CATEGORY “SPACE” IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE PICTURE OF THE WORLD (IN THE PHILOSOPHICAL DISCOURSE)

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-57
Author(s):  
И.Ю. Лавриненко
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
World View ◽  
Cognitive Structure ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Philosophical Discourse ◽  
Philosophical Interpretation ◽  
The World ◽  
Space Organization

Постановка задачи. В статье проводится анализ феномена «пространство»/”space”, рассматриваемого в русле лингвокогнитивного подхода. Исследование осуществляется в рамках философского дискурса, материалом исследования выступает философский текст трактата Ф. Бэкона “The Essays”. Ставится задача проанализировать средства вербальной экспликации феномена «пространство»/”space” с применением семантико-когнитивного подхода, провести их интерпретационный и квантитативный анализ, определить признаки, принадлежащие к областям ближней и дальней периферии лексико-семантического поля феномена «пространство»/”space”, а также получить представление о специфике содержания данного феномена в английской языковой картине мира в трактовке философского мировосприятия. Результаты. Феномен «пространство»/ “space”в философском дискурсе Ф. Бэкона представлен в образе сада. Феномен Сад в английской картине мира - это сложное многокомпонентное когнитивное образование, к ядерным признаками когнитивной структуры которого относятся: «ограниченность», «окультуренность территории», «место отдыха». Признаки, принадлежащие к областям его дальней периферии, инкорпорированы в составе трех групп: организация пространства; действия в пространстве; оценка пространства. Наиболее представительной в квантитативном отношении репрезентируемых примеров является группа признаков организация пространства, репрезентирующая признаки геометрических параметров сада и условий организации пространства. Выводы. Феномен «пространство»/”space” в философской картине мира представляет собой сложное ментальное образование, которое можно представить в виде структурно-параметрической модели, базовыми показателями в которой выступают геометрические параметры. Метрическая точность организации составляет сущность садового пространства в понимании философии Ф. Бэкона, что определяет его следующие функции: быть комфортным местом эстетического наслаждения и релаксации человека, представлять собой результат воссоединения человеческих знаний, опыта и богатства природы. Взаимосвязанность компонентов сада, их гармоничное сосуществование создает ассоциативную параллель между организацией пространства сада и миниатюрой устройства мира в философской интерпретации Ф. Бэкона, в котором пространство - компонент растительного мира, локус которого предназначен для активной деятельности человека, постоянного эксперимента в полной гармонии с природой. Problem Statement. The article presents the analysis of the phenomenon “space” in the aspect of linguistic-and-cognitive approach to the language study. The research is conducted on the material of philosophical discourse, namely, on the texts of the philosophical treatise of F. Bacon “The Essays”. Means of verbal explication of the phenomenon “space” are analyzed using semantic-and-cognitive approach, their interpretational and quantitative analysis is conducted, the features of near and far periphery of the lexical-and-semantic field of the phenomenon “space” are determined, the specific features of its content in the English linguistic picture of the world in the consideration of philosophical world view are revealed. Results. The phenomenon “space” in the philosophical discourse of F. Bacon is represented by the image of garden. The phenomenon garden in the English picture of the world is a complex multicomponent cognitive formation, its nuclear areas of cognitive structure incorporate the following features: “limitation”, “cultivated territory”, “place for rest”. The features belonging to far periphery of the phenomenon garden can be presented by three groups: “ Organization of Space ” ; “Activity in Space”; “Evaluation of Space”. The most number of language examples represent the group “ Organization of Space ”, that contains the feature of geometrical parameters of garden and conditions of organization of garden space. Conclusion. Phenomenon “space” in the philosophical discourse is a complex mental formation. Its contents can be represented by structural-and-parametric model, basic elements of which are geometric parameters. Metric accuracy is the basis of space organization of garden in the aspect of philosophy of F. Bacon. Space is determined by the following function of garden: to be a comfortable place for esthetic visualization and relaxation, to present a result of the unity of man`s knowledge and experience and uniqueness of nature. The interconnection of the components of garden, their harmonious co-existence makes up an associative parallel between organization of garden space and miniature of the world model in the philosophical interpretation of F. Bacon. Space is considered to be a component of plant life, a locus for man`s activity, man`s constant experiment in harmony with nature.

Language in Education

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-40
Author(s):  
Lawrence Moser
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
World View ◽  
Cognitive Structure ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The World ◽  
Oral Speech

Language is a way of communicating between people by the use of symbols, signs, writing and oral speech. Language is used in different ways in different communities, countries and cultures throughout the world. Lindfors (1980, p.43) suggests that language consists of three major components: Semantic, Syntatic and Phonological.Language is seen as being acquired by human beings through their own interaction with the environment that surrounds them. Human beings are able to build an overview of their language through personal experience, and also a cognitive structure developed from their world view.

scholarly journals PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH ZOONYM COMPONENT IN DIALECT WORLD VIEW OF KUBAN REGION INHABITANTS: COGNITION MECHANISMS

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-51
Author(s):  
OLGA G. BORISOVA ◽  
◽  
LYUDMILA YU. KOSTINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Cognitive Structure ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
The World ◽  
Unique Nature ◽  
Well Data ◽  
Insight Into

The article examines cognitive mechanisms of Kuban region set expressions origin, which include animalistic vocabulary and which represent a significant part of dialect picture of the world. The material for the research was taken from regional printed and handwritten lexicographical sources on a subject of Kuban sub-dialects, as well data was collected during long-term dialect expeditions. The results demonstrate the variety of these mechanisms, which are based on actual observations by the sub-dialect speakers on behavior, peculiar appearance, voice, smell of animals and human actions in regard thereto. The amount and variety of selected tokens prove the significance of zoomorphic code in the Kuban region inhabitants’ world view. Ethnocultural conjoinings of set expressions were found, which provide insight into the unique nature of the villager’s world view. The analysis of discursive sources of origin of phraseological units with a zoonym component enabled to trace the birth of a new cognitive structure as a result of conceptualisation of human knowledge. It was demonstrated, that meanings of Kuban phraseological units, being the product of cognitive and discursive activity of sub-dialect speakers, unite the results of sensuous impressions and pragmatist perception of the world around us.

О содержательном варьировании термина космизм

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н. В. Козловская
Keyword(s):  
Natural Science ◽  
Spiritual Development ◽  
World View ◽  
Language Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Philosophical Discourse ◽  
Semantic Variation ◽  
The Individual

В статье использован когнитивный подход к терминологии, в рамках которого термин рассматри-вается как компонент динамической модели языка для специальных целей, диалектически сочетаю-щий в себе стабильную знаковую форму и постоянное переосмысление содержание. Содержатель-ное варьирование термина обусловлено сложностью семантики термина, а также диалектическим характером познания.Цель статьи – выявить и лингвистически обосновать различия в понятийном наполнении тер-мина космизм в разных областях знания. Для решения этой научной задачи произведен анализ контекстуальных определений и выявлены элементы сходства и различия в функционировании и содержании термина в разных типах дискурсов: религиозно-философском, философском, есте-ственнонаучном и литературно-художественном. Сопоставление содержательного наполнения тер-м\xD0\xB8на космизм в языках для специальных целей показало, что в философии термин космизм может включать исторический и субъективный компоненты значения, отражающие развитие философ-ской мысли в рамках направления или индивидуального мировоззрения (космизм в древнегреческой философии, космизм Спинозы, поздний космизм, космизм Н. А. Бердяева).Изменение содержательной структуры термина в философском дискурсе не затрагивает понятий-ного ядра, включающего базовые слоты, сохраняющиеся во всех без исключения терминосистемах. Однако организация этих слотов и содержательная связь между ними может быть разной: в боль-шинстве концепций это преобладание вселенского (космического) начала над индивидуальным, од-нако в авторской терминосистеме Н. А. Бердяева происходит выбор и замена слота ‘подчинение’ на ‘равенство’. Это свидетельствует о том, что космизм – полиинтерпретируемый философский термин, дефинитивная вариантность которого определяется конкретной философской терминосистемой, в том числе авторской. Термин может использоваться в широком (философское понимание кос-мизма) и узком (естественнонаучное понимание космизма в трудах К. Э. Циолковского, В. И. Вер-надского и др.) значениях. За пределами философского дискурса термин активно используется как литературоведческое понятие, обозначающее различные виды поэтического мировоззрения (кос-мизм Ф. И. Тютчева, космизм С. А. Есенина). Кроме того, термин космизм как название направления пролетарской поэзии, является частью закрытой терминосистемы, существовавшей в 1918–1925 гг. (творчество поэтов Пролеткульта).Все эти интерпретационные варианты объединены общим сигнификативным компонентом зна-чения, включающим базовые компоненты: Человек, Вселенная, способ взаимосвязи между ними. Экстралингвистически содержательная вариантность термина обусловлена движением научной мысли и вектором духовного развития, лингвистически – перегруппировкой и добавлением слотов в фреймовую структуру термина.Материалом исследования являются тексты, содержащие термин космизм. Терминофиксирующие источники (словари, энциклопедии) в ходе анализа не использовались, так как ни один источни\xD0\xBA такого типа не отражает явления содержательной вариантности термина в полной мере.The paper deals with the cognitive approach to terminology, according to which the term is considered as part of a dynamic language model for special purposes, which dialectically combines a stable sign form with constant rethinking of the meaning. The semantic variation of the term is caused by both the complexity of the term’s semantics and the dialectical character of cognition.The research is aimed at the revelation and linguistic substantiation of the differences in the conceptual contents the term cosmism demonstrates in different branches of knowledge. In order to solve the above-mentioned scientific task, the contextual definitions of the term are analyzed and the similarities and differences in the functioning and meaning of the term are revealed depending on different discourse types such as the religious-philosophical, philosophical, natural-science as well as literary and art discourse. The comparison of the conceptual meanings of the term cosmism in languages for special purposes has shown that cosmism as a philosophical term can comprise historical and subjective semantic components which reflect the development of philosophical thought within the framework of a certain movement or of an individual world view (cosmism in Ancient Greek philosophy, Spinoza’s cosmism, the late cosmism, Berdyaev’s cosmism).The transformation of the term’s semantic structure in philosophical discourse does not affect the conceptual meaning including the basic slots which remain preserved in all systems of terminology without exception. However, the slot structure and the semantic connection between them may be different: in most conceptions, the universal, or cosmic, principle prevails over the individual one, while in Berdyaev’s individual terminology, a term selection can be observed and the slot ‘subordination’ is replaced through the slot ‘equality’. This statement is the evidence of the fact that cosmism is a variously interpreted philosophical term whose definitive variation is determined by a certain philosop hical term system, including the one of an individual author.The term can be interpreted in a broad sense (the philosophical understanding of cosmism) and a narrow sense (the natural-science understanding of cosmism in Tsiolkovsky’s and Vernadsky’s works). Beyond the philosophical discourse, the term is frequently used as a concept in the study of literature, where it denotes different types of poetic worldview (Tyutchev’s cosmism, Esenin’s cosmism). Besides, the term cosmism belongs to the closed term system as a denomination for the Proletarian poetry movement in the years 1918–1925 (the works of Proletkult poets).The above-mentioned interpretational variants are united by a common significant semantic component which includes the basic semes: the Human, the Universe, and the way of intercommunication between them. From an extralinguistic point of view, the semantic variation of the term is determined by a current of scientific thought and a trend for spiritual development, while linguistically it is caused by the rearrangement and addition of slots into the term’s frame structure.The research is based on texts which contain the term cosmism. Sources containing the lexicographic representation of the term (like dictionaries or encyclopedias) have not been used for the purpose of analysis since there is no source of such kind that would be able to fully reflect the semantic variation of the term.

scholarly journals A Comparative Perspective on Kabir and George Herbert's Poetry

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Sucheta Chaturvedi
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
English Language ◽  
World View ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
George Herbert ◽  
Religious Poetry ◽  
Mixed Form ◽  
The World ◽  
Close Study

The Bhakti movement in India attempted reforms by fighting caste rigidities and superstitions. Almost around the same time the Cambridge reformers were attempting to reform the Catholic Church and propagating Protestant ideas. This paper attempts a comparative perspective on George Herbert’s poetry in relation to some aspects of Bhakti poetry in India, especially with reference to Kabir. George Herbert who was a Metaphysical poet is classified as a devotional poet for the corpus of religious poetry he wrote. The approach of this Metaphysical poet and poets like Kabir from the Bhakti movement has certain points of comparison. Certain similarities in the discourse of the disciple as slave to his Lord; as the lover in search of a union etc. finds place in this discussion. This paper engages in a close study of the religious poetry of George Herbert and that of Kabir in relation to the trends of the Bhakti movement. The language used by most Bhakti poets is simple and words from the vernacular languages of India find a presence in pure or mixed form. Kabir uses the ‘sadhukkadi’ or ‘khichdi’ language. Though Herbert wrote in the English language the world-view of both the poets is quite similar. Some of the images and the philosophy that manifests itself in the two poets are examined through this comparative study.

scholarly journals COGNITIVE ASPECTS OF MARKETING TERMS

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 773-777
Author(s):  
E.I. Arkhipova ◽  
Yu.V. Zheleznova
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Frame Theory ◽  
Frame Structures ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Language System ◽  
The World ◽  
Marketing Systems ◽  
Subject Of Cognition

The article is devoted to the analysis of marketing terms from the standpoint of anthropocentric and cognitive approaches. The first approach postulates the primacy of man as a subject of cognition over the language system in a broad sense. The cognitive approach is aimed at identifying ways of classifying, categorizing and mastering the world in human cognitive activity. The cognitive aspects of the English-language marketing terms are described. It emphasizes the ability to structure the term system of marketing from the point of view of frame theory. Examples of frame structures are given and cognitive categories of terminological marketing systems are highlighted.

Religious Metaphysics and Poetics of the Language of Joseph Brodsky (to the 80th Anniversary of the Poet’s Birth)

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-110
Author(s):  
Daniil Yu. Dorofeev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
World View ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
80Th Anniversary ◽  
Joseph Brodsky ◽  
Marina Tsvetaeva ◽  
The World ◽  
Religious Aspects

An article dedicated to the 80th anniversary of Joseph Brodsky examines the meta­physical and religious aspects of the poet’s understanding of the language. The au­thor explores the problem of the evolution of Brodsky's attitude to religion through the material of his numerous interviews and essays, showing that his particular po­etic religiosity, the underlying metaphysics of the language and the assessment of religious denominations were shaped under the direct influence of the ethos of the English language and its specific incarnations in the works of J. Donn and es­pecially W. Auden. The order of the English language (ordo lingua), which entered into a dialogue with the structural forms characteristic of the Russian poetic tradi­tion (metrics, rhythmics, caesura, etc.), determined the original warehouse of poet­ics, aesthetics, world view, religious metaphysics and even the external image of J. Brodsky, making for him, Calvinism and Judaism are closest to him in the mat­ter of understanding God, the world and man. Of particular importance in this context was for Brodsky the creativity and creativity of Marina Tsvetaeva and the philosophers S. Kierkegaard and L. Shestov, which was highly valued by him. For the author of the article, it was important to emphasize that both religious-metaphysical and, on the whole, the values and ideological views of J. Brodsky were determined precisely by the aesthetics of the language, to which the poet de­voted himself to unquestioning service to himself.

The Role of Imagery in Film Creation (on the Example of Technical Images in Western Sci-Fi Films)

Discourse ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
S. A. Pankratova
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Conceptual System ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
Unique Method ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Film Scripts ◽  
High Level

Introduction. The paper deals with the peculiarities of the technical image nomination in western sci-fi films. The aim of the paper is to analyse the means of rendering of the technical imagery in modern films. The scientific topicality is in treating the subject of the paper in the light of the modern cognitive approach to image conceptualization, which is studied with the aim of demonstrating the individual specific picture of the world of the film creation. The study is centered around technical images from western films about computers and mechanisms. The topicality of the study is defined by the invariably high level of popularity of the technical sphere in the modernity by comparison with other (natural, biological) semantic spheres.Methodology and sources. The paper makes use of specific linguistic methods of observation, description, qualitative count and the universal method of comparison. The unique method of conceptual modelling allows to reconstruct reality objects behind certain technical images. The method “from the opposite” questions the trend to activate certain thematic fields in image nomination whilst other are left unheeded. The fact basis of the study is formed from more than 500 technical images of the modern English language, found by means of solid selection from more than 30 feature film scripts, dealing with the world of technology based on the site scripts.com.Results and discussion. The analysis of technical imagery in western film discourse was carried out with the help of cognitive and discoursive methods, disclosing evaluational statements of film characters aimed at solving the topical issues in films. The analysis demonstrated that thanks to its implicit nature the image is able to render the emotional condition, to give direction to thought process, to provide wide program of information processing accompanied by the freedom of choice. Evaluational categories of expressiveness and imagery are used by directors and scriptwriters in assessment and adaptation of the collective knowledge and schemes in personal conceptual system of the film character in the process of the rendering of the personal vision of the world.Conclusion. The use of cognitive and discoursive methods allowed to identify the role of images in film production. The image doesn’t belong to the secondary background knowledge, it is situated in the middle between the secondary and the significant, enabling the knowledge with the element of emotion. The implicitness of images in films stimulates thinking, directs the search of lost plot lines, lays the basis for the disclosure of the director’s vision. The image allows the viewer to be active and the process of viewing become a kind of common creation, common drawing of the image.

The Center for International Biomedical Communications Research

1966 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 142-146
Author(s):  
A. Kent ◽  
P. J. Vinken
Keyword(s):  
Information Needs ◽  
English Language ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Biomedical Literature ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
The World ◽  
The University ◽  
Excerpta Medica Foundation

A joint center has been established by the University of Pittsburgh and the Excerpta Medica Foundation. The basic objective of the Center is to seek ways in which the health sciences community may achieve increasingly convenient and economical access to scientific findings. The research center will make use of facilities and resources of both participating institutions. Cooperating from the University of Pittsburgh will be the School of Medicine, the Computation and Data Processing Center, and the Knowledge Availability Systems (KAS) Center. The KAS Center is an interdisciplinary organization engaging in research, operations, and teaching in the information sciences.Excerpta Medica Foundation, which is the largest international medical abstracting service in the world, with offices in Amsterdam, New York, London, Milan, Tokyo and Buenos Aires, will draw on its permanent medical staff of 54 specialists in charge of the 35 abstracting journals and other reference works prepared and published by the Foundation, the 700 eminent clinicians and researchers represented on its International Editorial Boards, and the 6,000 physicians who participate in its abstracting programs throughout the world. Excerpta Medica will also make available to the Center its long experience in the field, as well as its extensive resources of medical information accumulated during the Foundation’s twenty years of existence. These consist of over 1,300,000 English-language _abstract of the world’s biomedical literature, indexes to its abstracting journals, and the microfilm library in which complete original texts of all the 3,000 primary biomedical journals, monitored by Excerpta Medica in Amsterdam are stored since 1960.The objectives of the program of the combined Center include: (1) establishing a firm base of user relevance data; (2) developing improved vocabulary control mechanisms; (3) developing means of determining confidence limits of vocabulary control mechanisms in terms of user relevance data; 4. developing and field testing of new or improved media for providing medical literature to users; 5. developing methods for determining the relationship between learning and relevance in medical information storage and retrieval systems’; and (6) exploring automatic methods for retrospective searching of the specialized indexes of Excerpta Medica.The priority projects to be undertaken by the Center are (1) the investigation of the information needs of medical scientists, and (2) the development of a highly detailed Master List of Biomedical Indexing Terms. Excerpta Medica has already been at work on the latter project for several years.

Impact of Social Media on English Language: A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Dr. Neha Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
English Language ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
International Level ◽  
Class Society ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Media ◽  
Subsequent Rise

Language being a potent vehicle of transmitting cultural values, norms and beliefs remains a central factor in determining the status of any nation. India is a multilingual country which tends to encourage people to use English at national and international level. Basically English in India owes its presence to the British but its subsequent rise is not fully attributable to the British. It has now become the language of wider communication which is now spoken by large number of people all over the world. It is influenced by many factors such as class, society, developments in science and technology etc. However the major influence on English language is and has been the media.

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