scholarly journals СТРУКТУРНО-СЕМАНТИЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ТА СПЕЦИФІКА ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ РЕДУПЛІКАТІВ У СУЧАСНІЙ АНГЛІЙСЬКІЙ МОВІ

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Udovichenko H.M. ◽  
Horobei A.M. ◽  
Holovata V.V.
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Speech Styles ◽  
Emotional Function ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Theoretical Generalization ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Colloquial Speech ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Linguistics

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze the use, functions and differences in the use of reduplicates in different areas of speech. In accordance with the goal, the following tasks are set: to consider reduplication as a subject of study in linguistics; explore the classifications of reduplicates proposed by different linguists; identify the relationship between the method of formation of reduplicates and their stylistic color.Methods. The main scientific results are obtained using a set of general and special research methods, namely: analysis, generalization and systematization of scientific and educational literature on literary studies, psychology and linguistics; theoretical generalization, analysis and synthesis, as well as comparison, descriptive and analytical, as well as the method of random sampling for the selection of language material. Results. In linguistics there is no single approach to reduplication as a linguistic phenomenon. Terminology needs to be refined, a clearer approach to the criteria by which the scope of use of a term with its clear definition will be determined. Despite the differences in views on unambiguous definitions and the lack of a universal classification, reduplication is widely studied in the linguistic literature. All the studied sources note such functional features of reduplication as a means of artistic expression (aesthetic and expressive function), a means of communication that carries an emotional color (communicative and emotional function). The range of reduplication is very wide.Conclusions. Reduplication as word formation is inherent in the speech of children and adults. It is inherent in many styles of speech: conversational, artistic, journalistic, epistolary. Less distribution of reduplicates is characteristic of the scientific style. In this area, they act as terms devoid of low stylistic color, typical of use in other areas of communication. In the scientific style, such words have a neutral emotional function. We could not find examples of reduplicates in official business and confessional styles. We can assume that this fact is evidence of a specific stylistic coloring of reduplicates (contempt, sometimes familiarity, humiliation, contempt, irony and ridicule), which may not be appropriate in such areas of communication. Most words formed by reduplication refer to colloquial speech and slang. Key words: reduplication, reduplicate, word formation, speech styles, classification. Мета. Мета статті – проаналізувати застосування, функції та різницю використання редуплікатів у різних сферах мовлення. Відповідно до мети поставлено такі завдання: розглянути редуплікацію як предмет вивчення в лінгвістиці; дослідити класифікації редуплікатів, запропоновані різними лінгвістами; виявити зв’язок між способом утворення редуплікатів та їх стилістичним забарвленням.Методи. Основні наукові результати отриманні із використанням комплексу загальних та спеціальних методів дослі-дження, а саме: аналізу, узагальнення та систематизації наукової та навчальної літератури з літературознавства, психології та мовознавства; теоретичного узагальнення, аналізу та синтезу, а також порівняння, описового та аналітичного, а також мето-ду довільної вибірки для відбору мовного матеріалу.Результати. У мовознавстві не існує єдиного підходу до редуплікації як мовного явища. Термінологія потребує доопрацювання, більш чіткого підходу до критеріїв, за якими буде визначено сферу використання того чи іншого терміна з його чітким визначенням. Незважаючи на розрізненість поглядів щодо однозначного визначення та відсутність універсальної класифікації, редуплікація в лінгвістичній літературі широко досліджується. В усіх опрацьованих джерелах відзначаються такі функціональні особливості редуплікації, як засіб художньої виразності (естетична та експресивна функція), засіб спілкування, який несе емоційне забарвлення (комунікативна та емотивна функція). Діапазон використання редуплікації дуже широкий. Висновки. Редуплікація як словотворення властива мовленню дітей та дорослих, притаманна багатьом стилям мовлення: розмовному, художньому, публіцистичному, епістолярному.Менше поширення редуплікатів характерне для наукового стилю. У цій сфері вони виступають в ролі термінів, позбавле-них низького стилістичного забарвлення, характерного для використання в інших сферах спілкування. У науковому стилі такі слова мають нейтральну емоційну функцію.Нам не вдалося знайти приклади редуплікатів в офіційно-діловому та конфесійному стилях. Можемо припустити, що цей факт є свідченням специфічного стилістичного забарвлення редуплікатів (зневажливого ставлення, подекуди фамільярності, приниження, призирства, іронії та висміювання), що не може бути доречним у таких сферах спілкування.Більшість слів, утворених шляхом редуплікації, відносяться до розмовного мовлення і сленгу. Ключові слова: редуплікація, редуплікат, словотвір, стилі мовлення, класифікація.

Grammaticalization in Young People's Language

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 155-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannis K. Androutsopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Language Varieties ◽  
Speech Styles ◽  
Youth Language ◽  
Colloquial Speech ◽  
Pragmatic Motivation ◽  
Order Pattern

Abstract. Recent research has pointed out that certain grammaticalization phenomena originate in substandard varieties and/or colloquial speech styles. However, the potential of insights to be gained from relating grammaticalization and sociolinguistics still remains largely unexplored. The present paper is an attempt at such an approach, discussing grammaticalization processes in contemporary German youth language (Jugendsprache). On a word formation level, the paper deals with nominal and verbal formatives, denominal conversions, and the use of verb stems as lexical morphemes. Syntactic phenomena include the development of the non-inflected negative null and a new intensifier word order pattern. After highlighting the relevant grammaticalization mechanisms for each of these patterns, the paper discusses the relation between slang creation and grammaticalization, emphasizing the role of expressivity as a discourse-pragmatic motivation for linguistic innovations. Finally, the paper draws attention to connections between youth specific language varieties and language change, and tries to account for the fact that some grammaticalization processes in substandard varieties never reach their potential end point.

The State’s Role in Ensuring Fair Income Distribution in Vietnam Today: Some Issues from the Theory of Justice as Fairness by John Rawls

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-195
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
John Rawls ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Social Equality ◽  
Justice As Fairness ◽  
Theory Of Justice ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Economic Philosophy ◽  
The Relationship

Fairness in income distribution is a factor that both motivates employees and contributes to maintaining social stability. In Vietnam, fair income distribution has been studied from various perspectives. In this article, through the analysis and synthesis of related documents and evidence, and from the perspective of economic philosophy, the author applies John Rawls’s Theory of Justice as Fairness to analyze some issues arising from the implementation of the state’s role in ensuring fair income distribution from 1986 to present. These are unifying the perception of fairness in income distribution; solving the relationship between economic efficiency and social equality; ensuring benefits for the least-privileged people in society; and controlling income. On that basis, the author makes some recommendations to enhance the state’s role in ensuring fair income distribution in Vietnam. Received 11thNovember 2019; Revised 10thApril 2020; Accepted 20th April 2020

Conquer and Score: A Word Formation Game for Language Learners

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Anealka Aziz Hussin ◽  
Tuan Sarifah Aini Syed Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Language Learners ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
English Language ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Language Games ◽  
Safe Environment ◽  
Learning Path ◽  
Derivational Morphemes ◽  
And Linguistics ◽  
Formation Game

Engaging students in language activities can sometimes be challenging for language educators. One of the ways to engage students in language activities is through language games. Language games can motivate students to communicate, strengthens their ability to comprehend the language and enhance their problem-solving and cognitive skills. Language games also have a vast potential to increase engagement of the students, thus lead to the creation of the Conquer & Score: The Derivational Island. It is a word formation enrichment game catering to students learning lexicology and linguistics. The topic was chosen based on the result of an online quiz on the types of morphemes. The game focuses on the derivational morphemes used to form the English language words. The game requires knowledge of morphology as well as basic lexical analysis skills. The game provides educators a fun and engaging reinforcement activity for the students. Gamification elements used in the game such as rewards, flexible learning path and progress indicator offer a safe environment for competition, which can motivate students to outdo each other to win the game. This paper also highlights some important aspects of games in learning.

Geometric Analysis and Synthesis of the Metamorphic Robotic Hand

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (11) ◽  
pp. 1191-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian S. Dai ◽  
Delun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Differential Geometry ◽  
Geometric Analysis ◽  
Robotic Hand ◽  
Traditional Structure ◽  
Curve Approximation ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Finger Motion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Robotic Fingers

This paper presents a novel robotic hand with a metamorphic palm which changes the traditional structure of a robotic hand. Based on this new hand structure, the paper investigates motion of the robotic fingers with respect to the palm by presenting finger operation planes and by revealing the relationship between finger motion and palm motion. The study presents the normals of the finger operation planes as a function of the input angles of the palm and uses these normals to relate finger motion to palm motion. This leads to the coaxial condition of the finger-palm relationship that is then converted to the coplanar condition of normals of all finger operation planes. The condition is then used to generate a coupler trajectory, and the iterative trajectory fitting and curve approximation are used for synthesis of palm links, leading to differential geometry based synthesis of angular lengths of the metamorphic palm.

Stimulating the Development of "Greening" of Ukrainian Industry

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-67
Author(s):  
Ella Sheludko ◽  
◽  
Mariia Zavgorodnia ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Circular Model ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Further Development

The object of this study is the further development of eco-innovations for the rise of industry and the economy. Emphasis is placed on the growing relevance of "green" incentives in line with climate challenges, the economical use of natural resources, as well as the need for a systematic vision of environmental issues and the implementation of international requirements. The study is based on the work of foreign scientists, international rankings and world best practices for the introduction of modern economic mechanisms of state incentives for greening the economy, green modernization, the transition to a circular model of the economy. There is a difference in the implementation of environmental policy - some local projects in Ukraine and the European approach - with the assessment of eco-innovation, systemic change, the formation of ecosystems, scaling technological solutions. The main methods used in the study are: methods of system-structural analysis, analysis and synthesis, grouping - for preliminary analysis and selection of appropriate tools in the study of the implementation of eco-innovation in Ukraine and EU countries; index valuation method and method of comparative analysis - used in the analysis of public policy to stimulate the company to "green" growth; abstract-logical method - used to establish the relationship between the need to introduce new instruments of public policy in the environmental sphere with elements of large-scale reform in the context of climate modernization of industry and to form a systematic vision of major achievements in implementing international requirements for eco-modernization of industrial enterprises. The paper analyzes the forms of international assistance that can compensate for the lack of available financial resources for the purposes of green modernization of the economy in conditions of limited financial capabilities of the state, intensification of competition for European and international environmental investments. The obtained result - a set of possible tools to stimulate Ukrainian industry - allows more systematic implementation of "greening" of Ukrainian industry, and their implementation and combination in a specific mechanism will determine the success of an industrial socially-oriented economy.

scholarly journals The Possible Use of Akerlof and Kranton’s Utility Model in Higher Education

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-150
Author(s):  
Nikolett Mihaly
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Institutional Policy ◽  
Utility Model ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Identity Changes ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: The identity and utility research carries significant role in the modern economics. There are financial outputs, if we can moderate appropriate the student’s and worker’s identities. Objectives: The paper examines the possible use of the utility model and theoretical principles of Akerlof and Kranton (2000, 2002) in higher education. The examined aspects are utility, identity and role. Methods/Approach: The paper aims at employing the model of Akerlof in higher education and how the terms identity and utility can be interpreted in this environment. Results: To sum up, we can say that while case studies and certain experiments seem to justify the model of Akerlof and Kranton, there are few scientific results in higher education to rely on that prove the relationship between identity and utility. Conclusions: It can be deduced that the identity of students has some economic impacts. Institutional policy can increase not only the success of its students but also their income through identity changes.

scholarly journals SYNTACTIC AND SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF COGNATE WORD COMBINATIONS IN THE ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-71
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Structural Models ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Speech Activity ◽  
The Status ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Root Word ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
Speech Situation

This article describes the derivational potential of root word combinations belonging to the noun, adjective and verb groups in the English and Uzbek languages and their grammatical functional features on the basis of comparative-typological, comparative and distributive methods at the lexical and syntactic levels of the language. Structural models of derivation of verbs, nouns and adjectives in the English and Uzbek languages and their features are considered based on component analysis, as well as morphological factors that ensure the completeness of derivation, their distinctive and similar features in both languages, the role and importance in the formation of verbal compounds is analyzed in detail. The article also identifies the factors that ensure the transposition of root verbs, nouns and adjectives in English and Uzbek, and describes their structural-functional and contextual-semantic analysis at the required level. Until today’s period of development of linguistics, many problematic processes related to the language system have been studied and researched. This situation can be observed both in the context of world linguistics and in the context of Uzbek linguistics. Linguistics, like all sciences, is constantly evolving. Due to this, it is natural that there are still problematic processes in this sphere today. The fact that the phenomenon of derivation less researched in the context of root words can be related to such problems, because in both English and Uzbek linguistics the problem of derivation of root words is not studied at the required level. Any new word that exists in a language takes its initial form from speech, and thus the speech dependence of the word formed ends, because the next life of a derived word goes on in a language. That is, the derived word takes its place in the paradigm of its own analogical forms after being tested in social speech activity for a certain period of time. Only derivatives that have fully passed such tests will receive the status of a language unit and, like their other paradigms, will begin to function as a means of enriching the language with new constructions. It is well known that the derivational sequence of linguistic units cannot be fully understood only on the basis of grammatical research, because word formation in its extralinguistic basis is a product of speech activity. Since related words are considered not as a finished product of the language, but as a product of speech, since they are artificial words, in speech they are activated only in the form in which they are adapted for communication. In some places, depending on the need for speech, we can also observe cases where two or more related words are involved in the process of communication or in context. In this article, the works of English and Uzbek writers are selected as a source, as well as the degree of influence of the speech situation of both languages on the choice of words is studied and scientifically substantiated on the examples taken for analysis. As a result of syntactic-semantic analysis of root word combinations in the English language, on the basis of a detailed analysis, it was shown that root words can be combined with other words in speech, forming various models.

scholarly journals Theoretical Aspects of the Territorial Approach to Region and Supply Chain Management

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-60
Author(s):  
A. P. Tyapukhin
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Binary Matrices ◽  
Territorial Approach ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
The Relationship

The territorial approach is the basic approach to a region management. At the same time, the “territory” component is the basis of the logistics complex used in Supply Chain Management. In this regard, a need is to clarify and supplement the theory and methodology of the territorial approach to the management of both the region and the supply chains.The subject of this study is the relationship between the regional authorities and the focus enterprise of the supply chain regarding the development of the territories and resources of the region on a mutually beneficial basis.The research methods are methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, as well as classification, and the tools are binary matrices that provide for the joint use of two classification attributes of the object under study and their dichotomies.The results of this study are the management principles by the competitiveness and sustainability of the management object; classifications of approaches to the management by the region and supply chains; of territories from the point of view of the focus enterprise of the supply chain and the region; the management decisions in the interaction of regions with the links of supply chains; the sequence of the formation of supply chains and the development of territories and resources of the region on the basis of the territorial approach and the relationship between them.The obtained results allow to reduce the costs and time for the development of territories and resources of the region by reducing the lost profits of the supply chain links due to their rational placement and increasing sustainability by achieving a synergistic effect both by the region and by the supply chains.

scholarly journals Semantico-Functional Features of Expressive Derivatives in the Artistic Discourse of V. Makanin

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.36) ◽  
pp. 983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia S.Volskaya ◽  
Olga A. Chupryakova ◽  
Svetlana S. Safonova ◽  
Gulnaz T. Karipzhanova
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
The World ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Abstract Feature ◽  
Individual Style

The paper is devoted to the study of semantic and functional features of expressive derivatives, both usual and occasional, in the artistic gist of the novel “Asan” by V. Makanin, as well as their role in structuring the individual-author’s linguistic picture of the world. It has been proven that the derivation of expressive lexemes is the result of improvisation according to established patterns, and that the formation of occasional substantives, adjectives and verbs involved the main methods of the Russian word derivation. It is noted that in the artistic discourse of V. Makanin, in the substantive word-formation, suffixation plays a leading role, which takes place in the sphere of abstractness and includes such lexical-semantic groups as expressive substantives with the meaning of a person, expressive substantives with the meaning of abstracted action or an abstract feature with connotation, as a rule, negative and/or reduced colloquial connotation. While in the sphere of adjectival and verbal word formation, confixation and prefixation, as the formation of expressiveness, is most productive. The paper considers the phenomenon of semantic word formation, describes the formation of semantic derivatives, including in the field of occasional vocabulary. Expressive derivatives in the artistic discourse of V. Makanin are a bright sign of his individual style, an important means of expressing the world view and outlook of the writer.  

scholarly journals Actual problems in food supplying to the world's population

Ekonomika APK ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 308 (6) ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
Bohdan Dukhnytskyi
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
The World ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Sufficient Food Supply ◽  
Food Shortages ◽  
Theoretical Generalization ◽  
Business Structures ◽  
Global Food

The purpose of the article is to investigate the problem of food shortages for a significant number of the population worldwide, taking into account the history of the problem, its causes, consequences, statistics and prospects for solving in accordance with existing trends. Research methods. Methods used: theoretical generalization - for characterizing international organizations and program goals that work to combat hunger, analysis and synthesis - for consideration the dynamics number of starving people on the planet and identify regions and countries with largest expanding such problem, comparative evaluation - for comparing absolute and relative statistical indicators in various aspects of the problem, historical - for structuring over time the measures taken to ensure sufficient food supply and their actual results, graphic - for better visualization the comparative statistics. Research results. Information on the responsible institutions that settle food shortages around the world is provided, key issues that need attention in the context of food insecurity are described, quantitative indicators of the global food problem are considered, the uneven nature of its distribution is highlighted, given list of the factors that deepen social and economic problems for the population, a clear link between poverty and chronic malnutrition is determined, critical remarks about the reality of prospect to overcome hunger according to the planned schedule are formed. Scientific novelty. An assessment of development the situation with the number of starving people in the world in the coming decades is made, taking into account an expected demographic changes and potential resources of agricultural production as a key sector in this problem. Practical significance. The provisions of the article are aimed at underlining weaknesses in the global food security system, detailing them and presenting to domestic authorities and business structures in order to find a balance between expanding export potential, participating in international initiatives and maintaining economical-effective agricultural sector. Figs.: 1. Refs.: 17.

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