easy to wash.

Formulation and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Isopropyl Hand Sanitizer using Co-processed Excipients

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
O.D. Akin-Ajani ◽  
T.O. Ajala ◽  
M.A. Ogunnubi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Isopropyl Alcohol ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Physical Appearance ◽  
Rheological Behaviour ◽  
Application Site ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Pharmaceutical Properties

Background: In response to the Ebola virus outbreak in West Africa in the year 2014, which caused the Ebola haemorrhagic fever, the WHO alcohol-based hand rub formulation was adopted in addition to regular hand washing to prevent the spread. However, other formulation factors rather than alcohol concentration alone can greatly influence the overall antimicrobial efficacy of hand disinfectants.Objective: To formulate an antimicrobial hand sanitizer using co-processed carriers.Methodology: Carbopol (F), HPMC (G) and co-processed forms of both polymers in batches- 1:1(A), 1:2(B), 1:4(C), 2:1(D) and 4:1(E) respectively were used. The polymers were characterized, and used as carriers in formulating hand sanitizers (A to G). The formulated hand sanitizers were evaluated for physical appearance, pH, clarity, viscosity, drying time and antimicrobial activity, in comparison to a commercially available hand sanitizer (CAHS).Results: Co-processing significantly (p0.05) improved both hydration capacity of carbopol and viscosity of HPMC. The physical appearance, pH and opacity were maintained throughout the study. All the formulations showed dilatant rheological behaviour while the CAHS exhibited plastic flow. The drying times for the formulated hand sanitizers were comparable to CAHS but longer than isopropyl alcohol implying prolonged action at application site. The antimicrobial activity of the formulations was of the rank order isopropyl alcohol>B>F>CAHS>D>E>C>G>A.Conclusion: Co-processing of excipients improved the pharmaceutical properties of the hand sanitizers with antimicrobial activity that was comparable to CAHS but lower than isopropyl alcohol. The hand sanitizer formulated with polymer batch B, demonstrated optimum antimicrobial and pharmaceutical properties and may be developed for commercial use. Keywords: Hand sanitizer formulation, Isopropyl alcohol, Carbopol, Hydroxypropyl MethylCellulose, Co-processed excipient.

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