The attitude of state authorities to the development of physical culture in the Second Polish Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Tomasz Sumara

Physical culture in the Second Polish Republic has taken an important place in the politics of the state. It included physical education, physical recreation along with active forms of tourism, mass sports, high-performance sport and military adoption related programmatically with physical education. The state played a significant role in popularizing sport. They developed, among others infrastructure, building mountain hostels, ski jumps, indoor swimming pools, local playgrounds and modern large stadiums. A great contribution to the development of physical culture in pre-war Poland was made by institutions, unions and sports associations. The purpose of the article is to outline the attitude of state authorities to physical culture during the interwar period. The text has a problem layout, I present the state's policy in financial, organizational and legal terms.

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Levandovska ◽  
Dovgan ◽  
Banakh

A special role in the development of a new educational system in West Volyn was given to the Kremenets Lyceum, in which physical education occupied an important place in upbringing process. The Lyceum created a clear system of physical education. Interclass collectives with the same level of physical development were formed, which allowed to differentiate approach to the process of physical training. The division of pupils into such groups created close contact with physical education teachers. The Lyceum created the team, whose pupils participated in various competitions, and in 1936, interschool sports club, which had its statute and leadership. Lyceum teams took part in competitions not only in Kremenets, but also in other towns. Jan Targonsky, Galina Falkovska and Julian Kozlovsky made a significant contribution into the development of physical culture and sports in Kremenets and Kremenets Lyceum. Professor Yulian Kozlovsky became a great popularizer of sports not only in the lyceum, but also among the town residents. He also participated in competitions, in the organization and judging of competitions of various levels in many sports. At his initiative, thanks to the organization of annual competitions, which took place alternately in Rydzyn and Kremenets educational institutions, there was a rapprochement of student youth. On December 29, 1931, the Section of State Defense and Physical Education of the Association of Public Organizations was established in Kremenets, the tasks of which were to unite the joint efforts of the organizations. Thanks to the enthusiasm of schoolchildren, the ski movement gained popularity and went into the extracurricular sphere. The production of ski equipment on machines in school workshops helped to reduce its price and made it possible to involve first-graders and then older sections of the population in skiing. Key words: Volyn, Kremenets Lyceum, interwar period, physical culture and sports.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Olena Melikh ◽  
Inna Irtyshcheva ◽  
Konstantin Bogatyrev

The article highlights the approaches to the development of sports and health activities and sports tourism in various spheres of society. It is proved that the current standard of quality of life in Ukraine is characterized as not satisfactory. Many factors affect the quality of life: lifestyle, genetic and environmental factors. However, one of the main issues remains the underfunding of development. The work investigates the state of financial support for health care, which is closely related to the level of low healthy life expectancy. It is determined that in modern conditions physical culture and sports are a necessary element of life of every Ukrainian. It is justified that grant programs are the main financial source for the development of physical culture and sports. It is proved that the state and non-state policy of development of physical education and sports should be built on creation of the corresponding concept for the next five years, which will include the appropriate strategy and program of development of physical culture and sports. The purpose of the article is a study of the peculiarities of organizing sports and health activities in different spheres of society and mechanisms of financing physical culture and sports in Ukraine. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are solved: to reveal the role and importance of organizing sports and health activities in different spheres of society; to conduct an analysis of the current state of financing of health care, physical education and sports; outline strategic guidelines for improving state and non-governmental policies on financial provision for physical education and sports. Subject and object of study. The subject of the research is theoretical and practical aspects of organization of sports and health activities in different spheres of society. The object of the research is the process of managing sports and health activities in different spheres of society. Research methods. For a comprehensive study of the necessary information the basic methods of information research in management were used. In the study of the current state of financing the health care, physical education and sports the methods of statics and dynamics were used. The dynamic method was used to analyze health care expenditures in percentage terms to GDP and total expenditures, average life expectancy at birth in Ukraine, transition from one equilibrium state to another for the period from 1995 to 2017. The static method involved a comparison of the amount of annual funding from the State Targeted Social Program for the Development of Physical Culture and Sports and the actually allocated funds. An economic model of the dynamics of health care expenditures in percentage terms to GDP and total expenditures, average life expectancy at birth in Ukraine in the form of a graph is constructed.


KANT ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-407
Author(s):  
He Sun ◽  
Jiao Wang ◽  
Jiheng Zou

This article presents the results of a study aimed at identifying problematic aspects of monitoring the physical health of Chinese students and establishing strategic directions for its improvement within the framework of the state project "Healthy China - 2030". In the course of the study, the reasons for the low effectiveness of the current monitoring system were considered in detail, which allowed us to identify strategic directions for its modernization, taking into account the prevailing socio-economic conditions in the field of education, physical culture and China as a whole. The significance of this research lies in the established strategic directions, according to which it is possible to implement a number of measures that will significantly improve the quality of monitoring the physical development and fitness of Chinese students and improve the management process in the field of physical education.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 286-293
Author(s):  
Svetlana Vladimirovna Safonenko

The paper presents a study of strong-willed qualities of students, as one of the aspects of personal achievements in physical culture and sports as well as pedagogical conditions that develop various volitional qualities: purposefulness, determination and courage, perseverance, discipline, self-control and independence. The author reveals factors that contribute to strong-willed education in the process of physical culture and sports activities. The paper describes the experimental technique developed and introduced into the process of physical education, aimed at strong-willed qualities development. The basis of the experimental methodology for students strong-willed qualities development in sports and sports activities are various pedagogical methods that ensure the need for a systematic and gradual overcoming of objective and subjective difficulties while solving proposed tasks. They work under certain requirements: the increasing complexity of obstacles; the consistency of the magnitude of the difficulty with the capabilities of the practitioner in overcoming it; fulfillment of tasks in conditions of overcoming the state of fatigue; use of competitive method of training; complication of external conditions of activity; conscious activity development. Creating specially organized pedagogical conditions made it possible to develop students necessary volitional qualities, to increase motivation to engage in physical culture and sports activities, to acquire a positive experience of personal achievements in physical culture activities.


Author(s):  
Inna Galimska

In modern society, physical culture and sports occupy the most important place in the formation of students youth personality. The article describes the valeological foundations of healthy lifestyle and how valeology is related to aviation specialist’s profession. The basic principles and various ways of valeological knowledge formation, valeological outlook, motivation of students’ physical self-improvement, the role of physical education in the professional and physical development of future aviation specialists at Flight Higher Universities are determined. The necessity of application of scientific and organizational principles of valeological education in physical education based on comprehensively worked out appropriate methodology is substantiated. Preserving and strengthening the students health today is an integral part of the educational process at Fligft Higher Universities of Ukraine. Each system introduction of innovative pedagogical technologies into the activity of Fligft Higher Universities should carry the students health responsibility, their level of biological, social and professional adaptability, to provide the individuality and consistency of the instructors’ activities with medical personnel of the University. The task of physical education departments of Fligft Higher Universities to transform the way of students’ life, which is characteristic for a considerable part of student youth, in healthy, in a way that would not destroy, but strengthened health. The problem of a healthy lifestyle formation is largely associated with the level of students’ and instructors’ culture. It is established that students need for physical self-improvement is formed more successful, the higher is the educational level, the degree of other needs, that is, the more formed their identity. A direct relationship was found between the formation of the need for physical self-improvement and the professional orientation of the students’ personality, which confirms the dialectical unity of physical and intellectual activity. In connection with this, it is necessary to pay more attention to educational work with students as one of the means that promote the formation of healthy lifestyle knowledge, the choice for improving health means, preventing diseases, ensuring a high level of physical development, reducing the negative impact of adverse environmental factors and bad habits. Optimization of health and fitness culture at Flight Higher Universities is possible through valeological education, which combines the study of educational material with valeology, and through independent physical exercise.


Author(s):  
Aleksey Yurevich KONOVALOV ◽  
Esedulla Mallaalievich OSMANOV ◽  
Sergey Yurevich DUTOV

With the signing of the United Nations Convention “On the Rights of People with Disabilities” the attitude of the state to people with health limitations and disabilities began to change radically for the better way. In this regard, a number of legal acts were adopted, including the state program “Accessible environment” for 2011–2020, the purpose of which is to create conditions conducive to the integration of people with health limitations in society and improve the level and quality of their lives. One of the promising tools for professional adaptation and social integration of people with disabilities and people with health limitations are means of adaptive physical culture in the process of obtaining professional education, which, however, are currently not sufficiently developed and require further study. The aim of our research is to study the indicators characterizing the effectiveness of the process of adaptive physical education of people with health limitations and disabilities in the system of regional inclusive intermediate vocational education. The results of the study indicate a lack of effectiveness in this area, which requires the development of targeted scientifically based measures to improve the motor activity of people with health limitations and disabilities. we discover that the indicator of the number of people with health limitations and disabilities with high motor activity is formed under the positive influence of the number of sports sections in the institution, the number of sports events with the joint participation of students without disabilities, and people with health limitations, within the institution, at the municipal and regional level, the level of funding. The obtained formulas of forecast can be used to calculate the projected number of people with health limitations with high motor activity, with an increase in a particular indicator by a certain number of points. The established indicators should be used to develop measures to execution the process of adaptive physical education in the system of regional inclusive intermediate vocational education.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Nenad Živanović ◽  
Petar Pavlović ◽  
Veroljub Stanković ◽  
Zoran Milošević ◽  
Nebojša Ranđelović ◽  
...  

SummaryA word, a term, written or spoken is the most beautiful jewel that a civilization can make. It can be therefore said that the specialized terminology of a particular profession – is its jewel. This professional jewel, specialized terminology, reflects not only its present time but also all the past ages it was developed through into a jewel of a culture and its civilizational value.This also applies to the specialized terminology of physical culture that is, the terminology of physical education and sport. It is also the jewel which reflects the present and the past; its developmental path that has always been adjusted to the social circumstances and time it has existed in. Its terminology can provide insight into its development, rises and falls, turns to the prevailing ’’noble’’ ideas, inflow of foreign words into the body of the specialized terminology.Development of the specialized terminology for physical culture that is, physical education and sport includes not only deep consideration and proficiency but also good intentions to make improvements to the profession and not to the current geopolitical (in)conveniences.It is therefore very important to emphasize that search and selection of a term which can indeed reflect the conceptual content in question is neither easy nor automatic. Moreover, if a good intention is missing, then various problems in communication can occur. The Latins described it very well: Nomen est omen.Doubts about terms: physical culture – sport, physical education – sport education, physical exercising – physical activity, physical recreation – sport recreation are just some of the examples indicating that it is necessary to continue the development of the multilingual specialized terminology dictionary for our profession.


2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 250-263
Author(s):  
Heitor Perrud Tardin ◽  
Luiz Rogério Romero

The 1980s represented an important period for teaching and learning Physical Education in schools, especially considering methodological aspects and content covered. It can be recognized that changes in methodologies have instrumentalized the movement's practice, however, without highlighting aspects of a pedagogical or critical nature. In this scenario, sport is characterized as a socio-cultural practice and, in the school environment, the form of teaching must be questioned, distancing itself from the reproduction of stereotypes of high performance and alienated training. Thus, it becomes relevant to analyze the approach to sport in the regular educational context. The objective is to analyze the insertion of sport in Physical Education at School for Elementary and High School from the Curricular Proposal of the State of São Paulo. This is a quantitative and qualitative documentary study. A survey of the proportionality of the distribution of topics related to sport and other content approaches was also used. Initially, the systematic reading of the text of the Curricular Proposal of the State of São Paulo was organized. 68 themes were identified to be addressed from the EF to the EM, from the Teacher's Notebooks. Sports, dances, gymnastics, physical abilities were observed; body, health, beauty among others. Thirty themes and content directly related to sport stood out, representing 44% of the total. Sport is predominant content, despite the recognized advances in relation to previous moments, gaps were identified to subsidize the student's global development. It is suggested to propose studies that assist in the educational actions of the teacher in the area and move towards innovation in sports education at school.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Nenad Živanović ◽  
Zoran Milošević ◽  
Veroljub Stanković ◽  
Nebojša Ranđelović ◽  
Kristina Pantelić-Babić

Physical Culture, as a part of general culture, can be defined as a human activity, which, through its knowledge ABOUT and FOR physical exercise within its areas (physical education, sports and physical recreation), allows the transformation of personality from real to possible. Physical Education, as one of the areas of Physical Culture, is therefore a very important educational link. It is particularly important in anera characterized by fast technological advances and technicalism that is rapidly introducing people to virtual reality. Hence, we emphasize that Physical Education, with its knowledge ABOUT and FOR physical exercise, builds the basis for a healthy, active and long life in young people. This is possible due to the fact that Physical Education, based on the Theory of Theoanthropocentrism, sees physical exercise as a beneficial body activity necessary for man and stems from the relationship to a man as a person, not an individual. The increasingly present virtual reality is in complete harmony with the sedentary culture, increasingly dominant not only in Western civilization. This undoubtedly leads to "active" hypokinesia, the root of many disturbing changes and health problems. Anthropological research conducted in Serbia and AP Vojvodina have confirmed that the number of people who regularly engage in physical exercise is decreasing. That is why we point out the importance of Physical Education, which, with its knowledge of how and why to exercise, builds the awareness of the necessity for physical exercise, as well as of the possibility of seeing every physical activity as physical exercise.


Author(s):  
Victoria Sergeevna Samotaeva ◽  

The article provides information on the state of financing of physical education and sports, as well as identifies the problem and risks of financing physical education


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