scholarly journals CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS: MAJOR DRIVERS AND CHALLENGES IN CIVIL AND MILITARY AVIATION

Aviation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huong Le ◽  
Ilias Lappas
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Reform ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Aircraft Accidents ◽  
Management Framework ◽  
International Civil Aviation Organisation ◽  
Military Aviation ◽  
Passenger Aircraft ◽  
The Military ◽  
Fatigue Corrosion

A wide regulatory reform is taking place world-wide in the continuing airworthiness domain. The major influences for promoting changes in how continuing airworthiness is managed are civil and military aircraft accidents to which fatigue, corrosion, wear, deterioration in ageing aircraft and the need for regulatory harmonisation of the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) signatory states and the military were the contributing factors. Another emerging factor is the conversion of older passenger aircraft to freighters, which brings forth the concern that aircraft are being used in a capacity for which they were not designed. The challenges of the regulatory reform are acceptance, certification of maintenance organizations and personnel, education and training, as well as information sharing and administration. This paper presents both the drivers and challenges in these areas and proposes a related change management framework.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Aviaton System of Flying Crew Improving Safety in the Aircraft Operation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Rodak
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Flight Training ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Pilot Training ◽  
Literature Research ◽  
Military Aviation ◽  
Level Of Training ◽  
The Military

Abstract The article describes 10 known programmes of practical flight training in military aviation – specialization: Multi-Mission Tactical Jet Pilot, which is the highest level of military pilot training in all types of military and civil aviation – comparable only to the level of training and experience of the pilot-instructor of the Military Aviation School. The presented comparison was developed on the basis of literature research from the point of view of, among others, an aircraft operation engineer and a pilot-instructor.

Evaluation and prioritization of technical and operational airworthiness factors for flight safety

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 1049-1061
Author(s):  
Mehmet Burak Şenol
Keyword(s):  
Aircraft Design ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
Military Aircraft ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Military Aviation ◽  
Safety Programs ◽  
Aviation Operations ◽  
The Military

Purpose In this study, a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach for evaluating airworthiness factors were presented. The purpose of this study is to develop an acceptable rationale for operational activities in civil and military aviation and for design, production and maintenance activities in the aviation industry that can be used in-flight safety programs and evaluations. Design/methodology/approach In aviation, while the initial and continuing airworthiness of aircraft is related to technical airworthiness, identifying and minimizing risks for avoiding losses and damages are related to operational airworthiness. Thus, the airworthiness factors in civil and military aviation were evaluated under these two categories as the technical and operational airworthiness factors by the analytic hierarchy process and analytic network process. Three technical and five operational airworthiness criteria for civil aviation, three technical and nine operational airworthiness criteria for military aviation were defined, evaluated, prioritized and compared in terms of flight safety. Findings The most important technical factor is the “airworthiness status of the aircraft” both in civil (81.9%) and military (77.6%) aviation, which means that aircraft should initially be designed for safety. The most significant operational factors are the “air traffic control system” in civil (30.9%) and “threat” in the military (26.6%) aviation. The differences within factor weights may stem from the design requirements and acceptable safety levels (frequency of occurrences 1 in 107 in military and 1 in 109 in civil aircraft design) of civil and military aircraft with the mission achievement requirements in civil and military aviation operations. The damage acceptance criteria for civil and military aircraft are different. The operation risks are accepted in the military and acceptance of specific tasks and the risk levels can vary with aircraft purpose and type. Practical implications This study provides an acceptable rationale for safety programs and evaluations in aviation activities. The results of this study can be used in real-world airworthiness applications and safety management by the aviation industry and furthermore, critical factor weights should be considered both in civil and military aviation operations and flights. The safety levels of airlines with respect to our airworthiness factor weights or the safety level of military operations can be computed. Originality/value This is the first study considering technical and operational airworthiness factors as an MCDM problem. Originality and value of this paper are defining critical airworthiness factors for civil and military aviation, ranking these factors, revealing the most important ones and using MCDM methods for the evaluations of airworthiness factors for the first time. In civil aviation flight safety is the basic tenet of airworthiness activities in risk analysis, on the other hand in military aviation high levels of risks are to be avoided in peace training or operational tasks. However, even high risks have to be accepted during the war, if the operational requirements impose, as mission achievement is vital. The paper is one of a kind on airworthiness evaluations for flight safety.

III.—Training Methods for Navigation in the Air

1973 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-262
Author(s):  
W. P. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
The North ◽  
Military Aviation ◽  
Civil Aircraft ◽  
Navigation Equipment ◽  
The Military

The civil aviation problems in training navigators may appear simple compared with those of our marine colleagues, and possibly also in comparison to the military side of aviation. In civil aviation we are concerned with tactical problems but not to the same extent as in marine and military aviation, but there are those amongst us who can recall the halycon days of flying boats when we too were concerned with the tides and the state of the water. Since the end of the war there have been far reaching changes in civil aviation and navigation. The object used to be one of getting from A to B and battling a great deal with the unknown—long night hauls across the North Atlantic, Shannon and Keflavik, icy cold arrivals at Goose and Gander, pressure pattern flying and so on, with the minimum of navigation equipment, poor weather forecasting and limited range aircraft. Nowadays civil aircraft range is not the problem it used to be, although some such problems still exist, navigation equipment is more sophisticated and the A.T.C. requirements much more stringent. It is not so much getting from A to B as staying as close as possible to an assigned A.T.C. track.

scholarly journals CRITERIA AND APPROACHES FOR ASSESSMENT OF THE USE OF AIRSPACE OF THE MEMBER STATES OF EUROCONTROL BY MILITARY AIRCRAFTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 1415-1420
Author(s):  
Hristo Stanev
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Member States ◽  
Flight Operations ◽  
Military Aviation ◽  
Strict Compliance ◽  
The Military ◽  
Military Units

Sustainable development of civil aviation is associated with the end of the block confrontation between East and West, which is directly related to the reduced use of military aviation. The modern military aircrafts are engaged in international air traffic in strict compliance with the requirements of each member state of the EU and Eurocontrol. Ensuring enough freedom to fly through the airspace of European countries depends on the equipment of the military aircrafts, the available military air traffic management infrastructure, the adopted rules and procedures for flight operations, and the training of the pilot and navigational staff. By providing adequate freedom to use airspace creates prerequisites for successful implementation of tasks in overcoming the consequences of disasters, accidents and catastrophes.With the use of area navigation and implementation of new airspace structures was put into action the concept proposed by Eurocontrol - the Concept of Flexible Use of Airspace (FUA). Combined with facilitating access to the aeronautical information of member states of Eurocontrol, opportunities are being created to conduct research into the use of airspace by military aircrafts. Through comparative study may identify best practices to inspire the creation of conditions for improving the interaction between civil air traffic service units and controlling military units in coordinating the use of airspace by military aircrafts.This study proposes criteria and approaches to assess the possibilities of using the airspace of member states of Eurocontrol by military aircrafts. Based on the results obtained, recommendations can be made to improve the legislation in determining the conditions for use of the national airspace by military aircrafts. The analysis stands conclusion that there are conditions to improve the possibilities of using the airspace of Bulgaria by military aircraft.

scholarly journals Formation Offuture pilots’ Adaptive Competence In The Process Of Their Professional Training: Characteristics Of Basic Concepts

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Алла Брацлавська
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Functional Model ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Military Exercises ◽  
Military Aviation ◽  
The Future ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Military Pilots ◽  
The Military

Abstract.The study of the formation of adaptive competence of future pilots in the training process is relevant given the active integration of Ukrainian aviation into the world community, development of relations and increasing interoperability of Ukrainian military aviation with the NATO Air Forces, in accordance with the Military Doctrine of Ukraine and the Strategic defense bulletin, as well as the urgent need to use the rules of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), the International Air Transport Association (IATA) and the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), which cooperate with ICAO, when using the common airspace. Recently, civil and military aviation have been working closely together, and military pilots are increasingly involved in evacuating the population during emergencies abroad, multinational military exercises, etc. Pilots of civil and military aviation of Ukraine should adapt to the requirements of the new environment as soon as possible, and higher education institutions that train pilots should adjust the training process in accordance with the new requirements. The issue of adaptive competence in general and in particular, the adaptive competence of future pilots has not been sufficiently studied yet in the modern scientific literature and therefore needs further consideration. The article aims to define and characterize the basic concepts of formation of adaptive competence of future pilots in the process of their training, which will be followed by scientific substantiation, creation of structural-functional model of formation of adaptive competence of future pilots, and creation and approbation of author's technology at the educational institutions which train pilots.  The article considers and investigates the concepts of adaptation and its types; professional adaptation of the pilot; adaptability; competencies and competency; professional competency of the future pilot, its components and criteria of its formation; concepts and features of adaptive competency of future pilots. It also describes and characterizes the features of the future activities of pilots and certain requirements for the training of pilots in civil and military aviation. Key words: adaptation, adaptability, competence, adaptive competence, professional training.

Safety management systems: an opportunity and a challenge for military aviation organisations

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-196
Author(s):  
Anna V. Chatzi
Keyword(s):  
Safety Culture ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Aviation Safety ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Safety Management Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Military Aviation ◽  
The Military

Purpose Most military aviation organisations today have not evolved their safety management approach towards harmonising with civil aviation. Safety culture is the base for any civil aviation organisation, enabling employees to communicate effectively and be fully aware and extrovert on safety. Just culture and reporting culture both are related to safety culture. Both are parts of the awareness process, enhancing safety promotion. These distinct elements and the safety management systems (SMS) can serve well the military aviation. This paper aims to present and discuss the SMS philosophy, structure and elements as a solution for military aviation organisations. Design/methodology/approach The feature of civil aviation SMSs are presented and discussed, with reference to the applicable frameworks and regulations governing the SMS operation. A discussion on the challenges faced within the military aviation organisations, with a brief examination of a European Union military aviation organisation, is presented. Findings The European Military Airworthiness Requirements, which are based on the European Aviation Safety Agency set of rules, can act the basis for establishing military aviation SMSs. A civil-based approach, blended, as necessary, with military culture is workable, as this is the case for many defence forces that have adopted such aviation safety systems. Originality/value This viewpoint paper discusses the opportunities and challenges associated with the adoption of SMS by military aviation organisations. This is the first time that this issue is openly discussed and presented to the wider aviation community, outside military aviation.

The operational efficiency of passenger aircraft

2006 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald McLean
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Operational Efficiency ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Transport Economics ◽  
Load Factors ◽  
Consistent Assessment ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Passenger Aircraft ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeTo provide for the use of airlines and other civil aviation organizations a practical definition of operational efficiency and to show how it can be determined.Design/methodology/approachA brief account of air transport economics is used to demonstrate how bom load factors and aircraft utilization need to be considered in assessing operational efficiency. Then other efficiencies are treated briefly before an example is given of how the better of two fictitious aircraft can be chosen for a particular route. A second example involving the calculation of the operational efficiency achieved by an imaginary airline is also given to show that the typical value is lower than might be expected, particularly in view of the relatively high load factors involved.FindingsProvides performance values and economic figures which are typical of current airline operations.Practical implicationsUse of the proposed definition will allow the consistent assessment of the economic performance of airlines.Originality/valueAt present there is no definition of operational efficiency in general use although it is greatly needed by airlines. The definition proposed in this paper is practical and easy to use.

On improving the training of aircraft engineers

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 865-885
Author(s):  
Leonid B. SOBOLEV
Keyword(s):  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Information Protection ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Space Industry ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Military Aviation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
The Military ◽  
The U.S

Subject. The article continues the discussion about the method of training aircraft engineers to work in the military and civil segments of aviation and rocket-and-space industry. Objectives. The purpose is to improve the training of Russian engineers to work in the competitive market environment, on the basis of the analysis of experience in training the aviation engineers in leading foreign technical universities. Methods. The study rests on the comparative analysis of implementation of major projects in the military and civil segments of aviation in the U.S. and Russia, as well as programs for training aircraft engineers in both countries. Results. The analysis shows that the duration of modern large military aviation projects in both countries is the same (the comparison of cost is impossible, due to information protection in Russia), while in the civil segment of the aviation industry, Russia's lagging behind is significant both in terms of the duration of projects and performance results. One of the reasons is in the poor training of aircraft engineers to work in the competitive environment. Conclusions. It is crucial to reform Russian aviation universities in terms of conformity to global trends in multidisciplinarity and differentiation of financing and research base.

scholarly journals Comparative Aspects Regarding The Regulation Of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 424-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Fainisi ◽  
Victor Al. Fainisi
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Chicago Convention ◽  
The North ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Military ◽  
Legislative Measures

Abstract The technology of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) has constantly developed in the last decade, becoming a key feature of the military programs and operations in Europe and the US, and the industry market has considerably grown. The vast majority of this growth is at the US level, whose military budget is bigger than of any other state in the world. On the other hand, with respect to the civil market, the sale of these kinds of aircrafts is in its initial stages, even though there are lots of fields in which it can be applied. In general, the states have begun to take legislative measures so that the unmanned flight of such an aircraft in areas open to civil aircrafts is controlled, so that any danger to the civil aircrafts should be avoided. The countries of the European Union that have not legislated this field are subject to Regulation 216/2008/EC regarding common norms in the civil aviation field and the Chicago Convention. Furthermore, all EU states are NATO members and thus apply in principle the norms established by the North-Atlantic Organization.

scholarly journals “Open” Category Unmanned Aerial Systems Harmonized Standards and Requirements Complex

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Andon Andonov
Keyword(s):  
Aviation Safety ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Systems ◽  
Unmanned Systems ◽  
The Common ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Military ◽  
Aerial Systems

Abstract The steadily increasing use of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) is an important factor for the military and civil aviation safety on a global scale. One of the critical conditions for the efficient functioning of the European aviation safety system is the establishment and implementation in practice of a comprehensive regulatory framework for the use of unmanned systems in the Common European Airspace. The aviation authorities and industry strive to introduce a set of rules and requirements that adequately and flexibly guarantee a high level of safety without limiting the development of the UAS market. This article proposes a set of standards that should be met by “Open” category UAS with the intention to execute operations in the European airspace.

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