scholarly journals POTENSI EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH DELIMA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Candida albicans SECARA IN VITRO

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jirna Inyoman

AbstractBackground: Infection by the Candida albicans has increased globally and reported fungal resistance to synthetic antifungal. It is, therefore, necessary to develop effective antifungal medicines for the treatment of infection by Candida albicans. This study aims to determine the content of phytochemical and inhibitory power of pomegranate skin extract on Candida albicans growth. Methode: This research type is the true experiment with post test only control design. The method used for the phytochemical test is qualitative tube method. Pomegranate skin resistivity test on Candida albicans growth was done by disc diffusion method. The pomegranate skin is tested at concentrations of 100%, 75%, 50%, 25% and 10%. Negative control with 96% alcohol and positive control using ketocenazole 2%. Result: The results of phytochemical tests showed pomegranate skin extract containing saponins, tannins, and flavonoids. Pomegranate skin extracts are not able to inhibit the growth of Candida albicans by disc diffusion method.Conclusion:The conclusion of this study is pomegranate skin extracts can not inhibit Candida albicans growth, For other researchers which use jatropha curcas twigs, are suggested to do a phytochemical test quantitatively and to test the antifungal potential with liquid DMSO 10%, kloroform and petroleum eter..Keywords:Potential antifungal, pomegranate skin extract, Candida albicans

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Romauli Anna Teresia Marbun

(Article History: Received 5 October 2020; Revised 8 October 2020; Accepted 15 October 2020) ABSTRAKJamur Candida albicans merupakan jamur penyebab kandidiasis dan penyebab sariawan, lesi pada kulit, vulvavaginistis, candida pada urin (kandiduria), dan gastrointestinal kandidiasis. Salah satu jenis tanaman yang berkhasiat sebagai obat yaitu pirdot (Sauraia vulcani Korth.) dan bagian yang biasanya digunakan adalah bagian daun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas ekstrak daun pirdot terhadap pertumbuhan C. albicans secara in vitro. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian true experiment dengan rancangan penelitian post-test only control group. Metode yang digunakan adalah difusi agar menggunakan teknik kirby bauer. Penelitian ini menggunakan 4 variasi konsentrasi ekstrak daun pirdot, yaitu 10%, 20%, 40%, dan 80%, kontrol positif (tablet ketokonazol), dan kontrol negatif (Dimethyl Sulfoxide). Data yang diperoleh dianalisa menggunakan statistika secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan daya hambat mulai dari konsentrasi 10% sebesar 8,96 mm daya hambat tertinggi pada konsentrasi 80% sebesar 18,33 mm. Kesimpulan ekstrak daun pirdot memiliki aktivitas antijamur terhadap C. albicans.Kata kunci: Antijamur; Candida albicans; Metode Difusi; Saurauia vulcani Korth. ABSTRACTCandida albicans is fungus that causes candidiasis and causes thrush, skin lesions, vulvavaginism, candidiuria and gastrointestinal candidiasis. One type of plant that has medicinal properties is pirdot (Sauraia vulcani Korth.) and the part that is usually used is the leaves. The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of pirdot leaf extract on the growth of C. albicans in vitro. This study was a true experiment with a post-test only control group research design. The method used agar diffusion using Kirby Bauer technique. This study used 4 variations concentration namely 10%, 20%, 40%, and 80%, positive control (ketoconazole tablets), and negative control (Dimethyl Sulfoxide). The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis. The results showed that the inhibitory from a concentration of 10% of 8.96 mm, the highest inhibition was at 80% of 18.33 mm. In conclusion, pirdot leaf extract has antifungal activity against C. albicans.Keywords: Antifungal; Candida albicans; Diffusison Method; Saurauia vulcani Korth


2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Nurhasanah Nurhasanah ◽  
Fauzia Andrini ◽  
Yulis Hamidy

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) has been known as traditional medicine. Shallot which has same genus with garlic(Allium sativum L.) contains allicin that is also found in garlic and has been suspected has fungicidal activity toCandida albicans. It is supported by several researches. Therefore, shallot is suspected has antifungal activity too.The aim of this research was to know antifungal activity of shallot’s water extortion againsts Candida albicans invitro. This was a laboratory experimental research which used completely randomized design, with diffusion method.Shallot’s water extortion was devided into three concentrations, there were 50%, 100% and 200%. Ketoconazole 2%was positive control and aquadest was negative control. The result of this research based on analysis of varians(Anova), there was significant difference between several treatments and was confirmed with Duncan New MultipleRange Test (DNMRT) p<0,05, there was significant difference between 100% shallot’s water extortion with othertreatments, but there was no significant difference between 50% shallot’s water extortion with 200% shallot’s. Theconclusion was shallot’s water extortion had antifungal activity againsts Candida albicans with the best concentration100%, but it was lower than ketoconazole 2%.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
Margareta Retno Priamsari ◽  
Agastia Cicilia Wibowo

Noni juice can inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli bacteria. Noni juice extraction needs concentration to extract so that the preparation is more stable in the storage process. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity and the amount of the minimum inhibitory concentration of noni juice extract from E. coli bacteria in vitro. This type of experimental research with a completely randomized one-way design. The extract was obtained by concentrating the Noni leaf extract. Extract quality control parameters include organoleptic, yield, drying shrinkage, and qualitative tests of flavonoid and anthraquinone compounds. Antibacterial activity test using the disc diffusion method with an extract concentration of 1.56%; 3.12%; 6.25%; 12.5%; and 25% with 3 replications. Positive control of amoxicillin and negative control of distilled water. Inhibition is known from the zone formed around the paper disc. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using Kruskall Wallis followed by Mann Whitney with a 95% confidence level. The results showed that the variation in the concentration of the noni juice extract had a significant effect (p <0.05). The biggest inhibitory zone was seen at 25% concentration of 10.16 mm and included in the strong category. The minimum inhibitory power was produced at a concentration of 3.12% at 2.50 mm with a weak treatment category.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Qyana Al Farisi ◽  
Yuke Andriane ◽  
Miranti Kania Dewi

Kematian akibat infeksi Shigella, terutama Shigella dysenteriae dapat mencapai lebih dari 10% terutama pada anak dan lanjut usia pada kondisi tanpa pemberian terapi yang efektif. Siprofloksasin merupakan lini pertama untuk pengobatan infeksi Shigella, akan tetapi obat ini memiliki beberapa kekurangan di antaranya harga yang mahal dan resistensi. Daun mengkudu merupakan tanaman tradisional yang diduga memiliki efek antimikro dan diharapkan dapat menjadi alternatif terapi antibiotik bagi Shigella dysenteriae yang saat ini sudah banyak mengalami resistensi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efek antimikro ekstrak air daun mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) terhadap bakteri Shigella dysenteriae. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental laboratorium murni. Zona hambat ditentukan melalui metode difusi cakram. Objek penelitian yang digunakan adalah Shigella dysenteriae ATCC nomor 13313. Sampel uji berupa ekstrak air daun mengkudu konsentrasi 100%, kontrol positif (siprofloksasin) dan kontrol negatif (aquadest) dengan 9 kali pengulangan. Hasil uji antimikro dengan metode difusi cakram menunjukkan tidak terbentuk zona hambat pada ekstrak air daun mengkudu konsentrasi 100%. Hal tersebut menunjukkan ekstrak air daun mengkudu konsentrasi 100% tidak memiliki efek antimikro terhadap bakteri Shigella dysenteriae. Kadar flavonoid, tanin, dan alkaloid yang terdapat dalam ekstrak air daun mengkudu konsentrasi 100% pada penelitian ini kemungkinan belum cukup untuk menghasilkan efek yang diharapkan. Antimicrobial Effect of Water Extract of Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) Leaves against Shigella dysenteriae In VitroDeath due to infection with Shigella, especially Shigella dysenteriae, can reach more than 10%, especially in children and the elderly in conditions without effective therapy. Ciprofloxacin is the first line for the treatment of Shigella infection, however this drug has several disadvantages including high price and resistance. Noni leaf is a traditional plant that is thought to have antimicrobial effects and is expected to be an alternative antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysenteriae which is currently experiencing a lot of resistance. The purpose of this study was to determine the antimicrobial effect of the water extract of noni leaves (Morinda citrifolia L.) on Shigella dysenteriae bacteria. This research is a pure laboratory experimental study. The zone of inhibition is determined by the disc diffusion method. The research object used was Shigella dysenteriae ATCC number 13313. The test sample was a water extract of noni leaves with a concentration of 100%, positive control (ciprofloxacin) and negative control (aquadest) with 9 repetitions. The results of the antimicrobial test using the disc diffusion method showed no inhibition zone was formed in the water extract of noni leaves with a concentration of 100%. This shows that a water extract of noni leaves with a concentration of 100% did not have an antimicrobial effect against the Shigella dysenteriae bacteria. The levels of flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids contained in the water extract of noni leaves with a concentration of 100%  in this study may not be sufficient to produce the expected effect.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
Virendra Vaishnav ◽  
Debasish Sahoo ◽  
Tanushree Chatterjee

Medicinal Plants are the good source of natural antimicrobial agents. The main aim of present study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of stem and root of Rauwolfia serpentina against six microorganism, Powdered stem and root of plant were extracted with acetone, chloroform and methanol and streptomycin used as positive control. The antibacterial activity of Rauwolfia serpentine was detected by using disc diffusion method and agar well diffusion method on the following bacteria- Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus fusiformis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and P. luminescens. The experiment reported that R. serpentina Root methanol extract shown 14.86 ± 1.11 highest antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa through well diffusion method. Whereas root chloroform recorded 13.46 ± 1.28 highest antibacterial activity against E. coli through disc diffusion method, maximum zone of inhibition 22.66±0.52 mm was found for the positive control, streptomycin through well diffusion method. Further studies should be undertaken to reveal the correct mechanism of action of antimicrobial effect to identify the active ingredients which can be used in drug development program.


Author(s):  
Niken . ◽  
Eliza Arman ◽  
Rahmi Novita Yusuf ◽  
Honesty Diana Morika

Background: Pomegranate (Punica granatum) is one of the traditional medicines that contains antibacterial compounds that are effective against bacterial growth. Its chemical content includes saponins, tannins and flavonoids. Escherichia coli is a gram-negative bacterium which is a normal flora germ found in the human large intestine. These bacteria are pathogenic when they are outside the intestine and produce enterotoxins in epithelial cells which cause diarrhea. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial effect of pomegranate skin extract on the growth of Escherichia coli.Methods: This study used an experimental design study with a complete randomized design study divided into 5 groups namely groups 1 (15 ug/ml), 2 (20 ug/ml), 3 (25 ug/ml), positive control (ciprofloxatin), negative control. Making pomegranate peel extract was done by maceration method then rotary, after that the effectiveness of pomegranate extract extracted by the diffusion method was tested using Anova one-way test.Results: The results showed that the extract of pomegranate peel showed that it was able to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli with a ratio of constants (15 ug/ml, 20 ug/ml, 25 ug/ml with inhibition diameters of 6.7 mm, 6.7 mm, 6, 7 mm, while for positive control with ciprofloxatin showed bacterial resistance to antibiotics.Conclusions: Statistically, pomegranate skin extract has an antibacterial power which is meaningful with p 0.005. Pomegranate rind extract has antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli medium because inhibition zone is 5-10 mm.


2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Tyfany Imanu Sabrina, Sudarno, Hari Suprapto

Abstract Aspergillus terreus is a fungus that causes aspergillosis disease. The infected fishes showed grey white patches over the body. Haemorrhagic ulceratic patches were observed on the gill and skin. The infections resulted in the death of the fishes. The use of chemicals to control fungal attack A. terreus can harm fish, the environment and humans who eat them. Treatment of fungal diseases that use a lot of chemicals that can harm the fish, the environment and humans who eat them. The use of medicinal plants is a safe way to inhibit and kill fungus growth as well as environmentally friendly. One of them uses the basil plant (Ocimum sanctum). The purpose of this study was to determine the minimum concentration of activity and basil leaf juice (O. sanctum Linn) as antifungal against A. terreus growth in vitro . The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Airlangga University in July 2013. The method used in this research that the paper disc diffusion method and diffusion pitting. The analysis used in this study is descriptive statistica. The results of research using the juice of basil leaves (O. santum) of juice concentration of 50% (2,5 ml juice of basil leaves + 2,5 ml NaCl) to concentration 100% (5 ml juice of basil leaves) did not produce a clear zone around the paper discs and pitting, it is the same as the negative control. The positive control did not show fungus growing on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar medium (SDA).


2015 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 580-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila de Camargo Smolarek ◽  
Luis Antonio Esmerino ◽  
Ana Cláudia Chibinski ◽  
Marcelo Carlos Bortoluzzi ◽  
Elizabete Brasil dos Santos ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Objectives: This in vitro study evaluated the antimicrobial effects of commercial toothpastes containing natural compounds. Materials and Methods: The study groups were divided based on the natural compound present in the toothpaste composition: Sorbitol (I), tocopherol (II), mint (III), cinnamon/mint (IV), propolis/melaleuca (V), mint/açai (VI), mint/guarana (VII), propolis (VIII), negative control (IX), and the positive control (X). The antimicrobial properties of the toothpastes were tested using the disk diffusion method against oral pathogens: Streptococcus mutans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis. The resulting inhibition halos were measured in millimeters. Results: The data indicated that the bacteria responded differently to the toothpastes (P < 0.0001). The diameters of the inhibition halos against S. mutans were in decreasing order of efficacy: Propolis/melaleuca > mint/guarana > mint/açai > sorbitol > tocopherol > cinnamon/mint > propolis > mint (P < 0.001 vs. negative control). E. faecalis showed variable responses to the dentifrices in the following order of decreasing efficacy: Mint/guarana > propolis > sorbitol > mint/açai > tocopherol > cinnamon/mint > mint = propolis/melaleuca = negative control. The product with the highest antimicrobial activity was mint/guarana, which was significantly different than propolis/melaleuca, mint, cinnamon/mint, and tocopherol and negative control (P < 0.001). The statistical analysis indicated that propolis, sorbitol, and mint/açai did not show any differences compared to mint/guarana (P > 0.05) and positive control (P > 0.05). P. aeruginosa was resistant to all dental gels tested including positive control. Conclusion: The toothpastes with natural compounds have therapeutic potential and need more detailed searches for the correct clinic therapeutic application. The results from this study revealed differences in the antimicrobial activities of commercial toothpastes with natural compounds.


DENTA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Endah Wahjuningsih ◽  
Paramita Devi Oktaviani ◽  
Dwi Andriani

<p><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Background:</em></strong><em> </em><em>Candida albicans is normal flora of oral cavity that can be pathogenic due to predisposition influence so that trigger Oral candidiasis. Stichopus hermanii suspected as an Oral candidiasis therapy because it contain antioxidant compound, antitumor and antifungi. <strong>Objective:</strong> Analyzing the effectiveness of Stichopus hermanii supplementation as a </em><em>protective effect</em><em> of oral </em><em>candidiasis in Rats exposure to smoke. <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> This experiment is post test only group control design using 35 male rats divided into 5 groups(X). X1 (negative control), X2 (positive control), X3 (Stichopus hermanii powder 0,0225mg/kgBB), X4 (Stichopus hermanii powder 0,045mg/kgBB), X5 (Stichopus hermanii powder 0,09mg/kgBB). Candida albicans induced into the mouth by an oral swab using cotton bud 3 times a week for 8 weeks. Smoke exposure as a predisposition factor be given 3 bars per day for 8 weeks. The rats being killed and tongue biopsies measure the thickness of tongue epithelium. The obtained data analyzation using One Way ANOVA and LSD test. <strong>Result: </strong>There is a significant difference (p&lt;0.05) between X1 and X2, X1 and X3, X1 and X4, X1 and X5, X2 and X3, X2 and X4, X2 and X5, X3 and X5</em>.<em> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Adduction of Stichopus hermanii capable of reducing risk of Oral candidiasis. Supplementation of Stichopus hermanii powder 0,09mg/kgBB is the most effective reduce thickness of the tongue epithelium in the group that exposure to smoke and induced of Candida albicans.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> Stichopus hermanii, Oral candidiasis, Tongue, Candida albicans, Thickness of Epithelium</em><em> </em></p><p><em><strong>Correspondence</strong>: Endah Wahjuningsih, Laboratorium Biologi Oral Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Hang Tuah, Jl, Arif Rahman Hakim 150, Surabaya, Indonesia. Ph 031-5945864, fax: 031-5912191, e-mail address: [email protected]</em></p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Dhilan Purna Aji ◽  
Achmad Gunadi ◽  
Tantin Ermawati

Pendahuluan: Basis gigi tiruan nilon termoplastik merupakan alternatif pengganti basis gigi tiruan resin akrilik. Pembersihan gigi tiruan diperlukan untuk menjaga basis gigi tiruan agar tetap bersih dari kontaminasi mikroorganisme. Daun seledri merupakan bahan alam yang memiliki kandungan flavonoid, saponin, tanin, dan minyak atsiri yang sudah terbukti bersifat antijamur. Penelitian sebelumnya hanya melihat zona hambat saja. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis efektivitas perasan daun seledri sebagai pembersih gigi tiruan terhadap pertumbuhan Candida albicans pada basis gigi tiruan nilon termoplastik. Metode: Eksperimental laboratoris dengan rancangan penelitian post-test only control group design. Sampel nilon termoplastik berbentuk cakram dengan diameter 10 mm dan tebal 2 mm  sebanyak 25 dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok. Sampel dikontaminasi dengan C. albicans setelah direndam dalam kontrol negatif (akuades) selama 6 jam, kontrol positif (tablet effervescent) selama 15 menit, dan perasan daun seledri konsentrasi 25, 50, dan 100% selama 6 jam. Sampel selanjutnya diletakkan dalam media sabouraud dextrose broth (SDB). Pengujian efektivitas perasan daun seledri dilakukan dengan menentukan nilai absorbansi kekeruhan media SDB menggunakan spektrofotometer. Data dianalisis menggunakan one-way ANOVA dan Least Significant Difference (LSD). Hasil: Nilai konsentrasi C. albicans pada kelompok kontrol negatif mendapatkan hasil 0,380 x 108 CFU/mL, kontrol positif mendapatkan hasil 0,310 x 108 CFU/mL, perasan daun seledri konsentrasi 25% mendapatkan hasil 0,243 x 108 CFU/mL, konsentrasi 50% mendapatkan hasil 0,160 x 108 CFU/mL, dan konsentrasi 100% mendapatkan hasil 0,236 x 108 CFU/mL. Simpulan: Perasan daun seledri efektif sebagai pembersih gigi tiruan untuk menghambat  pertumbuhan C. albicans, dengan konsentrasi yang efektif sebesar 50%.Kata kunci: Nilon termoplastik, perasan daun seledri, Candida albicans. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Thermoplastic nylon denture base is an alternative to the acrylic resin denture base. Denture cleaning is needed to keep the denture base clean from contamination by microorganisms. Celery leaves are natural ingredients that contain flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and essential oils that have been proven to have antifungal properties. Previous research only observed the inhibitory zone. This research was aimed to analyse the effectiveness of celery leaf juice as a denture cleaner against the growth of Candida albicans on thermoplastic nylon denture base. Methods: Experimental laboratory with a post-test only control group design was conducted towards 25 disc-shaped thermoplastic nylon samples with a diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of 2 mm, and divided into five groups. Samples were contaminated with C. albicans after immersion in the negative control (aquadest) for 6 hours, positive control (effervescent tablets) for 15 minutes, and celery leaf juice with the concentrations of 25, 50, and 100% for 6 hours. The sample was then placed in the Sabouraud-dextrose broth (SDB) medium. The effectiveness of celery leaf juice was tested by determining the absorbance value of SDB media turbidity using a spectrophotometer. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA and Least Significant Difference (LSD). Results: The concentration value of C. albicans in the negative control group was 0.380 x 108 CFU / mL, the positive control was 0.310 x 108 CFU / mL, the juice of celery leaves with the concentration of 25% was 0.243 x 108 CFU / mL, the concentration of 50% was 0.160 x 108 CFU / mL, and the concentration of 100% was 0.236 x 108 CFU / mL. Conclusion: Celery leaf juice is effective as a denture cleaner to inhibit the growth of C. albicans, with an effective concentration of 50%.Keywords: Thermoplastic nylon, celery leaf juice, Candida albicans.


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